Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Models: 108SD
114SD
STI-496-6 (11/16)
Published by
Daimler Trucks North America LLC
4747 N. Channel Ave.
Portland, OR 97217
Printed in U.S.A.
Foreword
Performing scheduled maintenance operations is important in obtaining safe, reliable operation of your
vehicle. A proper maintenance program will also help to minimize downtime and safeguard warranties.
IMPORTANT: The maintenance operations in this manual are not all-inclusive. Also refer to other
component and body manufacturers instructions for specific inspection and maintenance instruc-
tions.
Perform the operations in this maintenance manual at scheduled intervals. Perform the pretrip and post-trip
inspections, and daily/weekly/monthly maintenance, as outlined in the vehicle drivers manual. Major
components, such as engines, transmissions, and rear axles, are covered in their own maintenance and
operation manuals, that are provided with the vehicle. Perform any maintenance operations listed at the
intervals scheduled in those manuals. Your Freightliner Dealership has the qualified technicians and
equipment to perform this maintenance for you. They can also set up a scheduled maintenance program
tailored specifically to your needs. Optionally, they can assist you in learning how to perform these
maintenance procedures.
IMPORTANT: Descriptions and specifications in this manual were in effect at the time of printing.
Freightliner Trucks reserves the right to discontinue models and to change specifications or design
at any time without notice and without incurring obligation. Descriptions and specifications contained
in this publication provide no warranty, expressed or implied, and are subject to revision and editions
without notice.
Refer to www.Daimler-TrucksNorthAmerica.com and www.FreightlinerTrucks.com for more information,
or contact Daimler Trucks North America LLC at the address below.
Daimler Trucks North America LLC distributes the following major service publications in paper and electronic
(via ServicePro) formats.
Workshop/Service Workshop/service manuals contain service and repair information for all vehicle
Manual systems and components, except for major components such as engines, trans-
missions, and rear axles. Each workshop/service manual section is divided into
subjects that can include general information, principles of operation, removal,
disassembly, assembly, installation, and specifications.
Maintenance Manual Maintenance manuals contain routine maintenance procedures and intervals for
vehicle components and systems. They have information such as lubrication
procedures and tables, fluid replacement procedures, fluid capacities, specifica-
tions, and procedures for adjustments and for checking the tightness of fasten-
ers. Maintenance manuals do not contain detailed repair or service information.
Drivers/Operators Drivers/operators manuals contain information needed to enhance the drivers
Manual understanding of how to operate and care for the vehicle and its components.
Each manual contains a chapter that covers pretrip and post-trip inspections,
and daily, weekly, and monthly maintenance of vehicle components.
Drivers/operators manuals do not contain detailed repair or service information.
Service Bulletins Service bulletins provide the latest service tips, field repairs, product improve-
ments, and related information. Some service bulletins are updates to informa-
tion in the workshop/service manual. These bulletins take precedence over
workshop/service manual information, until the latter is updated; at that time, the
bulletin is usually canceled. The service bulletins manual is available only to
dealers. When doing service work on a vehicle system or part, check for a valid
service bulletin for the latest information on the subject.
IMPORTANT: Before using a particular service bulletin, check the current
service bulletin validity list to be sure the bulletin is valid.
Parts Technical Bulletins Parts technical bulletins provide information on parts. These bulletins contain
lists of parts and BOMs needed to do replacement and upgrade procedures.
Web-based repair, service, and parts documentation can be accessed using the following applications on the
AccessFreightliner.com website.
ServicePro ServicePro provides Web-based access to the most up-to-date versions of the
publications listed above. In addition, the Service Solutions feature provides di-
agnostic assistance with Symptoms Search, by connecting to a large knowledge
base gathered from technicians and service personnel. Search results for both
documents and service solutions can be narrowed by initially entering vehicle
identification data.
PartsPro PartsPro is an electronic parts catalog system, showing the specified vehicles
build record.
EZWiring EZWiring makes Freightliner, Sterling, Western Star, Thomas Built Buses, and
Freightliner Custom Chassis Corporation products wiring drawings and floating
pin lists available online for viewing and printing. EZWiring can also be ac-
cessed from within PartsPro.
Warranty-related service information available on the AccessFreightliner.com website includes the following
documentation.
Recall Campaigns Recall campaigns cover situations that involve service work or replacement of
parts in connection with a recall notice. These campaigns pertain to matters of
vehicle safety. All recall campaigns are distributed to dealers; customers receive
notices that apply to their vehicles.
Field Service Campaigns Field service campaigns are concerned with non-safety-related service work or
replacement of parts. All field service campaigns are distributed to dealers; cus-
tomers receive notices that apply to their vehicles.
For an example of a 108SD and 114SD Maintenance Manual page, see Fig. 1.
A B C
Transmission 26
2601 Transmission Fluid 6. Clean the fill plug, then install it. Tighten the plug
as follows:
Level Check
25 to 35 lbfft (34 to 48 Nm) for transmis
sions with 3/4inch pipe threads.
NOTICE
60 to 75 lbfft (81 to 102 Nm) for trans
Operating a transmission with the fluid level missions with 3/4inch pipe threads.
higher or lower than recommended can result in
transmission damage. Do not overfill the trans Allison
mission.
NOTE: For Allison transmissions equipped with
Do not mix types and brands of fluid, because of an oil level sensor, the transmission fluid level
possible incompatibility. Do not use fluid addi can be checked electronically. For more infor
tives, friction modifiers, extremepressure gear mation, refer to the Allison Transmission web
fluids, or multiviscosity lubricants. site, www.allisontransmission.com.
D E F
02/04/2011 f020176
A. Maintenance Operation Number consists of the Group Number followed by the Sequence Number
B. Group Title
C. Group Number
D. Vehicle Name
E. Release Date
F. Group Number/Page Number
Fig. 1, Example of a 108SD and 114SD Maintenance Manual Page
Maintenance Schedules
Maintenance Intervals
Schedule
Maintenance Interval Frequency Mileage km Hours
Initial Maintenance (IM) first 1000 1600 100
Maintenance 1 (M1) every 1000 1600 100
Schedule I*
(severe service) Maintenance 2 (M2) every 4000 6400 400
for vehicles that travel up to Maintenance 3 (M3) every 8000 12 800 800
6000 miles (10 000 km) annually
Maintenance 4 (M4) every 16,000 25 600 1600
Maintenance 5 (M5) every 32,000 51 200 3200
Maintenance Schedules
Maintenance Intervals
Schedule
Maintenance Interval Frequency Mileage km Hours
Initial Maintenance (IM) first 8000 12 000
Schedule II Maintenance 1 (M1) every 8000 12 000
(short-haul transport) Maintenance 2 (M2) every 16,000 24 000
for vehicles that travel 6000
miles (10 000 km) or more Maintenance 3 (M3) every 32,000 48 000
annually Maintenance 4 (M4) every 64,000 96 000
Maintenance 5 (M5) every 128,000 192 000
* For Schedule I vehicles equipped with an hourmeter, use maintenance intervals based on hours of operation rather than mileage.
Table 2 lists all maintenance operations that are to formed. All operations listed in Table 2, along with
be performed at the initial maintenance (IM) interval. the operations listed in the M1 Maintenance Interval
Maintenance operation numbers are reference num- Operations table (Table 3) must be performed to
bers used to help you find detailed instructions in this complete the initial maintenance (IM).
manual on the maintenance operations to be per-
Table 3 lists all maintenance operations that are to IMPORTANT: After performing all operations listed in
be performed at the M1 maintenance interval. Main- this table, perform all daily, weekly, and monthly
tenance operation numbers are reference numbers maintenance operations given in Chapter 21, "Pretrip
used to help you find detailed instructions in this and Post-Trip Inspections and Maintenance", of the
manual on the maintenance operations to be per- 108SD and 114SD Drivers Manual.
formed.
Table 4 lists all maintenance operations that are to manual on the maintenance operations to be per-
be performed at the M2 maintenance interval. Main- formed. Perform all M1 maintenance interval opera-
tenance operation numbers are reference numbers tions (see Table 3) at the M2 maintenance interval.
used to help you find detailed instructions in this
Table 5 lists all maintenance operations that are to manual on the maintenance operations to be per-
be performed at the M3 maintenance interval. Main- formed. Perform all M1 (Table 3) and M2 (Table 4)
tenance operation numbers are reference numbers maintenance interval operations at the M3 mainte-
used to help you find detailed instructions in this nance interval.
Table 6 lists all maintenance operations that are to manual on the maintenance operations to be per-
be performed at the M4 maintenance interval. Main- formed. Perform all M1 (Table 3), M2 (Table 4), and
tenance operation numbers are reference numbers M3 (Table 5) maintenance interval operations at the
used to help you find detailed instructions in this M4 maintenance interval.
Table 7 lists all maintenance operations that are to manual on the maintenance operations to be per-
be performed at the M5 maintenance interval. Main- formed. Perform all M1 (Table 3), M2 (Table 4), M3
tenance operation numbers are reference numbers (Table 5), and M4 (Table 6) maintenance interval
used to help you find detailed instructions in this operations at the M5 maintenance interval.
Noise Emission Control the purpose of noise control, prior to its sale or
delivery to the ultimate purchaser, or while it is in
Maintenance use.
2. The use of the vehicle after such device or ele-
Federal Law, Part 205: ment of design has been removed or rendered
inoperative by any person.
Transportation Equipment Noise
Among those acts presumed to constitute tam-
Emission Controls pering are the acts listed below:
Part 205, Transportation Equipment Noise Emission A. Removal of engine noise-deadening panels.
Controls, requires the vehicle manufacturer to fur-
nish, with each new vehicle, such written instructions B. Removal of cab-tunnel or hood noise-
for the proper maintenance, use, and repair of the deadening panels.
vehicle by the ultimate purchaser to provide reason-
able assurance of the elimination or minimization of C. Removal of, or rendering inoperative, the en-
noise-emission-control degradation throughout the gine speed governor so as to allow engine
life of the vehicle. In compliance with the law, the speed to exceed manufacturers specifica-
noise emission controls maintenance information in tions.
each applicable group of this manual, in conjunction D. Removal of, or rendering inoperative, the fan
with the vehicle workshop manual, provides these clutch, including bypassing the control on
instructions to owners. any thermostatic fan drive to cause it to op-
erate continuously.
Recommendations for E. Removal of the fan shroud.
Replacement Parts
F. Removal of, or rendering inoperative, ex-
Replacement parts used for maintenance or repair of haust components, including exhaust pipe
noise emission controls should be genuine Freight- clamping.
liner parts. If other than genuine Freightliner parts
are used for replacement or repair of components G. Removal of air intake components.
affecting noise emission control, the owner should be
sure that such parts are warranted by their manufac- Maintenance Instructions
turer to be equivalent to genuine Freightliner parts in
performance and durability. Scheduled intervals are in the maintenance tables in
this group. A "Verification of Inspections Log (Groups
Freightliner Noise Emission 01, 20, and 49)" follows, and should be filled in each
time noise emission controls on the vehicle are main-
Controls Warranty tained or repaired.
Refer to the vehicle owners warranty information
book for warranty information concerning noise emis-
sion controls.
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8
01/18/2010 f151148
C
09/21/2009 f012181
A. New Belt
B. Worn Belt
C. Material loss results in belt riding directly on pulley tips.
Fig. 2, Six-Rib Serpentine Belt (cross section view)
3
3
5 4
4
6
5
2
1
1
6
01/24/2011 f012192
01/19/2012 f012189
1. Spring Tensioner 4. Fan Clutch
1. Front Belt 4. Spring Tensioner 2. Alternator Pulley 5. Drive Belt
2. Rear Belt 5. Fan Clutch 3. AC Compressor 6. Crank Shaft Pulley
3. AC Compressor 6. Water Pump
Fig. 4, Cummins ISC/ISL Drive Belt Routing
Fig. 3, DD 13/15/16 Drive Belt Routing
NOTICE
Do not use aftermarket air-cleaner elements. After-
market air-cleaner elements may not seal the
housing correctly, which can lead to engine dam-
age and potentially the loss of warranty. When re-
placing an air-cleaner element, use only the part
listed in PartsPro for the serial number of the ve-
hicle. 04/08/2005 f090431
2. If necessary, replace the air cleaner element. For Fig. 2, Manual-Reset Air Restriction Indicator, Go/
air cleaner element replacement instructions, see No-Go
Group 09 of the vehicle Workshop Manual.
3. Inspect the air cleaner housing for cracks, leaks,
or any other damage. If the air cleaner housing
or element is damaged, replace it.
4. Reset the air restriction indicator.
5. Each time the air cleaner housing is replaced,
perform the procedures in MOP 1301.
DANGER
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en-
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires.
Before working under the vehicle, always place
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps
could result in serious personal injury or death.
1500 Safety Precautions 5. Check that all electrical connections at the alter-
nator and starter are free of corrosion. Clean and
tighten all charging system electrical connec-
Safety Precautions in this section apply to all tions, including the connections at the starter B+
procedures within this group. terminal and ground terminals, the magnetic
switch, and where the alternator charging cables
DANGER terminate. Apply red dielectric enamel to all ex-
posed connections.
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en-
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires. 6. Inspect the battery retainer assembly or hold-
Before working under the vehicle, always place downs, and the battery box. Replace worn or
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the damaged parts. Remove any corrosion with a
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps wire brush, and wash with a weak solution of
could result in serious personal injury or death. baking soda and water. Flush with clean water,
and dry. Paint the retainer assembly if needed, to
prevent rusting.
1501 Alternator, Battery, and 7. Check that foreign material, such as road debris,
Starter Connections is removed from the battery box.
Check 8. Inspect and clean the battery cables, terminals,
and clamps as follows. See Group 54 of the
108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual for trouble-
WARNING shooting instructions, and for adjustment, repair,
and replacement instructions.
Batteries generate explosive gas as a by-product 8.1 Inspect the battery cables, and replace
of their chemical process. Do not smoke when any that are damaged.
working around batteries. Put out all flames and
remove any source of sparks or intense heat in 8.2 Clean and tighten the battery ground
the vicinity of the battery compartment. Make sure cables, terminals, and clamps. Clean the
the battery compartment has been completely cable connector terminals with a wire
vented before disconnecting or connecting the brush.
battery cables. 8.3 Connect the cables to the batteries and
Battery acid is extremely harmful if splashed in tighten them to the torque specifications
the eyes or on the skin. Always wear a face shield listed on the battery, generally 10 to 15
and protective clothing when working around lbfft (14 to 20 Nm).
batteries. 8.4 Coat the battery terminals and cable con-
1. Disconnect the batteries. nections with dielectric grease.
2. Check the tightness of the alternator fasteners; 9. Check the connections at the power net distribu-
tighten as needed. For torque values, see Group tion box. Clean and protect the power cables
15 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual. with dielectric enamel as necessary.
3. Inspect the alternator drive belt for cracking,
glazing, and wear; see Group 01. Replace the
belt if it shows any of these symptoms.
NOTE: Engines equipped with a serpentine belt
have automatic belt tensioners, and do not re-
quire belt tension adjustment.
4. Check the alternator wiring for missing insulation,
kinks, and heat damage. Replace or repair as
needed.
2000 Safety Precautions 3. Make sure that the cap seals properly on the
coolant filler neck seat, and that the radiator cap
gasket is not damaged. On vehicles with
Safety Precautions in this section apply to all screw-on caps with O-rings, make sure that the
procedures within this group. O-ring is not cracked or deteriorated. Replace
the cap if the gasket shows deterioration or dam-
DANGER age.
The radiator cap currently installed may not be the 2. Disconnect the radiator inlet and outlet hose con-
same one installed when the vehicle was built. If nections.
the radiator cap must be replaced, make sure that 3. Flush the radiator, as follows.
it is the correct cap for the cooling system of the
3.1 Attach a flushing gun nozzle to the radia-
vehicle. Because the radiator cap pressure rating
tor outlet.
affects the operating temperature of the engine,
installing an improperly rated radiator cap may 3.2 Add water to the radiator until it is full.
have adverse effects on the cooling system, and
engine operating temperatures. This could cause NOTICE
premature engine wear or damage.
1. Using a radiator-cap tester, check the pressure When flushing the radiator, do not apply more
cap to see if it maintains pressure to within 10 than 20 psi (138 kPa) air pressure. Excessive pres-
percent of the pressure rating marked on the sure can damage the radiator or heater core.
cap. If it doesnt, replace the cap. Make sure that 3.3 Apply no more than 20 psi (138 kPa) air
the replacement radiator cap is correctly rated for pressure intermittently to help dislodge
the cooling system of the vehicle. sediment buildup in the core.
2. There is a second valve in the radiator cap that 4. Drain the radiator, then flush the radiator until
opens under vacuum. This prevents the collapse clean water flows from it. Remove the flushing
of hoses and other parts that are not internally gun.
supported when the system cools. Inspect the
vacuum-relief valve to be sure it is not stuck. 5. Close the petcock.
6. Using clamps, connect the hoses to the radiator. be inspected for play, roughness, or damage.
Tighten the clamps 33 to 38 lbfin (370 to 430 Hub bearing service kits are available from
Ncm). Kysor.
IMPORTANT: On vehicles with EPA10 compliant 7. Check the lining with the System Alert Tool. If
engines, the coolant capacity varies depending the lining is worn, install the appropriate lining kit.
on the engine and accessory installation. After A lining that is prematurely worn is caused by
servicing the cooling system, always verify that control air supply problems. Inspect and correct
the vehicle control system before placing the ve-
the coolant level is between the MIN and MAX
hicle back in service.
lines on the surge tank.
8. Check the air line entry and routing at the front
7. Fill the cooling system with approved coolant. or rear of the fan drive. Look for cracked, dam-
Refer to the engine manufacturers service litera- aged, or improperly routed air lines. Make sure
ture for specific coolant information. Refer to the connections are tight and that there are no
PartsPro (module 103) for coolant system ca- air leaks.
pacities.
9. Check the electrical connections at the solenoid
valve, which is typically mounted to the frontwall.
2003 Fan Drive Check (Noise Check the exhaust port for restrictions. If a re-
Emission Control) striction is found, clear it.
3.4 Reassemble the clutch valve solenoid air clutch to the air tanks. Use a suitable listening
filter assembly, and install it on the ve- device, and, as needed, a soapy water solution.
hicle.
9. If a leak is detected, remove the fan blade. In-
4. Visually check the fan for bent, cracked, or dam- stall a new seal kit. See Group 20 of the 108SD
aged blades. Replace if damaged. Check for ad- and 114SD Workshop Manual for repair proce-
equate clearance between the fan and other dures.
components.
10. Check the fan drive for discoloration or any other
5. Check the fan belt for wear, tension, and align- signs of slipping or overheating.
ment. Correct, if necessary.
NOTE: The fan clutch may slip if the air supply
6. Check for wear on the friction facing. Replace pressure is below 70 psi (483 kPa) or if there is
the friction facing if it is worn to a 3/16-inch (4.8- a leak inside the fan clutch. Any leak must be
mm) thickness or less. Also check the facing for remedied.
signs of oil contamination or burn marks. If evi-
dence of oil or burn marks are found, replace the 11. Check the fan clutch bearings.
friction facing. 11.1 Turn the fan in both directions and feel
7. Connect the battery cables. Start the engine, and for worn hub bearings.
charge the air system to 120 psi (827 kPa). 11.2 If possible, remove the drive belt and
Manually engage and disengage the fan clutch. check for worn sheave bearings by turn-
Check the fan and the fan clutch from a dis- ing the sheave in both directions.
tance. Look for vibration, fan blade contact, fan 11.3 If either the hub or sheave bearings are
clutch slippage, and overall fan clutch operation. worn, replace them using a Horton Drive-
If the fan clutch does not operate correctly, see Master Super Kit.
Group 20 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop For repair kit information, see Hortons
Manual for troubleshooting and repair proce- website, www.hortonww.com.
dures.
For instructions, see Group 20 of the
8. With the air system charged to 120 psi (827 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual.
kPa), check for air leaks at the fan clutch, sole-
noid valve, air hoses, and fittings from the fan
Approved Coolants
Manufacturer Coolant Type
Cummins Fleetguard Compleat Premix Premixed solution with supplement additives
Detroit Diesel Detroit Diesel Power Cool Premixed solution with supplement additives
Old World Industries Fleet Charge With supplement additives
Table 1, Approved Coolants
DANGER
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en-
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires.
Before working under the vehicle, always place
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps
could result in serious personal injury or death.
2502 Eaton Fuller Clutch hydraulic system will not operate correctly, and
the clutch could be damaged.
Release Cross-Shaft If the fluid level is below the MIN line, fill the reser-
Lubrication voir with new DOT 4 brake fluid from a tightly sealed
container until the level reaches the MAX line. See
IMPORTANT: This maintenance operation per- Fig. 4.
tains only to vehicles equipped with mechanical
(not hydraulic) linkages.
The clutch release cross-shaft is equipped with two
grease fittings in the transmission clutch housing.
See Fig. 3. Wipe the dirt from the grease fittings and
lubricate with multipurpose chassis grease.
05/27/93 f260146a
NOTE: There are grease fittings on both the left and
right side of the housing.
Fig. 3, Cross-Shaft Grease Fitting
NOTICE 1
Do not spill hydraulic clutch control fluid on the
cab paint. Clean it off immediately if any is spilled.
Brake fluid can damage paint.
IMPORTANT: The pressure line must slope con- 2
tinuously downward between the master and
slave cylinders. On some vehicles, the securing
clamps may need to be removed to achieve this
and allow the air to be purged.
11/30/2010 f250682
Pressure Bleeding 1. Bleed Valve 2. Slave Cylinder
NOTE: A bleeder system (J-29532) and a bleed Fig. 5, Slave Cylinder, Hydraulic Clutch Control
adaptor (J-35798) for the fluid reservoir are
5. Check the fluid level in the reservoir. If neces-
available through SPX Kent-Moore Tools and
sary, add or drain fluid to bring the fluid level to
may be used to complete the following proce- between the MIN and MAX lines marked on the
dure. To order these parts, call Kent-Moore at side of the reservoir. Install the reservoir lid.
1-800-328-6657.
6. Disconnect the transparent hose. Tighten the
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, shut down bleed screw 88 lbfin (1000 Ncm) and install the
the engine, and set the parking brake. Chock the cap on the slave cylinder bleed valve.
tires and raise the hood.
7. Depress the clutch pedal a few times. There
2. Prepare the pressure bleeding equipment ac- should be resistance over the full pedal stroke.
cording to the manufacturers instructions. Use
new DOT 4 brake fluid from a tightly sealed con-
tainer. Pressurize the bleeder system to 15 psi
Manual Bleeding
(103 kPa). 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, shut down
3. Remove the reservoir lid (see Fig. 4) and install the engine, and set the parking brake. Chock the
the pressure bleed adaptor on the reservoir. tires and open the hood.
4. Bleed the hydraulic system as follows. NOTE: The hydraulic system holds approxi-
mately 0.5 quart (0.5 liter) of fluid. It may need
4.1 Open the bleed valve on the bleed tank to be refilled during the bleeding process to pre-
to pressurize the reservoir. vent air from re-entering the system.
4.2 Remove the cap from the bleed valve of
2. Remove the reservoir lid and fill the reservoir
the slave cylinder. See Fig. 5. On the
(see Fig. 4) with new DOT 4 brake fluid from a
valve, install a transparent drain hose
tightly sealed container.
connected to a catch bottle. The hose
needs to fit the bleed valve tight enough 3. Remove the cap from the bleed valve of the
slave cylinder. See Fig. 5. On the valve, install a
4.5 Repeat the previous steps until the fluid is 1. Clutch Inspection Cover
clear and free of air bubbles. Fig. 6, Remove the Clutch Inspection Cover
4.6 Depress the clutch pedal. There should
be resistance over the full pedal stroke. fork at one end of the tool has green tape on it,
and has two 0.50-inch (12.7-mm) diameter tips;
5. Check the fluid level in the reservoir. If neces- the fork at the other end has blue tape on it,
sary, add or drain fluid to bring the fluid level to
between the MIN and MAX lines marked on the
and has 0.56-inch (14.3-mm) diameter tips. See
side of the reservoir. Install the reservoir lid. Fig. 7.
6. Disconnect the transparent hose. Tighten the 3. Measure the release bearing travel. See Fig. 8
bleed valve 88 lbfin (1000 Ncm) and install the for the correct dimension to measure. Using both
cap on the slave cylinder bleed valve. ends of the release bearing travel tool, check this
gap as follows:
Position the tool so that the legs of the fork at
2505 Clutch Adjustment, the blue 0.56-inch (14.3-mm) end straddle the
Manually Adjusted transmission input shaft. If the tool fits loosely,
the gap is too wide and adjustment is needed.
Clutches Go to the next step.
NOTE: This procedure is only required for ve- If the blue 0.56-inch (14.3-mm) end cant be in-
serted in the gap, then try to insert the green
hicles equipped with non-synchronized transmis-
0.50-inch (12.7-mm) end.
sions and manually adjusted clutches.
If the green end of the tool cant be inserted in
Release bearing travel is the clearance between the the gap, adjustment is needed. Go to the next
rear surface of the release bearing housing and the step.
forward surface of the clutch brake disc. This dis-
tance must be maintained between 1/2 and 9/16 inch If the green end of the tool fits snugly or
(12.7 and 14.3 mm). loosely then no adjustment is needed. Nothing
more needs to be done. Install the clutch inspec-
1. Remove the clutch inspection cover from the bell tion cover.
housing. See Fig. 6.
4. Release the clutch by depressing the pedal.
2. Slide the clutch brake tight against the transmis- Block the pedal in the released position, or have
sion input-shaft bearing cap. someone assist you by holding the pedal down
IMPORTANT: Release bearing travel tool A02- during the adjustment procedure.
12419-000 is available through the PDCs. The
A B
A B
03/26/96 f580133
DANGER
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en- A B
11/30/2010 f260006c
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires.
A. Full B. Low
Before working under the vehicle, always place
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the Fig. 1, Checking Transmission Fluid Level
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps
could result in serious personal injury or death. For more information and a complete listing of
approved lubricants, refer to the Eaton website,
www.roadranger.com.
2601 Transmission Fluid
Level Check Eaton Approved Manual and Automated
Transmission Lubricants
SAE
Lubricant Type* Temperature
NOTICE Viscosity
Synthetic transmission
Operating a transmission with the fluid level lubricant meeting Eaton PS- All
higher or lower than recommended can result in 386 lubricant specification
transmission damage. Do not overfill the transmis-
* Do not mix types or brands of lubricant.
sion.
Table 1, Eaton Approved Manual and Automated
Do not mix types and brands of fluid, because of Transmission Lubricants
possible incompatibility. Do not use fluid addi-
tives, friction modifiers, extreme-pressure gear 6. Clean the fill plug, then install it. Tighten the plug
fluids, or multiviscosity lubricants. as follows:
25 to 35 lbfft (34 to 48 Nm) for transmis-
Eaton Fuller sions with 3/4-inch pipe threads.
NOTE: Check the transmission fluid level with 60 to 75 lbfft (81 to 102 Nm) for transmis-
the transmission at operating temperature. sions with 1-1/4-inch pipe threads.
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the Allison
parking brakes, and chock the tires.
2. Clean the area around the fill plug, then remove NOTE: For Allison transmissions equipped with
the plug from the side of the gear case. an oil level sensor, the transmission fluid level
can be checked electronically. For more infor-
3. Using your gloved finger or a bent pipe cleaner, mation, refer to the Allison Transmission web-
check if the fluid is level with the fill opening. See
Fig. 1.
site, www.allisontransmission.com.
4. If the fluid level is low, check the transmission for Cold Check
leaks, and correct as needed.
Clean all dirt from around the end of the fluid fill tube
5. If needed, add Eaton-approved fluid until it is before removing the dipstick. Do not allow foreign
level with the lower edge of the fill opening. See matter to enter the transmission. Dirt or foreign mat-
Table 1 for approved transmission lubricants. ter in the hydraulic system may cause undue wear of
transmission parts, make valves stick, and clog pas-
sages.
It is important to check the fluid level cold to deter- 5. Insert the dipstick into the tube, then remove it.
mine if the transmission has a sufficient amount of 6. Check the fluid level reading, then repeat the
fluid to be safely operated until a hot check can be check procedure to verify the reading. Safe oper-
performed. ating level is within the HOT RUN band on the
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the dipstick. The HOT RUN band is between the
parking brakes, and chock the tires. HOT FULL and HOT ADD marks.
2. Run the engine for at least one minute. If the fluid level is not within the HOT RUN band,
add or drain fluid as needed to bring the fluid
3. Shift from DRIVE to NEUTRAL, and then shift to
level within the HOT RUN band. See Fig. 2.
REVERSE to fill the hydraulic system.
4. Shift to NEUTRAL and allow the engine to idle at
500 to 800 rpm. B
2. Park the vehicle on level ground, apply the park- 6.4 Once the filter makes contact with the
ing brakes, shift the transmission to neutral (N), mount, use a strap wrench to rotate the
shut down the engine, and chock the tires. canister an additional 180 to 270 degrees
3. Place a large drain pan under the transmission. to firmly tighten the filter. Wipe the filter
clean of any fluid after it is tightened.
4. Clean the area around the fill plug, and remove it
7. Add Eaton-approved fluid until it is level with the
from the side of the gear case. Remove each
lower edge of the fill opening. See Table 2 for
drain plug from the bottom of the case.
approved transmission lubricants, and Table 3
5. Clean the fill and drain plugs. For magnetic for transmission lubricant capacities.
plugs, use a piece of key stock or any other con-
For more information and a complete listing of
venient steel slug to short the two magnetic
approved lubricants, refer to the Eaton website,
poles and divert the magnetic field.
www.roadranger.com.
Install and tighten each drain plug 50 lbfft (68
Nm). Eaton Approved Manual and Automated
Transmission Lubricants
NOTE: The optional transmission fluid filter may
be a remote-mount, spin-on type, located be- SAE
Lubricant Type* Temperature
tween the transmission and the fluid cooler. The Viscosity
filter bracket is attached to the frame rail or Synthetic transmission
some other nearby location. The filter is lubricant meeting Eaton PS- All
386 lubricant specification
mounted in a vertical position, and should be
filled with fluid before installation to assure the * Do not mix types or brands of lubricant.
proper fluid level. For optimum transmission per- Table 2, Eaton Approved Manual and Automated
formance, change the filter each time that the Transmission Lubricants
fluid is changed.
6. For a transmission equipped with a transmission Eaton Fuller Transmission Lubricant Capacities
fluid filter(s), replace the fluid filter(s) as follows. Transmission Model*
Capacity: qt (L)
6.1 Place a drain pan under the transmission Prefix Number
fluid filter.
FR, FRO 11210
12210
CAUTION 13210
11.75 (11)
14210
To prevent skin burns from hot transmission fluid, 15210
wear protective gloves when removing the filter. 16210
6.2 Place a strap or chain wrench around the RTO, RTLO 11908
filter canister, and rotate it in a counter- 12910
clockwise motion to separate the filter 14908
from the mounting. Carefully spin the filter 14909
14910
off the mount and remove it from the ve-
14913
hicle. 14915
14 (13)
6.3 Apply a light coat of transmission fluid to 14918
the O-ring gasket on the new filter. Fill the 16908
filter with specified transmission fluid, and 16909
16910
spin the filter onto the mount.
16913
NOTE: The filter fills slowly, so be patient to 16915
ensure the proper fluid level has been 16918
reached.
Eaton Fuller Transmission Lubricant Capacities wrench can crush or damage the breather stem and
produce metal particles that could enter the transmis-
Transmission Model* sion).
Capacity: qt (L)
Prefix Number
Check more often if the vehicle is operating under
TX 14607 18 (17) very dusty conditions.
* For models not listed in this table see the Eaton Fuller website, ww-
w.roadranger.com.
Quantities listed are approximate. Capacity of transmissions equipped
with PTOs or oil coolers are greater than capacities listed. Fill transmission
until lubricant is level with bottom of fill hole with vehicle in normal operating 2
position.
Table 3, Eaton Fuller Transmission Lubricant
Capacities
1
NOTE: In all cases, the correct fluid level is es-
tablished by checking at the fill opening.
8. Operate the engine for five minutes after filling
the transmission, then check the fluid level again.
9. Clean the fill plug, then install it in the transmis-
sion. Tighten the plug as follows:
25 to 35 lbfft (34 to 48 Nm) for Eaton
Fuller transmissions with 3/4-inch pipe 11/30/2010 f260007b
threads. NOTE: Location of the transmission breather will vary
60 to 75 lbfft (81 to 102 Nm) for Eaton depending on transmission model.
Fuller transmissions with 1-1/4-inch pipe 1. Breather 2. Shift Tower
threads.
Fig. 3, Transmission Breather (Eaton Fuller shown)
10. Operate the vehicle to check for correct opera-
tion. 2604 Allison Transmission
Fluid and Filter Change
2603 Allison and Eaton Fuller
Transmission Breather Allison 3000 Family and 4000
Check Family Transmissions
If the transmission is equipped with a housing NOTE: When the optional prognostics feature is
breather (see Fig. 3), it must remain clear. A plugged enabled on an Allison transmission, the system
breather could result in pressure build-up, which monitors oil life and filter life. To reset the indica-
could cause oil leakage. tor, press the Mode button (on the electronic
shift control) for 10 seconds with the ignition on
IMPORTANT: Do not spray water, steam, or
but the engine not running. For more informa-
cleaning solution directly at the breather. These
tion, see the Allison Transmission website,
actions can force water or cleaning solution into
www.allisontransmission.com.
the transmission and contaminate the transmis-
sion fluid. 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and apply the
parking brakes.
If the breather is plugged, clean or replace it. If re-
placing it, use a correct-size wrench (pliers or a pipe 2. Operate the vehicle until the transmission
reaches normal operating temperature: 160 to
200F (71 to 93C).
NOTICE
To prevent dirt from entering the transmission, 1
use only clean containers and fillers for the trans-
mission fluid. Do not use fillers or containers that
have been used for water or antifreeze. Dirt, water,
or antifreeze could damage the transmission. 1
5. Remove the filter covers, gaskets, O-rings, and NOTE: Allison 4000 Family transmission shown. Com-
filters from the transmission. ponents and location are similar for Allison 3000 Family
transmissions.
6. Lubricate the new O-rings with transmission fluid, 1. Filter Cover 3. Filter Element O-Ring
and install them on the covers. 2. Filter 4. Square-Cut Seal
7. Install the filter over the gaskets.
Fig. 4, Allison Transmission Filter Locations and
8. Install the fluid filters on the cover assemblies. Components
9. Install the filter and cover assemblies into the
filter compartment. Align each cover assembly NOTICE
with the holes in the channel plate sump, and
push the cover assemblies in by hand to seat the Do not use the capscrews to draw the filter covers
seals. to the sump. This can damage the covers, seals,
or sump.
3 Holland FW35
1. Thoroughly steam clean all fifth wheel compo-
nents before inspection.
4 2. Check for cracks in the fifth wheel assembly,
mounting brackets, and mounting parts.
3. Check the fastener torques on the fifth wheel
10/29/2007 f311052 assembly and fifth wheel mounting. Tighten bolts
1. Lubricant Grooves 3. Release Handle and nuts as needed. Replace missing or dam-
2. Safety Latch 4. Mount aged bolts.
4. Inspect the fifth wheel for bent, worn, damaged,
Fig. 1, Holland FWS1 Fifth Wheel
and missing parts; replace them as needed with
Replace any bent or misaligned lever bar or re- genuine Holland parts.
lease handle. 5. Using a Holland Kingpin Lock Tester (Holland
tool number TF-TLN-5001, available through the
1 PDCs as HLD TFTLN5001), check the operation
of the locking mechanism by opening and closing
the locks. See Fig. 3.
6. After inspecting the fifth wheel, lubricate all mov-
ing parts with a chassis or multipurpose grease.
See MOP 3103 for lubrication instructions.
Fontaine
1. Disconnect the tractor from the trailer. For in-
structions, see the 108SD and 114SD Drivers
2 Manual.
03/28/2013 f311140 2. Thoroughly steam clean the fifth wheel.
1. Release Handle 2. Lever Bar 3. Check for cracks in the fifth wheel assembly,
mounting brackets, and mounting parts.
Fig. 2, Lever Bar and Release Handle Alignment
4. Ensure that both bracket pins are in place and
6. Check all cotter pins for cracking or damage. Re- secured by retainer pins and cotter pins. See
place any cotter pin that shows any signs of Fig. 4.
damage.
5. For fifth wheels equipped with bracket liners,
7. Check all mounting bolts for signs of fatigue, and rock the fifth wheel. If it does not rock freely, re-
tighten them to the proper torque. For torque move the top plate and inspect the bracket lin-
specifications, see Group 00. Inspect all angles, ers. Replace liners that are broken or less than
plates, and brackets for cracks or other damage. 0.125 inch (3 mm) thick at the top of the liners.
8. Replace cracked, worn, or damaged parts with For the liner replacement procedure, see the
new parts. Replace all loose mounting bolts with Fontaine website, www.fifthwheel.com.
5/811 SAE grade 8 bolts, grade C locknuts, and
16
13
12
8
8
7
15 14
12 5 17
12
12 18
11 12
10 19
6
5 15
20
9
21
8 5 22
27
5
26
7 6
8
25
1 15 12
2 12
24 23
4 3
12/02/2010
2 f311134
NOTE: 6000 Series shown; 7000 Series fifth wheels use similar parts.
1. Wedge Stop Rod Nut 11. Bolt, Secondary Safety Lock 19. Bumper
2. Flat Washer, 5/8" 12. Flat Washer 20. Timer Spring
3. Wedge Stop Rod Spring 13. Secondary Safety Lock 21. Timer
4. Wedge Stop Rod 14. Bushing, Secondary Safety 22. Operating Handle
5. Grease Fitting Lock 23. Bolt, Operating Handle
6. Bracket Pin 15. Hex Locknut 24. Bushing, Operating Handle
7. Bracket Retainer Pin 16. Pull Handle 25. Hair Pin Cotter
8. Cotter Pin, 3/16" x 1" 17. Bolt, Bumper 26. Wedge
9. Bumper Spring 18. Bushing 27. Step Jaw
10. Handle Spring
Fig. 4, Fontaine Fifth Wheel
09/01/2009 f311101
9.1 Check the bracket for any cracks or miss- A. Checking for fore/aft play.
ing and damaged parts. B. Rotating tester in lock.
C. Engage hook.
9.2 Inspect the locking plungers for full en- D. Pull/push handle fore/aft.
gagement. E. Check for movement of kingpin in lock.
9.3 Check the locking mechanism for proper F. Disengage hook.
G. Push/pull handle inboard/outboard.
operation.
H. Rotate lock tester.
If the plungers will not release, check the
air cylinder or plunger adjustment. Fig. 6, Jost Fifth Wheel Adjustment
If the plungers are loose, check the 9.4 The outboard slider assembly requires no
plunger adjustment and the plunger adjustment. If the plungers are loose, in-
springs for proper compression. Replace spect and replace locking mechanism
if needed. parts as needed.
WARNING
Failure to properly lubricate the fifth wheel could
result in a possible disengagement of the trailer
from the tractor, which could result in personal
injury or property damage.
Fontaine
1. Tilt the top plate forward (the front of the fifth
09/02/2009 f311100
wheel is down) and apply grease to each bearing
1. Jam Nut area through the zerk fittings located on each
2. Adjustment Bolt side of the top plate just to the front of the
3. Grease Zerk bracket pins. Continue to apply grease until it is
coming out of the back of the bearing. It may be
Fig. 7, Jost Fifth Wheel necessary to raise the rear of the fifth wheel with
9.5 The inboard slider is adjustable for frame a pry bar to open up the pocket slightly and
width and plunger engagement. For ad- allow the grease to flow through. A substantial
justment, refer to the fifth wheel installa- amount of grease may be required initially to fill
tion instructions. the reservoir.
10. Replace cracked, worn, or damaged parts with Tilt the fifth wheel ramps down (the rear of the
new parts. Replace all loose mounting bolts with fifth wheel is down) and repeat the greasing pro-
5/811 SAE grade 8 bolts, grade C locknuts, and cedure. Rock the top plate back and forth sev-
hardened washers. Do not re-use bolts, nuts, eral times to spread the grease over the bearing
and washers on fifth wheel mountings. surface.
11. After inspecting the fifth wheel, lubricate all mov- 2. Inspect the trailer kingpin plate and top surface
ing parts with a chassis or multipurpose grease. of the fifth wheel to make sure each is properly
Apply a generous coating of grease to the top greased. A liberal coating of grease should be
plate to fill the grooves, or depressions, on the applied to the complete surfaces of both the
top plate. See MOP 3103 for lubrication instruc- trailer kingpin plate and the top surface of the
tions. fifth wheel.
NOTE: Do not use a lube plate (high density
polyethylene) on top of the fifth wheel or on the
kingpin instead of grease without prior approval
Holland FW35 2
1. Using a water-resistant lithium-base grease,
grease the top plate.
2. Using a light oil (such as SAE 10W or 20W
motor oil), lubricate the cam track and pivot. See
Fig. 8.
3. Grease the yoke tips, locks, and the release
handle and spring; see Fig. 9. Grease the
mounting bracket supports through the grease 3
3
fittings. A low temp grade grease rated for
-30F (-34C) or lower such as Cato Oil and
Grease #5213, Craftsman Chemical Co. #LTF 2,
Mystic LP-200, or equivalent is recommended. 4
Lubricate the kingpin lock using a hand pump grease 1. Release Handle and 3. Yoke Tip
gun through the grease zerk on the skirt of the fifth Spring 4. Locks
wheel; see Fig. 7. Apply a light oil to all moving 2. Grease Fitting
parts. For sliding fifth wheels spray diesel fuel on the Fig. 9, Holland FW35 Fifth Wheel, Grease Lubrication
slide path of the base plate.
NOTICE
Do not use a power grease gun. The pressure will
damage the lube line.
If the fifth wheel is not equipped with low-lube plates,
apply a lithium-based grease with extreme pressure
(EP) additive to the trailer contact surface of the fifth
wheel.
NOTE: If the fifth wheel is equipped with low-lube
plates, the top plate only requires lubrication at the
new product break-in stage. The low-lube plates re-
quire no further lubrication.
3200 Safety Precautions Inspect the shock absorber for oil leakage. If the
shock absorber is damaged or leaking, replace it with
a new one. See Group 32 of the 108SD and 114SD
Safety Precautions in this section apply to all Workshop Manual for replacement instructions.
procedures within this group.
Rear Suspension Check
DANGER
Freightliner Spring Suspension
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en-
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires.
Before working under the vehicle, always place WARNING
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the Do not replace individual leaves of a damaged leaf
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps spring assembly; replace the complete spring as-
could result in serious personal injury or death. sembly. Visible damage (cracks or breaks) to one
leaf causes hidden damage to other leaves. Re-
3201 Suspension Inspection placement of only visibly damaged parts is no as-
surance that the spring is safe. Failure to replace
a damaged spring assembly could cause an acci-
Front Suspension Check dent, resulting in serious personal injury or prop-
erty damage.
WARNING Replace worn, cracked, or damaged spring
brackets. Failure to do so could result in bracket
Do not replace individual leaves of a damaged leaf breakage, possibly leading to loss of vehicle con-
spring assembly; replace the complete spring as- trol and resulting in personal injury or property
sembly. Visible damage (cracks or breaks) to one damage.
leaf causes hidden damage to other leaves. Re-
placement of only the visibly damaged part(s) is 1. Inspect the forward and rear spring brackets and
no assurance that the spring is safe. On front equalizer brackets for wear, cracks, and other
spring assemblies, if cracks or breaks exist in the damage. If any of these conditions exist, replace
two top leaves, a loss of vehicle control could the damaged bracket(s). See Group 32 of the
occur. Failure to replace a damaged spring assem- 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual for instruc-
bly could cause an accident resulting in property tions.
damage, serious personal injury, or death. 2. Inspect the tandem-axle frame crossmember and
Inspect the front spring assemblies for cracked, bro- gussets for wear, cracks, and other damage. If
ken, or abnormally bent leaves. If any of these condi- any of these conditions exist, replace the dam-
tions exist, replace the spring assembly. See Group aged parts. See Group 31 of the 108SD and
32 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual for 114SD Workshop Manual for instructions.
instructions.
NOTICE
Shock Absorber Check, Front
Failure to replace the suspension crossmember or
and Rear Suspensions gussets if they are cracked, worn, or otherwise
Make sure the shock absorber brackets are tight, damaged could result in damage to the vehicle
and the shock absorber is not striking or rubbing the chassis.
frame or some other part of the chassis. Striking or 3. Without detaching the torque arms, attempt to
rubbing the frame is characterized by chafe marks on move (by hand) each radius-rod end up, down,
the shock absorber body and the frame rail. Check in, and out. If there is any movement, replace the
the rubber mounting bushings for cracks, cuts, swell- torque arm. If a torque arm needs to be re-
ing, and dry rot. Also, check the bushings for missing placed, see Group 32 of the 108SD and 114SD
pieces. Replace the bushings as needed. Workshop Manual for instructions.
2
1
05/27/93 f320021a 4
Fig. 1, Torque Arm Bushings 05/27/93 5 f320023a
two top leaves, a loss of vehicle control could tears, and holes. Verify that the air spring assem-
occur. Failure to replace a damaged spring assem- bly does not leak.
bly could cause an accident resulting in property 4. Check the axle connection welds (beam seat to
damage, serious personal injury, or death. equalizing beam) and axle adapter to axle for
1. Inspect the forward and rear spring brackets for cracks. If welds are cracked, grind them out and
wear, cracks, and other damage. If any of these reweld the parts observing the welding precau-
conditions exist, replace the damaged bracket(s). tions given in Group 31 of the 108SD and
See Group 32 of the 108SD and 114SD Work- 114SD Workshop Manual.
shop Manual for instructions. 5. Move the axle up and down while checking for
signs of looseness due to worn parts at the front
WARNING pivot connections. Replace any worn parts.
Replace worn, cracked, or damaged spring 6. Inspect the shock absorbers for oil leaks and
brackets. Failure to do so could result in bracket worn rubber bushings. Replace the shock ab-
breakage, possibly leading to loss of vehicle con- sorbers and/or rubber bushings if wear or dam-
trol and resulting in personal injury or property age is noted.
damage. 7. Inspect the stabilizer bar, if so equipped, for ir-
2. Inspect the crossmember(s) and gussets for regular bushing wear or cracks in the brackets.
wear, cracks, and other damage. If any of these The stabilizer bar is optional on 10,000- and
conditions exist, replace the damaged parts. See 15,000-pound AirLiner suspension systems.
Group 31 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop 8. Remove the safety stands and lower the rear of
Manual for instructions. the vehicle to the ground. Run the engine until
3. Visually check the air spring piston for cracks, air pressure of at least 100 psi (689 kPa) is
chips, and broken areas. Check the air bag for maintained throughout the system.
rips, tears, and holes. Verify that the air spring 9. Check that all air springs are inflated.
assembly does not leak. If any of these condi-
tions exist, replace the damaged parts. See Freightliner AirLiner Control Rod
Group 32 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop Check
Manual for instructions.
NOTE: The Freightliner AirLiner Suspension is
Freightliner AirLiner Component manufactured at numerous weight ratings. The
Inspection and Operation Check control rod on the 46,000-pound-rated suspen-
sion is larger, and is fastened differently than on
WARNING other applications.
1. Without disconnecting the control rods, use your
Inspect the components and check their operation hand to attempt to move each of the control rod
as described below. Failure to perform these in- ends up, down, in, and out. If there is any move-
spections and checks could result in separation of ment, examine the control rods for wear or dam-
worn suspension components and loss of vehicle age. Replace if necessary.
control, possibly causing personal injury or death,
or property damage. 2. Inspect the rubber bushings for cracks or cuts.
1. Chock the front tires. Raise the rear of the ve- 3. Check for any shifting of the barpin.
hicle so the tires just clear the ground and the 4. Check for cracks in the metal components and
suspension is fully extended. Place safety stands welds.
under the vehicle frame.
2. Squeeze all air springs to check for complete Ride Height Valve Check
deflation. IMPORTANT: Before checking the AirLiner sus-
3. Inspect the air spring piston for cracks, chips, pension height, make sure there is no load on
and broken areas. Check the air bag for rips, the chassis, and the trailer is unhitched.
NOTICE 1 2
To prevent voiding the warranty on Barksdale 3
height-control valves, observe the following:
When removing or loosening a Barksdale
height-control valve from a mounting bracket,
always hold the valve-side mounting studs in
place with an Allen wrench while loosening or
tightening the nuts that attach the valve to the
bracket. Because the mounting studs are
threaded into the valve body, loosening the nuts
without holding the studs can tighten the studs, 4
which can crush the valve body and damage
the valve. Conversely, tightening the nuts with-
out holding the studs can back the studs out,
causing a separation of the two halves of the
valve body, and possibly a leak.
5
Do not overtighten the bolts in the Barksdale
height-control valve housing. The bolts should
not be loose, and should not require tightening.
Only if necessary, tighten the valve housing
bolts 45 lbfin (500 Ncm). Any damage to the
valve housing will void the warranty. 10/05/2016 f320562a
Do not attempt to disassemble the Barksdale 1. Valve Mounting 3. Stud Bolt
valve body or the control lever. There are no Bracket 4. Linkage Rod
serviceable parts in the valve, and any disas- 2. Height-Control Valve 5. Axle
sembly will void the warranty.
Fig. 4, Typical Barksdale Height-Control Valve
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, using a light Installation (side view)
application of the brakes. Do not apply the park-
ing brakes. Shift the transmission into neutral, 5. If the axle stop measurement is not correct, see
and build the secondary air pressure to at least Group 32 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop
100 psi (690 kPa). Shut down the engine. Manual for adjustment procedures.
2. Mark the location of the front and rear tires on 6. Apply the parking brakes, and remove the
the floor, and chock the tires on one axle only. chocks.
3. Check that the height-control valve vertical link- Freightliner TufTrac
age is connected and oriented correctly.
1. Inspect the suspension spring assemblies for
NOTE: The stud bolt that fastens the height- pitted, cracked, broken, or abnormally bent
control valve horizontal lever to the vertical link- leaves, and extreme rust. If any of these condi-
age is oriented correctly when the linkage rod is tions exist, replace the spring assembly.
vertical, as viewed from the side of the vehicle;
see Fig. 4. The rod may be on the forward or WARNING
aft side of the lever to get it to be vertical.
4. Measure the distance from the axle stop to the Do not replace individual leaves of a damaged leaf
top of the axle U-bolt pad. The correct distance spring assembly; replace the complete spring as-
is determined by the axle and suspension con- sembly. Visible damage (cracks or breaks) to one
figurations; refer to Group 32 of the 108SD and leaf causes hidden damage to other leaves. Re-
114SD Workshop Manual for details. placement of only the visibly damaged part(s) is
no assurance that the spring is safe. On front
spring assemblies, if cracks or breaks exist in the Try to move the torque rod ends using your
two top leaves, a loss of vehicle control could hands only, and check for any free-play. If free-
occur. Failure to replace a damaged spring assem- play is felt, replace the torque rod end bushing.
bly could cause an accident resulting in property Do not use a pry bar to check for free-play. Use
damage, serious personal injury, or death. of a pry bar may lead to premature bushing re-
placement.
IMPORTANT: On multi-leaf suspensions, closely
inspect each component of the leaf spring as- 4. Lift the rear of the vehicle and support the frame
semblies, including the brackets, U-bolts, and on jack stands to unload the suspension compo-
related parts. nents. The vehicle is lifted high enough when the
beam ends are off of the saddles.
2. Inspect the brackets for cracks in the castings.
Inspect the walking beam for cracks or other
Inspect the V-rod tower welds for cracking or
damage. If damage is found, replace the walking
other signs of damage. Also check for contact
beam.
between the frame rail and the upper axle clamp
brackets. If contact exists, check the V-rod bush- Keep the vehicle supported by the jack stands
ing for wear. Check the V-rod fastener torques. for the next operation.
3. Inspect the rubber center bearing and spring tip 5. Manipulate the walking beam so that a microm-
pads for excessive wear, including de-lamination eter, vernier, or dial caliper can be used to deter-
of the rubber-to-metal shim interface, and distor- mine the wear area thickness on the bottom
tion and degradation of rubber. face. See Fig. 5. Measurements should be taken
a minimum of 1/2 inch from the beam flange
4. Inspect the V-rods and lower control rods for
edges to eliminate any edge wear that may have
wear and looseness.
occurred. Subtract the wear area thickness (see
4.1 Without disconnecting the control rods, Fig. 5, Ref. B) from the thickness at the non-
use your hand to attempt to move each of wear area (see Fig. 5, Ref. A) to determine the
the control rod ends up, down, in, and amount of wear.
out. If there is any movement, examine
If the beams show any wear greater than 0.062
the control rods for wear or damage. Re-
inch (1.5 mm), a Chalmers wear plate must be
place if necessary.
installed, or the walking beam must be replaced.
4.2 Inspect the rubber bushings for cracks or
6. Rotate the restrictor cans 360 degrees and in-
cuts.
spect the cans for cracks, severe corrosion, and
4.3 Check for any shifting of the barpin. distortion. If any of these conditions are present,
4.4 Check for cracks in the metal compo- or the restrictor can is missing, replace the re-
nents and welds. strictor can.
1 1
1
05/27/93 320020a
B
A. Lubricate here.
1. Cap and Tube Assembly Bushing
Fig. 6, Equalizer Assembly Lubrication
Hendrickson
09/27/95 f320432 The Hendrickson RS Series Haulmaax, HN, and
A. Non-Wear Area B. Wear Area Primaax suspensions do not require lubrication.
1. Walking Beam For Hendrickson RT and RTE series suspensions,
lubricate the bronze, ball-indented bushings in the
Fig. 5, Walking Beam End Wear Thickness spring eye, as follows:
multipurpose chassis grease with a pressure gun 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, apply the
until the old grease is forced out. parking brakes, and chock the front tires.
2. Raise the rear of the vehicle until the rear wheels
Freightliner Spring Rear are suspended in the air, then support the ve-
Suspension hicle with safety stands. This relieves the load on
the bushings and pins to allow the proper flow of
Single Axle lubricant around them.
Lubrication is not required on single-axle spring rear 3. Using a multipurpose chassis grease, lubricate
suspensions. the bronze, ball-indented bushings in the spring
eyes at the grease fitting; see Fig. 7. Continue to
Tandem Axle lubricate until grease exits both ends of the
bushing. If the pin will not accept lubricant, re-
move the pin and clean the lubrication channels
NOTICE where lubricant may have hardened.
If the equalizer cap and tube assembly is 4. Lower the vehicle and remove the safety stands.
equipped with a nonrelief grease fitting, excessive
lubrication can damage the bushings.
Lubricate the equalizer cap and tube assembly bush-
3203 Suspension U-Bolt
ings by applying multipurpose chassis grease at the Torque Check
pressure relief grease fitting. See Fig. 6. Lubricate
with a hand gun or pressure gun until grease is Check the U-bolt torque of both the front and rear
forced out from the base of the pressure-relief fitting. axles where applicable.
4 1
4
2 3
2 3
10/05/2016 f320783
1. Park the vehicle on a flat surface and apply the Stage 1: Hand-tighten
Stage 2: 60 (81)
parking brakes. Chock the tires to prevent the 114
Stage 3: 200 (271)
vehicle from moving. Stage 4: 520 to 600 (707 to 816)
2. Check the U-bolt torque in a diagonal pattern. * Tighten in a diagonal pattern as shown in Fig. 8.
Set a click-type torque wrench to the highest Table 1, Spring Assembly U-Bolt High Nut Torque
torque value for the fastener being checked. See Values
Fig. 8 for the tightening pattern. See Table 1 for
U-bolt torque specifications. Turn the wrench in a
clockwise motion (looking up) until the torque
wrench clicks.
DANGER
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en-
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires.
Before working under the vehicle, always place
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps
could result in serious personal injury or death. A
NOTICE
Use regulated pressure when lubricating the
knuckle assemblies, otherwise damage could re-
sult to the knuckle caps.
Detroit Axles B 1
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, shut down 06/07/2012 f330272
the engine, and set the parking brake. Chock the
tires. When lubricating upper and lower knuckle A Upper View, LH Side B Lower View, LH Side
assemblies, do not raise the front axle. 1. Grease Fitting
1
1
1
11/21/95 f330129
A. Grease exits
1. Grease Fitting 1
09/06/96 f320032a
Fig. 3, Dana Spicer Knuckle Pin Lubrication A. Grease Exits
1. Grease Fitting
grease, NLGI Grade 2 (8% 12-hydroxy lithium stear-
ate grease), until new grease is seen at the bushing Fig. 4, Knuckle Pin Lubrication, Meritor Axles
grease seal opposite the fittings. The grease seal will
accept grease pressure without damage, and is de- 4. Position yourself directly below the ball stud
signed to have grease pumped out through it during socket. Using both hands, grab the end as close
lubrication. Even if grease leaks out around the top, to the socket as possible, no more than 6 inches
or bottom-plate gasket, continue pumping until new (15.2 cm) from the end. Firmly apply about 100
grease is seen at the bushing seal opposite the pounds of hand pressure in an up and down mo-
grease fitting; see Fig. 4. tion several times. When moving the assembly,
check for any movement at both tie rod ends.
NOTE: For operation in very cold climates, use See Fig. 5.
NLGI Grade 1 (6% 12-hydroxy lithium stearate
grease). If any movement is detected at one tie rod end,
replace both tie rod ends. Always replace tie rod
ends in pairs, even if only one tie rod end is
3302 Tie Rod Inspection damaged.
Toe-In Inspection
For vehicle alignment to be accurate, the shop floor
must be level in every direction. The turn plates for
the front wheels must rotate freely without friction,
and the alignment equipment must be calibrated
every three months by a qualified technician from the
equipment manufacturer. Freightliner dealers must
have proof of this calibration history.
1. Apply the parking brakes and chock the rear
tires. B
10/05/2016 f330082a
2. Raise the front of the vehicle until the tires clear
the ground. Place safety stands under the axle. NOTE: B minus A equals toe-in.
3. Using spray paint or a piece of chalk, mark the Fig. 7, Wheel Toe-In (overhead view)
entire center rib of each front tire.
4. Place a scribe or pointed instrument against the
marked center rib of each tire, and turn the tires.
The scribe must be held firmly in place so that a
single straight line is scribed all the way around
each front tire.
5. Place a turn-plate or turntable under both front
tires. Remove the safety stands and lower the
vehicle. Remove the lock-pins from the gauges;
make sure the tires are exactly straight ahead.
NOTE: If turn-plates or turntables are not avail- 10/05/2016 f330014a
able, lower the vehicle. Remove the chocks
from the rear tires and release the parking Fig. 8, Trammel Bar Positioning
brakes. Move the vehicle backward, then for-
ward about six feet (two meters). 3305 Wheel End Inspection,
6. Place a trammel bar at the rear of the front tires;
Front Axle
locate the trammel pointers at spindle height,
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, shut down
and adjust the pointers to line up with the scribe
the engine, set the parking brake, and chock the
lines on the center ribs of the front tires. See
Fig. 7. Lock in place. Check that the scale is set tires.
on zero.
7. Place the trammel bar at the front of the tires
WARNING
(see Fig. 8) and adjust the scale end so that the Never work around or under a vehicle that is sup-
pointers line up with the scribe lines. See Fig. 9. ported only by a jack. Always support the vehicle
8. Read the toe-in from the scale, and compare it to with safety stands. Jacks can slip, causing the
the toe-in specification in Group 33 of the vehicle to fall, which could result in serious injury
108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual. If correc- or death.
tions are needed, refer to Group 33 of the 2. Raise the front of the vehicle and support it with
108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual for instruc- safety stands.
tions on adjusting the toe-in.
WARNING
Correct wheel-bearing end play is crucial to the
safe and sound operation of the vehicle. If the end
play is not correct, the wheel bearings could fail
and cause the loss of the wheel and hub assem-
bly and result in an accident causing property
10/05/2016 f400100a damage, serious injury, or death. Use a dial indica-
tor to measure the end play.
Fig. 9, Setting Trammel Bar Pointers
IMPORTANT: Do not measure the wheel bear-
3. Remove the front wheel and tire assemblies. For ing end play with the wheel mounted on the
instructions, see Group 40 of the 108SD and hub; you cannot accurately measure or adjust
114SD Workshop Manual. bearing end play with the wheel mounted on the
4. Remove the brake drum. For more information, hub. Also, ensure that the brakes are not ap-
see Group 33 of the 108SD and 114SD Work- plied so that that drum and hub can move freely.
shop Manual. 11. Using a dial indicator, measure the end play as
5. Check for loose, damaged, or missing fasteners follows.
and hubcaps. 11.1 Attach the magnetic base of a dial indica-
6. Check for lubricant around the hub cap and tor to the end of the spindle, and place
wheel. If lubricant is present, investigate the the measuring end of the indicator
cause and take corrective action. against the hub cap mounting flange. See
Fig. 10.
7. Check for lubricant around the hub, brake hard-
ware, and brake shoes (if installed). If lubricant is IMPORTANT: Maintain continual pressure on
present, check the oil seal and replace it as nec- the hub until you have taken both the in-
essary. For instructions, see Section 33.02 of board and outboard measurements. If you
the 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual. release the hub, an accurate measurement
8. Inspect the lubricant for discoloration. Under nor- is not possible.
mal conditions, the lubricant will darken; a white 11.2 To seat the bearings, grip the hub at the
or milky appearance indicates water contamina- three oclock and nine oclock positions,
tion. If the lubricant is discolored, service the and push inward while oscillating it ap-
wheel end. See the 108SD and 114SD Work- proximately 45 degrees. Maintain pres-
shop Manual and manufacturer literature for pro- sure on the hub, note the inboard mea-
cedures. surement, and then pull the hub outward
while oscillating it as before. Maintain
1
06/20/2011 f330270
1. Hub Cap Mounting Flange
2. Dial Indicator (with magnetic base)
General Information
Fig. 12, Normal Oil Venting
As a function of their design, hubcap vent plugs will
on occasion exhibit signs of hub oil on their exterior A vent plug can wear or be damaged and cause ex-
surface. Depending on environmental conditions cessive leakage, or allow water to enter the hub and
and/or age of the plug, the amount of oil present can contaminate the oil. For examples of a leaking vent
vary. This is a normal result of the venting process plug, see Fig. 13 and Fig. 14. Evidence of a leaking
vent plug may appear as;
09/01/2016 f330300
4. Remove the vent plug and check the oil for evi-
dence of water contamination.
If there is evidence of water contaminated oil in
the hub, disassemble the effected axle end,
clean, inspect, and reassemble the axle end. For
instructions, refer to Group 33 of the vehicles
Workshop Manual.
09/01/2016 f330299 If there is evidence of excessive leakage, re-
move the damaged part and replace it with a
Fig. 13, Excessive Leakage new part.
5. Check the oil level in the hub, and fill the hub
Inspection with new approved oil as needed.
NOTICE
Only remove vent plugs by hand. They can be
damaged if a tool is used. Wipe the hub/plug area
clean before checking the oil. Do not use a pres-
sure washer to clean the hub/plug area. The plug
has a vent and this can contaminate the oil with
water.
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, shut down
the engine and set the parking brakes. Chock
the tires.
2. Inspect the axle hub cap and vent plug for evi-
dence of excessive leakage.
3. Wipe the hub cap and vent plug clean with a rag.
DANGER
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en- 2
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires.
Before working under the vehicle, always place
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps
could result in serious personal injury or death.
A
3501 Axle Lubricant Level
Check 1
NOTICE
Failure to keep the rear axle filled to the proper
level with the recommended lubricant can result in
rear axle damage.
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, shut down 2
the engine, and set the parking brake. Chock the
tires.
2. If the vehicle has just been driven, allow a few
minutes for the lubricant to settle.
NOTE: Some Detroit and Meritor axles have a
small tapped and plugged hole located below 4 3
the housing oil fill hole. This smaller hole is for
the lubricant temperature sensor only and must B
not be used as a fill or level hole. 12/07/2010 f350509a
3. Clean the oil fill hole plug (located in the carrier A. Front View
or the side of the axle housing) and the area sur- B. Rear View
rounding it, then remove the plug. 1. Axle Breather
2. Breather Hose
For Detroit axles, see Fig. 1; for Meritor axles, 3. Temperature Sensor Port
see Fig. 2; for Dana Spicer axles, see Fig. 3. 4. Oil Fill Plug
IMPORTANT: A lubricant level close enough to Fig. 1, Detroit Tandem Axle (forward axle shown)
be seen or touched is not sufficient. It must be
level with the bottom of the fill hole. For Meritor axles, see Table 3 for approved axle
lubricants, and Table 4 or Table 5 for axle ca-
4. Check the level of the lubricant. The lubricant pacities.
must be level with the bottom of the oil fill hole.
See Fig. 4. If low, add lubricant. For Dana Spicer axles, see Table 6 for approved
axle lubricants, and Table 7 for axle capacities.
For Detroit axles, see Table 1 for approved axle
lubricants and Table 2 for lubricant capacities.
5. Install the oil fill hole plug and tighten it per the
following: 3
For Detroit axles: 30 lbfft (41 Nm).
For Meritor axles: 35 lbfft (47 Nm).
For Dana Spicer axles: 50 lbfft (68 Nm).
6. On non-drive axles using oil-lubricated wheel
bearings, clean the hub cap and plug to minimize
the possibility of dirt and road grime entering the
assembly. Remove the plug, and check the oil
level. If low, add fluid using the same lubricant
recommended for the drive axle.
1
1
12/09/2010 f350531
1. Oil Fill Plug
2. Oil Drain Plug
3. Axle Breather
Fig. 3, Oil Fill and Drain Plugs and Axle Breather, Dana
Spicer Axles
A
2 3
10/05/2016 f350062a
1. Axle Housing Breathers
2. Carrier Oil Fill Plugs
3. Interaxle Differential
B
Fig. 2, Fill Hole Plug and Axle Housing Breather
Locations, Meritor Axles
10/05/2016 f350061a
A. Correct (lube level at bottom of fill hole)
B. Incorrect (lube level below fill hole)
Fig. 4, Axle Lubricant Level Check
Meritor Drive Axle Lubricant Capacities for Single Meritor Drive Axle Lubricant Capacities for Tandem
Axles Axles
Capacity*: Capacity:*
Axle Model Axle Model Axle Position
Pints (liters) Pints (liters)
RS23160 39.5 (18.7) Forward 56.1 (26.5)
RT58185
RS23161 37.2 (17.6) Rear 36.1 (17.1)
RS23186 47.3 (22.4) * Quantities listed are approximate and include 1 pint (0.5 liter) for each
wheel end and with the drive pinion at 3 degrees.
RS25160 37 (17)
Table 5, Meritor Drive Axle Lubricant Capacities for
RS26185 46.0 (22.0) Tandem Axles
RS30185 46.0 (22.0)
RS30380 58.2 (27.5) Dana Spicer Drive Axle Recommended Lubricant
RS38380 53.1 (25.1) Lubricant SAE
* Quantities listed are approximate and include 1 pint (0.5 liter) for each
Lubricant Type Condition Viscosity
wheel end and with the drive pinion at 3 degrees. Grade
Table 4, Meritor Drive Axle Lubricant Capacities for Dana Spicer Over-the-Road
Single Axles Roadranger 75W90
Service
Synthetic Drive Axle
Lubricants, or Off-Highway
Meritor Drive Axle Lubricant Capacities for Tandem Equivalent with Equipment, or
80W140
Axles Military Specification Under Extra
MILL2105D Heavy Loads
Capacity:*
Axle Model Axle Position
Pints (liters) Table 6, Dana Spicer Drive Axle Recommended
Lubricant
Forward 30.2 (14.3)
RT40145
Rear 25.8 (12.2)
Dana Spicer Drive Axle Lubricant Capacities
Forward 30.2 (14.3)
RT40145P Capacity*:
Rear 25.8 (12.2) Axle Model
Pints (liters)
Forward 39.1 (18.5)
RT40160 DD405 31 (14.7)
Rear 34.4 (16.3)
DP463P 40 (18.9)
RT44145 Forward 29.3 (13.9)
* Quantities listed are approximate. Fill axle until lubricant is level with bot-
RT44145P Rear 25.1 (11.9) tom of fill hole with vehicle on level ground.
Add 2 pints (1 L) of additional lubricant to the power divider.
Forward 39.1 (18.5)
RT46160 Table 7, Dana Spicer Drive Axle Lubricant Capacities
Rear 34.4 (16.3)
Forward 38.0 (18.0)
RT46164EH/P
Rear 33.0 (15.0)
3503 Axle Lubricant and Filter
Forward 38.0 (18.0)
Change, and Magnetic
RT50160
Rear 33.0 (15.0) Strainer Cleaning and
Forward 56.1 (26.5) Check
RT52185
Rear 36.1 (17.1)
NOTICE
When operating under adverse conditions, it may
be necessary to change the axle lubricant at more
frequent intervals than listed in the scheduled
maintenance tables. Failure to do so could result 5.2 Check the fluid level; see Fig. 4.
in axle damage. 5.3 Install and tighten the fill plug 30 lbfft (41
Nm).
Detroit Axles
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, shut down Meritor Axles
the engine, and set the parking brake. Chock the
tires. IMPORTANT: If using synthetic lubricant, the
lubricant change interval is extended to 100,000
2. Clean the oil fill plug and the area around it, then miles (160 000 km). On axles with a pump and
remove the plug from the oil fill hole. See Fig. 1.
filter system, the filter change interval is 100,000
miles (160 000 km).
CAUTION
1. Park the vehicle on level ground, apply the park-
Be careful when draining the axle oil. It may be ing brakes, and chock the front tires.
very hot, and could cause personal injury if it con-
NOTE: Some Meritor axles have a small tapped
tacts the skin.
and plugged hole near and below the housing
3. Place a drain pan under the rear axle drain plug. lubricant fill hole. This smaller hole is for a lubri-
Drain the oil when it is warm. At this tempera- cant temperature indicator only, and should not
ture, the oil will run more freely and ensure that be used as a fill or level hole.
the axle is flushed.
2. Clean the area around the fill plug, then remove
4. Clean the fill and drain plugs as follows. Change the fill plug.
them if necessary.
3. Place a drain pan under the drain plug, then re-
4.1 For magnetic plugs, use a piece of key move the drain plug from the bottom of the hous-
stock or any other convenient steel slug ing. Completely drain the lubricant while the unit
to short the two magnetic poles and divert is warm, to allow the lubricant to drain faster.
the magnetic field.
On tandem-drive axles, it is also necessary to
4.2 Clean away the collected material depos- remove the plug at the bottom of the interaxle
ited on each pole. Magnets will rapidly differential housing to drain that lubricant.
lose their effectiveness as collected mate-
rial bridges the gap between the two 4. If equipped with an oil pump, replace the filter.
poles.
NOTE: There may be about one pint (0.5 L)
4.3 Inspect the drain plug for large quantities of lubricant remaining in the filter.
of metal particles.
4.1 Remove the axle oil filter using a suitable
4.4 After cleaning, install the drain plug(s) filter strap wrench (see Fig. 5) and dis-
and tighten to 30 lbfft (41 Nm). card it.
NOTE: Some Detroit axles have a small tapped 4.2 Using recommended drive axle lubricant
and plugged hole near and below the housing (see Table 3), coat the face of the gasket
oil fill hole. This smaller hole is for a lubricant on the new oil filter.
temperature indicator only, and should not be 4.3 Install the filter over the adapter, and
used as a fill or level hole. tighten the filter one full turn after the
5. Fill the axle with the recommended lubricant as gasket contacts the base; do not
follows. See Table 1 for approved axle lubricants overtighten.
and Table 2 for lubricant capacities. 5. Clean the fill and drain plugs as follows. Change
5.1 With the vehicle on a level surface, fill the them if necessary.
axle through the oil fill hole. Lubricant 5.1 For magnetic plugs, use a piece of key
should be level with the bottom of the oil stock or any other convenient steel slug
fill hole.
9. Inspect the lubricant for discoloration. Under nor- release the hub, an accurate measurement
mal conditions, the lubricant will darken; a white is not possible.
or milky appearance indicates water contamina-
tion. If the lubricant is discolored, service the 12.2 To seat the bearings, grip the hub at the
wheel end. See the 108SD and 114SD Work- three oclock and nine oclock positions,
shop Manual and manufacturer literature for pro- and push inward while oscillating it ap-
cedures. proximately 45 degrees. Maintain pres-
sure on the hub, note the inboard mea-
IMPORTANT: Do not mix different types of lubri- surement, and then pull the hub outward
cants. while oscillating it as before. Maintain
pressure on the hub, and note the out-
10. Inspect the lubricant for the presence of foreign
board measurement.
matter. Use a magnet to detect any metallic ma-
terials present in the lubricant. If the lubricant is The end play is the difference between
contaminated, service the hub. See the 108SD the two measurements. The end play limit
and 114SD Workshop Manual and manufacturer for PreSet hubs is 0.006 inch (0.15 mm);
literature for procedures. for non-PreSet hubs the acceptable range
is 0.001 to 0.005 inch (0.03 to 0.13 mm)
11. Rotate the hub and check for free, smooth, and
inclusive.
quiet rotation. If rotation is hampered or rough, or
any unusual noise is heard, service the hub im- If the end play does not exceed the limit
mediately. See the 108SD and 114SD Workshop and no other problems were found in the
Manual and manufacturer literature for proce- previous steps, no additional service is
dures. necessary. If the end play exceeds the
limit, service the hub. See the 108SD and
WARNING 114SD Workshop Manual and manufac-
turer literature for procedures.
Correct wheel-bearing end play is crucial to the
safe and sound operation of the vehicle. If the end
play is not correct, the wheel bearings could fail
and cause the loss of the wheel and hub assem-
bly and result in an accident causing property 2
damage, serious injury, or death. Use a dial indica- 1
tor to measure the end play.
IMPORTANT: Do not measure the wheel bear-
ing end play with the wheel mounted on the
hub; you cannot accurately measure or adjust
bearing end play with the wheel mounted on the
hub. Also, ensure that the brakes are not ap-
plied so that that drum and hub can move freely.
12. Using a dial indicator, measure the end play as
follows.
12.1 Attach the magnetic base of a dial indica-
tor to the spindle, and place the measur-
ing end of the indicator squarely against 07/05/2011 f350538
the flange as shown in Fig. 7.
1. Dial Indicator (with magnetic base)
IMPORTANT: Maintain continual pressure on 2. Axle Shaft Mounting Flange
the hub until you have taken both the in-
Fig. 7, Dial Indicator Setup
board and outboard measurements. If you
7 9
NOTICE 3 8 2
A B
Insufficient wheel nut (rim nut) torque can cause
09/18/2001 f400164
wheel shimmy, resulting in wheel damage, stud
breakage, and extreme tire tread wear. Excessive A. 8-Stud Disc Wheel B. 10-Stud Disc Wheel
wheel nut torque can break studs, damage Fig. 1, Wheel Nut Tightening Sequence
threads, and crack discs in the stud hole area.
Follow the tightening sequence shown in Fig. 1,
using the recommended torque values in Table 1.
DANGER
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en-
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires. 2
Before working under the vehicle, always place
1
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the
1
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps
could result in serious personal injury or death. 2
12/16/2008 f410529
Tighten the capscrews in a counterclockwise sequence,
4101 Driveline Inspection starting with either number 1 position.
Fig. 1, Tightening Sequence, Half-Round Yoke Bearing
1. Park the vehicle on a flat, level surface, apply Strap Capscrews
the parking brakes, and chock the tires.
If any end-yoke can be moved in or out on its
WARNING shaft, or can be rocked on its shaft, disconnect
the driveshaft and U-joint from the yoke, then
Self-locking bearing-cup or bearing-strap cap- check the drive components shaft seal for leak-
screws must not be reused; replace the cap- age or other visible damage that may have been
screws with new ones. Also, do not undertighten caused by the loose yoke. Replace the seal if
or overtighten any bearing-cup or bearing-strap needed, then tighten the yoke nut. Refer to Sec-
capscrews. A loose or broken fastener at any tion 41.00, Specifications 400 of the 108SD
point in the driveline weakens the driveline con- and 114SD Workshop Manual for torque specifi-
nection, which could cause serious vehicle dam- cations. If the yoke is still loose after tightening
age, or could result in a driveshaft separating the yoke nut, replace the end-yoke and yoke nut.
from the vehicle, possibly causing loss of vehicle Replace the prevailing torque locknut (end-yoke
control that could result in serious personal injury nut) if it was removed for yoke replacement, seal
or death. replacement, or any other reason.
2. Check the torque of the U-joint capscrews; see 4. Check U-joint assemblies for wear by moving the
Table 1 for installed torque values. driveshaft up and down, and from side to side. If
Remove and discard any loose capscrews. Do any movement of the U-joint cross in the bear-
not reuse any loosened self-locking capscrews; ings can be felt or seen, replace the U-joint as-
they are designed for one-time installation only. sembly.
Replace all loosened and removed capscrews 5. Check if the midship bearing and mounting are
with new ones. Tighten the new capscrews as loose or have deteriorated, by attempting to
specified in Table 1. move the driveshaft up and down, and from side
For half-round yokes with bearing straps , tighten to side. If the bearing is loose on its shaft, or
the bearing-strap capscrews following the tight- rattles, replace it. If the bearing mount is loose
ening sequence shown in Fig. 1, in increments on the frame, tighten the mounting fasteners to
of 20 lbfft (25 Nm) to the torque specifications the proper torque value. See Section 41.00,
listed in Table 1. Specifications 400 of the 108SD and 114SD
Workshop Manual for torque specifications. Re-
3. Check the driveline yokes for cracks, and check place the midship bearing assembly if the rubber
end-yokes for looseness; see Fig. 2. cushion is deteriorated or oil-soaked.
Replace cracked yokes.
9. For driveshafts with slip joints, check to be sure 3. Use a hand-type grease gun, or a high-pressure
the yoke plug is not loose or missing; see Fig. 6, gun with a low-pressure adapter, to lubricate
item 2. Repair or replace the yoke plug as U-joints. If a low-pressure adapter is not used,
needed. If the yoke plug is missing, the splined U-joints may not receive enough grease.
shaft may be hitting the plug and knocking it out; Using lithium 12-Hydroxy stearate grease (NLGI
contact your Regional Service Office for assis- Grade 2, with EP additives), lubricate until new
tance in determining the correct driveshaft grease can be seen at all four U-joint seals.
length. Fresh grease must be seen escaping from all
four bearing-cap seals of each U-joint. On full-
4102 Driveline Lubrication round yokes equipped with a bearing cup, if most
of the grease being added to a U-joint can be
seen escaping from just one of the U-joint seals,
Universal Joint Lubrication check the torque on the capscrews at that seal.
NOTE: Vehicles equipped with Meritor RPL Se- 4. Tighten the bearing-cup capscrews 38 to 48 lbfft
ries drivelines do not require periodic lubrication. (52 to 65 Nm) as needed. If the capscrews were
already tight, or all of the U-joint seals still do not
1. Park the vehicle on a flat surface, apply the park- purge, remove the bearing cup at that seal, and
ing brakes, and chock the tires. examine the seal for damage. If the seal is dam-
2. Wipe all old grease and dirt from each U-joint aged, replace the complete U-joint.
grease fitting; see Fig. 6, item 8. 5. If grease does not appear at one seal, use a pry-
ing tool to pry the U-joint trunnion away from the
15
14
13
16
3
8 9
7 12
11
1
2
10
6
5
4
3
12/08/2010 f410067c
NOTE: Not all fasteners are shown.
1. Transmission 6. U-Joint Cross 11. Dust Cap
2. Transmission Output-Shaft 7. Bearing Cup (for half-round 12. Splined Stub Shaft
End-Yoke (half-round) yoke) 13. Driveshaft Tube
3. U-Joint Assembly 8. Bearing Strap and Bearing- 14. Tube-Yoke (full-round)
4. Bearing Plate Self-Locking Strap Capscrew 15. Axle Input-Shaft End-Yoke
Capscrew 9. Slip-Joint Assembly (half-round)
5. Bearing Cup (for full-round 10. Sleeve-Yoke (full-round) 16. Rear Axle
yoke)
Fig. 2, Components of a Basic Driveline
10/06/2016 f410182
10/06/2016 f410012a
Attempt to move the sleeve-yoke and splined shaft back Fig. 5, Meritor RPL Series U-Joint
and forth.
Fig. 3, Slip Joint Spline Wear Checking 5
1 1
3
4
7
2 2 3
R I T OR
ME
8
3 1
1 1 A
10/06/2016 f410155a
10/07/2016 f410050a
1. Self-Locking Capscrew
2. Adhesive Band A. After grease appears, cover the pressure-relief hole
while continuing to lubricate.
Fig. 4, Meritor U-Joint Fasteners for Full-Round Yokes 1. Slip Joint Grease Fitting (with grease gun attached)
2. Yoke Plug
non-purging seal, or tap the driveshaft or yoke 3. Grease
with a plastic or rawhide mallet on the side oppo- 4. Half-Round Yoke
site the dry seal, while continuing to lubricate. If 5. Yoke Plug Pressure-Relief Hole
grease still does not appear, loosen the cap- 6. Slip Joint Seal
screws at the bearing with the dry seal, to relieve 7. Full-Round Yoke
seal tension. Lubricate the U-joint until new 8. U-Joint Grease Fitting
grease is seen at the seal, then tighten the cap-
Fig. 6, Slip Joint and U-Joint Lubrication
screws to the correct torque specifications. If the
bearing will not take grease, replace the U-joint; 6. Check the purged grease. If it appears rusty,
see Group 41 of the 108SD and 114SD Work- gritty, or burned, replace the U-joint.
shop Manual.
2
11
3 9
4 25
5 12 10 8
14 10
24
10
10 10
8 10
6
23
13
10 15 22
7
8 21
20
18 19
17
16
08/09/95 f421383
1. 5/16 x 4-1/2 Upper Mounting 9. Desiccant Cartridge 18. Purge Valve
Bracket Bolt 10. O-Ring 19. 1/4-Inch Tapping Screw
2. Upper Mounting Bracket Strap 11. Safety Valve 20. Purge Valve Housing
3. Lockwasher 12. Lower Mounting Bracket 21. Heater and Thermostat
4. 5/16-Inch Nylok Nut 13. 3/8-Inch Bolt (long) Housing
5. Upper Mounting Bracket 14. Check Valve Assembly 22. Return Spring
6. Housing 15. Purge Valve Assembly 23. Purge Piston
7. Nylok Nut 16. Purge Valve Capscrew 24. 3/8-Inch Bolt
8. 3/8-Inch Special Washer 17. Exhaust Diaphragm 25. End Cover
14. Place the desiccant cartridge in a vise, and turn IMPORTANT: Replace, do not reuse the Nylok
the end cover clockwise an additional 180 to 225 nuts on the air dryer cover.
degrees to fully tighten the desiccant cartridge to
the end cover. 16. Install the 6 bolts, 12 washers, and 6 new Nylok
nuts. Torque the Nylok nuts in a star pattern 17
NOTE: Desiccant cartridge torque should not to 24 lbfft (23 to 33 Nm). See Fig. 2.
exceed 50 lbfft (68 Nm).
17. Install the air dryer on the lower mounting
15. Place the housing over the desiccant cartridge bracket. Install the two previously marked bolts,
and align the mounting holes with the end cover. four washers, and two new Nylok nuts. Torque
the two remaining Nylok nuts 17 to 24 lbfft (23
2.4 When proper adjustment is obtained, 1.1 An outside air source has been used to
tighten the adjusting screw locknut, and charge the system. This air did not pass
install the top cover. The pressure range through the drying bed.
between cut-in and cut-out is not adjust- 1.2 Air usage is exceptionally high and not
able. normal. This may be due to high air sys-
Cut-In Position tem leakage.
Apply soap solution around the cover and to the ex- 1.3 In areas where more than a 30-degree
haust port. Slight bubble leakage is permitted. Exces- range of temperature occurs in one day,
sive leakage indicates a faulty inlet valve or faulty small amounts of water can temporarily
lower piston O-ring. accumulate in the air brake system due to
condensation. Under these conditions, the
Cut-Out Position presence of small amounts of moisture is
normal.
Apply soap solution around the cover and to the ex-
haust port. Slight bubble leakage is permitted. Exces- NOTE: A small amount of oil in the system is
sive leakage indicates a faulty exhaust valve seat, normal and should not be considered as a rea-
exhaust stem O-ring, or O-ring at the top of the son to replace the desiccant cartridge. Some oil
piston. at the dryer exhaust is normal.
If the governor does not function as described, or if 2. Visually check for physical damage such as
leakage is excessive, it is recommended that it be chaffed or broken air and electrical lines and bro-
replaced with a new or remanufactured unit, or re- ken or missing parts.
paired with genuine Bendix parts.
3. Check mounting bolts for tightness. Tighten 30 to
35 lbfft (41 to 47 Nm).
4204 Air Dryer Check 4. Perform the operational and leakage tests listed
below.
The information in this MOP applies to Bendix AD-9,
AD-IP, and AD-IS/DRM air dryers. Operational and Leakage Tests
IMPORTANT: Review the warranty policy before 1. Check all lines and fittings leading to and from
performing any intrusive maintenance proce- the air dryer for leakage and integrity. Repair any
dures. An extended-warranty may be voided if leaks found.
intrusive maintenance is performed during this 2. Build system pressure to governor cutout, and
period. note that the dryer purges with an audible es-
Because no two vehicles operate under identical cape of air. Watch the system pressure and note
conditions, maintenance and maintenance intervals the pressure fall-off for a 10-minute period. If the
will vary. Experience is a valuable guide in determin- pressure drop exceeds 1 psi/minute from either
ing the best maintenance interval for any one particu- service reservoir for a single vehicle; or 3
lar operation. psi/minute for a tractor trailer, inspect the vehicle
air systems for sources of leakage, and repair
Every 900 operating hours, or 25,000 miles (40 225 them. Refer to troubleshooting information in
km), or 3 months: Bendix service literature.
1. Check for moisture in the air brake system by 3. Check for excessive leakage around the purge
opening reservoir drain valves and checking for valve with the compressor in the loaded mode
the presence of water. If moisture is present, the (compressing air). Apply a soap solution to the
desiccant cartridge may require replacement; purge valve exhaust port and observe that leak-
however, the following conditions can also cause age does not exceed a 1-inch (25-mm) bubble in
water accumulation and should be considered 1 second. If the leakage exceeds the maximum
before replacing the desiccant: specified, refer to troubleshooting information in
the Bendix service literature.
4. Build system pressure to governor cutout, and 1095 psi (751 34 kPa), then level off (or a mo-
note that the dryer purges with an audible es- mentary slight fall) as the second pressure pro-
cape of air. Fan the service brakes to reduce tection valve opens supplying the secondary res-
system air pressure to governor cut-in. Note that ervoir. When the secondary pressure gauge
the system once again builds to full pressure and passes through approximately 55 5 psi (379
is followed by a dryer purge. If the system does 34 kPa) and then 85 5 psi (586 34 kPa)
not follow this pattern, refer to troubleshooting there should be an associated levelling off (or
information in the Bendix service literature. momentary slight fall) of pressure as the third
5. Check operation of the end cover heater and and fourth pressure protection valves open. Fi-
thermostat assembly during cold weather, as fol- nally, both the primary and secondary gauges
lows: should reach their full pressure of approximately
130 5 psi (896 34 kPa). If the AD-IS does not
5.1 Electric Power to the Dryer: With the igni- perform within the pressure ranges described
tion or engine kill switch in the ON posi- above, recheck using gauges known to be accu-
tion, check for voltage to the heater and rate. If readings remain outside the ranges out-
thermostat assembly using a voltmeter or lined above, replace the AD-IS.
testlight. Unplug the electrical connector
at the air dryer and place the test leads There are no kits available for servicing the pres-
on each of the connections of the female sure protection valves.
connector on the vehicle power lead. If
there is no voltage, look for a blown fuse, WARNING
broken wires, or corrosion in the vehicle
wiring harness. Check to see if a good Do not attempt to adjust or service the pressure
ground path exists. protection valves. Incorrect pressure protection
valve settings can result in automatic application
5.2 Thermostat and Heater Assembly Opera- of the vehicle spring brakes without prior warning.
tion: These tests are not possible except This can cause personal injury or property dam-
in cold-weather operation. Turn off the age.
ignition switch, and cool the thermostat
and heater assembly to below 40F
(4C). Using an ohmmeter, check resis- 4205 Brake Inspection
tance between the electrical pins in the
air dryer connector half. Resistance IMPORTANT: This procedure should be per-
should be 1.5 to 3.0 ohms for the 12-volt formed prior to lubrication of the brake compo-
heater assembly, and 6.0 to 9.0 ohms for nents.
the 24-volt heater assembly.
NOTE: Some models of the AD-9 may Parking Brake Operational Check
have a resistance reading of 1.0 to 2.5
ohms.
CAUTION
Warm the thermostat and heater assem-
bly to approximately 90F (32C) and Perform the following check in a clear, safe area. If
again check the resistance. Resistance the parking brakes fail to hold the vehicle, per-
should exceed 1000 ohms. If resistance sonal injury or property damage may result.
values obtained are within stated limits, 1. With the engine running, and air pressure at cut-
the thermostat and heater assembly is out pressure, set the parking brake.
operating properly. If resistance values
obtained are outside stated limits, replace 2. Put the vehicle in the lowest gear and gently at-
the heater and thermostat assembly. tempt to move it forward. The vehicle should not
move. If the vehicle moves, the parking brakes
6. On the AD-IS/dryer reservoir module (DRM) only, are not operating correctly and must be repaired
observe the pressure gauges of the vehicle as before the vehicle is returned to service. See
system pressure builds from zero. The primary
gauge should rise until it reaches approximately
Group 42 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop 3. Check to see if the colored over-stroke band on
Manual for repair procedures. each brake chamber pushrod is exposed.
If a band shows, the stroke is too long. Check
Brake Component Inspection the foundation brake components for wear or
1. Park the vehicle on a level surface, set the park- damage, and repair as needed. See Group 42 of
ing brake, and chock the tires. Once the tires are the 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual for in-
chocked, release the parking brake. spection, troubleshooting, and repair procedures.
4. Measure the applied chamber stroke. See
WARNING Table 1 for the proper stroke for the type of
chamber being used. If the stroke is too short,
Manually adjusting an automatic slack adjuster to the brakes may drag or will not fully apply. Check
bring the pushrod stroke within legal limits is for improper operation or adjustment of the auto-
likely masking a mechnical problem. Adjustment matic slack adjuster. See Group 42 of the
is not repairing. Before adjusting an automatic 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual for inspec-
slack adjuster, troubleshoot the foundation brake tion and troubleshooting procedures.
system and inspect it for worn or damaged com- 5. Start the engine and build air pressure to at least
ponents. Improperly maintaining the vehicle brak- 100 psi (689 kPa). Shut down the engine.
ing system may lead to brake failure, resulting in
property damage, personal injury, or death. 6. Check all of the foundation brake components for
damage, wear, and loose or missing parts. Re-
2. With the engine off, and 100 psi (689 kPa) of air pair as needed. See Group 42 of the 108SD and
tank pressure, have an assistant apply and hold 114SD Workshop Manual for repair procedures.
an 80 to 90 psi (550 to 620 kPa) brake applica-
tion.
4206 Slack Adjuster slack adjusters use a special NLGI grade syn-
thetic polyurea grease, and do not require lubri-
Lubrication cation for 3 years or 500,000 miles (800 000
km), whichever comes first. Extended-
IMPORTANT: Perform MOP 42-05 before lubri- maintenance slack adjusters are lubricated dur-
cating the slack adjusters. ing the brake reline service interval. For service
Automatic slack adjusters that have a grease fitting and lubrication instructions, see Group 42 of
must be lubricated periodically to ensure proper the 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual.
brake operation.
For slack adjusters with grease fittings and for oper-
ating temperatures above 40F (40C), use an
WARNING NLGI Grade 1 clay-base grease or an NLGI Grade 1
or 2 lithium-base grease.
Failure to lubricate slack adjusters could lead to
dragging brakes or a brake failure, resulting in For slack adjusters with grease fittings, and for oper-
property damage, personal injury, or death. ating temperatures below 40F (40C) and above
65F (54C), use an NLGI Grade 2 synthetic oil or
Meritor a clay-base grease.
Lubricate the slack adjuster at the grease fitting until
NOTE: If equipped with an extended- grease is forced past the pressure-relief capscrew or
maintenance Q Plus brake system, the slack past the gear splines around the inboard snap ring.
adjuster will not have a grease fitting. These See Fig. 4.
2 1
7 2
6 f420012a
10/20/93
1. Brake Chamber
2. Clevis
3. Actuator Rod
4. Boot
5. Pull-Pawl Seal
6. Manual Adjusting Nut 02/01/2001 f421649a
7. Grease Fitting (or plug)
1. Grease Fitting 2. Slack Adjuster
Fig. 4, Meritor Automatic Slack Adjuster
Fig. 5, Haldex Slack Adjuster Grease Fitting
Haldex wheel onto the camshaft. Lubricate the automatic
slack adjuster at the grease fitting until grease ap-
NOTICE pears on the camshaft. See Fig. 7.
4 1
5
6
3
7
3
8 2
2 9 A
10/07/2016 f420011a
A. Grease Exit
1. Brake Chamber
1
2. Slack Adjuster
3. Non-Pressure-Relief Grease Fitting
10
Fig. 7, Camshaft Bracket Lubrication
10/27/93 f420653a 1
1. 7/16-Inch Adjusting Nut
2. Grease Fitting
3. Boot
4. Link 3
5. Brake Chamber Piston Rod
6. Clevis
7. 1/2-Inch Clevis Pin
2
8. 1/4-Inch Clevis Pin
9. Grease Relief Opening
10. Slack Adjuster Spline
A
Fig. 6, Gunite Automatic Slack Adjuster 10/07/2016 f420011a
4208 Foot-Control Valve, E-6, 8. Remove the plunger from the valve. Clean the
existing grease from the plunger, using alcohol.
Inspection and Check the plunger for signs of wear or cracks.
Replace it as needed.
Lubrication
9. Lubricate the plunger with synthetic grease of
1. Remove the brake valve from the vehicle. See NLGI Grade 1.5, such as 76 Triton synthetic EP
Section 42.08, Subject 110 of the 108SD and Grease (FTL Sped 48-25432-000).
114SD Workshop Manual for instructions. 10. Insert the plunger in the valve.
2. Remove the roll pin from the brake pedal pivot 11. Install the brake pedal with the pivot pin.
pin. See Fig. 9.
12. Install a new roll pin, then apply Torque Seal
2 (OPG F900 White) to the roll pin.
13. Install the brake valve assembly. See Section
5
42.08, Subject 110 of the 108SD and 114SD
Workshop Manual for instructions.
1 6 14. Test the brakes before returning the vehicle to
3 service.
4 7
8 4209 Air Brake Inspection and
Leak Test
IMPORTANT: If any of the tests in the following
procedure fail, refer to Group 42 of the 108SD
and 114SD Workshop Manual to test individual
air brake components and valves.
09/10/2004 f430405
WARNING
1. Foot-Control Valve, 5. Roll Pin
E-6 6. Roller Some steps in this operation require the parking
2. Mounting Plate 7. Roller Pin brakes to be released. Make sure the vehicle is on
3. Nut and Washer 8. Pedal a level surface and all tires are chocked. Failure to
4. Pivot Pin do so could result in the vehicle rolling, causing
Fig. 9, Brake Pedal and Valve Assembly
personal injury and/or vehicle damage.
1. With the vehicle parked on a level surface, shut
3. Remove the brake pedal pivot pin. down the engine, apply the parking brakes, and
4. Remove the brake pedal. chock all tires.
5. Check the brake pedal mounting plate adapter 2. Completely drain all air reservoirs.
for signs of wear or cracks at the bosses (the 3. Install accurate test gauges in the primary and
area from which the pivot pin was removed). Re- secondary reservoirs.
place it as needed.
4. Start the engine and run it at a fast idle.
6. Check the brake pedal rollers for signs of wear
or cracks. Replace the rollers as needed. 5. Record reservoir pressures when the low-
pressure warning turns off.
7. If the rollers are replaced, replace the roller pin,
install a new cotter pin, bend it 90 degrees, and 6. Record governor cut-out pressure and air dryer
apply Torque Seal (OPG F900 White) to the cot- purge pressure.
ter pin.
7. Reduce service air pressure by applying and re- 16. Make a service brake application. The rear axle
leasing the service brakes several times, and brakes should apply and release and the brake
record governor cut-in pressure. lights should illuminate.
8. Charge the air system to governor cut-out, shut On tractors, with the trailer supply knob pushed
down the engine, and apply the parking brakes. in, the trailer control coupling should deliver air
9. Allow pressure to stabilize for one minute. during the brake application.
10. Observe the installed service reservoir gauges. 17. Push the trailer air supply valve knob in. With the
The pressure should not drop more than 10 psi secondary reservoir still completely drained,
(69 kPa) within five minutes. slowly drain the primary reservoir and record the
pressure at which the knob automatically comes
11. If necessary, start the engine and charge the air out. This pressure should be 20 to 45 psi (138 to
system. Shut down the engine and release the 310 kPa).
parking brakes.
18. Close the drain cocks, recharge the system, and
12. Make and hold a full service brake application, completely drain the primary reservoir. On ve-
allowing the pressure to stabilize for one minute. hicles equipped with a DRM or AD-IS with the air
Observe the installed service reservoir gauges. dryer attached to the reservoir, the secondary
The pressure should not drop more than 15 psi reservoir pressure should not drop below 65 psi
(103 kPa) in five minutes. (448 kPa). On vehicles equipped with single
13. With the air system at full pressure and the en- check valves, where the air dryer is not attached
gine idling, perform the following: to the reservoir, the secondary reservoir should
not lose air pressure.
On trucks, operate the parking brake con-
trol valve and note that the parking brakes 19. On tractors only:
apply and release promptly as the control 19.1 Start the engine and build the system air
valve knob is pulled out and pushed in on pressure to governor cut-out.
the spring brake axles only.
19.2 Shut down the engine and leave the park-
On tractors, operate the trailer supply con- ing brakes released.
trol valve knob. Note the air coming out of
the trailer control coupling. Operate the 19.3 Completely drain the primary reservoir.
park control knob and note that the parking 19.4 Make a modulated service brake applica-
brakes apply and release promptly as the tion by depressing the brake pedal. The
knob is pulled out and pushed in. Block the front brakes should apply and release
trailer supply coupling, and push the trailer and the brake lights should illuminate. In
supply control valve and park control valve addition to the front brakes, with the
knobs in. When the park control valve knob trailer supply knob pushed in, the trailer
is pulled out, the trailer supply knob should control coupling should deliver air during
also come out. the brake application.
14. Build air system pressure to cut-out and shut 20. On trucks only:
down the engine.
20.1 Start the engine and charge the air sys-
15. Completely drain the secondary (front axle) res- tem until governor cut-out.
ervoir. On vehicles equipped with a Dryer Reser-
20.2 Shut down the engine and leave the park-
voir Module (DRM) or AD-IS with the air dryer
ing brakes released.
attached to the reservoir, the primary (rear axle)
reservoir pressure should not drop below 65 psi 20.3 Completely drain the primary reservoir.
(448 kPa). On vehicles equipped with single 20.4 Make a modulated service brake applica-
check valves, where the air dryer is not attached tion. Both front and rear brakes should
to the reservoir, the primary reservoir should not modulate. At a steady full brake applica-
lose pressure. tion, the pressure should not drop more
than 10 psi (69 kPa) within five minutes.
NOTICE
The WABCO System Saver air dryers can use ei-
ther a standard or oil coalescing desiccant car-
tridge. When replacing the desiccant cartridge, it
is very important to use the same type of car- 10/07/2016 f421292
tridge that was originally installed on the dryer. Oil 1. Seal 3. Air Dryer Base
coalescing cartridges can be used in any applica- 2. O-Ring
tion, but require more frequent service intervals
(every 1 to 2 years instead of every 2 to 3 years Fig. 10, Desiccant Cartridge Replacement
for a standard cartridge). Do not replace an oil co-
alescing cartridge with a standard cartridge, as 4211 Versajust Slack Adjuster
this may result in contamination and malfunction-
ing of downstream air system components.
Inspection and
Refer to Fig. 10 for cartridge replacement.
Lubrication
1. Drain the air system. IMPORTANT: Perform the Brake Inspection
2. Using a strap wrench, turn the desiccant car- maintenance operation before lubricating the
tridge counterclockwise and remove it. slack adjusters.
3. Remove and discard the O-ring. 1. Visually check for physical damage, such as bro-
ken air lines and broken or missing parts.
4. Clean the top surface of the dryer base with a
commercial cleaning solvent. 2. Using a quality multipurpose chassis lubricant,
NLGI Grade 2, lubricate the slack adjuster
IMPORTANT: If the air dryer base is damaged, through the grease fitting until clean lubricant
preventing a tight seal, replace the air dryer. flows from the grease relief opening in the boot.
5. Using a multipurpose, high-temperature grease 3. Perform the "In Service Inspection."
that resists water, steam, and alkali, lightly coat
the surfaces of the new O-ring and the dryer In Service Inspection
base. Install the O-ring.
1. Apply and release the brakes several times while
6. Thread the desiccant cartridge onto the dryer observing the slack adjuster. The slack adjuster
base (turn clockwise). When the seal contacts and brake actuator should move freely, without
the base, tighten the cartridge one complete turn binding or interference, and should return to the
more. Do not overtighten. full released position. Observe the looseness that
exists between the clevis and adapter bushing
and the yoke and link pins and their mating parts
DANGER
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en-
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires.
Before working under the vehicle, always place 4
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the 7
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps
could result in serious personal injury or death. 5
6
4601 Drag Link Inspection 2
8
3
WARNING
All steering system components are critical for
safe operation of the vehicle. Failure to maintain
the steering system as specified may result in 5
loss of steering control, which could lead to per- 8 7
sonal injury and property damage. 12/14/2010
4 f462186a
Have someone turn the steering wheel from left to 1. Steering Gear 5. Castle Nut
right. As the steering wheel is turned, check for 2. Pitman Arm 6. Steering Arm
looseness between the ball stud and the pitman arm, 3. Drag Link 7. Ball Stud
and between the other ball stud and the steering 4. Cotter Pin 8. Boot
arm. Check for loose ball stud castle nuts. See
Fig. 1. Fig. 1, Drag Link Assembly
3. Remove the retaining ring from the reservoir. NOTE: Always install a new power steering res-
See Fig. 2. ervoir filter when changing the fluid.
3 11. Disconnect the filter from the filter cover, and dis-
2 card the filter.
4
12. Apply a thin film of power steering fluid on the
gasket of the new filter. Then attach the filter to
the filter cover. Hand-tighten the filter, then turn it
an additional 1/4 turn.
1 13. Install the filter and filter cover in the reservoir.
Make sure that the gasket under the filter cover
is not damaged. If the gasket is damaged, re-
place it. Install the gasket on the reservoir.
14. Attach the retaining ring to the reservoir to se-
cure the filter and filter cover.
15. Start the engine and check that the power steer-
ing fluid level is between the MIN COLD and
10/19/2001 f461917 MAX HOT lines. Add more power steering fluid if
1. Power Steering Reservoir needed.
2. Retaining Ring
3. Filter Cover
16. Raise the vehicle, remove the jack stands, and
4. Return Hose lower the vehicle.
4604 Power Steering Gear grease) or NLGI Grade 1 (6% 12-hydroxy lithium
stearate grease). Grade 2 is preferred.
Lubrication
TRW TAS and THP Series
Sector Shaft
NOTICE
Apply grease to the sector shaft with a hand-type 1 2
grease gun only. Use of a high-pressure power 10/07/2016 f461072
grease gun will supply grease too quickly and
could affect the high pressure seal, contaminating 1. Grease Fitting at Pitman Arm
2. Grease Fitting at Axle Steering Arm
the hydraulic fluid.
Using a hand-type grease gun, apply NLGI Grade 2 Fig. 4, Drag Link
or 3 multipurpose chassis grease until it starts to
come out past the sector shaft seal. Fig. 3.
10/07/2016 f461071
1. Sector Shaft Grease Fitting
Fig. 3, TRW TAS Series Sector Shaft Lubrication
WARNING
Fluid circulated through the fuel/water separator
to heat the fuel may be diesel fuel returned from
the engine, or engine coolant. Drain the fuel/water
separator only when the engine and fluids have
cooled. Draining it when the engine is hot could
3 cause severe personal injury due to scalding.
If returning fuel is released into the atmosphere,
its vapors can ignite in the presence of any igni-
tion source. Do not expose the fuel to, or work
with the fuel system near, open flame or intense
heat. To do so could cause fire, possibly resulting
4 in serious personal injury or property damage.
The filter element should be changed only when the
fuel level has reached the top of the filter element.
There is no significant restriction to fuel flow until the
element is completely clogged.
1. Shut down the engine, apply the parking brake,
and chock the tires.
3 2. Check the fuel level in the fuel filter. Replace the
fuel/water separator element only when the filter
5 element is completely covered. If the fuel level
has reached the top of the filter element, follow
the procedure below to replace the element.
6
9 3. Put a clean receptacle under the fuel/water sepa-
8 7 rator and attach a piece of hose to the drain
valve, to direct fuel into the receptacle.
The drain valve has a 1/2-inch (12.7-mm) pipe;
01/27/2011 f470566 use a hose with a 1/2-inch pipe thread to fit cor-
1. Primer Pump 7. Wiring Harness, rectly.
2. Mounting Head Water-in-Fuel Sensor 4. Remove the vent cap (Fig. 2, Item 4) and open
3. O-Ring 8. Wiring Harness, the drain valve (Fig. 2, Item 1) to drain the fuel
4. Filter Element Heater completely, then close the drain valve.
5. Sight Bowl 9. Drain Plug
6. Water-in-Fuel Sensor 5. Using a DAVCO Collar Wrench (Fig. 3), remove
the clear cover and collar.
Fig. 1, Fuel/Water Separator Assembly
NOTE: Broken vent cap and collar warranty
claims will not be accepted if any tool other than
a DAVCO Collar Wrench is used for removal.
10
11
9
10
8
9
8 7
6
7
5
6
4
12
11
5 3
12
2
4
13
3
14
2
1 13
1 05/05/2009 f470530
12/13/2010 f470531a
1. Inlet Port/Check Valve 8. Vent Cap O-Ring
2. Lower Housing 9. Vent Cap
1. Drain Valve 8. Clear Cover 3. Bypass Valve 10. Lower Housing Collar
2. Bottom Plate 9. Vent Cap O-Ring 4. Filter Element 11. 120VAC Pre-Heater
Assembly 10. Vent Cap 5. Spring 12. 12VDC Pre-Heater
3. Bottom Plate O-Ring 11. Collar 6. Clear Cover O-Ring 13. Drain Valve
4. Lower Housing 12. Grommet 7. Clear Cover
5. Cover O-Ring 13. Inlet Port/Check Valve
6. Filter Element 14. Heat Exchanger Fig. 5, DAVCO Fuel Pro 482
7. Spring
Fig. 4, DAVCO Fuel Pro 382
NOTICE 2 3
9
8
1
12
11
10
4 6
2 3
06/29/2009 f470536
6.4 Inspect the pressure gauge for damage. natural gas, which could cause severe bodily in-
Ensure that the gauge sight glass is clear jury, death, or property damage.
and legible. 1. Ensure the fuel tank is between 50 and 75 per-
7. Repair or replace any leaking or damaged vapor- cent full.
izer components. 2. Check the fuel tank pressure gauge (Fig. 7, Item
8) to ensure that pressure is within the normal
4705 LNG Vacuum Integrity range of 120 to 150 psi (827 to 1034 kPa).
Test 3. Inspect the fuel tank for signs of frost spots or
outer surface sweating. Frosting or condensation
on the outer surface of the fuel tank may indicate
WARNING a loss of vacuum.
4. Check for a large variance in temperatures be-
Natural gas is highly flammable. See the safety tween the fuel tank and the fuel tank shroud. A
precautions listed in Chapter 21 of the 108SD and large variance in temperatures between the fuel
114SD Drivers Manual or Group 47 of the 108SD tank and the shroud may indicate a loss of
and 114SD Workshop Manual. Failure to observe vacuum.
these precautions could lead to the ignition of the
5. Operate the vehicle for ten minutes. Shut down 7. Allow the vehicle to stand for at least eight
the engine, apply the parking brakes, and note hours, then record the fuel tank pressure again.
the time.
8. Use Table 1 to determine whether the pressure
6. Wait fifteen minutes after shutting down the en- increase is within an acceptable range.
gine, then record the fuel tank pressure and note
the time.
4706 CNG Fuel System cover the sensors with a plastic covering. Keep
the sensors covered until the area has been
Inspection cleared of any cleaning fumes. Harsh chemicals
and extremely high temperatures may damage the
sensor.
WARNING Use a bubble solution to check for leaks while per-
Natural gas is highly flammable. See the safety forming the following inspection.
precautions listed in Chapter 21 of the 108SD and 1. Inspect the fuel cylinders for dents or other signs
114SD Drivers Manual or Group 47 of the 108SD of damage.
and 114SD Workshop Manual. Failure to observe
these precautions could lead to the ignition of the Replace any leaking fuel cylinders.
natural gas, which could cause severe bodily in- 2. Ensure that the fuel cylinders are secured within
jury, death, or property damage. the fuel cylinder storage box.
The following inspections must be performed by a 3. Ensure that the fuel cylinder storage box is se-
qualified technician, in accordance with the manufac- cured to the frame. Inspect for any signs of
turers established inspection criteria. looseness. If necessary, tighten the storage box
mounting bolts 160 lbfft (217 Nm). See Fig. 9.
NOTICE NOTE: During initial pre-delivery inspection
Do not use a high-pressure washer or steam
(PDI), tighten the storage box mounting bolts
cleaner on natural gas fuel system plumbing com- (shown in Fig. 9) 180 lbfft (244 Nm).
ponents, as this can introduce moisture and con- 4. Inspect the fuel fill port for signs of damage or
taminants into the threads of the fittings and dam- leaks. Ensure the port dust cover and the O-ring
age the sealants. inside the port are both present and in good con-
Gas detection sensors are located on the cab dition. See Fig. 10.
overhead console and in the engine compartment 5. Inspect the pressure gauges on the fuel box for
on the frontwall. The sensors are located in high cracks. Ensure the indicator needles are present
areas, where rising gas vapors will pass by or ac- and in working condition. Inspect the gauge
cumulate. Do not use a high-pressure washer, faces for accuracy and legibility.
steam cleaner, or silicone-based chemicals on the
gas detection sensors, as this may permanently 6. Ensure blue caps are present on all pressure
disable the sensors. When cleaning the vehicle, relief devices. Each fuel cylinder is equipped with
1 2
H IG CYLINDERS RE
H PRESS UR E LOW PRES S U
INSPECT CYLINDERS
EVERY 36 MONTHS
OR 36000 MILES
WHICHEVER OCCURS FIRST
REGULATOR
INSPECT PRESSURE
RELIEF DEVICE NATURAL
EVERY 2000 MILES GAS
VEHICLE
110 PSIG
OPEN VALVE
FILTER ON
SLOWLY
3600 PSIG MAX.
SERVICE PRESSURE
DRAIN HOUSING
EVERY 1500 MILES
REPLACE ELEMENT 4
VA T O AL
LV FF
EVERY 3000 MILES
U U
E
SH AN
3
M
3 3
2
1 04/30/2010 f470556
1 2
8
3 4
2
6
8 7 6 5 5
4
3 2
04/22/2010 f470554 1
4 8
2 10 9
13 12 11
14
1
05/04/2010 f470558
1. Coolant Inlet Port 9. Fuel Fill Port
2. Coolant Outlet Port 10. Filter Housing
3. Pressure Relief Valve 11. Filter Bowl
4. Pressure Regulator 12. Filter Drain Plug
5. Wiring Harness 13. Solenoid Valve
6. Manifold Bleed Valve 14. Fuel Line To Cylinders
7. Manifold
8. Manual Fuel Shutoff
Valve
Fig. 13, CNG Fuel Panel Components
4900 Safety Precautions see Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 3. For Cummins,
see Fig. 4, Fig. 5, and Fig. 6.
Safety Precautions in this section apply to all Refer to the following list of definitions of ATS terms
procedures within this group. and components.
Aftertreatment System (ATS)the entire ex-
DANGER haust system from the turbocharger to the ex-
haust stack or tail pipe.
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en-
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires. Aftertreatment Device (ATD)a housing that
Before working under the vehicle, always place contains the DOC and DPF.
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the BlueTecDaimlers proprietary SCR technol-
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps ogy.
could result in serious personal injury or death.
Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC)a flow
through device located at the ATD inlet that en-
4901 Exhaust System hances the oxidation of hydrocarbons in order
to reduce particulate emissions.
Inspection (Noise
Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)a device in-
Emission Control) stalled on a diesel engine system that captures
and reduces particulate matter (PM) from the
In addition to inspecting the exhaust system at the exhaust gas.
scheduled maintenance interval, inspect the exhaust
system if the noise level of the vehicle has in- Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF)the chemical agent
creased. Freightliner Trucks recommends replacing that reacts with the exhaust gases in the SCR
parts that show leakage, wear, or damage, with to reduce NOx.
genuine Freightliner parts. DEF Pumpfilters and supplies DEF to the
The exhaust system must be free of leaks, binding, DEF metering unit.
grounding, and excessive vibrations. These condi- DEF Tankholds DEF and regulates its tem-
tions are usually caused by loose, broken, or mis- perature.
aligned clamps, brackets, or pipes. If any of these
conditions exist, check the exhaust system compo- DEF Metering Unitmixes DEF with com-
nents and alignment. Align or replace as necessary; pressed air, and meters this mixture into the
see Group 49 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop exhaust flow via an injection nozzle.
Manual, or take the vehicle to an authorized Freight- SCR Catalystthe housing containing a treated
liner dealer. ceramic flow-through block where the DEF and
It is a violation of US federal law to alter exhaust exhaust gases undergo selective catalytic re-
plumbing or aftertreatment in any way that would duction (SCR).
bring the engine out of compliance with certification Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)a process
requirements. (Ref: 42 U.S.C. S7522(a) (3).) It is the used to reduce NOx emissions.
owners responsibility to maintain the vehicle so that
it conforms to EPA regulations. Inspection
To meet EPA10 emissions regulations for vehicles
EPA10 and Newer Exhaust domiciled in the USA or Canada, engines manufac-
System tured after December 31, 2009 are equipped with an
emission aftertreatment system. Vehicles domiciled
Definitions of Aftertreatment (ATS) outside of the USA and Canada may not have after-
Terms treatment equipment, depending upon local statutory
emissions guidelines.
NOTE: Diagrams of ATS configurations are pro-
vided later in this chapter. For Detroit Diesel,
IMPORTANT: The aftertreatment device (ATD), Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Filter
which is part of the aftertreatment system (ATS), Replacement
requires special attention during regularly
scheduled maintenance inspections. No leaks The Environmental Protection Agencys 2010 regula-
are allowed anywhere in the system. If any dis- tions require lower nitrogen oxide (NOx) exhaust
crepancies are discovered, refer to the engine emissions. Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) uses
manufacturers service literature for repair in- diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) to lower NOx emissions in
the vehicle exhaust. A filter in the DEF pump pre-
structions. Also see the engine manufacturers
vents clogging of the DEF metering unit injection
maintenance literature for maintenance proce- nozzle.
dures not listed here.
See the engine manufacturers maintenance manual
1. Check for leakage at the clamp that attaches the for filter replacement intervals; and see Section
exhaust pipe to the turbocharger exhaust outlet. 49.01 of the 108SD and 114SD Workshop Manual
If leakage exists, tighten the nut on the clamp to for the filter replacement procedure.
the required torque. If leakage persists, install a
new clamp.
2. Check the exhaust pipe, bellows, and each ex-
haust seal clamp for leakage, wear, cracks, or
damage. Replace damaged components as
needed. If leakage exists at a clamp, tighten the
nuts to the required torque. If leakage persists,
install a new exhaust seal clamp. Do not reuse
seal clamps. Once a seal clamp is loosened or
removed, it must be replaced.
3. If present, check the condition of the insulation
material around the exhaust pipe between the
turbocharger and the ATD.
4. Check the ATD mounting bands for tightness, if
installed. Tighten to 30 lbfft (41 Nm) if needed.
Do not overtighten.
5. Check for leaks around the clamps that attach
the ATD in the ATS, and around the clamps that
retain the DPF in the ATD.
NOTE: Diesel exhaust fluid creeps, causing
white crystals to form around the line fittings.
The presence of crystals does not mean the
system has a leak. Replacing fittings or trouble-
shooting components is not necessary unless
there is a system failure or a fault code.
6. Check the DEF tank, pump, metering unit, and
lines for leaks. See Section 49.01 of the 108SD
and 114SD Workshop Manual for repair proce-
dures.
7. Check any wires, lines, or hoses within 4 inches
(10 cm) of the exhaust system for heat damage.
Repair or reroute as needed.
14 13 12
9 1
9 2
3
8
7
11
10
15 5
08/20/2009 f490355
NOTE: The sensor box (item 8) contains the SCR inlet and outlet NOx sensors, DPF outlet pressure sensor, and the
DOC inlet pressure sensor.
1. DOC Outlet Temperature 6. Exhaust Outlet 11. SCR Outlet NOx Sensor Port
Sensor 7. DEF Metering Unit 12. SCR Inlet NOx Sensor Port
2. DOC Inlet Pressure Sensor 8. Sensor Box (see note above) 13. 14-Pin Connectors
Port 9. Exhaust Inlet 14. DPF Outlet Pressure Sensor
3. DOC Inlet Temperature Sensor 10. SCR Outlet Temperature Port
4. Front Heat Shield Sensor 15. SCR Inlet Temperature Sensor
5. DEF Nozzle
Fig. 1, Detroit Diesel One-Box ATS (with Sensor Locations)
1
2
11 3
10
9 4
8
10
8 9
7
6
5
09/16/2009 f490353
1. DEF Metering Unit 5. DOC Inlet Temperature Sensor 9. DPF Outlet Temperature
2. DEF Nozzle 6. DOC Inlet Pressure Sensor Sensor
3. SCR Outlet Temperature 7. DPF Inlet Temperature Sensor 10. DPF Outlet NOx Sensor
Sensor 8. DPF Outlet Pressure Sensor 11. SCR Outlet NOx Sensor
4. SCR Inlet Temperature Sensor
1
12
11
10 3
4
8
5
6
02/22/2011 f490354a
1. DPF Inlet Temperature Sensor 6. DPF Outlet Temperature 10. SCR Outlet Temperature
2. DOC Inlet Temperature Sensor Sensor Sensor
3. DOC Inlet Pressure Sensor 7. DPF Outlet NOx Sensor 11. SCR Sensor Box
4. DPF Sensor Box 8. SCR Inlet Temperature Sensor 12. SCR Outlet NOx Sensor
5. DPF Outlet Pressure Sensor 9. DEF Metering Unit
6
7
5
8
1
4 9
2
3 10
11 4
2 3
12
1
02/01/2011 f490449
3 4
7
2
5 8
10
1
11
12
02/01/2011 f490450
1 2 2 1
3
12
11 4
9 5
10
7
02/01/2011
7 6 f490448
6002 Aerodynamic
Component Inspection
Inspect aerodynamic components, if equipped, for
structural damage, cracks, or wear. These may
include:
Cab side extenders
Roof fairing/deflector
Bumper
Hood
Replace or repair damaged or missing components
as needed.
8300 Safety Precautions 83.02, Subject 140 of the 108SD and 114SD
Workshop Manual.
Safety Precautions in this section apply to all 8. Check that the wiring harness connector is not
procedures within this group. damaged or loose. Replace the wiring harness if
it is damaged.
DANGER 9. Check the overall condition of the air conditioning
hoses. Look for cracks, cuts, and abrasions on
When working on the vehicle, shut down the en- the hoses. Replace damaged hoses.
gine, set the parking brake, and chock the tires.
10. Check for a buildup of road debris on the con-
Before working under the vehicle, always place
denser fins. Using air pressure and a whisk
jack stands under the frame rails to ensure the
broom or a soapy spray of water, carefully clean
vehicle cannot drop. Failure to follow these steps
off the condenser. Be careful not to bend the
could result in serious personal injury or death.
fins.
1 2
10/04/2001 f543921
1. Evaporator 2. Filter
Fig. 1, HVAC Assembly Filter