Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(Human Anatomy)
I. NERVOUS SYSTEM transported from the endocrine glands to the
Neurons basic cellular unit of the nervous target organ through the blood.
system Hypothalamus links the nervous system to
Sensory neuron transmits impulses from the endocrine system
the receptors to the central nervous system;
main neuron system of the sensory organs Growth Elongation of long bones
Interneuron located mainly in the central stimulating and muscle growth
nervous system to interpret and relay nerve hormone
impulses between sensory motor neurons Thyroid Stimulates the thyroid
Pituitary stimulating
Motor neuron transmit impulses form the gland to produce
gland hormone
central nervous system to effectors (glands thyroxine
and muscles) causing them to take action and Follicle Stimulates activity in the
respond stimulating ovaries and testes
Nerves of neurons specialized for long hormone
distance and high speed impulse transmission Thyroid Produces THYROXINE which regulates
Myelin sheath covers neurons for gland rate of body metabolism
insulation and protection Secretes PARATHORMONE for returning
Parathyroid
Neurotransmitters chemical messengers calcium to blood circulation from the
gland
that produce certain effect on organs to bones
maintain function.
Adrenal Secretes CORTISOL for
Cerebrum of voluntary activity cortex conversion of fat and
memory and thinking proteins into glucose and
Brain ALDOSTERONE for
center
Large mass of reabsorption of sodium
Cerebellum coordinates muscle
neurons Adrenal
movement and and chloride into the
located in the glands
maintains balance bloodstream.
cranial cavity; Adrenal Secretes ADRENALINE to
Medulla controls involuntary
controls and medulla increase the blood sugar
activities such as
coordinates all level and accelerates the
breathing, heartbeat,
human activity heart and breathing rate.
blood pressure and
peristalsis
Protected by the vertebrate; center of Male development of male sex
Spinal Cord Testes
reflex actions characteristics.
Female sex gland which secretes
II. ENDOCRINE SYSTEM testosterone to influence organ which
Endocrine glands ductless gland located in Ovaries secretes various hormones such as the
various parts of the body secreting hormones estrogen which influences development
Hormones chemical mediators which target of female sex characteristics.
body organs to elicit certain response;
Function of bones:
1. Support
2. Protection
3. Anchorage sites for muscle action
4. Leverage for body motion
5. Production of blood cells (bone marrow)