HFSS v11 .

MODELING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. Snap
7. Snap
8. / /
9. /
10. /
11.
12.
13. Grid
14. Measure
15.
16.
17. Radiation Box
18. Bonding Wire
19. Helical
20.
21.
22.
23.
24. History
25. Model Analysis -Healing
26. Script /

MESH
27. Manual Mesh
28. Mesh
29. Skin Depth
39. Mesh
31. Aspect Ratio ?
32.
33. Mesh
34. Mesh
PORT
35. Wave Port
36. Integration Line
37. Zpv, Zpi, Zvi
38. Renormalize
39. Lumped Port
40. Floquet Port
41. Incident Wave
42. Field source (SIwave , HFSS)
43. Voltage / Current
44. Magnetic Bias/Ferrite
45. Microstrip Port
46. Stripline Port
47. CPW Port
48. Differential line Port
49. Port
50. Port
51. De-embed
52.
53.
54.

BOUNDARY
55. Boundary Condition ?
56. Perfect E
57. Perfect H
58. Finite Conductivity
59. Impedance
60. Layered Impedance
61. Radiation
62. Symmetry
63. Master / Slave
64. Lumped RLC
65. Screening Impedance
66. PML
67. PML Radiation
68. 2D
69.
ANALYSIS
70. Driven Modal & Driven Terminal
71. Eigenmode
72. Solution Frequency
73. Maximum Pass Delta S
74. S
75. Convergence: Mesh
76. Discrete Sweep
77. Fast Sweep
78. Interpolating Sweep
79.
80. DC /
81. Multi-Processor
82.

OPTIMETRICS
83.
84. Parametric
85. Parameter Sweep (DSO)
86. Optimization
87. Sensitivity & Statistical
88. Tuning
89. Designer

ANALYSIS
90.
91. Report Template
92. S
93. SPICE
94. Sweep Data
95. Output Variable
96. Y L
97. Port Field
98. field
99. mode field
100. field calculator
 Ansoft HFSS
100 Tips Quick Manual.

HFSS

Tip
100 .

HFSS 200%
.
Help
Tips & Solution
~
1 MODELING

Menu: 3D Modeler Unit

mm ,
mil inch
. Unit
,
.

,

.
( inch mm ?
1 inch 2.64 mm )

mm mil ,


.

mm mil
,
Mesh .

,

.

Rescale to new units

,
.(
1 inch 1 mm)


MODELING
2

Keyboard : Shift , Alt, Ctrl & Mouse

Shift + Mouse : PAN ( )

Alt + Mouse : Rotate ( )
Alt + Shift + Mouse : Zoom ( )
,

Ctrl + D : Fit All ( )

Shift + Mouse Alt + Mouse

Mouse Up

Mouse Down

Shift + Alt + Mouse Ctrl + D

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3 MODELING

Menu: Alt + Mouse

!!

Default

MODELING
4

Object Property Transparent

default 0

.
?
?
(Property) (Transparent)

~ .
?
..?

, Display Wireframe Check
.
, Tools Options Modeler Options Display Default
Transparent . ()

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5 MODELING

Menu: View Active View Visibility

,
, .

Visibility
.

Radiation Box

..

Radiation
.
, .
 Snap
MODELING
6
/
Menu: Tools Options Modeler Options Drawing

Drawing tool , HFSS 3D

modeler
Snap .
Snap
,, ,

.

Snap Mode ,
Snap On/Off
.
Grid : Snapping
Vertex : Snapping
Edge Center : / Snapping
Face Center : Snapping
Quadrant : 90 Snapping
Arc Center : Snapping

Grid Snap , View Grid Setting Grid .

Snap mode , Tools Customize
 Snap mode .(default )

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7 MODELING

Snap

Snap
Drawing Ctrl + x, y, z

, ~~
.
,

.

~ ,
! .

1. .
2. Ctrl .
 Ctrl , .
Ctrl .
3. x, y, z
.
4. ,

X Y Z

;;
. ~ ! .
 //
MODELING
8
/ / /
V, F, E, O, M( )

,,

.
V : Vertex ()
F : Face ()
E : Edge ()
O : Object (3D )
M : 4

!!!

V E

F O

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9 MODELING

Object Drawing Property Position & X / Y / Z Size

.
,

(Properties) .

Position
.


.

.
 /
MODELING
10

Menu: Edit Arrange / Duplicate

, /
.


. /
, ( )
.

/ !

1. 2. Move/Duplicate , 3.
. .
. .

, (Arrange Move) (Duplicate) , / ,

, ,
.
, 3
.

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11 MODELING

3
Menu: Modeler Boolean

Unite :
Subtract :
Intersect :
Split :

Subtract

Unite Intersect

Unite , .
Subtract , , Blank Parts ,
Tool Parts . , Tool()
.
Split .

MODELING
12

Menu: Edit Copy Image

,
Edit
copy Image ,



.
,
Ctrl+V .

Copy image
.

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13 MODELING

Grid

Presentation !
Menu: View Coordinate System & Grid Settings

, .
?

1. View Coordinate System

Hide
.

2. View Grid Settings Grid Visible

Grid
.

Grid
 Measure
MODELING
14
, , ?
Menu: Modeler Measure

Position:
Edge :
Face :
Object :

Position Edge Face Object

X, Y, Z
.

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15 MODELING

?
Menu: Draw Line & Sweep

, , 3D
. Line Sweep
.

1. Draw Line 2. ,
. 2D .

3. , Draw Sweep 4. . (-_-;)

along Vector Line Sweep 3D
Vector . .

Draw Equation Based Surface

! .

sin(u) + cos(v)

MODELING
16

Menu: Modeler Fillet / Chamfer

Modeler
.

1.  E Edge
,
2.  Fillet
( ) Chamfer ( )

3. .

Fillet

Chamfer

* Fillet Setback Distance

,
Setback
.

Setback = 0mm Setback= 0.7mm Setback = 0.9mm

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17 MODELING

Radiation Box

,
Menu: Draw Region

,
.
, Radiation Box
,
Radiation Box
.
V11 Region
,
Box .

Region

Box

Region

.

+/- %
Box .(
)

 Radiation , Box
. Radiation Perfect-E shield Box
.
 Bonding Wire
MODELING
18

Menu: Draw Bondwire

HFSS .

3. 1. PAD .

2. .

4.

5.

default 6 , .
JEDEC 4-point wire
JEDEC 5-point wire
HFSS JEDEC 4
5 2
.

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19 MODELING

Helical

Helical !
Menu: Draw Helix

3D
.
.
HFSS Draw Spiral Helical
,
.

3. H
 elix pitch ( ) turns ( )
. Helix ,
.

MODELING
20

Object Property Model Check

,
. ,
..
, Model Non-Model
. Non-model .

..

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21 MODELING

Design
.
,

Global .
Global $
,
.

.
, Global !

MODELING
22

Menu: HFSS Design Property

Design Property Add

.


.

+,-,*,/,%,**()
a
 bs, acos, asin, atan, atan2, ceil, cos, cosh, deg, dset, exp, floor, if, ln log, pow, pwlx, pwly, rad, rand, sign, sin,
sinh, sqrt, tan, tanh

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23 MODELING

Object Property Assign Material Add Materials
Set Frequency Dependency

/ ,
, (Set Frequency
Dependency) .

,
4
Tips&Solutions Help file
.

Fast Sweep .
Port .
History
MODELING
24
*.hfss ?
Menu: Modeler Purge History

HFSS
Drawing History .

,
History hfss
.
History ,
, History hfss
.

~~

hfss : 11MB hfss : 2.2MB

Purge History Modeler Tree

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25 MODELING

Model Analysis -Healing

Import 3D
Menu: Modeler Model Analysis

CAD tool 3D Import

, HFSS
.
Model Analysis CAD 3D
.
, History Import
.

Model Analysis
Analyze Object : edge
Analyze InterObject Misalignment :
Heal : Analyze
Show Analysis Dialog : Analyze
Align Faces : 2
Remove Faces :
Remove Edges :
Last simulation mesh :

 Model Analysis ,
Tips&Solution Help .
 Script /
MODELING
26
Script
Menu: Tools Run Script & Record Script

VB Script HFSS

Script , HFSS VB
.
HFSS VB Script
Box Script
Script
Port Assign Script
Boundary Assign Script
Simulation Setup Script
Sweep Script

VB Scripting

.

1.  model .hfss


Script .

2. Script Wizard
Script , VB6
GUI Wizard .
, Ansoft tool
Script .
Help .

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27 MESH

Manual Mesh

Mesh
Menu: HFSS Mesh Operations Assign On / Inside Selection

HFSS Adaptive Mesh

, Mesh
.

On Selection
Mesh , Mesh 1 .
Inside Selection
Mesh , Mesh 1 .

Length of Elements
Mesh 1

Number of Elements
Mesh
 Mesh
MESH
28
Mesh Data Plot ?
Menu: HFSS Fields Plot Mesh

mesh , mesh
Fields Plot Mesh
. , HFSS Mesh
field Project Tree Field Overlay
.

MeshPlots
Modify Attributes Mesh plot
.

Mesh , Project tree

Field Overlays MeshPlots Mesh*
Plot Visibility
. ( ;)

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29 MESH

Skin Depth

?
Metal Object Property Solve Inside

Skin Effect :

HFSS , default . , PEC

1e5 S/m HFSS Solve Inside
mesh .
Solve Inside
.

 5 , 3D 2D ,
. (!)

 2 , ,
Solve Inside , Manual mesh mesh
. (Adaptive mesh mesh )
 Mesh
MESH
30
Solve Inside Mesh ?
Metal Object Property Solve Inside

Metal Solve Inside , Mesh

. ?

 Manual Mesh
 Solve Inside , Manual Mesh
.

Adaptive Mesh

Manual Mesh

Mesh .

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31 MESH

Aspect Ratio ?

Manual Mesh Aspect Ratio ?

Menu: HFSS Mesh Operations Assign Surface Approximation

Aspect Ratio, /
.
Aspect Ratio
, Aspect Ratio
~ . (?)
HFSS FEM
Mesh , Mesh Aspect Ratio
. mesh
. Mesh
.
Manual Mesh Aspect Ratio
, Adaptive Mesh
Aspect Ratio
.

a
b

Aspect Ratio = a / b

Mesh 1:10000 , Aspect

Ratio . Manual Mesh Aspect
Ratio , .

3D ,
2D .

MESH
32
mesh ?
Menu: HFSS Mesh Operations Assign Surface Approximation

HFSS
~ ,

.
HFSS Default 22.5, 16
.
Application 16
, ,
.
Mesh
Surface Approximation
.

normal deviation

Application
(Bonding Wire Via )

45~ 90 (4 8) .
/
22.5~ 30 (16 12)

10~ 15 (36 24) .

5~ 15 (72 24), .

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33 MESH

Mesh

Mesh Mesh
Menu: HFSS Mesh Operations Assign Model Resolution

Model Resolution, mesh

. ,
mesh ,

.

Model Resolution

Adaptive mesh, Model Resolution 0.2mm

0.1mm
. mesh . mesh .

Model Resolution ,
, .
mesh
.
 Mesh
MESH
34
Adaptive Pass Mesh
Project Tree Analysis Setup
Properties Options

Adaptive Mesh , pass mesh Mesh

. pass pass mesh Solution Setup Options
, default 20% .

 initial mesh , 10% mesh

. adaptive pass mesh
.

 initial mesh , initial mesh

mesh . 20% pass
, 100% mesh
.

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35 PORT

Wave Port

Wave Port
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave Port

Wave Port Port

Mode
.

Wave Port

RF Port .
Port.
, Port .
Wave Port ,
( ) .
 , Driven Modal Wave Port Port
Port .
Port , Port
.
Wave Port PEC() .
 Integration Line
PORT
36
Wave Port Integration Line
Wave Port Property Modes

Wave Port , Integration Line .

Integration Line , Line ,
Port Impedance .

Wave Port

V = E dl
l

HFSS Port impedance Zpi, Zpv, Zvi 3

.

P V V
Zpi = Zpv = Zvi = Zpi Zpv
I I P
Integration Line Zpi impedance ,

I = H ds
, (H) , Port
s P Impedance Zpi .

Zpi impedance , Port Impedance

Application impedance Line Zpv Zpi
. ( )

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37 PORT

Zpv, Zpi, Zvi

Port Impedance ?
Wave Port Property Modes

Wave Port Impedance Line , Impedance 3 ,

3 . Port
.

V V
Zpv = Slot Line
P
CPW (no GND)

P
Zpi =
I I
Microstrip

Zvi = Zpi Zpv , Zvi .

 Renormalize
PORT
38
S
Wave Port Property Post Processing

Renormalize ?
HFSS Wave Port, Port Impedance Line Zpi Port
Port Impedance (normalize) . S
, 50 Plot 50 Renormalize
.

Do Not Renormalize

Wave Port impedance
S-parameter

Renormalize All Modes

,
impedance
S-parameter

Renormalize Specific Modes

impedance
S-parameter

renormalize
impedance
.

Renormalize Post-Processing, renormalize

.

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39 PORT

Lumped Port

Lumped Port
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Lumped Port

Lumped Port Wave Port HFSS

Port.
Wave Port RF, Port
, Lumped Port

.

Pad (Power) Pad

GND Pad

Pad GND Pad

.
Lumped Port ! Signal Pad

Lumped Port

Signal 2D Lumped Port

GND 2D
. .

Lumped Port Impedance Wave Port , Impedance

. Driven Modal Driven Terminal Port .
TEM Wave Port , TE/TM Lumped
Port .
 Floquet Port
PORT
40
Floquet Port
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Floquet Port

Floquet Port,
HFSS v11 Port.
Port
.

Floquet Port ?

FSS Cell
Master/Slave , PML Port
.

Master/Slave , Wave Port

, .

Port PML ,
S .
S .

Floquet Port Master/Slave Port ,

S .

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41 PORT

Incident Wave

Incident Wave
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Incident Wave

Incident Wave,
Source . Port ,
,
Source , Wave
.

: RCS , , FSS .
.

Incident Wave
Plane Wave Incident Wave
Hertzian-Dipole Wave
Cylindrical Wave Help Tips&Solutions
Gaussian Beam
Linear Antenna Wave
~
Far Field Wave
Near Field Wave
 Field source (SIwave, HFSS)
PORT
42
HFSS/SIwave field data
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Incident Wave Near Field Wave

HFSS, HFSS Field data SIwave PCB Field data import

Near Field Source .

Incident Wave Near Field Source Dynamic Link , Source

Source HFSS/SIwave
. .

SIwave PCB Field data

HFSS Case
Radiation
HFSS Antenna
Field data (small)

HFSS (big)

Dynamic Link .

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43 PORT

Voltage/Current

HFSS Voltage & Current

Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Voltage / Current

Port , Electromagnetic wave

HFSS Port. Port Terminal .

, Lumped Port ,
. Lumped Port Wave Port , /
, Voltage/Current / .

Voltage/Current S , Driven Terminal

terminal /
.

Voltage source
Voltage ,
. ,
E
.

Current source
Current ,
.
,
.
Magnetic Bias/Ferrite
PORT
44
Ferrite Magnetic Bias
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Magnetic Bias

Magnetic Bias Ferrite

. Ferrite
Circulator/Isolator

,

. Ferrite Circulator

Ferrite ,
.
Magnetic Dipole
.

Ferrite Magnetic Bias Uniform

, Ferrite
Vector .

Non-Uniform ,
S/W Ansoft Maxwell Ferrite
Link
.
(Non-Uniform Maxwell )

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45 PORT

Microstrip Port

Wave Port Microstrip Port ?

Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave Port

Microstrip Port .

5w x 2 + w 3h x 2 + w

5 w 3h
5~10h
w

(bad) (bad)

- Port GND .

B
 Stripline Port
PORT
46
Wave Port Stripline Port ?
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave Port

Stripline Port .

8w 3h~4h

wh
w
3.5w
h
wh
1.5h~2h

Stripline Port .

wh
w 3.5w

h
wh
1.5h~2h

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47 PORT

CPW Port

Wave Port CPW Port ?

Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave Port

CPW GND , Port

.

- GND
3(2g+w)

2g+w
w
4~10h
g
h
..

- GND
3(2g+w)

4~10h 2g+w
w

g
h
 Differential line Port
PORT
48
Differential line Port ?
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave / Lumped Port

1. Wave Port Driven Terminal

HFSS Excitations Differential Pair Pair
differential/Common
impedance
Wave Port

2. Lumped Port
Driven Modal / Terminal
Lumped Port
 , Single Ended
Common mode .

3. 4 Port
Driven Modal / Terminal
Wave Port / Lumped Port
 Report Output Variable
.( Help
)
Lumped port  port ,
Designer Export
.
Wave port

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49 PORT

Port

(Coaxial Line) Port

Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave Port

Port Wave Port

,
,
Port .

, Wave Port .
Port . (, No!)
 Port
PORT
50
Port ?
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave Port

Wave Port .
1. (Rectangular Waveguide)
TE10, TE20, TE01
, Integration Line

. ,

E field Integration Line
.

2. (Circular Waveguide)
,
Integration Line .
, Port
Port
. TE11
Integration
Line .

Integration
Line , Impedance Zpi
.

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51 PORT

De-embed

S
Wave Port Property Post Processing

 S
.

Post Processing
,
HFSS
.

De-Embed
.

Distance + Distance -


PORT
52
Driven Terminal Trace Port
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave Port

Solution Type Driven Terminal , Wave Port

Port .

Signal line GND

OK

Port
.

Trace

.

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53 PORT

Wave Port ?
Menu: HFSS Excitations Assign Wave Port

, Lumped Port
. Wave Port, Port

.
,
Wave Port Trick
.

Wave Port
,

.

Port PEC , Wave

Port
Wave Port .
"CAP" .

 Trick Wave Port

, " "
. Skin Effect PEC(
) .

PORT
54
?
Wave Port Property Modes

''
.
. ,
,
, .

(mode) .

, TEM (
), TE TM
.

, ..
HFSS
.

Wave Port
, .
.

,
. S ,
.

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55 BOUNDARY

Boundary Condition ?

Boundary Condition()
Menu: HFSS Boundaries

Boundary Condition ,
. , 3
.

1, 2D
3D , 2D
. 2D sheet
, .

2.
 ,
. 2D ,
.

3.
 Radiation PML .
, .

Electromagnetic Simulation Boundary Condition .

.

HFSS
Perfect E
Perfect H
Finite Conductivity
Impedance
Layered Impedance
Radiation
Symmetry
Master & Slave ( )
PML (Perfect Matched Layer)
Lumped RLC
Screening Impedance boundary
 BOUNDARY

Perfect E 56
Perfect E :
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Perfect E

Perfect E .
PE (Perfect E )

, .
Perfect Electric Conductor ,
.
,
.

1 2 3

1.  GND 2D PE ,
.

2.
 GND , , GND
GND . GND
2D , PE .

3.  GND , GND
. ,
PE .

HFSS , PE .

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57 BOUNDARY

Perfect H

Perfect H :
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Perfect H

HFSS
.
PH (Perfect H ) PE
, PE
.
PE E H
,
.

PH , . ,
, 2D 2D
PH
.

Perfect H

2D PE 2D
PH

 , PH Symmetry
. ( .. _)
 Finite Conductivity
BOUNDARY
58
2D
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Finite Conductivity

Perfect E ,
.
,
.
2D

. PE
,
Loss .
,
HFSS factor
.

(conductivity)
(Permeability)
.

Use Material ,
DB
.

Infinite Ground Plane

, GND
.

 ,
.

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59 BOUNDARY

Impedanc

2D Impedance
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Impedance

impedance ,
Finite Conductivity , Impedance Surface
.

Finite Conductivity Skin depth

, Impedance R+jX .

Z = R + j X

 , impedance
377 termination .
 Radiation PML , Impedance
, .
 Layered Impedance
BOUNDARY
60
2D
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Layered Impedance

Impedance
, Surface
Roughness ( )
2D
.

Layered Impedance , Surface

Roughness ,
.

2D
.

,
! . Internal , 0
,
Calculate ,
Impedance . ,
2D .

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61 BOUNDARY

Radiation

/
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Radiation

HFSS
,

, Radiation
.
 ,
90
.
 ,
/4 . ,
.
 Air Vacuum
.

Radiation Advance Options

Radiating Only : Radiation
Incident Field : Dynamic Link ,
field source field

Enforced Field : Dynamic Link ,
field source field

,
Radiation Box ,

.

Radiation Box ,
Manual mesh
.
 BOUNDARY

Symmetry 62

Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Symmetry

,
1/2 1/4
.

Perfect E
Perfect H

Impedance Multiplier
.

Port Impedance 2
, Impedance Multiplier 0.5
.

L 2L L
=2
C C/2 C

1/4 type, Perfect H 1/8 type, Perfect H

Impedance Multiplier : x4 Impedance Multiplier : x8

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63 BOUNDARY

Master/Slave

Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Master / Slave

FSS
,

.

unit ,
.

.

Master

Slave
Unit

 Unit Cell Master Slave

.
.
 u/v local
.
 ,
phase array .

 Master / Slave Floquet Port ,

, Help Tips&Solutions .
 BOUNDARY

Lumped RLC 64
3D R / L / C
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Lumped RLC

3 RLC component ,
RLC
.

R,L,C
,

.

,
Current Vector
.

www.ansoft.co.kr
65 BOUNDARY

Screening Impedance

FSS
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign Screening Impedance

HFSS v11 .
FSS (Frequency Selective Surface)
,
FSS Screening
Impedance
.

FSS
, FSS
Screening Impedance Link
.

Anisotropic

Impedance FSS
HFSS Link
.
 BOUNDARY

PML 66
Radiation Upgrade, PML(Perfect Matched Layer)
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign PML Wizard

-
PML
, Radiation

.
HFSS PML PML
wizard .

Radiation PML ,
. PML

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67 BOUNDARY

PML Radiation

PML Radiation
Menu: HFSS Boundaries Assign

Termination Radiation

Radiation ,
. PML .

Radiation /4 , PML /10
. , Far Field PML /4 .

Radiation , PML .
PML . ( )

.
Radiation , ,
.
PML ,
/ (Termination) .
, .
 2D
BOUNDARY
68
2D
: ?

, 10:1
> 10
, 3D 2D
1 .

, Mesh
. 2D
3D 2D
.

5
, 2D 3D 5:1 .
5 2D , 3D
. , 5:1 , Skin
effect Solve Inside mesh
.
2

1 2:1 , 3D .
Solve Inside .

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69 BOUNDARY

?
Menu: HFSS Boundaries

. HFSS
.

Project Tree Boundaries

Reprioritize ,
Priority
.
,
.

P
 ort Port
.


,

.
Driven Modal & Driven Terminal
ANALYSIS
70
Soution Type
Menu: HFSS Solution Type

Solution Type
.

Driven Modal Type

, Port
. HFSS
, Wave Port
Port .
Application
- Driven Modal
- Solution
- /RF

Driven Terminal Type

, RF
. Lumped Port ,
Terminal .
Application
- Port Terminal
-
- Full Wave Spice

 , Solution Type
.
 , Lumped Port Driven
Terminal , Wave Port Driven Modal .

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71 ANALYSIS

Eigenmode

Menu: HFSS Solution Type Eigen mode

Eigenmode ,

.

,

.

Eigenmode Solution Setup

.

Eigenmode

(
) .

Eigenmode .
 Solution Frequency
ANALYSIS
72
Mesh ?
Menu: HFSS Analysis Setup Add Solution Setup

Solution Frequency Adaptive Mesh

. Solution Frequency Sweep Type
.

Discrete Sweep & Interpolating Sweep

 .

 , .

Fast Sweep
 Fast Sweep.. Solution Frequency
 Solution Frequency .

 Mesh .
Discrete Interpolating Sweep , Solution Frequency
. Solution Frequency
.

.
 S Delta S Mesh
. Solution Frequency ,
Manual Mesh .

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73 ANALYSIS

Maximum Pass Delta S

Adaptive Mesh
Menu: HFSS Analysis Setup Add Solution Setup

HFSS Adaptive Mesh .

1.  Base Mesh , Solution Frequency
Mesh Initial Mesh .
2. Initial Mesh S .
3.  Mesh mesh S .
(1 pass)
4.  pass S Delta S 3
mesh , pass .
5. Delta S S pass .

Delta S

 Delta S 0.02 , Mesh
S
. Delta S .
S
 S 0.1 ~ 0.9 , Delta S = 0.02

Mesh .

 , Delta S
pass .
 S
ANALYSIS
74

Menu: HFSS Analysis Setup Add Solution Setup Set Magnitude and Phase

HFSS Adaptive Mesh S (magnitude) Mesh

.

, Adaptive mesh
.

Solution Setup Use Matrix Convergence "Set Magnitude and Phase" ,

Delta S Magnitude Phase .

,
.

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www.ansoft.co.kr
75 ANALYSIS

Convergence: Mesh

Mesh :
Project Tree Analysis Setup Convergence

mesh Delta S

Adaptive Mesh , Mesh

.
Analysis Setup Convergence, Delta S , pass
mesh . Convergence
, .

Convergence Delta S mesh

HFSS .

Mesh Delta S
Plot .
 Discrete Sweep
ANALYSIS
76
Sweep
Menu: HFSS Analysis Setup Add Frequency Sweep

100 , 100
Sweep . Point .
, .

Sweep Type
Discrete
Fast
Interpolating

Sweep

Fast Interpolating Sweep ,

.

Linear Step Linear Count Log Scale Single Point

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77 ANALYSIS

Fast Sweep

Sweep
Menu: HFSS Analysis Setup Add Frequency Sweep

, Discrete Sweep
mesh
.

,
.

Fast Sweep , field plot

. (Interpolating sweep .)

Solution Frequency , Solution Frequency ,

.

 ,
.

Fast Sweep .

Discrete Sweep Fast Sweep

S
S
 Interpolating Sweep
ANALYSIS
78
Sweep
Menu: HFSS Analysis Setup Add Frequency Sweep

,
Interpolating
.
Error Tolerance .

Field Data ,
Sweep
.

n= n=
s
s 3 5 s
,2
s
,2
,1
,1 s s
,3 ,4
f0 f f0 fnew f2 f4 f3 f
f2 fnew f1 f1
1 1
es ,max = es , 2 , f new = ( f 2 + f1 ) es ,max = es ,1 , f new = ( f0 + f2 )
2 2
S11 (dB)

Interpolating Sweep
default
.

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79 ANALYSIS

Mesh
Menu: HFSS Analysis Setup Add Solution Setup Options Solution Options

, lamda
mesh .
mesh
,

.

Basis Function Order

Lambda Refinement
Second Order : 0.667
First Order 0.3333
Zero Order 0.1
?

mesh ,
Basis Function

"Low Order Basis"

Order of Basis Functions
Zero Order .

First order
3~10
1/3
 DC/
ANALYSIS
80

Menu: HFSS Analysis Setup Add Frequency Sweep

HFSS , S DC
. DC
.

Sweep , DC Extrapolation Options

.

 Fast sweep Interpolating sweep ,

Discrete sweep .

Full wave SPICE .

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81 ANALYSIS

Multi-Processor

Core CPU ?
Menu: Tools Options HFSS Options Solver

Multi Processor PC ,
Application CPU
. (Dual
core / Quad core )

HFSS Options CPU

CPU
.

*  HFSS Multi-Process
.

* HFSS Options , Application

.

* HFSS Priority() .

ANALYSIS
82

Format Batch File .

Batch Process?

/ .
Parameter Sweep

,
.

Batch file
[HFSS]\hfss - BatchSolve <> [ ]

< >
[] setup
[] : Nominal Optimetrics
[] : Optimetrics Optimetrics setup
[] : Nominal : [SetupName] setup
[] : Optimetrics : [SetupName] Optimetrics setup
.bat ,

c:\ansoft\hfss - BatchSolve d:\library\babo.hfss

babo
c:\ansoft\hfss - BatchSolve Design1:Nominal:Setup1 d:\library\chunchi.hfss
chunchi Design1 Setup1
c:\ansoft\hfss - BatchSolve Design3:Optimetrics d:\library\sleepy.hfss
sleepy Design1 Optimetrics

: . .
Help Tips & Solutions .

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83 OPTIMETRICS

/
Project Tree Design Design Properties

Optimetrics //
parameter sweep

.

Optimetrics

.
(Optimization, Tuning, Sensitivity, Statistics
.)

, Optimetrics ,
.
Optimetrics .
 OPTIMETRICS

Parametric 84
Sweep
Menu: HFSS Optimetrics Analysis Add Parametric

Parametric, Sweep .
, HFSS Optimetrics Parametric
.

Sweep Add .

Project Tree PrametricSetup

Analyze .
.

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85 OPTIMETRICS

Parameter Sweep (DSO)

Parameter Sweep
Project Tree Optimetrics Parametric Setup Distribute Analysis

Optimetrics Parameter Sweep step

.( DSO
.)

! DSO sweep ,
,

.
,
sweep
.

DSO .
 OPTIMETRICS

Optimization 86
:
Menu: HFSS Optimetrics Analysis Add Optimization

, .

:
S11 dB
: -10 .

S

1.
Quasi Newton
Pattern Search
SNLP 3. 
Integer SNLP
Generic

2. 

 .
Tips&Solutions .

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87 OPTIMETRICS

Sensitivity & Statistical

/
Menu: HFSS Optimetrics Analysis Add Sensitivity / Add Statistical

Sensitivity Analysis Statistical Analysis ,

HFSS . function ,
analysis , .

Sensitivity Analysis ( )
Sensitivity ,

Tolerance Simulation
.

5%
,
? .

Statistical Analysis ( )

Statistical Analysis, ,

.

spec
, Yield
()
.
 OPTIMETRICS

Tuning 88

Menu: HFSS Optimetrics Analysis Tune

Tuning ,
.

Tool , HFSS
3D tool
.

.
Tuning
.

Real Time

,
Tune
.

HFSS
Real Time
Real Time Update
.

Bar
.(Real Time )

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89 OPTIMETRICS

Designer

HFSS 100 !
Designer Menu insert HFSS Design

Ansoft / Designer HFSS , SnP S

import .

Designer HFSS HFSS ,

parametric Link . HFSS Parameter
sweep , .

HFSS Link

.

HFSS

Port1
LumpPort1:1

Designer Parametric Sweep data

Designer + HFSS Simulation

HFSS Parametric HFSS Designer ,

Designer Interpolating , Designer
HFSS .
10 , HFSS .

RESULT
90

Menu: Result 2D Accumulate

,
.
Accumulate ,
.

Accumulate ,
.

sweep1
.
Ansoft Corporation XY Plot 4 HFSSModel1
Ansoft Corporation XY Plot 4 HFSSModel1
-15.00
-20.00

-20.00
-25.00
Curve Info
Curve Info
dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))
dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))
-25.00 Setup1 : Sw eep1
Setup1 : Sw eep1
-30.00 dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))
Setup1 : Sw eep1
dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))
dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))

-30.00

-35.00

-35.00

-40.00
-40.00

-45.00
-45.00

-50.00 -50.00
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00
Freq [GHz] Freq [GHz]

Sweep1 data
Sweep2 data

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91 RESULT

Report Template

Save As Template & Report Templates

, ,
.

Ansoft
NameCorporation
X Y XY Plot 4 HFSSModel1
m1 3.7200 -30.2073
m2 1.9200 -24.0654

-20.00

m2
-25.00
dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))

-30.00 m1 Curve Info max avg

dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))
Setup1 : Sw eep1
dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))
-17.0248 -23.7598
Setup1 : Sw eep1
-35.00

-40.00

-45.00

1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00

Freq [GHz]

1.  , X,Y 2. 
.. Save as Template .

Ansoft
NameCorporation
X Y XY Plot 1 HFSSModel1
-20.00
m1 3.7200 -41.1194
Curve Info max av
m2 1.9200 -26.9166
dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))
-22.2072 -2
-25.00 Setup1 : Sw eep1
m2
dB(St(p2_T1,p2_T1))

-30.00

-35.00

-40.00 m1

-45.00

-50.00
0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00
Freq [GHz]

3.
 ~ Template Results 4.

Report Tamplate
Templates .

.
 S
RESULT
92
S format Export
Project Tree Analysis Setup Matrix Data Equivalent Circuit Export

Export .
Touchstone : s2p, s3p, sNp S
Matlab : m file
Planar EM / HFSS v6 : .szg
Data Table ( ) : tab Text
Citifile : .clt
neutral Model Format : .nmf

, Export Data csv

txt .

S Export ,
Renormalize .

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93 RESULT

SPICE

Transient SPICE HFSS Export

Project Tree Analysis Setup Matrix Data Equivalent Circuit Export

3 HFSS SPICE
Export .
Solution Type Driven Terminal
Sweep Type Interpolating Type
Sweep Extrapolation to DC

Format :
Desired Fitting Error :
Maximum Order :
Use Common Ground :
Enforce Passivity : Passivity
Lumped Element Export :
( )
Partial Fraction Expansion for Matlab : Matlab
W-Element Model : W-Element
Combine Sweeps : Sweep

Full-wave SPICE Export .

 Sweep Data
RESULT
94
Sweep data
Project Tree Analysis Setup Matrix Data Export Matrix Data Combine Sweeps

Sweep , Mesh
. Sweep data Combine Sweeps
.
Interpolating Sweep .

Sweep data
2 , Export Matrix
Data Combine Sweep
.

Sweep Combine
S
.

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95 RESULT

Output Variable

Rectangular Plot Output Variables

Analyze matrix , S/Y/Z

Plotting .

.

.

~
 Y L
RESULT
96
Inductor , L
Menu: HFSS Reports Create Rectangular Report

L S
.

Output Variable Y21

L
.

: -im(1/Y(WavePort2,WavePort1))/(2*pi*freq)

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97 RESULT

Port Field

Port Field Display ?

Project Tree Port Field Display

Project Tree Plot Field Display . Driven Modal ,

Port , Port
.

, Port
Impedance
.

Mode 1 : TE10 Mode 2 : TE01

Mode 3 : TE20 Mode 4 Mode 5

 Field
RESULT
98
Field
Menu : Draw Plane

, Field Plot
field
.
field
, plane
.

Plane Draw Plane . Plane .

1.  plane enter .
.
2.  , normal vector, /
. plane , plane
.

plane model tree planes , plane field plot

plane , HFSS field plot
plane field .

X
 Y, YZ, ZX plane ,
plane .

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99 RESULT

mode field

Port mode
Menu : HFSS Fields Edit Source

Port , port mode , field plot 1 port 1

mode field . port mode
field , Fields Edit source
.

WavePort 1 : 1

Port Mode

Scaling Factor : 1W , 1 Offset Phase :

port 1W . . Port
port 0 Coupler
. port 0 .
, port
field plot .

Port 1 mode 1 Port 2 mode 3 Port 1 mode 2 + Port 2 mode 4

 Field Calculator
RESULT
100
Field Plot
Menu: HFSS Fields Calculator

HFSS Field Plot

.
Field Data text

, HFSS
Field Calculator
.
Field Calculator
,
// (divergence)
x (Curl)
.

Field Calculator

1
E dl
Field data
4
D E* ComplexMag B dS

H
 FSS Field Calculator , Field Data
. Help Tips&Solution .

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 Final Tip !
Use Help file

Help .

HFSS Help
!

HFSS Help PDF

.

- hfss_onlinehelp.pdf : 800 HFSS Full Manual

- antenna.pdf : Getting Start
- TeeGSG.pdf : Tee Getting Start
- OptimTee.pdf : Tee Getting Start
- waveguide.pdf : Getting Start
- HFSSFloquet.pdf : v11 Floquet port Getting Start
HFSS
10 Keywords
..
~
10 !

!! !

111 Maxwell Equation

222 FEM
333 Adaptive Mesh
S 444 S parameter
555 Impedance
666 Resonance
777 Transmission Line
888 Port & Terminal
999 Mode
1111SPICE
 KEYWORD 1

Maxwell Equation

, HFSS Solver
.
,
?
HFSS
,
HFSS
.
4
.

1. Faraday : 
.
2. Ampere :

.
3. Gauss :  ,
.
4. : N S
.

, .
.
, .
,
. , ,
.

HFSS 3
Simulator . simulation ,
, .
,
. FEM mesh
solver , .
HFSS ,
.
. ^ ^
 KEYWORD 2
BONUS
FEM

HFSS FEM (Finite Element Method)

. FEM

, ,
mesh ,

.

HFSS FEM mesh

, mesh Maxwell equation
.

HFSS FEM Tangential FEM Tangential

, FEM mesh Vector
spurious
mode .
FEM
, Ansoft HFSS tangential FEM
,
.

Ansoft Zoltan cendes FEM

, HFSS , Ansoft
tool. , HFSS
FEM ,
.
mesh FEM .
1. mesh .
 mesh

, .
2. Energy function , adaptive mesh .
 mesh

.
3. .
 approximation ,

standard & reference .
Maxwell equation , .

www.ansoft.co.kr
 KEYWORD 3

Adaptive Mesh

HFSS , HFSS
adaptive mesh
. Adaptive mesh
mesh
, HFSS
.

1. Initial mesh
1 mesh
solution frequency mesh
mesh .

2. Initial mesh S

3. New Pass : Mesh S

mesh

4. Delta S Delta S
pass S
S Delta S Delta S

Pass

5. mesh . Adaptive mesh

pass delta S pass mesh ,

pass delta S pass mesh
. , Pass
.
HFSS adaptive mesh delta S , S
mesh . Mesh S
mesh , S
, Mesh .
 KEYWORD 4
BONUS
S parameter

S .
HFSS mesh S
, HFSS
.
S Scattering Parameter ,
.
,
.

S ,
port , port
S
.
. Port Port
Port1

1 2
Port2

ref
0

2 port
S11 : 1 1
, 1
S21 : 1 port 2 port
1 2 . ..

HFSS , S
. S port , 2x2, 3x3
(matrix) .
S ,
. port , port
. S
static (),
. ,

.
sweep , S .

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 KEYWORD 5

Impedance

, RF ,
.

.

V
Z=
I
(Z) ,
"(Load)" . "
" , . ,
""
, .
"" , ,
. ,
(=) , ( =
) .

, DC R,
L, C . L C
, L,C
.
.

,
.
, 3, 4 2
. .
.

HFSS .

.
 KEYWORD 6
BONUS
Resonance

(Resonance)
.
,
.

HFSS 3
,
,
.
Eigenmode ,
Driven Modal S
. S S11, S22
, ,
.
,
. ,
.

Antenna 1 port S
. S11
, (
) .
S11,

.
, BPF() S
. S11
, 4
.
,

.

HFSS S
, .

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 KEYWORD 7

Transmission Line

transmission line, "

" .
,

?
.

,
() . ( ) ()
, .
, ,
. " "
, ,
.

HFSS ,
. ,
, HFSS ,
coupling ,
.

Microstrip E field quasi-TEM field

Microstrip ,
TEM mode .
fringing field( field) quasi-TEM mode (quasi
) , HFSS fringing field coupling ,
.
 KEYWORD 8
BONUS
Port & Terminal

HFSS ,
eigenmode ,
.

.
2 ,
port terminal .
,
.

HFSS Driven modal Driven terminal , HFSS

. default driven modal
, driven terminal .
, port terminal .

Port ,
. ,
GND . /
, mode
. Driven Modal , Port
mode . waveguide port
.

Terminal , Lumped port

terminal . lumped port port
, terminal . Terminal Port
, Port
, .
mode , mode
, Driven Terminal
.
Lumped port Waveguide port ,
Terminal . !? ,
,
.
, Port mode
, SI Terminal
mode .

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 KEYWORD 9

Mode

mode
.
,
HFSS
.
mode ,

.

mode ,
mode . mode
, mode
, .
dominant mode mode higher order mode , mode
.
Microstrip Stripline TEM mode dominant mode
, higher order mode ,
.
Mode ,
(waveguide) . mode
, mode
.

Mode 1 : TE10 E field quasi-TEM field

, port mode S field
, mode .
mode dominant mode .
 KEYWORD 10
BONUS
SPICE
spice ~
HFSS 3
tool, option FWS (Full
Wave SPICE) ,
.

SPICE Simulation Program with Integrated

Circuit Emphasis , ( )

.
, SPICE text
netlist .

, transient
. ,
, SI (Signal Integrity) 3
. HFSS
, SPICE .
SPICE , ..

RLC ,
1 2 3
Port1

R3 L2
Port2

3.5nH node 1,2,3,4..

50
.
2pF
C1

SPICE ,
4 SPICE . (
0
SPICE .)

R3 1 2 50 : R3 node 1 2 50
L2 2 3 3.5nH : L2 node 2 3 3.5nH
C1 3 4 2pF : C1 node 3 4 2pF

! . Node ,
. SPICE
, node
, .

HFSS 3 SPICE ,
.

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 Co-Simulation
with HFSS

?
Ansoft
Zoltan Cendes .
HFSS 1990 Ansoft
EM simulator,
Ansoft tool

co-simulation .

Ansoft Designer RF /
Designer , HFSS project
import
control . S
,
co-simulation HFSS
, HFSS .

Nexxim Harmonic Balance + Transient solver

Nexxim
circuit solver.
Transient solver,
HFSS FWS (Full Wave SPICE)
, HFSS SI
.

Ansoft Link CAD file

Ansoft Link Pro-Engineer, STEP, IGES, ACIS
3D CAD HFSS
.
.
Q3D Extractor 3 RLC
Q3D Package modeling ,
3 RLGC
SPICE model . Q3D
HFSS 100% , HFSS
.

SIwave PCB - PI & SI

SIwave PCB import
EM / ,
. PI(Power Integrity) , SPICE
SI . SIwave project
file HFSS , PCB Near
Field HFSS
field simulation .

Maxwell 3
Maxwell ,
mortor, solenoid magnetic
. Maxwell HFSS
, HFSS Maxwell
project magnetic bias ,
ferrite
.

ePhysics 3 /
ePhysics HFSS field
(thermal) (stress)
.
SI HFSS
, .

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 tip !