NKB20303- PROCESS HEAT TRANSFER

Tutorial 1 (Conduction)

1. The inner and outer surfaces of a 5m x 6m brick wall of thickness 30cm

and thermal conductivity 0.69W/m.oC are maintained at temperatures of
20oC and 5oC, respectively. Determine the rate of heat transfer through the
wall, in W.
(1035 W)

2. The inner and the outer surface temperatures of a glass window 5mm thick
are 15 and 5oC. What is the heat loss through a window that is 1 m by 3 m
on a side? The thermal conductivity of glass is 1.4 W/m.K.
(8400 W)

3. Heat is transferred at a rate of 0.05 kW through glass wool insulation (k =

0.0038 W/mK) of 5 cm thickness and 2 m2 area. If the hot surface is at
70oC, determine the temperature of the cooler surface.
(14.05 K)

4. A heat flux meter at the outer (cold) wall of a concrete building indicates
that the heat loss through a wall of 10 cm thickness is 20 W/m2. If a
thermocouple at the inner surface wall indicates a temperature of 22oC
while another at the outer surface shows 6oC, calculate the thermal
conductivity of the concrete.
(0.125 W/m.0C)

5. A lagged steam pipe has a total outside diameter of 0.12 m, including a 20

mm thick layer of calcium silicate insulation on the outside. The inner and
outer surfaces of the insulation are at temperatures of 800 K and 490 K
respectively. Calculate the heat loss per unit length of pipe. Thermal
conductivity of calcium silicate = 0.07 W m-1K-1.
(336.24 W/m)

6. A thick-walled tube of stainless steel (A) having a k = 21.63 W/m.K with

dimensions of 0.0254 m ID and 0.0508 m OD is covered with a 0.0254 m
layer of asbestos (B) insulation, k = 0.2423 W/m.K. The inside temperature
of the pipe is 811 K and the outside surface of the insulation is at 310.8 K.
For a 0.305 m length of pipe, calculate the heat loss and also the
temperature at the interface between the metal and the insulation.
(331.34 W, 800.38 K)

7. Consider a spherical container of inner radius r1 = 8 cm, outer radius r2 =

10 cm and thermal conductivity k = 45 W/mK. The inner and outer

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surfaces of the container are maintained at constant temperatures of T1 =

200C and T2 = 80C80 C respectively as a result of some chemical reactions
occurring inside. Determine the rate of hea
heatt loss from the container.
(27.14kW)

8. A cold- storage room is constructed of an inner layer of 12.7 mm of pine, a

middle layer of 101.6 mm of cork board and an outer layer of 76.2 mm of
concrete. The wall surface temperature is 255.4 K inside the cold room and
297.1 K at the outside of the concrete. The conductivities for each material
are as follows:
Pine 0.151 W/m.K
Cork board 0.0433 W/m.K
Concrete 0.762 W/m.K
Calculate the heat loss in W for 1 m2 and the temperature at the interface
between
ween the wood and cork board.
(256.8 K)

9. Consider a composite structure shown on below. Conductivities of the

layer are: k1 = k3 = 10 W/mK, k2 = 16 W/mK, and k4 = 46 W/mK. The
convection coefficient on the right side of the composite is 30 W/m2K.
Calculate the total resistance and the heat flow through the composite.

(0.46, 173.9 W)

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10. Consider a 1.2-m high and 2-m-wide glass window whose thickness is 6
mm and thermal conductivity is k= 0.78W/m. 0C. Determine the steady
rate of heat transfer through this glass window and the temperature of its
inner surface for a day during which the room is maintained at 24 0C while
the temperature of the outdoors is -5 0C. Take the convection heat transfer
coefficients on the inner and outer surfaces of the window to be h1= 10
W/m2 .0C and h2 = 25 W/m2 .0C and disregard any heat transfer by
radiation.
(471W, 4.40C)

11. Consider a 1.2-m-high and 2-m-wide double-pane window consisting of

two 3-mm-thick layers of glass (k=0.78 W/m .0C) separated by 12-mm-
wide stagnant air space. Determine the steady rate of heat transfer through
this double-pane window and the temperature of its inner surface for a day
during which the room is maintained at 24 0C while the temperature of the
outdoors is -50C. Take the convection heat transfer coefficients on the inner
and outer surfaces of the window to be h1=10 W/ m2 .0C and h2 = 25
W/m2 .0C and disregard any heat transfer by radiation. Given also k air =
0.026 W/ m .0C
(114W, 19.20C)

12. A cylindrical resistor element on a circuit board dissipates 0.15W of power

in an environment at 400C. The resistor is 1.2 cm long, and has a diameter
of 0.3cm. Assuming heat to be transferred uniformly from all surfaces,
determine (a) the amount of heat this resistor dissipates during a 24-h
period, (b) the heat flux on the surface of the resistor, in W/m2 and (c) the
surface temperature of the resistor for a combined convection and
radiation heat transfer coefficient of 9 W/m2 .0C.
(3.6 Wh, 1179 W/m2, 1710C)

13. Water is boiling in a 25-cm-diameter aluminum pan (k=237 W/ m .0C) at

95 0C. Heat is transferred steadily to the boiling water in the pan through
its 0.5-cm-thick flat bottom at a rate of 800 W. If the inner surface
temperature of the bottom of the pan is 1080C, determine (a) the boiling
heat transfer coefficient on the inner surface of the pan, and (b) the outer
surface temperature of the bottom of the pan.

(1254 W/m2 .0C, 108.30C)

14. Steam at 320 0C flows in a stainless steel pipe (k= 15 W/m. 0C) whose inner
and outer diameters are 5 cm and 5.5cm, respectively. The pipe is covered
with 3-cm-thick glass wool insulation (k= 0.038 W/m. 0C). Heat is lost to
the surroundings at 50C by natural convection and radiation, with a
combined natural convection and radiation heat transfer coefficient of 15
W/ m2. 0C. Taking the heat transfer coefficient inside the pipe to be 80

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W/m2. 0C, determine the rate of heat loss from the steam per unit length of
the pipe. Also determine the temperature drops across the pipe shell and
the insulation.

(93.9W, 0.095 0C, 290 0 C)

15. Consider a 8-m-long, and 0.22-m-thick wall whose representative cross

section is as given in the Figure 1. The thermal conductivities of various
material used, in W/m.0C, are kA=kF=3, kB=10, kC=23, kD=15 and kE=38.
The left and right surface of the wall are maintained a uniform
temperatures of 3000C and 1000C, respectively. Assuming heat transfer
through the wall to be one-dimensional, determine (Given Rcond = x/kA
and Rconv = 1/hA)

a) The rate of heat transfer through the wall.

b) The temperature at the point where the sections B, D and E meet.
c) The temperature drop across the section F.

(6451.613 W, 259.5480C, 134.1940C)