Wireless Power Transmission through Tesla Coil

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree of

B.TECH

in

Information Technology

by

Simant Shrestha 16BIT0451

Abhineet Chaudhary 16BIT0449
Mridul Kumar 16BIT0452
Ayush Malra 16BIT0272
Mukund Anand 16BIT0287
Ashish Raj 16BIT0138
Shaqib Pasha 16BIT0082

Under the Guidance of

Prof.Rajan Babu D

School of Information Technology & Engineering

April,2017
 DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE

I hereby declare that the project report entitled Wireless

Power Transmission Through Tesla Coilsubmitted by me
to VIT University, Vellore in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of the degree of
B.Tech.(Information Technology) is a record of Jth
component of project work carried out by me under the
guidance of Prof. Rajan Babu D. I further declare that the
work reported in this project has not been submitted and will
not be submitted, either in part or in full, for the award of any
other degree or diploma in this institute or any other institute
or university.

Place: Vellore Signature of the Candidate

Date: 20th April 2017

TABLE OF CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION

DEFINITION

Teslas Experiment

HISTORY

Principle

COMPONENTS

Circuit

Working

APPLICATIONS

CONCLUSION

Introduction
In this era of modernization, electricity has become the unavoidable
part of life.The major source of conventional form of electricity is
through wires.One of the major issue in power system is losses
occurring during the transmission and distribution of electrical power.
The percentage of loss of power during transmission and distribution
is approximated as 26%.The main reason for power loss during
transmission and distribution is resistance of wires used in grid.
According to world resource institute(WRI),Indias electricity grid
has the highest transmission and distribution losses in the world a
whopping 27-40%.Tesla has proposed methods of transmission of
electricity using electromagnetic induction.

The Tesla coil is an electrical resonant transformer circuit designed by

inventor Nikola Tesla in 1891. It is used to produce high-voltage,
low-current, high frequency alternating-current electricity.Tesla
experimented with a number of different configurations consisting of
two, or sometimes three, coupled resonant electric circuits.
Tesla used these circuits to conduct innovative experiments in
electrical lighting, phosphorescence, X-ray generation, high
frequencyalternating current phenomena, electrotherapy, and
the transmission of electrical energy without wires. Tesla coil circuits
were used commercially in sparkgap radio transmitters for wireless
telegraphy until the 1920s, and in medical equipment such
as electrotherapy and violet ray devices. Today their main use is for
entertainment and educational displays, although small coils are still
used today as leak detectors for high vacuum systems.

Definition:
 As the word wireless means WITHOUT WIRE. Wireless energy
transfer or wireless power is the transmission electrical energy
from a power source to an electric load without interconnecting
man made conductors. Wireless transmission is useful in cases
where interconnecting wires are inconvenient, hazardous or
impossible. WiTricity ensures that the cell phones, laptops, iPods
and other power hungry devices get charged on their own,
eliminating the need of plugging them in. Because of Witricity
these devices wont require batteries to operate.

Teslas Experiment
Tesla demonstrating wireless power transmission in a lecture at Columbia
College, New York, in 1891.The two metal sheets are connected to his Tesla
coil oscillator, which applies a high frequency oscillating voltage. The
oscillating electric fields between the sheets ionizes the low pressure gas in
the two long Geissler tubes he is holding, causing them to glow by
fluorescence, similar to neon lights. Experiment in resonant inductive
transfer by Tesla at Colorado Springs 1899.The coil is in resonance with
Teslas magnifying transmitter nearby, powering the light bulb at bottom.
Inventor Nikola Tesla performed the first experiments in wireless power
transmission in wireless power transmission at the turn of the 20th century,
and may have done more to popularize the idea than any other individual. In
the period 1891 to 1904 he experimented with transmitting power by
inductive and capacitive coupling using spark-excited radio frequency
resonant transformer, now Called Tesla coils, which generated high AC
voltages. With these he was able to transmit power for short distances
without wires. In demonstrations before the American Institute of Electrical
Engineers and the 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago he lit light bulbs
from across a stage.He found he could increase the distance by using a
receiving LC circuit tuned to resonance with the transmitters LC circuit,
using resonant inductive coupling. At his Colorado springs laboratory during
1899-1900,by using voltages of the order of 10 megavolts generated by an
enormous coil. he was able to light three incandescent lamps at a distance of
a about one hundred feet. The resonant inductive coupling which Tesla
pioneered is now a familiar technology used throughout electronics and is
currently being widely applied to short-range wireless power systems.

History:
Sir Nicolai Tesla was the first one to propose and research the idea of
wireless transmission in 1899, since then many scholars and scientists
have been working to make his dream a reality

1899: Tesla continues wireless power transmission research in

Colorado springs and writes The inferiority of the induction method
would appear immense as compared with the disturbed charge of
ground and air method.

1961: William C. Brown publishes an article exploring possibilities of

microwave power transmission

2009: Sony shows a wireless electrodynamics- induction powered

TV set, 60 watts over 50 cm.

Experiments performed between 1888 and 1907 by Nicolai Tesla

Started efforts on wireless transmission by 1891 in experimental

station at Colorado. He lightened a small incandescent lamp by means
of Resonant circuit grounded on one end. In 1901, Tesla began
construction of a large high voltage wireless power transmission now
called the Wardenclyffe tower at Shoreham, New York. The idea of
Tesla is taken research after 100 years by a team led by Marine
Soljacic from MIT. He used to lamp 200 lights from 40 km distance.

Principle:
The power of the Tesla coil lies in a process
called electromagnetic induction, i.e., a changing magnetic
field creates an electric potential that compels current to
flow. The flowing electric current generates a magnetic
field. When electricity flows through a wound up coil of
wire, it generates a magnetic field that fills the area around
the coil in a particular pattern, shown by the lines in the
picture off to the side:
Components Used
1kPF and 10kPF Capacitors
A device used to store an electric charge, consisting of one or more pairs
of conductors separated by an insulator.
Here it acts as voltage reference which is an electronic component or
circuit that produces a constant DC (direct-current)
output voltage regardless of variations in external conditions such as
temperature, barometric pressure, humidity, current demand, or the
passage of time.

Mosfet IRFZ44N
The metaloxidesemiconductor field-effect
transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, or MOS FET) is a type
of field effect transistor (FET). It has an insulated gate, whose
voltage determines the conductivity of the device.
The main advantage of a MOSFET over a regular transistor is
that it requires very little current to turn on (less than 1mA),
while delivering a much higher current to a load (10 to 50A or
more).
Here Gate is connected to the primary coil and source is
connected to the IC.
 The Main Aim of using mosfet here is to amplify the given
voltage.

IC 555
The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer,
pulse generation, and oscillator applications.
The 555 can be used to provide time delays, as
an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element.
Derivatives provide two or four timing circuits
in one package.
The main Aim of using this in our circuit is to
oscillate the coming wave if a steady wave is
encountered then it changes the wave to sine
wave.

Resistors (1k ohm & 100 ohm)

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements
electrical resistance as a circuit element.

1K ohm 100 ohm

Copper Wire
Used for primary coil and secondary coil.
Thin wires are used to increase the number of turns.
They are used to reduce the current loss as they are prefect conductors.

Circuit Used
Working

When we connect electric supply of 12 V then it get IC 555 to change

the wave form to Sine wave. The mosfet is used as an transistor
amplifier which amplifies the given DC voltage. The two capacitors
are used to store energy and then provide the stored energy to both the
coils. There is mutual inductance between primary coil and secondary
coil and the output voltage is certain thousand volts. It is mainly due
to very high number of turns in secondary coil. When this high
voltage is obtained the air near the secondary coil which acted as
insulator before now starts acting as conductor. Then the electrons
flow inside the fluorescent light via air establishing a wireless current
and hence glowing the fluorescent lamp.

Applications

Tesla coil circuits were used commercially in spark gap radio

transmitters for wireless telegraphy telegraphy until the 1920s,and
in electrotherapy and pseudomedical devices such as violet ray.
Today, although small Tesla coils are used as leak detectors in
scientific high vacuum systems and igniters in arc welders, their
main use is entertainment and educational displays.
Tesla coils are built by many high-voltage enthusiasts, research
institutions, science museums, and independent experimenters.
Although electronic circuit controllers have been developed,
Tesla's original spark gap design is less expensive and has proven
extremely reliable.

TESLA COILS IN ENTERTAINMENT

Tesla coils can also be used to generate sounds, including music,

by modulating the system's effective "break rate" (i.e., the rate
and duration of high power RF bursts)
Tesla coils are very popular devices among certain electrical
engineers and electronics enthusiasts. Builders of Tesla coils as
a hobby are called Coilers". A very large Tesla coil, designed
and built by Syd Klinge, is shown every year at the Coachella
 Valley Music and Arts Festival, in Coachella, Indio, California,
USA.
People attend "coiling" conventions where they display their
home-made Tesla coils and other electrical devices of interest.

CONCLUSION
The main objective was to demonstrate wireless power transmission
using solid state tesla coils. Tesla coils are remarkable devices able to
generate high voltage, high frequency waveforms with little control
circuitry. Most of the builders of Tesla coils are interested in
producing electric arcs and visible effects suitable for displays and
general amusement, not in producing power supplies and power
effects units which may have significant practical importance. It has
demonstrated that tesla coils can be designed for wireless power
transmission.