ORAL COMMUNICATION 1st QUIZ

LESSON 1 : Berlos SMCR Model of Communication - NOISE

o Anything that obstructs the understanding of a message
The Nature of the Communication Process External physical in nature
Communication Internal interference experienced by the speaker
- a process by which a speaker conveys his/ her message to a listener or listener
or a group of listeners
- may use both words and symbols to send a message to a listener LESSON 2 : Communicators and context in Focus
Berlos Model / SMCRN
- Sender Messenger Channel Receiver Channel Noise Types of Communication
- 4 Cs communicators, code, channel, and the context of the - INTRAPERSONAL
culture o When talking to ourselves
- Most basic are speaker and listener o Happens in our heads
- INTERPERSONAL
- SENDER o Most common
o One who conveys message (written or oral) o When we want to convey a message to another person
o He/ she organizes his utterances before presenting them to o Target person is familiar with us
the listener Dyadic
o Manages the exchange of ideas Two persons communicate directly to each
other
- MESSAGE Small group
o Information received by the listener from the speaker Three or more persons
o May either be verbal, non-verbal, or graphic - PUBLIC COMMUNICATION
o If a message is symbolical in nature o Speaker delivers a message before the audience
Context PUBLIC SPEAKING
Culture Sustained formal presentation ny the
Code speaker to the audience
- CHANNEL MASS COMMUNICATION
o Medium by which the message is communicated Extremely large audience mediated by
Oral sound waves audio and/ or visual
Written light waves
Graphic visuals
Public radio or television
- RECEIVER
o One who listens and receives the conveyed message
o The receiver must possess the following:
Proficiency in the language
Enough background language
Openness to other peoples thoughts and feelings
ORAL COMMUNICATION 1st QUIZ
FORMALITY LEVELS OF COMMUNICATION
- FROZEN
o Highst rank in Joos classification
o Used in rituals/ rites
o Stock expressions that have not changed through the years
- FORMAL
o Used in extended one-way communication
o Complex sentence structure
o Two defining features: modulated intonation & cohesion
- CONSULTATIVE
o Used in semi-formal communication situations
o Some sort of transaction takes place
o One speaker supplies bg info and does not assume he/ she
will be easily understood
o Addressee continuously participates
- CASUAL
o Used among friends & acquaintances in informal situations
like the canteen
o May be used in addressing a stranger
o Two defining features: ellipsis & slang
- INTIMATE
o Completely private language that is used within the fam &
close friends
o Use jargons
LESSON 3: Symbol Systems in Communication
VERBAL SYMBOLS
- refer to the use of spoken or written language
TYPES OF MEANING:
1. PHONOLOGICAL
a. distinctive sounds that are put together to form a
meaningful item
b. (vowel, consonant, stress, pauses, intonation)
2. SEMANTIC
a. Homonyms same sound, but have different spellings and
meanings
b. Heteronyms same spelling, but pronounced differently
c. Morphemes words that can stand by themselves/ affixes
that are attaches to others words to signify other meaning
( post-, pre-, step )
3. SYNTACTIC
a. knowledge of grammatical rules
b. involves the use of correct word order
c. and the difference in meaning that results from the change
in structure of sentence
4. PRAGMATIC
a. Considers not just words, but also the context of the
situation and the relationship of the communicators

NON VERBAL
- may be used to repeat, complement, regulate, and substitute verbal
messages (Ang, 2005)
- constitute about 55% of the message and the verbal components
only about 45%

TYPES OF MEANING
1. CHRONEMICS
a. Also known as noting time
2. PROXEMICS
a. Use of space by interlocutors in communication
situations
3. TACTILE/ TOUCH NON VERBAL
ORAL COMMUNICATION 1st QUIZ
4. KINESICS
a. Body movements (eyes, head, feet, hands, or arms)
b. Also includes posture
5. ARTIFACTS
a. Objects people use in communication
b. Realia ( real object ), maps, pictorials, graphs,
instruments
6. SILENCE
7. PARALANGUAGE
a. Concerned with how one says the message