IntroductiontoRSoftware

Introduction
::::
Wh
WhyRandInstallationProcedure
dI ll i d

Shalabh
DepartmentofMathematicsandStatistics
f h i d i i
IndianInstituteofTechnologyKanpur
IndianInstituteofTechnologyKanpur

1
WhatisR?
R is an environment for data manipulation, statistical computing,
graphics display and data analysis.
analysis

Effective data handling and storage of outputs is possible.

Simple as well as complicated calculations are possible.

2
WhatisR?
Graphical display onscreen and hardcopy are possible.

Programming language is effective which includes all possibilities

just like any other good programming language.

The R language is very similar in appearance to "S" language

based on a software SSPlus.
Plus.

3
SwitchingtoR?
Many people, research and design offices, analytical firms have
started
t t d using
i R.R

R is free.

Many statistical packages are freely available.

available

So you may also consider switching to R.

4
S it hi t R?
SwitchingtoR?
Rhasastatisticalcomputingenvironment.
p g

Itisfree(opensource)softwareandthereforeisnotablackbox.

Ithasacomputerlanguagewhichisconvenienttousefor
p g g

statisticalandgraphicalapplications.

5
SwitchingtoR?
Thecommandscanbesaved,runandstoredinscriptfiles.
Th d b d d t di i t fil

RisavailableforWindows,Unix,LinuxandMacintoshplatforms.

RwasdevelopedtocompetewithSPlus.

Builtinandcontributedpackagesareavailable,andusersare
providedtoolstomakepackages.Itispossibletocontributeown

packages.
6
S it hi t R?
SwitchingtoR?
Thislanguageprovidesthelogicalcontrolofbranchingand
g g p g g

looping,andmodularprogrammingusingfunctions.

Errormessagesareprovidedwhileexecutingaprogramme ora
functionwhichare helpfulinfindingtheerrors.

7
S it hi t R?
SwitchingtoR?
Risaninterpretedcomputerlanguage(Notcompiler).
p p g g ( p )

Whenweusethecommandlineinterface,eachcommandor
expressiontobeevaluatedistypedatthecommandprompt,

y y p
andimmediatelyevaluatedwhentheEnterkeyispressedat

theendofasyntacticallycompletestatement.

8
S it hi t R?
SwitchingtoR?
Tips
p

Presstheuparrowkeytorecallcommandsandeditthem.
UsetheEsc(Escape)keytocancelacommand.

GraphicscanbedirectlysavedinaPostscriptorPDFformat.
p y p

9
InstallingR
You may install R in a windows or Apple computer by
downloading from https://www.rproject.org

Click on download R

10
InstallingR
Choose
h any mirror
i and
d click
li k on the
h link
li k

11
InstallingR
Else, download it from the Comprehensive R Archive Network
Else
(CRAN) website: http://cran.r-project.org/

12
InstallingRStudio
Rstudio is a software which helps in running the R software.

Several such editors are available, e.g. Tinn R

(https://sourceforge.net/projects/tinn-r)

Rstudio is written in C++ programming language.

Rstudio is a free and opensource integrated development

environment (IDE) for R.
R

DownloadR
Download RStudio
Studiosoftwarefrom
software from website
website
https://www.rstudio.com/

13
InstallingRStudio

Download and double click on the downloaded file. 14