ENERGY and ENVIRONMENT

One of the environmental challenges in the use of energy is the interaction of cleaner and more efficient uses of
conventional fossil fuels. There are mechanisms set-up to promote environmentally-friendly development, such as
MONTREAL PROTOCOL UNDP (United Nations Development Programme) UNIDO (United Nations Industrial
Development Organization) to monitor and control ozone depletion and the framework convention on climate
change.

If development, is all about improving the quality of life, then environment is an integral of theses development.

Industry is defined as any Systematic Economic Activity, -- the science of Economics stems from household
management.

It is very important to improve energy efficiency and introduce cleaner production cycles for manufacturing
industries.
SOURCES OF ENERGY

Since the advent of humankind and the growth of Civilization, people have been exploiting the resources of the
Earth (ex. They cut down trees for fuel and for building materials and shelter)
Non-Renewable Sources:

COAL is the 3rd most important fossil fuel, after oil and natural gas.
o It comes from the remains of plants that lived 100-400 million years and were later subjected to heat and
pressure.
o They effect of pressure in the absence of oxygen which is needed for normal decomposition gradually
turned the plant debris into coal.
There are various Types of Coal, which categorized in terms of their Carbon contents.
o The best of 90% carbon is known as Anthracite.

o Bituminous Coal generally has a lower calorific value and contains about 3-14% water.

o Lignite or Brown Coal, is the poorest category, containing as much as 43%