ABHL|2DPH|PHAR3- Prelims Q3

ELIXIR followed by subsequent

addition of the specified
- Hydroalcoholic oral solutions vehicle to attain the required
- Clear, sweetened, and usually concentration
flavored to improve taste Heat is not used because of
- Non-medicated elixirs: used as the volatile of elixir
vehicles 2. Admixture of 2 or more liquids
- Medicated Elixirs: Has API Ex. Iso-alcoholic Elixirs
- Contains less sugars than syrups-
less effective in masking the bitter ISO-ALCOHOLIC ELIXIR
taste
o General vehicles for pharmaceutical
- Advantage: has water-soluble &
preparations requiring a specified
alcohol-soluble components (since it
alcoholic strength.
is hydroalcoholic character)
o Volumes need by low and high
- Adjunctive solvents (i.e. glycerine &
alcohols are determined by
propylene glycol) are commonly
allegation
added to manufactured elixirs
o In making/preparing the alcohol,
- Great solvent in terms of being of a
you add the non-alcoholic substance
vehicle
Disadvantage: Increases the first
o Add high alcohol first to low alcohol
salinity of the taste/ the
bitter taste of the product because high alcohol will cause
Advantage: has a wide range turbidity in the solution
of solubilities
Low High Suitable as vehicle for
- Co-solvents: Glycerine, Syrup,
Alcohol Alcohol prep of the ff soluble
Propylene Glycol (help increase the Elixir Elixir strength
solubility of the solute) Undiluted None 0-10%
- Should have a limit when used as a 4 volume 1 volume 10-20%
vehicle: NLT 5% NMT 40% alcoholic 3 volume 1 volume 20-30%
percentage 2 volume 1 volume 30-40%
- Self-preserving: 10%-12% 1 volume 1 volume 40-50%
1 volume 2 volume 50-60%
METHODS: 1 volume 3 volume 60-70%
None Undiluted >70%
1. SIMPLE SOLUTION WITH AGITATION
o Ingredients Used:
Solutes are simply dissolved
Compound Orange Spirit
in the solvent, and/or by
Alcohol
admixture of two or more Glycerin
liquid ingredients Sucrose
Aqueous portion is added to Saccharin
the alcoholic portion, Purified Water

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ABHL|2DPH|PHAR3- Prelims Q3

TERPIN HYDRATE ORAL SOLUTION Leaves are soaked in alcohol

to extract the desired volatile
o Terpin Elixir, Terpin Hydrate Oral substance
Solution 3. CHEMICAL REACTION
o 43% of alcohol does the solution Ex. Ethyl Nitrite Spirit
contain 4. DISTILLATION
o Use: expectorant Takes advantage of the
o Ingredients: process of fermentation ->
Terpin Hydrate sugar in the raw material is
Alcohol consumed by the added
Orange peel tincture yeast resulting to the
Benzaldehyde- used as a
formation of alcohol
preservative Ex. Brandy- grapes; Whiskey-
Glycerin- humectant, co-solvent,
fermented mashed of wholly
thickening agent
fermented melted cereal
Syrup- (same w/ glycerin)
Purified Water grain
o Each 100 mL- NLT 1.53 g NMT
COMPOUND ORANGE SPIRIT
1.87 g of terpin hydrate
o Spiritus Auronti Compositus
SPIRIT o Each 100 mL- NLT 25 mL & NMT
30 mL of the mixed oils
- Also known as essences o Use: flavouring agent
- Alcoholic or hydroalcoholic solutions o Ingredients Used:
of aromatic or volatile material Orange Oil
- Clear, saturated solution Lemon Oil
- High alcoholic concentration of Coriander Oil
spirits- usually 60% , due to the Anise Oil
grater solubility of the volatility Alcohol qs ad
ingredient in alcohol rather in water o Label: White (Internal Use)
- Active ingredient: solid, liquid or gas o Container: 15-mL narrow mouth
- Used as a flavourant or medicinal. amber bottle
- Diluting the spirit with water before o Method Use: Simple Solution
oral intake reduces pungent taste
PEPPERMINT SPIRIT
METHODS
o Essence of Peppermint, Spiritus
1. SIMPLE SOLUTION Menthos Piperitas
Solutes are simply dissolved o Medicated Spirit
in the solvent o Use: Carminative (for flatulence),
2. SOLUTION BY MACERATION
nausea & vomiting
o Method Use: Solution by Maceration
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ABHL|2DPH|PHAR3- Prelims Q3

o Each 100 mL- NLT 9.0 mL & NMT

11.0 mL peppermint oil
o Ingredients Used:
Peppermint Leaves
Peppermint Oil
Alcohol qs ad
o Label: White (Internal Use)
o Container: 30-mL narrow mouth
amber bottle

AROMATIC AMMONIA SPIRIT

o Smelling Salts, Sal Volatile, Salt of
hartshorn
o Hydroalcoholic solution that is
intended to be inhaled
o Each 100 mL- NLT 1.7 g NMT 2.1 g
total NH3 content & NLT 3.5 g NMT
4.5 g (NH4)2CO3
o Use: Syncope (fainting), to stimulate
reflexes
o Ingredients Used:
Ammonium Bicarbonate
Strong Ammonia Solution
Lemon Oil
Lavender Oil
Alcohol
Purified Water qs ad
o Label: Red (External Use)
o Container: 30-mL narrow mouth
amber bottle

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