Bitnami - Frequently Asked Questions For Virtual Machines

Frequently Asked Questions for Virtual Machines https://docs.bitnami.
com/virtual-machine/faq/
Content Bitnami Documentation Pages (/) >

Virtual Machines (/virtual-machine/) >
How to enable the SSH server? Frequently Asked Questions (/virtual-
machine/faq/)
Debian
Ubuntu
Frequently Asked
How to disable the SSH server? Questions For
Debian Virtual Machines
Ubuntu
How to configure the SSH server to

How To Enable The
support key-based authentication? SSH Server?
Connecting with an SSH client The SSH server is disabled by default in
Bitnami virtual machines. However, some
Connecting with an SSH client on
Windows applications (like GitLab) require SSH
access to import code repositories.
Linux and Mac OS X
To enable the SSH server, execute the
commands below at the server console:
How to access a server using an SSH
tunnel?
IMPORTANT: Before enabling the
Accessing a server using an SSH
tunnel on Windows SSH server, change the default
password for security.
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X
Debian
What is the directory structure? $ sudo rm -f /etc/ssh/sshd_not_to_

be_run
What is a Bitnami image?
$ sudo systemctl enable ssh
How to obtain root privileges?
$ sudo systemctl start ssh
Ubuntu
1 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Frequently Asked Questions for Virtual Machines https://docs.bitnami.com/virtual-machine/faq/
$ sudo mv /etc/init/ssh.conf.back
/etc/init/ssh.conf
$ sudo start ssh
Content How To Disable The

How to enable the SSH server? SSH Server?
Debian The SSH server is disabled by default in
the Bitnami virtual machines. If you have
Ubuntu
enabled it as described in How to enable
SSH, you can disable it following the
How to disable the SSH server?
opposite steps:
Debian
Debian
Ubuntu
$ sudo systemctl stop ssh

How to configure the SSH server to $ sudo systemctl disable ssh
support key-based authentication?
Connecting with an SSH client

Ubuntu
Windows $ sudo stop ssh
$ sudo mv /etc/init/ssh.conf /etc/
init/ssh.conf.back
Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel? How To Configure The
Accessing a server using an SSH SSH Server To Support
tunnel on Windows
Key-based
Accessing a server using an SSH Authentication?
NOTE: The steps in this section

What is the directory structure? assume that the virtual machine's
What is a Bitnami image? SSH server is enabled and running.
Read instructions for enabling the
SSH server.
To configure the SSH server to support
2 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
key-based authentication, follow these

steps:
Log in to the server console as the

bitnami user.
Content Create a key pair, consisting of a

public and private key, as shown
How to enable the SSH server? below. Set a long passphrase when
Debian prompted.
Ubuntu $ ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rs
How to disable the SSH server? a key pair.
Debian Enter file in which to save

the key (/home/bitnami/.ssh/i
Ubuntu
d_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for
support key-based authentication? no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been
Connecting with an SSH client on saved in /home/bitnami/.ssh/i
Windows d_rsa.
Connecting with an SSH client on Your public key has been sav
Linux and Mac OS X ed in /home/bitnami/.ssh/id_r
sa.pub.
How to access a server using an SSH The key fingerprint is:
tunnel? XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:X
Accessing a server using an SSH X:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX bitnami@l

tunnel on Windows inux

tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X This command should create two files
named id_rsa and id_rsa.pub in the
What is the directory structure? /home/bitnami/.ssh directory.
What is a Bitnami image? Copy the private key file named
How to obtain root privileges? id_rsa to a secure location. Do not

share this private key file.
Transfer the contents of the public
3 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
key file to the /home/bitnami

/.ssh/authorized_keys file:
$ cd /home/bitnami/.ssh
$ cat id_rsa.pub >> /home/bit
Content nami/.ssh/authorized_keys
How to enable the SSH server?

Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config and
Debian uncomment (or add if not already
Ubuntu present) the following lines:
RSAAuthentication yes
PubkeyAuthentication yes
Debian
Ubuntu In the same file, disable basic

password authentication:
support key-based authentication? ChallengeResponseAuthenticat
Connecting with an SSH client ion no

PasswordAuthentication no
UsePAM no
Windows

Restart the SSH server for the new
Linux and Mac OS X
configuration to take effect:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/ssh force-
tunnel?
reload
tunnel on Windows
You can now use the private key file to
connect to the virtual machine using SSH.
What is the directory structure? Connecting With An SSH Client

Windows
How to obtain root privileges? In order to access your server via SSH
tunnel you need an SSH client. In the
instructions below we have selected
4 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
PuTTY
(https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk
/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html), a free SSH
client for Windows and UNIX platforms.
To access the server via SSH tunnel
Content using PuTTY on a specific port using an
SSH tunnel, you need to have it
configured in order to allow connections
Debian to your server.
Ubuntu Step 1: Obtain PuTTY
Download the PuTTY ZIP
archive from its website
Debian (http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk
/~sgtatham/putty
Ubuntu
/download.html).
How to configure the SSH server to Extract the contents to a folder

support key-based authentication? on your desktop.
Double-click the putty.exe file
to bring up the PuTTY
Connecting with an SSH client on configuration window.
Windows
Connecting with an SSH client on Step 2: Configure PuTTY

Linux and Mac OS X In the PuTTY configuration
window, enter the host name
or public IP address of your
tunnel?
server into the "Host Name (or
Accessing a server using an SSH IP address)" field, as well as
tunnel on Windows
into the "Saved Sessions"
Accessing a server using an SSH field. Then, click "Save" to
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X save the new session so you
can reuse it later.
What is the directory structure?
5 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Content
(/images/img/platforms/common
How to enable the SSH server? /connect-ssh-windows-
Debian 1-121dfb24.png)
In the "Connection -> Data"
Ubuntu
section, enter the username
root into the "Auto-login
username" field, under the
Debian "Login details" section.
Ubuntu


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X
How to access a server using an SSH (/images/img/platforms

tunnel? /common/connect-ssh-
Accessing a server using an SSH windows-username-

tunnel on Windows root-2aeef9f7.png)

In the "Session" section, click on the
"Save" button to save the current
What is the directory structure? configuration.

Select the session you want to start
(in case that you have saved more
How to obtain root privileges? than one session) and click the
"Open" button to open an SSH
session to the server.
6 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
How to disable the SSH server? (/images/img/platforms/common

/connect-ssh-windows-
Debian
3-6d56bed6.png)
Ubuntu
PuTTY will first ask you to confirm the
How to configure the SSH server to server's host key and add it to the cache.
support key-based authentication? Go ahead and click "Yes" to this request
Connecting with an SSH client (learn more).

Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?

tunnel on Windows

(/images/img/platforms/common/connect-
ssh-windows-warning-1ca639a4.png)
What is the directory structure? Enter the SSH password when

prompted. Refer to the FAQ
(/virtual-machine/faq/#obtaining-
How to obtain root privileges? your-ssh-credentials-for-your-client)
to learn how to obtain your SSH
credentials for your client.
7 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
You should now be logged in to your

server. Here is an example of what you'll
see:
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
Debian
Ubuntu ssh-windows-4-a0cff593.png)

support key-based authentication? Connecting with an SSH client on Linux
and Mac OS X
Linux and Mac OS X come bundled with
SSH clients by default. In order to log in
Windows
to your server, follow the steps below:
Open a new terminal window on
Linux and Mac OS X
your local system (for example,
using "Finder -> Applications ->
tunnel? Utilities -> Terminal" in Mac OS X or
the Dash in Ubuntu).
Connect to the server using the
tunnel on Windows
following command:
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X $ ssh root@SERVER-IP

Remember to replace SERVER-IP
What is a Bitnami image? with the public IP address or
How to obtain root privileges? hostname of your server.
Your SSH client might ask you to

confirm the server's host key and
8 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
add it to the cache before

connecting. Accept this request by
typing or selecting "Yes" (learn
more).
Enter your SSH password when
Content prompted. Refer to the FAQ
(/virtual-machine/faq/#obtaining-
your-ssh-credentials-for-your-client)
Debian to learn how to obtain your SSH
Ubuntu credentials for your client.
How to disable the SSH server? You should now be logged in to your
server. Here is an example of what you'll
Debian
see:
Ubuntu


Windows
Connecting with an SSH client on ssh-linux-mac-1-c2e766ac.png)
Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?
How To Access A
Server Using An SSH
tunnel on Windows Tunnel?
Accessing a server using an SSH Bitnami strongly discourages you from
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X opening server ports apart from those
defined by default. In case you need to
What is the directory structure? access a server on a specific port
remotely, Bitnami recommends creating
an SSH tunnel instead of opening the port
How to obtain root privileges? in the server firewall.
Depending on your operating system,
9 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
follow these instructions to create an SSH

tunnel and ensure secure access to the
application.mv
IMPORTANT: Before following the

Content steps below, ensure that you have
How to enable the SSH server? enabled the SSH server (/virtual-
machine/faq/#how-to-enable-the-
Debian
ssh-server) (disabled by default)
Ubuntu and that your application server is
running.
Debian Accessing A Server Using An

Ubuntu
SSH Tunnel On Windows
In order to access your server via SSH
How to configure the SSH server to tunnel you need an SSH client. In the
support key-based authentication? instructions below we have selected
Connecting with an SSH client PuTTY

(https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk
/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html), a free SSH
Windows
client for Windows and UNIX platforms.
To access the server via SSH tunnel
Linux and Mac OS X
using PuTTY on a specific port you
How to access a server using an SSH must have it configured. Please,

tunnel? check how to configure PuTTY in
the section how to connect to the
tunnel on Windows server through SSH using an SSH
client on Windows (/virtual-machine
/faq/#connecting-with-an-ssh-client-
on-windows).

Once you have your SSH client correctly
What is a Bitnami image? configured and you tested that you can
How to obtain root privileges? successfully access to your instance via

SSH, you need to create an SSH tunnel.
For doing so, follow these steps:
10 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
In the "Connection -> SSH ->

Tunnels" section, create a secure
tunnel by forwarding a port (the
"destination port") on the remote
server to a port (the "source port")
Content on the local host (127.0.0.1 or
localhost). An example of
configuring an SSH tunnel between
Debian remote port 80 and local port 8888
Ubuntu is displayed below.
Debian
Ubuntu


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X
/access-application-
How to access a server using an SSH 1-53ebfa3e.png)

tunnel? Click the "Add" button to add the
Accessing a server using an SSH secure tunnel configuration to the
tunnel on Windows session. (You'll see the added port
in the list of "Forwarded ports"). An
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X example of configuring an SSH
tunnel between remote port 80 and
What is the directory structure? local port 8888 is displayed below.
11 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Content
How to enable the SSH server? (/images/img/platforms/common
/access-application-
Debian
2-91e722b8.png)
Ubuntu
In the "Session" section, save your
changes by clicking the "Save"
button.
Debian Click the "Open" button to open an
Ubuntu SSH session to the server. The SSH

session will now include a secure
How to configure the SSH server to SSH tunnel between the two
support key-based authentication? specified ports.

While the tunnel is active, you should be
Connecting with an SSH client on able to access the application through the
Windows
secure SSH tunnel you created, by
Connecting with an SSH client on browsing to http://127.0.0.1:SOURCE-
Linux and Mac OS X PORT/ or http://localhost:SOURCE-
PORT/. Remember to replace SOURCE-
How to access a server using an SSH PORT with the source port number
tunnel?
specified.
tunnel on Windows Accessing A Server Using An
SSH Tunnel On Linux And Mac
OS X
To access the server on a specific port
What is the directory structure? using an SSH tunnel, you need to have
the following information:
Server's IP address
Username and password. Learn
more about how to obtain your SSH
credentials for your client (/virtual-
12 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
machine/faq/#obtaining-your-ssh-
credentials-for-your-client).
Once you have the information above,

follow these instructions to access the
Content server using an SSH tunnel:
How to enable the SSH server? Open a new terminal window on

your local system (for example,
Debian
using "Finder -> Applications ->
Ubuntu Utilities -> Terminal" in Mac OS X or
the Dash in Ubuntu).
How to disable the SSH server? Run the following command.
Debian Remember to replace SOURCE-

PORT with the source port,
Ubuntu
DESTINATION-PORT with the
destination port, and SERVER-IP
with the public IP address or
hostname of your server.
Connecting with an SSH client remembering to replace SERVER-
Connecting with an SSH client on IP with the public IP address or
Windows host. Enter your SSH password
when prompted.
Linux and Mac OS X
$ ssh -N -L SOURCE-PORT:127.0
.0.1:DESTINATION-PORT root@SE
tunnel? RVER-IP

tunnel on Windows NOTE: If successful, the above
Accessing a server using an SSH commands will create an SSH tunnel
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X but will not display any output on the
server console.
While the tunnel is active, you should be
able to access the server through the
How to obtain root privileges? secure SSH tunnel you created, by
browsing to http://127.0.0.1:SOURCE-
PORT or http://localhost:SOURCE-
13 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
PORT/. Remember to replace SOURCE-

PORT with the source port number
specified.
Content What Is The Directory

How to enable the SSH server? Structure?
Debian The installation process will create
several sub-directories under the
Ubuntu
/opt/bitnami directory:
How to disable the SSH server? Servers and related tools: apache2/,
mysql/, postgresql/, apache-tomcat/,
Debian
etc.
Ubuntu Languages: php/, python/, ruby/,
tcl/, etc.
How to configure the SSH server to Application files:
support key-based authentication? apps/phpMyAdmin/, apps/drupal/,
Connecting with an SSH client apps/joomla/, apps/redmine/, etc.
Common libraries: common/
Licenses of the components
Windows
included in the stack: licenses/
Linux and Mac OS X
Application files are stored in the
/opt/bitnami/apps/APPNAME/htdocs
directory. The configuration file for the
tunnel?
Apache Web server is stored in the
Accessing a server using an SSH /opt/bitnami/apps/APPNAME/conf/
tunnel on Windows
directory.
What Is A Bitnami
Image?
A Bitnami image includes everything you
How to obtain root privileges? need to run your Bitnami-packaged
application of choice. The installation and
configuration of all of the software
14 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
included in the stack is completely

automated, making it easy for everyone,
including those who are not very
technical, to get them up and running.
Content All Bitnami images are completely self-

contained and run independently of the
rest of the software or libraries installed
Debian on your system. This means that you
Ubuntu don't have to worry about installing any
other software on your system to make
How to disable the SSH server? the new application work. They also won't
interfere with any software already
Debian
installed on the system, so everything will
Ubuntu continue to work normally.

How To Obtain Root
Connecting with an SSH client Privileges?
Connecting with an SSH client on Execute any command as the root user
Windows by prefixing it with the sudo command.
Connecting with an SSH client on For example, to check server status, use
Linux and Mac OS X the command below and enter the
password for the bitnami user when
How to access a server using an SSH prompted:
tunnel?
Accessing a server using an SSH $ sudo /opt/bitnami/ctlscript.sh s

tunnel on Windows
tatus
To directly log in using the root user
account, use this command:

$ sudo su
To set a new password for the root user

account, use these commands:
15 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
$ sudo su
$ passwd
Content How To Find

Application
Credentials?
Debian
The default username and password for
Ubuntu
the application is typically user and
bitnami. You can obtain these credentials
from the server console, above the login
Debian prompt, as shown below:
Ubuntu


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X
(/images/img/platforms/virtual-machine
How to access a server using an SSH /app-credentials-2673d31b.png)
tunnel?
Accessing a server using an SSH You can also obtain the application
tunnel on Windows username from the application page in
our documentation (/virtual-machine
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X /apps).
What is the directory structure? If you started a server (for example,

MongoDB or similar) that isn't a Web
application server, you can use the
How to obtain root privileges? default administrator user to log in to the
database (for example, root). You can find
more information for each specific server
16 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
in our documentation (/virtual-machine

/components).
How To Start Or Stop

Content The Services?
How to enable the SSH server? Each Bitnami stack includes a control
Debian script that lets you easily stop, start and
restart services. The script is located at
Ubuntu
/opt/bitnami/ctlscript.sh. Call it without any
service name arguments to start all
services:
Debian
Ubuntu $ sudo /opt/bitnami/ctlscript.sh s

tart
Or use it to restart a single service, such
Connecting with an SSH client as Apache only, by passing the service
Connecting with an SSH client on name as argument:
Windows
Connecting with an SSH client on $ sudo /opt/bitnami/ctlscript.sh r

Linux and Mac OS X estart apache

tunnel?
Use this script to stop all services:

tunnel on Windows $ sudo /opt/bitnami/ctlscript.sh s
top
Restart the services by running the script
What is the directory structure? without any arguments:

$ sudo /opt/bitnami/ctlscript.sh r
estart
Obtain a list of available services and
17 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
operations by running the script without

any arguments:
$ sudo /opt/bitnami/ctlscript.sh
Content
How To Change The
Debian Login Password For
Ubuntu The Virtual Machine?
The default login password for the virtual
machine console is displayed when it
Debian starts up, as shown below:
Ubuntu


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X
How to access a server using an SSH /server-credentials-338e5d85.png)
tunnel?
Accessing a server using an SSH You will be automatically prompted to

tunnel on Windows change this when you log in the first time.
To change it later, execute the command
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X below at the console:
What is the directory structure? $ passwd

How To Remotely
Access The Bitnami
18 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Application?
Access the Bitnami application by
browsing to the virtual machine's IP
address. This address is typically
Content assigned to it by a DHCP server in your

network. The IP address is displayed on
How to enable the SSH server? screen at the end of the boot process, as
Debian shown below:
Ubuntu
Debian
Ubuntu


Connecting with an SSH client on /connect-remotely-1-388b3314.png)
Windows
Connecting with an SSH client on To see the current IP address, execute

Linux and Mac OS X the ifconfig command at the server
console after logging in. If no IP address
How to access a server using an SSH is assigned, consider the various options
tunnel?
below:
Accessing a server using an SSH Try reloading the IP address using
tunnel on Windows
the command below:
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X $ sudo /etc/init.d/networking
force-reload
What is a Bitnami image? If there is no DHCP server available

or the DHCP server is not
configured to give IP addresses to
unknown hosts, use the built-in
hypervisor DHCP server. Stop the
19 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
virtual machine, update the network

adapter to use "NAT" instead of
"Bridged" mode, and restart the
machine, as shown below. Note that
this solution produces only an
Content internal IP address for the virtual
machine, so the Bitnami application
will only be accessible from the
Debian hypervisor host.
Ubuntu An alternative approach is to
configure the network manually and
How to disable the SSH server? assign a static IP address to the
Debian virtual machine. For example, if your
local network uses IP addresses of
Ubuntu
the form 192.168.1.X and you know
that the IP address 192.168.1.234 is
support key-based authentication? unassigned, manually assign this to
the virtual machine by executing the
command below at the virtual
Connecting with an SSH client on machine console:
Windows
$ sudo ifconfig eth0 192.168.
1.234 netmask 255.255.255.0 u
Linux and Mac OS X
p

tunnel? With this configuration, the Bitnami
Accessing a server using an SSH application should be accessible
tunnel on Windows from any host on the same network
at the IP address 192.168.1.234.
What is the directory structure? How To Configure The

Application's IP
Address Or Hostname?
By default, Bitnami applications update
their internal IP address or hostname at
boot time. However, it may be necessary
20 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
to change this manually if the virtual

machine IP address changes.
To do this, execute the command below,

replacing APPNAME with the directory
Content holding the application and IP-ADDRESS
with the new IP address or hostname:
Debian
$ sudo /opt/bitnami/apps/APPNAME/b
Ubuntu nconfig --machine_hostname IP-ADDR
ESS
Debian
Ubuntu How To Open The

Server Ports For
How to configure the SSH server to Remote Access?
By default, the Bitnami virtual machines
firewall is configured to allow access in
Connecting with an SSH client on any ports required by the application and
Windows SSH (usually ports 80, 443 and 22).
Linux and Mac OS X To open a different port:
Log in to the server console.

How to access a server using an SSH Execute the following command,
tunnel?
replacing the PORT placeholder
Accessing a server using an SSH with the number of the port to be
tunnel on Windows opened:
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X $ sudo ufw allow PORT
What is the directory structure? More information about modifying the
What is a Bitnami image? firewall configuration is available on the

Debian Wiki (https://wiki.debian.org
/Uncomplicated%20Firewall
%20%28ufw%29).
21 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
How To Close The

Server Ports And Deny
Remote Access?
By default, the Bitnami virtual machines
Content firewall is configured to allow access in
How to enable the SSH server? any ports required by the application and
SSH (usually ports 80, 443 and 22).
Debian
Ubuntu To close an open port:
Log in to the server console.

Execute the following command,
Debian replacing the PORT placeholder
with the number of the port to be
Ubuntu
closed:

$ sudo ufw deny PORT

More information about modifying the
Connecting with an SSH client on firewall configuration is available on the
Windows
Debian Wiki (https://wiki.debian.org
Connecting with an SSH client on /Uncomplicated%20Firewall
Linux and Mac OS X %20%28ufw%29).

tunnel?
How To Change The
Accessing a server using an SSH Keyboard Layout?
tunnel on Windows
Use the dpkg-reconfigure tool to change
Accessing a server using an SSH the keyboard layout, with the command
below:

$ sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-c
onfiguration
How To Enable
22 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Desktop Access?
To allow desktop access for the bitnami
user, follow these steps:
Content Debian
Install the gnome-core package:
$ sudo apt-get update
Debian
$ sudo apt-get install gnome-
Ubuntu
core

Reboot the machine.
Debian
You should now be able to log in to
Ubuntu the desktop as bitnami user.
How to configure the SSH server to Ubuntu

Install the ubuntu-desktop package:
$ sudo apt-get update
Connecting with an SSH client on $ sudo apt-get install ubuntu
Windows
-desktop
Linux and Mac OS X
Create a new file named /usr/share
/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/60-
tunnel? bitnami.conf and add the following
lines as shown below:
tunnel on Windows
[SeatDefaults]
Accessing a server using an SSH default-user=bitnami
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X greeter-show-manual-login=tr
ue
What is a Bitnami image? You can create the file by executing
How to obtain root privileges? the following command:
23 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
$ sudo sh -c 'echo "[SeatDefa

ults]\ndefault-user=bitnami\n
greeter-show-manual-login=tru
e" > /usr/share/lightdm/light
dm.conf.d/50-bitnami.conf'
Content
Restart the virtual machine.
Debian You should now be able to log in to
the desktop as bitnami user.
Ubuntu

How To Install An FTP
Debian
Server?
Ubuntu
IMPORTANT: For security reasons, it
How to configure the SSH server to is preferable to avoid using an FTP
support key-based authentication? server or opening the FTP port to

copy files to the virtual machine.
Instead, use SFTP or SCP to connect
to the virtual machine and transfer
Windows
files.
Linux and Mac OS X Some applications require an FTP
connection to download and install
How to access a server using an SSH modules. In those cases, the machine
tunnel?
already has the vsftpd server configured
Accessing a server using an SSH for local access. These are the settings to
tunnel on Windows use (remember to replace the
Accessing a server using an SSH PASSWORD placeholder with the correct
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X password for the bitnami user account):
24 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Hostname: 127.0.0.1
Username: bitnami
Password: PASSWORD
Connection method: FTP
Port: 21
Content
FTP root directory: /opt/bitnami/a
How to enable the SSH server? pps/APPNAME/htdocs
Debian
If the virtual machine does not include the
Ubuntu
vsftpd server, install it by following these
steps:
Install the package:
Debian
Ubuntu $ sudo apt-get update

$ sudo apt-get install vsftpd
For security reasons, modify the
Connecting with an SSH client configuration file to only listen to
requests originating from the local
Windows machine. Add the necessary line to
the end of the /etc/vsftpd.conf
configuration file with the following
Linux and Mac OS X
command:

$ echo -e "write_enable=YES\n
tunnel?
listen_address=127.0.0.1" | s
Accessing a server using an SSH udo tee -a /etc/vsftpd.conf
tunnel on Windows

Restart the FTP server:
$ sudo restart vsftpd

How to obtain root privileges? How To Upload Files To

The Server With SFTP?
25 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
NOTE: Bitnami applications can be

found in /opt/bitnami/apps.
NOTE: The steps in this section
Content assume that the virtual machine's

SSH server is enabled and running.
How to enable the SSH server? Read instructions for enabling the
Debian SSH server.
Ubuntu The first step is to ensure that you have

the server's IP address and password for
the bitnami user account. If you chose to
Debian configure key-based authentication, you
must have the SSH private key for the
Ubuntu
bitnami user account in .ppk format (for
Windows) or in .pem format (for Linux
support key-based authentication? and Mac OS X).

Once you have confirmed that you have
Connecting with an SSH client on the IP address and correct SSH
Windows credentials for your server, follow the
Connecting with an SSH client on instructions below depending on the

Linux and Mac OS X platform you wish to use.
How to access a server using an SSH Although you can use any SFTP/SCP
tunnel? client to transfer files to your server, this
guide documents FileZilla (https://filezilla-
tunnel on Windows project.org/) (Windows, Linux and Mac
OS X), WinSCP (http://winscp.net/)
(Windows) and Cyberduck
(https://cyberduck.io/?l=en) (Mac OS X).

Using An SSH Key
Once you have your server's SSH key,
choose your preferred application and
follow the steps below to connect to the
server using SFTP.
26 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
FileZilla
IMPORTANT: To use FileZilla, your

server private key should be in PPK
format.
Content
Follow these steps:
Download and install FileZilla.
Debian
Launch FileZilla and use the "Edit ->
Ubuntu Settings" command to bring up
FileZilla's configuration settings.
How to disable the SSH server? Within the "Connection -> SFTP"
Debian section, use the "Add keyfile"
command to select the private key
Ubuntu
file for the server. FileZilla will use
this private key to log in to the
support key-based authentication? server.

Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?
Accessing a server using an SSH (/images/img/platforms/common

tunnel on Windows /upload-files-filezilla-key-bitnami-
Accessing a server using an SSH adefbd75.png)
Use the "File -> Site Manager ->
New Site" command to bring up the
FileZilla Site Manager, where you
What is a Bitnami image? can set up a connection to your
server.
Enter your server host name and
specify bitnami as the user name.
Select "SFTP" as the protocol and
27 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
"Ask for password" as the logon

type.
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
Debian (/images/img/platforms/common
Ubuntu /upload-files-filezilla-connection-
bitnami-69d2376b.png)
How to configure the SSH server to Use the "Connect" button to connect
to the server and begin an SFTP
Connecting with an SSH client session. You might need to accept
the server key, by clicking "Yes" or
Windows "OK" to proceed.

You should now be logged into the
Linux and Mac OS X
/home/bitnami directory on the server.
You can now transfer files by dragging
tunnel? and dropping them from the local server
window to the remote server window.
tunnel on Windows
If you have problems accessing your
Accessing a server using an SSH server, get extra information by use the
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X "Edit -> Settings -> Debug" menu to
activate FileZilla's debug log.
28 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
(/images/img/platforms/common/upload-
Content files-filezilla-debug-78c118d7.png)
How to enable the SSH server? WinSCP

Debian
IMPORTANT: To use WinSCP, your
Ubuntu server private key should be in PPK
format.
Debian
Follow these steps:
Download and install WinSCP.

Ubuntu
Launch WinSCP and in the
"Session" panel, select "SFTP" as
support key-based authentication? the file protocol.
Enter your server host name and
specify bitnami as the user name.
Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?

tunnel on Windows
Accessing a server using an SSH (/images/img/platforms/common

/upload-files-winscp-connection-
bitnami-ba5a7c75.png)
Click the "Advanced" button and
within the "SSH -> Authentication ->
How to obtain root privileges? Authentication parameters" section,
select the private key file for the
server. WinSCP will use this private
29 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
key to log in to the server.
Content
Debian
Ubuntu

Debian /upload-files-winscp-key-bitnami-
Ubuntu 5f5fe869.png)
From the "Session" panel, use the

How to configure the SSH server to "Login" button to connect to the
server and begin an SCP session.
Windows
and dropping them from the local server
Linux and Mac OS X

If you need to upload files to a location
tunnel?
where the bitnami user doesn't have write
Accessing a server using an SSH permissions, you have two options:
tunnel on Windows
Once you have configured WinSCP
as described above, click the
"Advanced" button and within the
"Environment -> Shell" panel, select
sudo su - as your shell. This will
What is a Bitnami image? allow you to upload files using the
How to obtain root privileges? administrator account.
30 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Content
Debian (/images/img/platforms/common
/upload-files-winscp-
Ubuntu
sudo-1a4c00c1.png)
How to disable the SSH server? Upload the files to the

/home/bitnami directory as usual.
Debian
Then, connect via SSH and move
Ubuntu the files to the desired location with
the sudo command, as shown
How to configure the SSH server to below:
$ sudo mv /home/bitnami/uploaded-
Connecting with an SSH client file /path/to/desired/location/
Windows Cyberduck
Connecting with an SSH client on IMPORTANT: To use Cyberduck, your

Linux and Mac OS X server private key should be in PEM
format.
tunnel?
Follow these steps:
Select the "Open Connection"
tunnel on Windows
command and specify "SFTP" as
Accessing a server using an SSH the connection protocol.
31 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
/upload-files-cyberduck-protocol-
48a0a755.png)
Content In the connection details panel,

under the "More Options" section,
How to enable the SSH server? enable the "Use Public Key
Debian Authentication" option and specify
the path to the private key file for
Ubuntu
the server.
Debian
Ubuntu


Windows (/images/img/platforms/common
/upload-files-cyberduck-key-bitnami-
5508aa83.png)
Linux and Mac OS X
Use the "Connect" button to connect
How to access a server using an SSH to the server and begin an SFTP
tunnel? session.
tunnel on Windows You should now be logged into the
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X You can now transfer files by dragging
What is the directory structure? window to the remote server window.

Using A Password
Once you have your server's SSH
credentials, choose your preferred
application and follow the steps below to
32 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
connect to the server using SFTP.
FileZilla
Follow these steps:
Download and install FileZilla.

Content Launch FileZilla and use the "File ->
How to enable the SSH server? Site Manager -> New Site"
command to bring up the FileZilla
Debian
Site Manager, where you can set up
Ubuntu a connection to your server.
Enter your server host name.
How to disable the SSH server? Select "SFTP" as the protocol and
Debian "Ask for password" as the logon
type. Use bitnami as the server
Ubuntu
username and the password
generated during the server
support key-based authentication? deployment process.

Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?

tunnel on Windows
Accessing a server using an SSH /upload-files-filezilla-connection-
bitnami-69d2376b.png)
What is the directory structure? Use the "Connect" button to connect

to the server and begin an SFTP
session. You might need to accept
How to obtain root privileges? the server key, by clicking "Yes" or
"OK" to proceed.
33 de 60 19/8/17 10:26

Content
If you have problems accessing your
server, get extra information by use the
Debian "Edit -> Settings -> Debug" menu to
Ubuntu activate FileZilla's debug log.
Debian
Ubuntu


Windows (/images/img/platforms/common/upload-
files-filezilla-debug-78c118d7.png)
Linux and Mac OS X
WinSCP
How to access a server using an SSH Follow these steps:

tunnel? Download and install WinSCP.
Accessing a server using an SSH Launch WinSCP and in the
tunnel on Windows "Session" panel, select "SFTP" as
the file protocol.
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X Enter your server host name and
set bitnami as the server username.
34 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
/upload-files-winscp-connection-
Content bitnami-ba5a7c75.png)
How to enable the SSH server? From the "Session" panel, use the
"Login" button to connect to the
Debian
server and begin an SCP session.
Ubuntu Enter the password when prompted.
Debian
Ubuntu


Windows
Connecting with an SSH client on /upload-files-winscp-password-
Linux and Mac OS X bitnami-4ec952a0.png)
How to access a server using an SSH You should now be logged into the
tunnel?
Accessing a server using an SSH You can now transfer files by dragging
tunnel on Windows and dropping them from the local server
Accessing a server using an SSH window to the remote server window.

Cyberduck
What is the directory structure? Follow these steps:
What is a Bitnami image? Select the "Open Connection"

command and specify "SFTP" as
the connection protocol.
35 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Content
Debian
/upload-files-cyberduck-protocol-
Ubuntu 48a0a755.png)
In the connection details panel,

enter the server IP address, bitnami
Debian as the username, and the password
generated during the deployment
Ubuntu
process.


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?

tunnel on Windows
/upload-files-cyberduck-password-
Accessing a server using an SSH bitnami-262e9e22.png)
Use the "Connect" button to connect
What is the directory structure? to the server and begin an SFTP

session.
How to obtain root privileges? You should now be logged into the
36 de 60 19/8/17 10:26

How To Configure Your

Content Application To Use A
How to enable the SSH server? Third-party SMTP
Debian Service For Outgoing
Ubuntu
Email?
Bitnami applications can be configured to
How to disable the SSH server? use a third-party SMTP service for
outgoing email. Examples of such third-
Debian
party SMTP services are SendGrid
Ubuntu (https://sendgrid.com/) and Mandrill
(https://mandrillapp.com/). Instructions for
How to configure the SSH server to using both these are provided below.

SendGrid
Connecting with an SSH client on SendGrid's SMTP service can be
Windows
accessed using your SendGrid account
Connecting with an SSH client on credentials. These credentials can be
Linux and Mac OS X obtained by logging in to the SendGrid
website and visiting the "Account Details"
page.
tunnel?

tunnel on Windows


(/images/img/platforms/common/use-
external-smtp-sendgrid-1-9803a691.png)
37 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
To configure your application to send

email through SendGrid's SMTP service,
use the settings below. Replace
USERNAME with your SendGrid account
username and PASSWORD with your
Content SendGrid account password.
How to enable the SSH server? SMTP host: smtp.sendgrid.net

SMTP port: 25 or 587 for
Debian
unencrypted/TLS email, 465 for
Ubuntu SSL-encrypted email
SMTP username: USERNAME
How to disable the SSH server? SMTP password: PASSWORD
Debian
Here's an example of configuring
Ubuntu
WordPress to use SendGrid:


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?
external-smtp-sendgrid-465-
tunnel on Windows
a3b8579b.png)
More information is available in the
SendGrid documentation
(https://sendgrid.com/docs/Integrate
What is a Bitnami image? /index.html).

Mandrill
Mandrill's SMTP service requires an API
38 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
key for access. To obtain this key, log in

to the Mandrill website, navigate to the
"SMTP & API" section and create an API
key. Note the SMTP server name,
username and API key, as these serve as
Content your credentials for accessing the
Mandrill SMTP server.
Debian
Ubuntu
Debian
Ubuntu

Connecting with an SSH client external-smtp-mandrill-1-51cd81be.png)

To configure your application to send
Windows
email through Mandrill's SMTP service,
use the settings below. Replace
Linux and Mac OS X
USERNAME with your SMTP username
and API-KEY with the generated API key.
tunnel? SMTP host: smtp.mandrillapp.com
SMTP port: 25, 587 or 2525 for
tunnel on Windows unencrypted/TLS email, 465 for
SSL-encrypted email
SMTP username: USERNAME
SMTP password: API-KEY

Here's an example of configuring
What is a Bitnami image? WordPress to use Mandrill:
39 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
external-smtp-mandrill-
465-7a73dd2c.png)
Debian More information is available in the
Ubuntu Mandrill documentation

(https://mandrill.zendesk.com/hc/en-
How to configure the SSH server to us/articles/205582167-Which-SMTP-

support key-based authentication? ports-can-I-use-).

Similar steps can be followed for other
Connecting with an SSH client on third-party SMTP services as well.
Windows
Consult your service provider's
Connecting with an SSH client on documentation to obtain details on
Linux and Mac OS X authentication credentials and available
ports.
tunnel?
Accessing a server using an SSH How To Increase The

tunnel on Windows
Available Memory For
Accessing a server using an SSH The Virtual Machine?
Increase the RAM for a virtual machine
through the "Settings" panel. Here's what
it looks like for VirtualBox:
40 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Content
Debian /increase-memory-caba5f5d.png)
Ubuntu
Recent versions of Bitnami virtual
machines include the PAE kernel, which
allows you to increase assigned RAM
Debian memory to more than 4 GB. The optimal
Ubuntu setting will also depend on the host
machine's capabilities and the number of
How to configure the SSH server to virtual machines running simultaneously.
Connecting with an SSH client TIP: It's good practice to share the
RAM between the host machine and
Windows the virtual machine. For example, if
the host machine has 2 GB RAM and
you are only running one virtual
Linux and Mac OS X
machine, increase the RAM of the
virtual machine to 1 GB. It is not
tunnel? advisable to increase it to more than
this because this may result in the
host machine running out of physical
tunnel on Windows
memory and switching to swap
Accessing a server using an SSH memory, which significantly decreases
overall performance.
What is a Bitnami image? How To Add A New

How to obtain root privileges? Virtual Disk?
To create a new virtual disk and increase
the disk space available on your virtual
41 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
machine, follow these steps:
In the machine's "Settings", add a

new SCSI disk drive and configure
the disk size.
Content Start the virtual machine and log in.
At the console, run the following

command to format the new disk:
Debian
$ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
Ubuntu
How to disable the SSH server? Create a new directory to mount the
disk:
Debian
Ubuntu $ sudo mkdir /mnt/disk
How to configure the SSH server to Mount the new disk:

$ echo "/dev/sdb /mnt/disk ex
t4 defaults 0 0" | sudo tee -
a /etc/fstab
Windows
$ sudo mount -a
Linux and Mac OS X
Check if the new disk is available with the
command below:
tunnel?
Accessing a server using an SSH $ df -h

tunnel on Windows
Accessing a server using an SSH If you have a directory containing a large

tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X amount of data, you can now move it to
the new hard drive and create a symbolic
What is the directory structure? link. Here's an example of moving the
What is a Bitnami image? Joomla data directory:
42 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
$ sudo mv /opt/bitnami/apps/joomla
/data /mnt/disk/data
$ ln -s /mnt/disk/data /opt/bitnam
i/apps/joomla/data
Content
How To Install And
Debian Configure Webmin?
Ubuntu Webmin (http://www.webmin.com/) is a
web-based interface for system
How to disable the SSH server? administration. Using any modern web
Debian browser, it enables management of user
accounts, Apache, DNS, file sharing and
Ubuntu
much more.

The steps below walk you through the
process of installing and configuring
Connecting with an SSH client Webmin on a Bitnami virtual machine or
Connecting with an SSH client on server:
Windows
Log in at the machine console.
Connecting with an SSH client on Download the latest stable version
Linux and Mac OS X
of Webmin (http://sourceforge.net
/projects/webadmin/files/webmin).
tunnel? Install dependencies and
uncompress the tarball:
tunnel on Windows
$ sudo apt-get install perl5
Accessing a server using an SSH libnet-ssleay-perl
$ tar -xzvf webmin-*
$ cd webmin-*

Run the installer and follow the
How to obtain root privileges? installation steps. During the
installation, you will be prompted for
user credentials.
43 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
$ sudo sh setup.sh
Open the default Webmin port of

10000 in the server firewall, as
Content described in the FAQ.
How to enable the SSH server? Once Webmin is installed, access it with
Debian the credentials set during the installation
process by browsing to http://SERVER-
Ubuntu
IP:10000.

To configure Webmin to manage the
Debian Bitnami servers:
Ubuntu Create the configuration file

/etc/webmin/mysql/config for
How to configure the SSH server to MySQL and fill it with the content
support key-based authentication? below:

Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?

tunnel on Windows

44 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
start_cmd=sudo /opt/bitnami/
ctlscript.sh start mysql >/de
v/null 2>&1
stop_cmd=sudo /opt/bitnami/c
tlscript.sh stop mysql >/dev/
Content
null 2>&1
How to enable the SSH server? mysql=/opt/bitnami/mysql/bin
/mysql
Debian
mysqladmin=/opt/bitnami/mysq
Ubuntu
l/bin/mysqladmin
mysqldump=/opt/bitnami/mysql
/bin/mysqldump
Debian mysqlimport=/opt/bitnami/mys
ql/bin/mysqlimport
Ubuntu
my_cnf=/opt/bitnami/mysql/my
.cnf
support key-based authentication? mysqlshow=/opt/bitnami/mysql
/bin/mysqlshow
mysql_libs=/opt/bitnami/mysq
Connecting with an SSH client on l/lib
Windows mysql_data=/opt/bitnami/mysq
Connecting with an SSH client on l/data

Linux and Mac OS X access=*: *
style=0
How to access a server using an SSH date_subs=0
tunnel?
max_text=1000
Accessing a server using an SSH perpage=25
tunnel on Windows nodbi=0
max_dbs=50
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X nopwd=0
add_mode=1
What is the directory structure? passwd_mode=0
blob_mode=0

Similarly, create the configuration
file /etc/webmin/apache/config for
Apache and fill it with the content
45 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
below:
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
Debian
Ubuntu


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?

tunnel on Windows

46 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
ctlscript.sh start apache >/d
ev/null 2>&1
tlscript.sh stop apache >/dev
Content
/null 2>&1
How to enable the SSH server? httpd_dir=/opt/bitnami/apach
e2
Debian
httpd_conf=/opt/bitnami/apac
Ubuntu
he2/conf/httpd.conf
apachectl_path=/opt/bitnami/
apache2/bin/apachectl
Debian apply_cmd=/opt/bitnami/apach
e2/bin/apachectl graceful
Ubuntu
defines_file=/opt/bitnami/ap
ache2/bin/envvars
support key-based authentication? link_dir=/opt/bitnami/apache
2/conf/sites-enabled
mime_types=/opt/bitnami/apac
Connecting with an SSH client on he2/conf/mime.types
Windows access_conf=/opt/bitnami/apa
Connecting with an SSH client on che2/conf/access.conf

Linux and Mac OS X virt_file=/opt/bitnami/apach
e2/conf/sites-available
How to access a server using an SSH srm_conf=/opt/bitnami/apache
tunnel?
2/conf/srm.conf
Accessing a server using an SSH httpd_path=/opt/bitnami/apac
tunnel on Windows he2/bin/httpd
test_manual=0
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X show_list=0
auto_mods=1
What is the directory structure? test_apachectl=1
max_servers=100
show_order=0
How to obtain root privileges? test_always=0
show_names=0
test_config=1
47 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Similarly, create the configuration

file /etc/webmin/postgresql/config
for PostgreSQL (if you have it
installed) and fill it with the content
below:
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
Debian
Ubuntu


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?

tunnel on Windows

48 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
ctlscript.sh start postgresql
>/dev/null 2>&1
tlscript.sh stop postgresql >
Content
/dev/null 2>&1
How to enable the SSH server? psql=/opt/bitnami/postgresql
/bin/psql
Debian
dump_cmd=/opt/bitnami/postgr
Ubuntu
esql/bin/pg_dump
rstr_cmd=/opt/bitnami/postgr
esql/bin/pg_restore
Debian pid_file=/opt/bitnami/postgr
esql/data/postmaster.pid
Ubuntu
hba_conf=/opt/bitnami/postgr
esql/data/pg_hba.conf
support key-based authentication? simple_sched=0
sameunix=1
date_subs=0
Connecting with an SSH client on max_text=1000
Windows perpage=25
Connecting with an SSH client on plib=

Linux and Mac OS X nodbi=1
max_dbs=50
How to access a server using an SSH pass=
tunnel?
access=*: *
Accessing a server using an SSH webmin_subs=0
tunnel on Windows style=0
access_own=0
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X basedb=template1
login=postgres
What is the directory structure? add_mode=1
blob_mode=0

Browse to the Webmin application,
log in and click the "Refresh
Modules" button. You should now
49 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
see the "Apache Webserver",

"PostgreSQL Database Server" and
"MySQL Database Server" listed in
the "Servers" tab.
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
Debian (/images/img/platforms/common/install-
Ubuntu
webmin-3e43e15b.png)

support key-based authentication? How To Install
Connecting with an SSH client VirtualBox Guest
Additions On Bitnami
Windows Virtual Machines?
Connecting with an SSH client on To install VirtualBox Guest Additions,
Linux and Mac OS X follow these steps:
Stop the virtual machine.

tunnel? Edit the virtual machine settings and
from the "System" tab, add a new
CD-ROM device to the machine.
tunnel on Windows
Restart the virtual machine.
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X Check the current kernel version:
What is the directory structure? $ uname -a

Install some needed dependencies
as shown below. Remember to
replace the VERSION placeholder
with the kernel version from the
50 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
previous command. packages with

the proper kernel_version shown by
the previous command:
$ sudo apt-get -y install dkm
Content s build-essential linux-heade

rs-VERSION
Debian Restart the virtual machine:

Ubuntu
$ sudo reboot

From the virtual machine menu,
Debian
select the "Devices -> CD/DVD
Ubuntu Devices -> Choose a virtual
CD/DVD disk file" option. Select the
How to configure the SSH server to VBoxGuestAdditions.iso file. This
action simulates inserting a CD-
Connecting with an SSH client ROM that includes the tools.
Connecting with an SSH client on The VBoxGuestAdditions.iso file is

Windows usually located in the /usr/share
Connecting with an SSH client on /virtualbox/ directory on Linux, in the
Linux and Mac OS X C:\Program Files\Oracle\VirtualBox
directory on Windows and the
How to access a server using an SSH Contents/MacOS directory of the
tunnel? VirtualBox package on Mac OS X.
Accessing a server using an SSH Mount the CD-ROM and install the
tunnel on Windows
VirtualBox Guest Additions:
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X $ sudo mkdir /mnt/cdrom
$ sudo mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/
What is the directory structure? cdrom

$ cd /mnt/cdrom
$ sudo sh ./VBoxLinuxAddition
How to obtain root privileges? s.run --nox11
You can safely ignore the error
51 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
below if it appears during the

installation process:
Installing the Window System

drivers ...fail!
Content (Could not find the X.Org or

XFree86 Window System.)
Debian Once the process is complete,

Ubuntu check that the output resembles
that shown below. If it does, the
How to disable the SSH server? VirtualBox Guest Additions have
been successfully installed.
Debian
Ubuntu Verifying archive integrity.

.. All good.
How to configure the SSH server to Uncompressing VirtualBox 4.1
support key-based authentication? .22 Guest Additions for Linux
Connecting with an SSH client .........

VirtualBox Guest Additions i
nstaller
Windows
Removing existing VirtualBox
Connecting with an SSH client on DKMS kernel modules ...done.
Linux and Mac OS X
Removing existing VirtualBox
non-DKMS kernel modules ...do
ne.
tunnel?
Building the VirtualBox Gues
Accessing a server using an SSH t Additions kernel modules ..
tunnel on Windows
.done.
Accessing a server using an SSH Doing non-kernel setup of th
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X e Guest Additions ...done.

How To Use Bitnami
How to obtain root privileges? Stacks With Headless
VirtualBox?
52 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
NOTE: The steps below require the

VMDK version of the Bitnami virtual
machine.
Bitnami stacks can also be used with

Content VirtualBox running in headless mode. To
How to enable the SSH server? do this, follow the steps below on your
VirtualBox host:
Debian
Convert the VMDK file for the
Ubuntu
Bitnami stack into a VirtualBox Disk
Image (VDI) file:
Debian $ VBoxManage clonehd --format

VDI bitnami-APP-VERSION.vmdk
Ubuntu
myserver.vdi

support key-based authentication? Create and register a new virtual
machine.
Connecting with an SSH client on $ VBoxManage createvm --name

Windows "My Server" --ostype "Ubuntu_
64" --register
Linux and Mac OS X
It is important to choose the correct

How to access a server using an SSH operating system type when doing
tunnel?
this. For a complete list of available
Accessing a server using an SSH operating system types, use the
tunnel on Windows command below:
$ VBoxManage list ostypes
What is the directory structure? Add a storage device and attach the
VDI file created earlier to it.
53 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
$ VBoxManage storagectl "My S

erver" --name "SATA Controlle
r" --add sata --controller In
telAHCI
$ VBoxManage storageattach "M
Content
y Server" --storagectl "SATA
How to enable the SSH server? Controller" --port 0 --device
0 --type hdd --medium myserve
Debian
r.vdi
Ubuntu
Define other characteristics of the

virtual machine, such as the boot
Debian device, available RAM and network
Ubuntu interfaces. The commands below
are illustrative only and will need to
How to configure the SSH server to be modified for your specific
support key-based authentication? hardware devices. For more
Connecting with an SSH client information on how to configure

your virtual machine with
VBoxManage, please refer to the
Windows
VirtualBox manual.
Linux and Mac OS X $ VBoxManage modifyvm "My Ser
ver" --ioapic on
How to access a server using an SSH $ VBoxManage modifyvm "My Ser
tunnel?
ver" --boot1 disk --boot3 non
Accessing a server using an SSH e --boot4 none
tunnel on Windows $ VBoxManage modifyvm "My Ser
Accessing a server using an SSH ver" --memory 512 --vram 64

tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X $ VBoxManage modifyvm "My Ser
ver" --nic1 bridged --bridge
What is the directory structure? adapter1 "11b/g Wireless Adap
ter"

Start the virtual machine in
headless mode:
54 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
$ VBoxHeadless --startvm "My

Server"
The virtual machine will be accessible

Content using RDP. You can use any RDP viewer
to connect and work with the virtual
machine. For more information on
Debian available RDP viewers for your host
platform and how to connect, refer to the
Ubuntu
VirtualBox manual
(https://www.virtualbox.org/manual
/ch07.html#rdp-viewers).
Debian
Ubuntu TIP: When connecting to your

headless VirtualBox machine with an
How to configure the SSH server to RDP client, remember to use the IP
address of the host system and not
Connecting with an SSH client the VirtualBox machine.

Windows
Does Bitnami Collect
Linux and Mac OS X
Any Data From
Deployed Bitnami
How to access a server using an SSH Stacks?
tunnel?
Yes. Bitnami cloud images and virtual
Accessing a server using an SSH machines include a small agent that
tunnel on Windows
starts on boot and collects a few pieces of
Accessing a server using an SSH information about the system. For users
tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X of Bitnami Virtual Machine Images, Cloud
Templates, and Container Images we
What is the directory structure? may also collect information from
What is a Bitnami image? downloaded, pulled or deployed images
or instances, such as the instance type,
IP address and operating system version
or the Bitnami account used to launch the
image in order to improve our product
55 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
offerings.
We encourage you to leave this tracking

on, but if you would like to turn it off, you
can comment out or delete the following
Content line in the /etc/crontab file:

X * * * * bitnami cd /opt/bitnami/
Debian
stats && ./agent.bin --run -D
Ubuntu
(where X is a random number for each

instance generated at the boot time)
Debian
Our complete privacy policy
Ubuntu
(http://bitnami.com/privacy) is available
online. If you have any questions, please
support key-based authentication? feel free to contact us at
hello@bitnami.com
(mailto:hello@bitnami.com).
Windows
Connecting with an SSH client on What Does The SSH

Linux and Mac OS X Warning 'REMOTE
HOST
tunnel? IDENTIFICATION HAS
CHANGED' Mean?
tunnel on Windows This warning is normal when trying to
Accessing a server using an SSH connect to the same IP address but a

tunnel on Linux and Mac OS X different machine - for instance, when you
assign the same static IP address to
What is the directory structure? another server. You can fix the problem
by removing the IP address that you are
trying to connect to from your ~/.ssh
How to obtain root privileges? /known_hosts file.
If you use PuTTY, the SSH key mismatch
56 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
warning looks like the image below:
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
How to disable the SSH server? (/images/img/platforms/common/connect-

Debian ssh-windows-warning-1ca639a4.png)
Ubuntu
In this case, click "Yes" if you know the
reason for the key mismatch (IP address
reassigned to another server, machine
replaced, and so on).

Windows How To Improve Server
Connecting with an SSH client on Performance?
Linux and Mac OS X
Consider the following tips to improve the
performance of your server.
tunnel? Enable the Apache PageSpeed
module (/virtual-machine
tunnel on Windows
/components/pagespeed) or the
Varnish web application accelerator
(/virtual-machine/components
/varnish) if not already enabled.
What is the directory structure? Consider installing the APCu,

XCache, memcached or
eAccelerator modules (/virtual-
How to obtain root privileges? machine/components/php) to cache
and optimize your PHP applications.
Use the mysqltuner script (/virtual-
57 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
machine/components/mysql#how-
to-install-and-run-mysqltuner) to
check and optimize your MySQL or
MariaDB database server
configuration.
Content If you are experiencing bot attacks
How to enable the SSH server? that are affecting your server, use
the Apache configuration file to filter
Debian
out and deny requests by specified
Ubuntu IP address (/virtual-machine
/components/apache#how-to-deny-
How to disable the SSH server? connections-from-botsattackers).
Debian
Ubuntu

Bitnami Documentation
FAQsConnecting with an SSH client on

Windows
How to find application credentials? (/general/faq#find_credentials)
How toConnecting
connect to with an SSHthrough
the server client onSSH? (/general/faq#connect_ssh)
Linux and Mac OS X
How to upload files to the server with SFTP? (/general/faq#upload_files)
How to open the server ports for remote access? (/general/faq#open_firewall)
How
How to
to configure your application
access a server to use a third-party SMTP service for outgoing email? (/general
using an SSH
/faq#use_external_smtp_title)
tunnel?
How to block a suspicious IP address? (/general/faq#block_suspicious_ip)
tunnel on Windows
Platform Documentation
Accessing
Google Cloud aPlatform
server using an SSH
(/google)
AWS tunnel
Cloudon(/aws)
Linux and Mac OS X
Oracle Cloud Platform (/oracle)
What is the
Microsoft directory
Azure structure?
(/azure)
Bitnami Cloud Hosting (/bch)
CenturyLink Cloud (/centurylink)
1&1
HowCloud Platform
to obtain (/1and1)
root privileges?
GoDaddy Cloud (/godaddy)
Huawei Enterprise Cloud (/huawei)
Open Telekom Cloud (/opentelekomcloud)
58 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Installers (/installer)
Virtual Machines (/virtual-machine)
Containers (/containers)
Kubernetes (/kubernetes)
General Documentation
Content
Bitnami Application Stacks (/general/apps)
Bitnami
How to Infrastructure Stacks
enable the SSH (/general/infrastructure)
server?
How-To Guides (/general/how-to)
Debian
Bitnami Components (/general/components)
Security Notices (/general/security)
Ubuntu
Bitnami 2017
Debian
Ubuntu
Apps
How to configure
Applications the SSH server to
(https://bitnami.com/stacks)
support(https://bitnami.com/addons)
Add-ons key-based authentication?
Vote! (https://bitnami.com/contest)
What we Connecting
do with an SSH client on
Windows
Cloud Hosting (https://bitnami.com/cloud)
Pricing (https://bitnami.com/cloud/pricing)
Enterprise (https://bitnami.com/enterprise)
Linux and Mac OS X
Cloud Partners (https://bitnami.com/partners/cloud)
Software Partners (https://bitnami.com/partners/software)
Customers (https://bitnami.com/cloud/customers-testimonials)
tunnel?
FAQs (https://bitnami.com/cloud/pricing#faqs)
Who we are on Windows
tunnel
AboutAccessing
(https://bitnami.com/about-us)
a server using an SSH
Contact (https://bitnami.com/contact)
Careers (https://bitnami.com/careers)
What's New? (https://bitnami.com/news)
Press (https://bitnami.com/news/press)
Blog (http://blog.bitnami.com)
Legal (https://bitnami.com/legal)
Support
Documentation (https://bitnami.com/support)
59 de 60 19/8/17 10:26
Forums (https://community.bitnami.com)
Helpdesk (http://helpdesk.bitnami.com)
Webinars (https://bitnami.com/webinars)
Content
Debian
Ubuntu
Debian
Ubuntu


Windows

Linux and Mac OS X

tunnel?

tunnel on Windows

60 de 60 19/8/17 10:26

Bitnami - Frequently Asked Questions For Virtual Machines

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Bitnami - Frequently Asked Questions For Virtual Machines

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Frequently Asked Questions for Virtual Machines https://docs.bitnami.

Content Bitnami Documentation Pages (/) >

How to configure the SSH server to

What is the directory structure? $ sudo rm -f /etc/ssh/sshd_not_to_

Content How To Disable The

$ sudo systemctl stop ssh

Connecting with an SSH client

How to access a server using an SSH

NOTE: The steps in this section

To configure the SSH server to support

key-based authentication, follow these

Log in to the server console as the

Content Create a key pair, consisting of a

Debian Enter file in which to save

Accessing a server using an SSH X:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX bitnami@l

Accessing a server using an SSH

How to obtain root privileges? id_rsa to a secure location. Do not

Transfer the contents of the public

key file to the /home/bitnami

How to enable the SSH server?

Ubuntu In the same file, disable basic

Connecting with an SSH client ion no

Connecting with an SSH client on

How to access a server using an SSH

What is the directory structure? Connecting With An SSH Client

How to configure the SSH server to Extract the contents to a folder

Connecting with an SSH client on Step 2: Configure PuTTY

What is a Bitnami image?

How to obtain root privileges?

How to configure the SSH server to

Connecting with an SSH client

Connecting with an SSH client on

Connecting with an SSH client on

How to access a server using an SSH (/images/img/platforms

Accessing a server using an SSH windows-username-

Accessing a server using an SSH

What is the directory structure? configuration.

How to disable the SSH server? (/images/img/platforms/common

Connecting with an SSH client (learn more).

Connecting with an SSH client on

Connecting with an SSH client on

How to access a server using an SSH

Accessing a server using an SSH

Accessing a server using an SSH

What is the directory structure? Enter the SSH password when

You should now be logged in to your

How to disable the SSH server?

How to configure the SSH server to

What is the directory structure?

How to obtain root privileges? hostname of your server.

Your SSH client might ask you to

add it to the cache before

How to configure the SSH server to

Connecting with an SSH client

Connecting with an SSH client on

How to access a server using an SSH

Depending on your operating system,

follow these instructions to create an SSH

IMPORTANT: Before following the

Debian Accessing A Server Using An

Connecting with an SSH client PuTTY

How to access a server using an SSH must have it configured. Please,

What is the directory structure?