M. Tech.

Production and Industrial Engineering

Classification of course Course Code Course Title Cr. Hrs
A)Supportin2; course MAS 781 Advance En2;ineerin2; Mathematics 3(3-0-0)
COMP 805 Computer Programming 3(2-0-4)
ME 701 Foundry Technolo2.)' 4(3-0-1)
B)Core Course ME 702 Industrial Inspection 3(3-0-0)
ME 704 Design, planning and control of production 2(2-0-0)
system
ME 706 Metal workin2; analysis 2(2-0-0)
ME 780 Seminar I 2(0-0-2)
ME 801 Metal cuttin2; technolo2.)' 3(3-0-0)
ME 802 Methods Engineering 2(2-0-0)
ME 880 Seminar-Il 2(0-0-2)
ME 899 Thesis 15(0-0-15)
C) Specialized Course ME 703 Value En2;ineerin2; 3(3-0-0)
ME 705 Adv.CAM 3(3-0-0)
ME 707 Industrial Relation 3(3-0-0)
ME 708 Automation in manufacturin2; 3(3-0-0)
ME 709 Cuttin2; Tool En2;ineerin2; 3(3-0-0).
ME 710 Plastics Formin2; and machinin2; 3(3-0-0)
ME 712 Numerical Control 3(3-0-0)
ME 713 Material mana2;ement 3(3-0-0)
ME 714 Facility Plannin2; and Plant En2;ineerin2; 3(3-0-0)
ME 715 Desi2;n and Metallur2.)' of welded .joints 3(3-0-0)
MAS 790 Operation Research 3(3-0-0)
ME 803 Material Mana2;ement 3(3-0-0)
ME 804 Network Models and Application 3(3-0-0)
ME 805 System Dynamics and Industrial 3(3-0-0)
Application
ME 806 Artificial Intelli2;ence in Manufacturing 3(3-0-0)
ME 807 Group Technolo2.)' and Production Strate2.)' 3(3-0-0).
ME 808 Ergonomics and work design 3(3-0-0)

Programme Credit: amazement J Piper Standard Publishers

 ADVANCED ENGG MATHEMATICS

Course Code MAS 701 Credit 3 (2-1-

0)

Distributions & fundamental solutions, Fredholm alternative, Interior problem for elliptic
Equations, surface layers & Green’s Function , Eigen value problems, variational principle,
Parabolic equations , Uniqueness & Continuous dependence , Casual Green’s functions, Wave
Equation & Energy Principle.

Review of Linear Algebra, Canonical factorization, Q- forms, Courant- Fischer minimax

& related theorems, Matrix stability . Inequalities , g-inverse ( A- Am, A+). Direct, iterative
Projections and rotation methods for solving linear applications.

Uncertainity, Imprecision and Vaguness, Fuzzy systems, Brief history of Fuzzy logic, Foundation
Of Fuzzy theory, Fuzzy sets and systems , Classical sets and fuzzy sets, Classical relations, Fuzzy
relations , Membership Functions, Fuzzy to Crisp Conversion, Fuzzy arithmetic, Numbers. Vectors and
Extension Principle, Classical Logic and Fuzzy Logic, Classical ( Crisp) Vs. Fuzzy sets, representation of
Fuzzy sets. Types of membership Functions, Basic concepts ( support, singleton,
Height, α – cut projections). Fuzzy set operations, S- and T- Norms , Properties of Fuzzy sets, Sets as
Points in Hypercube, Cartesian Product, Crisp and Fuzzy Relations, examples, Linguistic variables and
Hedges.

REFERENCES

Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers , H.M. Antia, Hindustan Book Agency , 2002

Introduction to Differential Equations , G.F. Simmons, Mc Graw Hill.

Fuzzy Sets: Theory and applications to policy and information systems , Paul P. Wang Plenum Press
New York 1980.

Industrial Applications of Fuzzy Control , S. Yasunobu and S. Miyamoto North Holland , 1985

Introduction to Coding Theory , J. H. Van Lint Springer, GTM 86 , 1999

Algebraic coding Theory , E. R. Berekamp , Mc- Graw Hill, 1968.

Algebra Vol 1 &2 , Ramji Lal, Shanti Publication 2002

COMPUTER PROGRAMMING

Course Code COMP 805

Credits 3 ( 2-0-2)

Algorithms & Flow Charts

‘C ‘ Programming - Preliminaries, Constants & Variables, Arithmetic Expressions, Input – Output

Statements, Control Statements, DO statements, Subscripted variables, Elementary Format
specifications, Logical Statements & Decision Tables, Functions & Subroutines
 Computer Oriented Numerical Methods- Solution of Non Linear Equation – Bisection method and
Newton method, Numerical integration – Trapezoidal method, Simpson’s 1/3 & 1/8 rule , Curve
Fitting – Construction of Forward, backward difference table, Interpolation.

Application of Statistical Packages.

REFERENCES:
Let Us C by Yashwant Kanetkar B P B Publications

Computer Oriented Numerical Methods by R.S.Salaria , Khanna Book Publishing Co.

FOUNDRY TECHNOLOGY

Course Code ME - 701 Credits 4 ( 3-0-

1)

Pattern Design - Selection of Pattern materials, types of Patterns, Pattern Allowances, Design
Considerations in pattern making, Core Prints, Pattern Layout, Pattern Colours

Castings - Properties of Moulding Materials, Specification and Testing of Moulding Sands, Moulding
Methods, Moulding Machines, Core Making, Design of Risers, Design of Gates.

Die Casting - Design of Die Casting Dies, Metals for Die casting, Design considerations for sand
casting, Metal Loss in Die Casting< Low pressure die casting.

Centrifugal Casting, Investment Casting, , Technology of Melting & Casting

Inspection & Testing of Castings , Quality Control of castings in Foundries, Mechanisation of
Foundries, Application of CAD/CAM in Foundries.

REFERENCES :

Principles of Foundry Technology by P.L.Jain Tata Mc Graw Hill

INDUSTRIAL INSPECTION

Course Code ME – 702 Credits 3 (

3–0–0)

INTRODUCTION - Inspection , Objectives of Inspection, Functions of Inspection, kinds of

inspection, Organisation of Inspection department, Quality Control – objectives, Functions of Quality
control Department, Statistical Quality Control , Control Charts.

I NSPECTION & TESTING OF CASTINGS - Dimensional inspection, Flaw detection in castings

by Non Destructive Testing methods , Quality Control in Foundries, Expert system for casting defect
analysis.

SURFACE ROUGHNESS MEASUREMENT - Stylus instruments & other techniques, Texture

parameters, Surfaces in three dimensions, Form Evaluation, Instruments, Parameters .

COORDINATE MEASURING MACHINES – Construction, operation & Programming, Probing

systems, Probe & Stylus , Non contact sensors, Calibration of probe, C M M software, scanning,
Performance Evaluation
 MACHINE VISION, Sensing Preprocessing, Segmentation, Description, Recognition and
Interpretation, Laser interferometry, Nanometrology.

REFERENCES
“Theory and Design for Mechanical Measurements” Third Edition, by Figliola Richard & Beasly
Donald E. John Wiley & sons

“ Rough Surfaces” 2nd edition , by Tom R. Thomas Imperial College Press London 1999.

“ Coordinate Measuring Machines” by John A. Bosch Mercel Decker Inc.

“ Robotics- control sensing, Vision and Intelligence” by S. Fu. R.C. Gonzalez, C.S.G. Lee Chapter
7, 8 Pages 296 – 449.

“ A Course In Industrial Engg & Operations Management” S. K. Sharma S.K. Kataria & Sons Delhi

AUTOMATION IN MANUFACTURING
Course Code ME – 703 Credits
3 ( 3-0-0)

INTRODUCTION - Definition, types, merits and demerits , Manufacturing Plants and operations,
automation strategies, basic elements of automated systems.

INDUST RIAL CONTROL SYSTEMS - Process, Discrete manufacturing industries-

Continuous and discrete control systems- Fundamentals of automated system , Group Technology- Part
families, Part classification & Coding.

INTRODUCTION TO ROBOTICS - Robotic system, classification of Robotts, Robot characteristics,

Kinematics for Manipulator- Frames and transformations, Forward and inverse kinematics, Application of
Robots, Derivation of forward and inverse kinematic equations for various types of Robots.

INTRODUCTION TO MANIPULATOR JACOBIAN - Tool Jacobian, Velocity propagation from

links to links- static forces in manipulators, Jacobian in force domain.

REFERENCES:
1. John J. Greig “ Introduction to Robotics, Mechanics & Control” Second Edition Addison- Wesley
1999.
2. Saeed B. Niku “ Introduction to Robotics, Analysis, Systems & applications
Prentice Hall India 2002.
3. Groover Mikell P. “ Automation, Production Systems & CIM – Prentice Hall India
4. Mark W Spong & M. Vidyasagar “ Robot Dynamics & Control “ John Wiley & Sons 1989.
5. K.S.Fu, R.C. Gonzales, C.S.G.Lee” Robotics Control, Sensing and Vision & intelligence” Mc Graw
Hill 1987.
6. R.P.Paul “ Robot Manipulators Mathematics Programming , Control “ MIT press. 1979.
7. Robert J. Schelling” Fundamentals of Robotics, Analysis & Control” Prentice Hall of India 1996.
8. R.K.Mittal & I.J.Nagarath “ Robotics & Control”
9. Groover, Mikell P. “ C A D / CAM – Computer aided Manufacturing” PHI 2000.
10. Dhinsky “ Process Control System” PHI 2000.
 DESIGN, PLANNING & CONTROL OF PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

Course Code ME - 704 Credits 2 ( 2-

0- 0)

SALES OPERATION PLANNING - Nature of sales operation planning, relevant costs, Sales &
operation planning Methods.
MASTER PRODUCTION SCHEDULE - NATURE OF MASTER Production Schedule, Master
production Scheduling Techniques, Time Fencing and Master Production Schedule stability, Final
assembly Schedule, Managing master production Schedule.
MATERIAL RESOURCE PLANNING - Nature of Material Resource planning, Material resource
Planning records, Material resource planning Logic, Technical issues, Using M R P system, system
dynamics, Lot sizing methods, Buffering Concepts.
PRODUCTION ACTIVITY CONTROL - Shop floor control concepts, Techniques, performance
measurement, Gantt Chart, Finite Loading systemds, Priority Sequencing rules, Job shop scheduling.
Product characteristics, material and geometric considerations, manufacturability. Introduction to Group
technology- Process planning layout designs, manufacturing Planning & Control.

REFERENCES

1. Thomas E. Vollmann William L. Berry “ Manufacturing Planning and Control for supply chain
management” fifth edition Mc Graw Hill International edition – 2005.
2. Edward A. Silver “ Inventory Management and Production, Planning And Scheduling” Third Edition
John Wiley & sons `1998.
3. Seetharama L. Narsinham , Dennis W Mcleavy “ Production , Planning and Inventory Control”
Second Edition Prentice Hall of India .
4. Richard J. Tersine “ Production/ Operations Management” Second Edition North Holland 1985.
5. A.C.Hax and D. Candea “ Production & Inventory management” Prentice Hall Eaglewood cliffs. NJ
1984.
COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING

Course Code – ME – 705 Credits 3 ( 3-

0-0)

Basic concepts of Numerical control (NC), positioning and control systems, feedback devices and
actuation systems.

Features of Computer Numerical control systems, Working of CNC and DNC systems and their
advantages.

Adaptive control of machine tools, ACO, ACC and geometric adaptive control, advantages of adaptive
control in metal cutting.

Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS) , types of FMS , their basic components, types of flexibility of
FMS.

Computer Integrated Manufacturing systems concepts, basic elements and their importance.

Rapid Prototyping (RP) , need of RP, techniques of Rapid Prototyping and its applications..

Automated handling , storage & inspection – Automated handling systems, Automated inspection.

Control Systems- Linear feedback control, optimal control , sequence and programmable controllers,
computer process control.
REFERENCES :

Mikell P .Groover “ Automation , Production Systems & computer Integrated Manufacturing” Prentice
Hall Of India

Ronald G. Aski “ Modelling and Analysis of Manufacturing “ John Wiley & Sons 1993.

METAL WORKING ANALYSIS

Course Code ME - 706 Credit 2 ( 2 – 0 – 0)

Review of theory of Elasticity, Stress tensor, stress transformation , Principal stress, differential equation
of equilibrium, spherical and deviatoric tensors, octahederal stresses, infinitesimal and affine
transformation for deformation, rotation and strain tensors, octahederal strains, finite deformations, Mohr’s
circle for state of stress and state of strain, Generalised Hooke’s law, Hooke’s law for isotropic and
homogeneous material, Plane stress and strain.
Introduction to Plasticity, stress space, Yield criterion for metals, Von – Mises yield criterion, Tresca’s
yield criterion, representation of abovein stress space, Yield space, experimental investigations,
Subsequent yield surfaces, representation of loading and unloading in stress space. Basic considerations of
plasticity theory, simple model of material behavior. Levy- Mises and prandtl Reuss stress strain
relations, experimental investigations, Plastic potential theory and plastic work, maximum work
hypothesis, Drucker’s stability postulates, isotropic and kinematics hardening, plastic instability.
Slip Line field theory, incompressible two dimensional flow, slip lines, equilibrium equations,
Henkey’s theorem, Hodograph , Simplest line field, Bound Theorem- Lower bound and upper Bound
theorems, Applications in Metal forming.

REFERENCES :

Durelli Philip’s & Tsao _ Introduction to Theory of theoretical and experimental analysis of stress and
strains Mc- Graw Hill Book Co. 1958,.

Tumoshonko & Goodier “ Theory of Elasticity” Mc- Graw Hill Book Co.

Johnson & Meuller “ Engineering Plasticity” Van – Nostrand.

Hoffmann O and Sachs G “ Introduction to theory of Plasticity- Metal forming applications” Mc –Graw
Hill Book Co.

Mendeldson “ Introduction to theory of Plasticity> “

METAL CUTTING TECHNOLOGY

Course Code ME – 707 Credits 3 ( 3-0 -0)

Review of Orthogonal and oblique cutting, Mechanism of Chip formation, Types of chips and Chip
breakers, Modern theories in mechanics of cutting. Heat generation and Tool temperatures, Failure of
cutting tool & tool wear, Cutting Tool materials , Tool Life and machinability, Built up Edge formation ,
Machining Processes – Shaping and Planning, Turning and Boring, Drilling, Milling Broaching grinding
and Different types of Grinding.

Gear Cutting – Indexing on Milling, Gear Hobbling, Gear shaving etc.

Electric Discharge Machining ( E D M), Electro Chemical Machining ( E C M), Laser Beam Machining,
Plasma arc machining , Water Jet machining, Ultrasonic machining, Chemical Milling etc.

REFERENCES
1. SHAW M.C. “ Metal cutting Principles” Oxford Clarendon press 1984
2. BHATTACHARYA “ Metal Cutting theory & practice” Central Book Agency
3. BOOTHROYD G. “ Fundamental s of machining and machine Tools”

GROUP TECHNOLOGY

Course Code ME – 708 Credits 3 ( 3- 0 -0)

INTRODUCTION - Part families, part classification and coding, Group Technology machine
cells, Benefit of group technology, Role of group technology in computer aided manu
Facturing ( CAM) , Features of Group technology, Cellular manufacturing, Role of similarity in Group
Technolgy, Composite part, coding and classification, Similarity coefficient based clustering, Key
machine approach, Binary ordering algorithm, Production flow analysis.

MODELS FOR CELLULAR MANUFACTURING (CMS) DESIGN - CMS design factors,

Mathematical Programming approaches, Models for dynamic part population, solution procedure using
genetic problem.

CELLULAR MANUFACTURING – Focussed factory and pull production, Building blocks of work
cell, linked cell, different types of cells, cycle time, work cell design, worker assignment, incentive plans,
issues in implementing cellular manufacturing.

REFERENCES:

1. Sing N and Rajaramani D (1996) “ Cellular Manufacturing Systems: Design, Planning and Control”
First edition Chapman and Hall

2. Nicholas John (1998) “ Competitive Manufacturing Management “ Mc Graw Hill

3 Askin R.G. and stand ridge C.R. (1993) “ Modelling and analysis of Manufacturing systems”
John – Wiley & sons.

4.Groover Mikell (2001) “ Automation, Production Systems and Computer Integrated

manufacturing systems Second Edition Prentice Hall of International Inc.

ERGONOMICS & WORK DESIGN

Course Code ME – 709 Credits 3 ( 3- 0-

0)

Ergonomics – Nature of Man Machine Systems, characteristics, purpose, operational fumctions and
components, types of systems, information input and processing, sources and pathways of stimuli,
information theory, information input processes, displays used in information input, Coding systems,
Time sharing, Noise and theory of signal detection, human information processing

Work design – Definition and scope of work design and measurement. Work Design and method study,
Procedure for method study, Process analysis, Process Charts, operation analysis, Principles of Economy.

REFERENCES :

Barnes R.M. “ Work Design And Measurement “ Wiley & Sons

Maccormic E.J. “ Human factors in Engg. & Design “ Tata Mc Graw Hill
Bridger R.S. “ Introduction to Ergonomics “ Mc Graw Hill 1995.
 OPERATIONS RESEARCH

Course Code ME -710 Credits 3 ( 3- 0 -0 )

LINIEAR PROGRAMMING - Algebraic and Geometric representation, Simplex, Convergence

properties, Duality and post optimality analysis, sensitivity analysis, Network flow models,
transshipment and shortest route model.
NON LINEAR PROGRAMMING – Unrestricted search, elimination method, large step approach,
method of convex combinations, quadratic and seperable programming
DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING MODELS - Multistage decisions process, Probabilistic dynamic
programming, Linear programming as a case of dynamic program.
WAITING LINE MODELS - Taxonomy, Probability distribution , single server and multiserver
problems.

REFERENCES:
Ravindran A. “ Operation Research principles & practice “ John Wiley & sons.
Wagner M.H. “ Principles of Operation Research” Prentice hall
Rao S.S. “ optimistion theory and applications “ Wiley eastern
Hillier H A & G. J. Gieberman “ Introduction to operation Research” Mc Graw Hill New york

MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT

Course Code ME-711 Credits 3 ( 3- 0 – 0)

MAINTENANCE CONCEPT - Maintenance objectives & functions – Terotechnology-

Five zero concept, Maintenance Budget and costs, Maintenance organization.

FAILURE DATA ANALYSIS – MTBF, MTTF, Useful life, survival curves, Repair time
Distribution, Exponential , Poisson , Normal, Weibull distribution, stand by systems,
Availability of repairable systems, Maintainability Prediction , Design for maintainability.

MAINTENANCE MODELS – Maintenance policies, Imperfect maintenance, Concept of

Minimal repair, Statistical aids for plant maintenance , Breakdown maintenance, Plant
Maintenance , Schedules for functional characteristics and large scale systems,
Replacement models , D O M , opportunistic maintenance, Inspection & repair.

MAINTENANCE LOGISTICS - Spare parts management , setting the order points,

Overall / optimum past availability, Life cycle costing, Maintenance planning and
Scheduling , FMEA, VEIN analysis, Human Management, Incentives UMS , Maintenance
Manuals, Maintenance staffing , Learning Curves , Queing and simulation techniques.

REFERENCES:
1. GopalKrishnan, Banerji P. “ Maintenance & Spare Parts Management “ Prentice Hall
of India 1991.
2. Edward Hartmann “ Maintenance Management “ Productivity and Quality Publishing
pvt. Ltd Madras 1995.
3. Seichi Nakagima “ Introduction to Total Productive Maintenance “ Productivity Press
( India ) Pvt. Ltd. 1993.

FACILITY PLANNING AND PLANT ENGINEERING

Course Code ME- 712 Credits 3 ( 3 – 0 – 0 )

INTRODUCTION - Types of Manufacturing processes, review of plant design

 Plant location, Plant Layout – Need for layout , objectives , Types of layout , Layout
Design cycle, data collection , Equipment requirement, activity analysis.

PLANT LOCATION - Plant location analysis, factors, costs, location decisions,

Simple problems in single facility location models, network location problems.

LAYOUT DESIGN - Design cycle- SLP procedure manpower, machinery

Equipments ,computer algorithms

QUANTITATIVE METHODS - Group Technology, Production flow analysis,

Rank order clustering, Line Balancing.

MATERIAL HANDLING - Principles, Unit load concept, material handling

Design , Handling equipments types ,selection and specifications , containers &
packaging .

REFERENCES:
Tompkins J.A. and White J.A. “ Facilities Planning “ John Wiley 1984
Richard Francis , L & John White “ Facilities Layout and location – An
Analytical approach “ Prentice Hall Inc. 1984.
James Apple , M “ Plant Layout & Material handling “ John Wiley `1977.

VALUE ENGINEERING

Course Code M E – 713 Credits 3 ( 3 – 0 – 0 )

Basic Concepts , Analysis and evaluation of functions, Idea generation , creating

Analysis.
Value analysis techniques
Job Plans and value analysis accelerations , Advanced techniques
Value analysis in new product designs
Product Analysis
Application and organizations of value analysis in production , management and
implementation processing.

Cost – Benefit analysis of value added product. Case studies with costs, Quality
Performance reliability and market value.

ARTIFICIAL INTELIGENCE IN MANUFACTURING

Course Code ME – 71 4 Credits 3 ( 3- 0-

0)

Introduction to expert systems, Introduction to Artificial Intelligence , Expert systems, overview,

Development of expert systems, Problem presentation , Expert systems, structures , Knowledge
bases and representation, interference mechanisms, Introduction to PROLOG , Data structure,
Backtracking and Cut, input- output. Predioates.
Equipment selection, Layout Designs, Material handling ,CAPP ( Computer aided Process
Planning).
Feature extraction and recognition, bar Codes and coding of components
Automatic storage and retrieval.
Qualitative Reasoning , Fuzzy logic ,Neural Network, Application for Manufacturing.

CUTTING TOOL ENGINEERING

Course Code ME -715 Credits 3 (
3- 0-0)

TOOL DESIGN - General considerations in tool design. Fundamentals of FEM and its applications
in tool design. Design of dies – Upsetting Dies, Forging dies , Extrusion Dies. Application of
computer for Design of dies.

Design of sheet metal cutting & forming dies.

Design For tooling for deep drawing , Work holding devices, design of Jigs and Fixtures – Location
clamping and indexing

Design Of gauges.

Design of cutting tools - Single point and Multi –point cutting tools

MECHANICS OF MACHINING
Orthogonal and oblique cutting , Derivation of equqtion of forces, Shear plane angle , Merchant’s
theory.
THERMAL ASPECTS OF MACHINING - Heat development in machining , Measurement of
chip tool interface temperature, action of cutting fluids, tool failure.
MACHINE TOOL VIBRATION - Types of machine tool vibration self excited vibration,
avoidance of chatter and vibration, stick slip motion, NC system stability.

REFERENCES:
Cyril Donaldson “ Tool Design “ Tata Mc Graw Hill
Bhattacharya A “ Metal Cutting” Central Book Agency Kolkata
Rodin P. “ Design and Production of Metal Cutting tools “ Mir Publishers
HMT : “ Production Technology “ Tata Mc Graw Hill Publications
ASTME ‘ Fundamentals of Tool Design” Prentice Hall
Wilson F W “ Hand book of Fixture Design” Mc Graw Hill .

METHODS ENGINEERING

Course Code ME – 716 Credits 2 ( 2- 0-

0)

METHOD STUDY - Definition and concept , scope of method study ,indicators of method study
Elements of method design , Process charts , procedures of method study.

W ORK MEASUREMENT - Definition & objectives of work measurement,

Procedure for time study , time estimates & production standard, level of performance, Allowances,
Recording techniques in time study.

MICROMOTION STUDY - Introduction, objectives of micromotion study.

SIMO charts

JOB EVALUATION – Definition and concept Need for job evaluation , Methods of job evaluation
Essentials for success of job evaluation programme.

REFERENCES:

1. Sharma S.K. “ Industrial Engineering & operations management “ Kataria Publications

2. Mahajan M .S. “ Industrial Engg & Production Management” Dhanpat Rai
& Sons Delhi

3. Shah H.S. “ Work Study & Ergonomics “ Dhanpat rai & Sons.

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

Course Code ME – 717 Credits 3 ( 3-

0- 0)

Introduction to Industrial relations, objectives of industrial relations, Industrial dispute, Worker’s

Participation in Management, Collective bargaining, trade union ,Payment of Wages act, Industrial
disputes Act, Factory Act, Minimum Wages Act.

Personnel Management _ Objectives & functions of Personnel management, Recruitment,

selection & training.

Industrial Psychology – Scope of industrial psychology, Objectives of industrial psychology,

Individual & Group behaviour , Morale, Motivation.

REFERENCES:

Chatterjee N.R. “ Industrial Psychology “ Sudha Publications Delhi

Spriegel William R. “ Industrial Management” John Wiley & sons New York.

Fayol Henri “ General & Industrial management “ London Sir Issac Pitman & Sons Ltd.