Types of Rocks

Submitted by: John Caesar R. Pasco

 Submitted to: Engr. Liza C. Abia

Igneous rocks-Comes from the Latin word ignis meaning fire or magmatic rock.
The formation of igneous rocks was caused by the cooling and hardening of magma or
lava. Igneous rocks may form with crystallization to form granular, crystalline rocks.
Igneous rocks without crystallization form volcanic glass-uncrystallized product of
rapidly cooling magma. Igneous rocks can be either intrusive(plutonic hypabyssal) or
extrusive(volcanic). Intrusive igneous rocks are formed from magma that cools within
the crust of a planet; these rocks are coarse grained. Extrusive igneous rocks, also
known as volcanic rocks, are formed at the crusts surface as a result of the partial
melting of rocks within the mantle and crust.

Examples of Igneous rocks:

Metamorphic Rocks- Made from the transformation of existing rock types, in a process
called metamorphism, which means change in form. Earths crust is mostly made of
metamorphic rock and it makes up the 12% of the Earths current land surface. Formed
simply by being deep beneath the Earths surface and is subjected to high temperatures
and the great pressure of the rock layers above it.

Examples of Metamorphic Rocks:

Sedimentary Rocks- Made from particles of sand, shells, pebbles, and other fragments
of material; together, these particles are called sediments. Sedimentary rock is fairly soft
and may break apart or crumble easily. Over time, these layers are squashed under
more and more layers. Sedimentary can be formed in deserts, lakes, rivers and seas.

Examples of Sedimentary Rocks: