( 6th Preparatory Student's Book

by Olivia Johnston
and Caroline de Messieres

Editorial and Adaptation Committee

Ministry of Education English Curriculum Committee
Malek Mohamed )uda - Head of the English Curriculum
Adil Ali Moussa - Senior Education Specialist
Muayyad Naji Ahmed - Head of English Department in the Open Education Collf9e
Ramzi Nouri Abdullah - Senior Education Specialist
Batool Faeq Abdu lwahid- Senior EdlJCation Specialist

Book Map
UNIT 1 The health service
listening 10 check specific
information
listening for numbers
listening and choosing
endings for sentences
talking about previous and
current events
talking about problems and
solutions
practising dialogues and
adding new words
listening 10 check ideas
telling a partner ideas and
reasons for them
reading written exercises
aloud
suggesti ng improvements
to a partner
aa listening to provide answers
to questions
listening to complete
information
c contributing to a class
discussion
asking and answering
questions
111 using information to role-play
Revision and practice of skills, grammar and lexis from Units 1 to 3
u identifying the best headline
for an article
finding intormation within
a text
writing summaries based on
informatio n already given
producing a longer piece of
writing using linking words
and phrases
writing an essay arguing 'for'
and ' against' something
~kim min~ texts for specific
111formatron
:eading ~o find specific
1
tnformatron
reading an advert to anS\'IIer
questions
defining new words
rewriting sentences with
different verb formats
writing a paragraph tram
notes
reading to find info rmation
to wpport or oppose
statemen ts
detailed reading to
remember information
writing facts from memory
writing in reported speech
writing in the second
conditiorlal
writing in question form al
-
comparing past simple and phrasal verbs
past continuous
words to describe illness and
comparing past simple and health
used to linking words and phrases
J
adjective endings
prefixes meaning not
e expressions ot quantity
~--------------- - -- .
learning new vocabulary by putting words into groups
understandmg that words with similar meanings are not always
interchangeable
should/shouldn't for advice and ex pectation
expressions to make polite requests
saying it is necessary to do something
comparing must and hove to
. .
makmg suggestrons and offers
compound nouns
informal passive
understand ing and using abbreviations
words to express regret
second conditional
111 a words to describe jobs an d
careers
third conditional
words used in conditional
indirect or reported speech
struCLures
verb prefix dis-
111 learning new vocabLrlary by making word webs
11 choosing the correct conditional to convey your meaning

talking about previous events
describing a holiday
asking and answering
questions
describing a process
practisi ng and extending
dialogues with a partner
prac tisi ng grammar in
meaningful situations
listening for specific
information
lis tening to complete
homework assignmen ts
a role-playing a real-life
situation
a orally summarizing short
texts
a talking about events in the
past
a group discussions abou tllflit
topics
a listening for specific
' .
information
llstening ror detailed
understanding
a listening to a partner's
spoken work to identify ideas
a lis tening for specif ic
information
talking about favourite things
speaking in front of a group
discussing ideas with a
part ner
Revision and practice of skills, grammar and lexis from Units S to 7
Grammar and F unc tion!i Reference
l.iteraturc Fo cu s
Checklisl for w r it ten work
Tr a nscript
Wordlis t
skimmi ng for gist
scanning a text to find
specific information
reading for specific
information
a expressing personal reaction
to a t ex t
identify ing a w riter's attitude
matching beginnings an d
endings or sentences
writing a description of a
holiday
analyzing and rewriting a
well-argued text, using link
words as appropria te
a reading for g1st
reading to understand
detailed information
a reading to predict
information
a editing written work for
mistakes
summarizing a written text
D writing a leLter of complaint
a matching words with
definitions
a scanning a text to fi nd
specific informa tion
a readi ng for detailed
understanding
a reading to identify main
ideas
writing lo express opinion
a writing a dialogue
w ri ting an essay describing
advan tages and
disadvantages
compound nouns
reviewing present perfect
simple and continuous: collocations
with adverbs such as ~'ef words which signal relative
and never clauses
with for and since connecting and linki ng w ords
with How iong .. . ?
reviewing simple/con tinuous
and presen t perfect tenses
reviewing the past perfect
tense
reviewing relative clauses
a learni ng new vocabulary by putting things into groups
a choosing the correct tense to convey your meaning
a reviewing active and passive a words used in banking and
sentences finance
a reviewing condi tional tenses a guessing meaning from
context
formal and in formal
expressions
reviewing and practising the passive
extending knowledge of vocabu lary
reviewing future tenses a words used in education
future in the past a learning about word families
linking words anc! phrases
p.79
p .85
p .93
p.94
p .113
 Lesson 1
My toe is bleeding
AB 2/3

Look at the pictures. What minor health problem do you think

each person is suffering from?
Match what each person is saying to the correct picture.

My shoulder hurts. l did it playing tennis.

I burnt my finger on the oven.

I've got a broken leg. I fractured it in

a motorbike accident.

I have a temperature of 39.

I have a very bad cold. I can't stop sneezing.

I need this bucket because I think I'm

going to be sick.

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

6
I was ice-skating and I fell over Lesson 2
AB4-6

Discuss with a partner what

is happening in each picture.
Then read the text and gu ess The doctor will
the missing words. ..., Adil.

AI Yarmouk Hospital
ACCIDENT & EMERGENCY

Sit down, please. I need

t o take your details.

[ru . Do you think it's broken?

Probably not. But you

need to have an x-ray
I'm going to put your to ....
wrist in plaster.

g <D Listen and check.

Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

7
 He was floating when he felt
Lesson 3
AB6-9
soinething push hiin
Read the article and choose the best headline.
~RBEDSCAN BE
DANGEROUS!
DOLPIITNS SAVED
lllM FROM A SHARK!
It was a calm morning
in the beautiful seaside
town of Sharm El Sheikh.
Egyp l. Twenty-year-old
Zaid Tariq, a to urist
from Iraq, was floating
peacefully 150 metres
from the shore when ho
felt something push him.
'I didn't know what it
,.v as; he told reporters. 'I
thought perhaps my
airhed had hit a piece of
Now do Exercises A to E in the Activity Book.
8
WATCH OUT FOR
RED SEA SHARKS!
. F'IRST AID ON
THE BEACH!
wood. Then it pushed
even harder and I fell into
the \<Vater. That's when I
savv it \vas a shark.'
He \1\Tas trying to swim
away -vvhen the shark bit
his arm. Tariq. who was
losi ng a lot of blood and
thought he was about to
die, screamed as loud as
he could.
' Twas praying to God to
save me,' he said, ,vhcn thank God.'
some dolphins swam up
and frightened the shark
away. There were at least
six of them and th ey made
a circle around me. The
sbark co uldn't get near
me.'
Coastguard Jameel
Elalawi heard Tariq's
screams and rescued him
by boat. While he was
giving Tariq first aid on
Lhe boAt, hi.s partner,
Ahmed J\l Misri, called
lhe emergency services.
J\n amhulanr: e was
wailing for Tariq
on the shore and he
was im mediately taken
to the hospital at Sharm
El Sheikh.
'It was the most
frightening dAy of my life,
Tariq to ld reporters from
his hospital bed. 'That
shark wanted to
have me for breakfast but
the dolphins saved me.
Most sn1okers take it up lesson 4

as teenagers AB 10- 12

Re a d the texts belo w and choose t he

correct fig u re s t o comple t e each o ne.
~ 0 The n li ste n and check your a nswe rs.

( 7 15 18 24 41 80% 300 )

Every year, arou nd 1 14,000 smokers in

the United Kingdom di e fro m their habit.
That's about (j) people every day.
Smoking in Britain is highest in the
20-@ age group.
It is il legal to sell cigarettes to chi ld ren
und er the age of 16. Yet 20% of Britain 's
@ -year-olds are regular smokers.
More than (4) of smokers take up
the habit when they are teenagers.
People who smoke a packet of cigarettes
a day die on average years earlier
than people who have never smoked .
Every day in the Uni ted Kingdom,
approximately 450 young people under the age of _ _ _ start smoking.
The British Government currently spends around 30 million a year on
anti-smoking ed ucation campaigns. A further ('i) mi llion is spent
on m easures to hel p people g ive up smo king.
More people in Britain die from smoking than fro m road accidents,
poisoning and AIDS.

Now d o Exe rcise A in the Activity Book.

Study the la ng uage box t he n find anothe r exa m ple of a p hrasal verb
in the t exts above.

Phrasal verbs are f ormed w hen a preposition (e.g., up/down/off) is ad ded to a

verb and creates a new verb. Sometimes t he new verb has a similar meaning,
but som etimes it is very different.
I' ll pick you up at half past seven. (= fa i~l y si milar to th e verb pick)
He gave up smoking w hen he got ill. ( = ve ry different m eaning from t he verb give)

Now do Exe rcise B in the Activity Book.

9
 lesson 5
Take soine exercise every day
AB 12/ 13

Complete the hea lth tips w ith the phrases in the box.

Be safe when you travel Don't drink too much coffee Don't smoke
Drink plenty of water Eat a balanced diet Get enough sleep
Look after your eyes Never miss breakfast
See the dentist for regular checkups Take some exercise every day

FOR KEEPING HEALTHY

1 - - - ~--- ~.An average of eight hours a night is about right.
2 - - - - . Make sure you eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables.
Avoid excessive amounts of salt. sugar and animal fat.

3 - - - ___ . It's the most important meal of the day.

'+ - - - - - . Ideally, do sport three times a week for an hour. If you
hate sport. go for a 20-minute walk every day.

!5 - at least a litre and a half every day. Tea, coffee and soft
drinks are NOT water.

6 .And brush your teeth three times a day.

7 .Tea is better for your heart and can even lower your
blood pressure.
s __ _ - - - - . If you do, ask a doctor for help with giving it up.
9 ._ _ _ _ . Get them tested once a year.

10 -. Make sure you are up to dace with vaccinations and take

malaria medication if necessary.

Match four of the hea lth tips with the pictures.

Now do Exercises A to F in the Activity Book.

10
 Teachers used to be stricter lesson 6
AB 14/ 15

Look at the photos a nd read the captions. Where

and w hen do yo u think the phot os were taken?

-
Pe~e ~ 4o +.-dY1 by dorW!y car-l . &is ddn"f u.se +o go fc 5Cl-col.
-
-~.
;:..,~did,.;+ use fc h.ive r,-adors.

Which opinions are true for Iraq? Write A (agree) or D (disagree)

in the boxes. The n discuss your views with your partne r.

I agree. Families definitely used t o be bigger.

~ That's right. My m other has eight brothers and sisters.

''.~,_.~
But I've only got two brothers and one sister.

1 Fa milies used to be bigger.

D
2 Young people used to have less freedom.
D
3 The health se rvice used to be better.
D
4 The re used to be more poverty.
D
5 People used to die younger.
D
6 People used to get a better education .
D
7 The re didn't use to be so much pollution in cities.
D
8 Children didn't use to be so rude.
D
Talk about how life has changed in
the past 100 years. Make sentences
wi th used to/didn 't use to. Use t hese
ideas: c hildren, cities, villages, used to + verb is for things which
entertainment, m edicine, houses, were true in the p ast but are not
schools, men, wom en, young people. true now. Films used to be black and
white. Now they are usua lly in colour.
Now do Exercises A and B in the The n egative is didn 't use to. People
Activity Book. didn't use to have computers and
mobile phones, but now everyone
has them.

11
 lesson 7
Let's start with diet
AB 16

Read the article and choose the correct lin king phrase for each gap.

As a result of this Finally, let's talk about Furthermore In my opinion

In the past lct'g gtaR: v~it:l"t Next, we need to look at Now
The main reason is Yet

People should take p eopl e m Ad to wa lk

m o!'U, or use a bi cycle
th an this habil.
Smoking damages 1he
to gut aronnd. lungs and heart. and
responsibil ity for ':) evervone smokers generally need
gets in their car in;tead more medical attention
their own health of walking. e\'en if thau non-smokers.
the distance is just f9 - _ . the
a ki lolllP.tre or two. government should not
IJy Dr Samir Ramzi 0 , children give free health care to
spend hours playing people "ho don't take
E\'t~ry year. the @ that TV and computer care of themstc:hes .
games instead of People who lead
government spends people are eating food
that contains too much running about outside. unheallhy li\'cs should
millions of pounds in
health care on people fat. sugar and sal t. .~ we all pay for their own
\\'hO have brought their lj) _ unhealth\ know that regular health care. And if thm-
dial. 60 per cent ~f exercise helps us to hring up their childre~
illnesses on themselves
lhrough had diet, lack British people arc control our weight and in on unhealthv way
of AXerc:ise, or smoking. overweight and therefore keep our heart hcalthv. they sho uld p~y f~;
. their c hildren 's health
(i) Let 5 star+ with at ri sk of becoming
diot. In Britain . th H diahetic. smo king. T here's r.aro too.
number of diHbeti cs @ _ _ HImost nothing th at's
goes u p ever y year. exercise. (~) _ worse for yolU' hAalth

Study these useful linking phrases.

Giving opinions: In my opinion, ... I I feel that ... I Personally, I think ... I
Generally speaking, ...
Listing points: First ly, ... I Let's start w ith ... I In the first place, ... 1 Secondly, _..
Next, ... I In addition, ... I Furthermore, ... I On top of that, ... I Thirdly, . __
Finally, .. . I Lastly, ... I Last but not least, .. .
Talking about causes: One reason is that ... I Because of ... I This is caused by ...
Talking about results: As a result, . .. I Consequently, ... I Therefore, ...

Now do Exercises A and B in the Activity Book.

Lessons 8 and 9 \~ AB 17-23

12
 -
I'll always be proud of him
lesson 10
AB 24/ 25

Read the article and choose the best title.

a) DIABETES, A DEADLY DISEASE
b) MODERN MEDICINE
c) SAVED BY HER 4-YEAR-O LD SON
d) HOW TELEPHONES SAVE LIVES

su~-:;rs ~r:~rn
-: c~ .... l'"o' r1e
(,j')XI St,p<-11W 'I " 8Ct'')r rS r;f 3_"
lnSJir 1.
sr l l"lo:nLs 1.P k.We ~ ,..,f EUg<:tr 1 her hloc.1d cjr.:.Ji:,
I \.<:1, ,., ~ ~,..... e,..,. l.lfr ci rnn_1 800I If a11 :l1:s .
'0() 'Uv'.J CV'd lr <011 Srlu C,JI' IUSe crJn SCIOUSi"';CSS.
l_atifa :.><=iy~; 'I 11.11 rVu,t<:tr~l < C:l. l,:d tile entoroency
T F.1 rs V/r~EI' 11:'1d r''\upr.x~ed DI.Yi,-:g ~hE: n'gfn,
1
~81V r::C!~ '31' !.,, 1 h1~ r)ljl; ,
l.t:t 1ta ~~ h'o' d ~~ ~'J<lr llild d i)f jpE.d voy iO\:v c:;rld
sr 8 llc~, J Ins! cOilS("' ou:: ess~. Wr'nvL.l ....er-: ~-TiE

Oc." IE' S.
Jt'C 'lly Til
l..o;.: ~:t s H=- ;E;s
1100:)."'! o _e. ;,r]o-:

Now do Exe rcises A to D in the Activity Book.

13
IT 2
 2 Law and order

Match the words and the pictures.

footp rint metal detect or crime scene

fingerprint x-ray machine speed limit

radar speed gun security camera security guard

g. 0 Now list e n to two people talking . Which speaker is :

a police officer?
a driver?

Now do Exercises A and B in the Activity Book.

16
A police officer's duties 2

What does a police officer do? With a partner,

list as many activities as you can think of in
two minutes.
A police officer has given a talk to a school class
about his job. As part of th e talk, he gave out an
information pack to the students. Read the
extracts from the information pack below. What
activities does he mention? How many are the
same as your ideas?

People have to follow the law so that we can all live

together safely. There are a lot of different laws, so
police officers have a lot of different duties. Some
officers direct traffic to make sure that drivers can
use the roads easily and without having accidents.
They also use radar speed guns to identify people
who are driving too fast. This is very important. Drivers
mustn't speed because speeding is one of the leading
causes of death on the road . Police officers also check
that drivers and passengers are wea ri ng their seat belts.
Some people get angry because they don't like to wea r
them, but seat belts can prevent serious injuries if you
have an accident. So remember, when you get into a
car, you must wear your seat belt!

~ Of course, police officers also investigate crimes like robberies. When there has been a crime,
police officers are sent to the place where it happened. They need to look for evidence, like
fingerprints and footprints, which can be used to identify and arrest the criminal. Of course,
they don't have to recognize the fingerprints themselves! There are fingerprint expe1is who do
that. Police officers also have to ask a lot of questions. They interview witnesses who they
th ink might have information about the cri me. Witnesses can help the police by telling them
what a criminal looks like or what time a crime was committed.

Police officers try to prevent cnmes as well as solve crimes. They often watch places where
they thin k crimes are likely to happen. For example, crowded areas attract pickpockets who
try to steal people's wallets. Shops that sell expensive items also attract thieves. But police
officers also help people with everyday problems. For example. if you're lost, you needn't
worry, you can JUSt ask a police officer for directions!

J Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

17
 2 Airport security

Look at the pictures. Which places do you go to before boarding a plane?

Which do you go to after getting off? What happens in each place?

~ 0 Listen and check your ideas.

Would you put your bag on the

conveyor belt, please?

Could you empty your pockets,

please?

Shall we get some magazines

before boarding?

Let's get some drinks too.

Look at the sentences from the dialogues.
Which ones are used to: I'll stay here with the bags
make a polite request? if you want.

m ake a suggestion?
Can you get me an orange soda?
give advice?
You should always have your
make a n offer?
baggage with you.

18
Applying for a job 2
I f"\.'.t'n .l
AR ~l'-- 'D

Look at the job advert b elow. Where can you find adverts like
this one? Now read the advert more carefully and do Exe rcises
A- D in your Activity Book.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------:
I I

\ SAFETASH SECURITY \
j is looking for friendly. reliable
1
i
I

\ Security Guards
I
\
! for malls. factories and office bldgs. !
I

I I
: ;
: We are the world's best security co. You must: i
be 18 yrs. or older be avail. at w-e. j
be fit be comp. literate !
I

spk. Engl. and Arab. have a driving lie.

No exp. necessary. Hours 6 a.m.-3 p.m. You will work with

a partner and have freq . contact with the public.

If interested. please phone Mr Hazem on 454-7986

for an appt.
------------ - - ----------------------- ------------------------- ------ - ~-~- ------

l ook at t he sentences from t he conversation and answer the quest ion.

Samir: That's fine. I enjoy talking to people.
Mr Hazem: Then you should enjoy the job.
Mr Hazem: Good, I'll send you the directions by e-mail. They're very clear.
You shouldn't have any trouble fi nding us.
W hen Mr Hazem says Then you should enjoy the job, does he m ean:
a It's a good idea to enjoy the job?
b) I think you will enjoy the job?
Use should and shouldn't to say w hat you expect wi ll or won't happen.

Now d o Exercise E in t h e Activity Book.

19
 2 Military jobs

Look at the pictures. Which of t h e jobs looks t he most interesting?

Which do you think you can do in t he military?
-} --- @]~

' " ~-~ ~~~~~======~--============~========~=======v~~~

Have you ever thought about
joining the military?
There are many different military jobs, so you should be able to find
one that's right for you. The military has three branches: the Land
Force, the Navy and the Air Force. If you choose the Land Force. you
can help protect the country from the ground. In the Navy you can
work on or with the ships that protect our waters. If you like aircraft
you can join the Air Force and work with airplanes and helicopters.
You must be 18 years old to join.
Not all jobs in the military involve fighting. For example, there are many
interesting jobs for people with a technical background. If you are
interested in computers, you can become a computer specialist. The
military needs computers to keep and organize information about many
things, such as the weather and temperature. And it needs people who
know computers to install and maintain the software and hardware.
There are also non-technical jobs in the military. Drivers are usually
needed to transport food and equipment from one place to another.
You might have to use a radio. but you needn't be very technica l. But
you do have to be in good physica l co nditio n. Driving a mi litary vehi cle
is not like driving you r car on the road! You must be able to drive off
the road and in bad weather conditions.
Most people want a chance to get a better job if they are good at
what they do. In the military, you can take a test to become an officer.
Officers have more responsibility and more difficult jobs, but many
people think those jobs are also more interesting. Officers can do
many different jobs, too: they can pilot airplanes, supervise computer
technicians, or even be doctors at the army base.
You don't have to have a lot of experience when you join the military.
When you start, you spend a lot of time learning new things in a
classroom. Then you get a lot of practice using your new skills. The
things you learn are not only useful while you are in the military, but
can be useful outside, too. This means that when you leave the
military, your training can help you find a civilian job.

~ Oont

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

20
A robbery 2

Skim the two texts. Are they about the same or different eve nts?

A
rohbery occurred last
night at 11.00 at 305
Park Drive. The
ovmers of the house. Mr ami
Mrs Smith, were at home and
aslee p a t tht:l time of the
rnb bery. M o nc~y. jewell er y
and a r.ompuler were stolen .
but no one was injured.
At 11.15, police wcrt:l
alerted by Mr Smith, v.rho says
his daughter, Sue, woke him
up after hearing l:i loud noise.
When h e wenl downstairs to
investigate. he found a broken
vac;c on lhc Door. He then
realized his computer was
missing. and immediatclv
called lhe police.
The police helieve the
rohber may have got in the
house through a window. A
\\'ib1css told the police she
had seen a tall man in a dark
blu e jacket run out of the
house and drive a "'vay in a
red car. The police haven 't
arrested anyone for the crime
yet. None of the missing
property has been fom1d.
This was the fifth robbery
in town this year, and police
think the same man mav
be responsible. They ar~
reminding homeowners to
lock their doors at night
and keep ground floor
\v indow s closed.

0
from \,..;(Sue
;,;;__ _ _ _ _ __ __,:)

a To @ Ann I
Subject : I You won'l believe what happened I
Dear Ann,
You won't believe what happened last night. I was sound asleep, when all or a sudden I heard a
loud crash. Of course I was terrified. I knew my parents were asleep (it was around 11.00), but I
thought I heard somebody downstairs. I didn't know what to do, so I ran to wake my parents. My
father made me go back to my room. then he went downstatrs to find out what had happened. He
found a big mess. There were papers and a broken vase on the living room floor. We had been
robbed! My father called the police. Luckily the burglar had already left, and no one got hurt.

r m not scared anymore. but I feel really angry. My father had his computer stolen and my Science
report was on the hard disk! Now I have to write it all over again. And the Jewellery my father gave
my mother for her btrthday was stolen, too. She's really upset.

The police told us they think the robber came in through the window. My father is getting the lock
replaced today. The police were very nice, but they don't think we'll get our things back. Well, I'll tell
you more about it at school tomorrow.

See you soon,

Sue

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

21
 U~IJ'

2 A safety brochure

Skim the paragraphs from a safety b rochure published for the public
by the Po lice De partment. What is its pu rpose?
to give informatio n about different types of crime
to persuade people to take security measures in their home

-
to sell burglar alarms

EVERYONE SHOULD
THINK ABOUT
I
H ME SAFETY
Why should you think about home
safety? Every year. hundreds of people
have their homes robbed. Thieves take
money, jewellery. computers and even
television sets. Then they sell them
again. often to people who don't
realize they are buying stolen property.
Many people have Insurance that pays
for things that get stolen. But some
things can't be replaced. For example,
jewellery can have sentimental value.
And if you get your computer stolen.
you could lose hours of work on your
hard disk. so don't plant any near your windows . Get g ood
locks for your doors. too Some ore unbelievably
easy to open without a key for an experienced
Basic measures: burglar They con open your door with o bank
windows, doors and locks cord or a paperclip! But o good lock is almost
What ore the most important things for home impossible to unlock without !he key.
safety? Good windows, doors and locks ore A good door is also essentia l. Make sure your
ex1remely important Many thieves come in door is solid . Have your house examined by on
through open windows. Make sure your windows expert, who con tell you 1f you need to make
hove good locks and lock them when you go your house more secure
out. Burglars can hide behind trees and bushes.

Now do Exercises A to E in the Activity Book.

Lessons 8 and 9 ~ AS 39-46

22
 -
Security technology 2

Find :

on e number. three vehicles.

at least five useful linking phrases. a word that means 'rain, snow, sunny
or cloudy'.

RADAR
Radar was invented d1.Ll'ing World War IT to detect enemy a.ircrait and
ships. After that, it was used for many other things, including weather
prediction. Police officers started using radar speed guns to catch speeders over
50 years ago. Although new technology is being developed today, radar speed
guns are still one of the most common tools in law enforcement.

A radar speed gun works by sending radio waves towards a car. When the
waves rut the car, they bounce back towards tbe radar gun. If tbe car isn't
mm."ling, the radio waves are the same as when they were sent. If the car 1s
moving, however, the space between the radio waves changes. The radar gun
uses this information to calculate the speed of the car. Radar guns work when the car is
moving towards or away from them. So you can't avold a ticket by speeding away!

There are different types of radar gullS. Some are handheld and are shaped a bit like
guns. They can be used by police officers who are waiting for speeders by the side of
the road. Police officers can also use them from moving vehicles. In that case, the
radar gun takes into account the speed of the police vehicle. Some radar guns can take
a picture of a car's license plate as well as measure its speed. With this type of radar
goo, police don't have to stop the speeding car. They use the informat.ion on the license
plate to identify the owner of the car. They then send him or her a speeding ticket.

Some drlvers try to avoid radar guns so that they won't get ticket-s.
They use radar detectors that detect if a radar gun is being used
nearby. These machines make a beeping sound when they detect a
radar gun, and the driver slows down. However, some police officers
don't turn on thelr radar guns until they see a car that they think
is speeding. If that happens, the radar gun measures the driver's
speed before tbe driver even knows the radar gun is there. Another
problem is that, in some places, radar detectors are illegal and you
can get a fine for having one.

Some people claim radar guns can make mistakes and that drivers get tickets when they
(
shouldn't. However, there aren't many mistakes if the radar gUns are used correctly and
police officers are trained to use them properly. There are also rules about rada.r gun
maintenance. If the radar guns are checked and flxed regularly, they are a.n essential
tool in helping keep our roads safe.

Now do Exercises A to D in your Activity Book.

23
 1
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1
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 Lesson 1
I'd like to work
AB 49/ 50
in the tourist industry
Match the careers t o the pictures. Write the correct n umber in each box.

a) lJIarchitecture e) D fine art i) ~ the oil industry

b) D the aviation in dustry f) D information technology j) D scientific research
c) D engineering g) r
-l the media k) D teach ing
d) 0 t he environment h) Imedicine I) D the tourist industry

Q Listen and match each speaker to a career from the list above.
Write the correct letter next to each name.

Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

26
If you come round ton1orrow, ' lesson 2

I'll help you AB 5 1- 54

Ramiz is having an int erview w it h a careers advisor

at school. Complete the conversation w ith t he
correct words f rom the box.

career conserving environment involve

qualifications science university

Advisor: What w ou ld you like to do w hen you

finish studying?
Ramiz: I'm not sure yet. But I'm very interested in
ecology and the l
Advisor: If you're good at 'IJ and
geography, there are lots of jobs to choose from.
Ramiz: I love them both. They're my favourite subjects.
Advisor: Well, how about a ~ in w ater
technology? That's real ly importa nt in this country.
Ramiz: What exactly does water technology 4 ?
Advisor: If you work in w ater technology, you look for ways
of s w ater and purifying it.
Ramiz: Yes, I'd like to w ork in the w ater industry. Water
conservation and purification are really important in this
country. What kind of ~ _ do I need?
Advisor: First of all, you need to get a degree. You cou ld choose
from environmenta l science, geology or even engineering .
Ramiz: Which '!_ offers those courses?
Advisor: I have to check. If you come back next w eek, I'll have the answ er.

" Now listen and

check yo ur answ ers.
Zero cond itional
Underline examples
of conditionals in Plants die if you don 't water them.
t h e conversation.
The verb in both clauses is in the present t ense.

Now do Exercises First conditio nal

A toE in the If you come round tomorrow, I'll help you with your application.
Activity Book.
Th e verb in the if clause is in the present tense.
The verb in t he other cla use is in the future tense.
" - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---'""'"'"''""""___,_=uo = ,..

27
 -
. UNIT

lesson 3
If you could choose any job ...
AB 54-56

~@ Listen and read, t hen a nswer the questio ns.

What is Marya m going to study?

What career would she prefer to have?

Cathy: If you could have any career in the world, what would you choose?
Maryam: I'd like to be a pilot.
Cathy: Do you think th at dream is eve r going to come true?
Maryam: No, I don't. It's just a dream . My parents wouldn't approve of it.
They want me to train as a d octor.
Cathy: What if you refused?
Maryam: Are you joking? They'd be really upset if I refused .
Cathy: But it's your dream.
Maryam: I know. But I could never b e a successful p ilot, anyway.
Cathy: What do you mea n?
Maryam: If I was a p ilot, nobody woul d fly with me.
Cathy: Why not?
Maryam: Because I' m a bit sca red of heig hts!
Cathy: If I we re you, I'd train as a doctor a nd have flying lessons in my free time.
Maryam: What free ti me? Medica l students don' t have any free time!

Now do Exercise A in the Act ivity Book.

We use the second conditional to talk about un rea l situations.

If I had enough money, I would go to Britain to study.
If she studied harder, she would pass her exams.
If I were you, I'd apply to two or three colleges.

If clause main clause

If + past tense, 'd I would I could I+ verb stem.

Underline exa mples of the second condi tiona l in the above conversation.

Now do Exercises B to D in the Activity Book.

28
 -
She asked when she had decided
lesson 4
AB 56-58

Read the interview, then cover your b oo ks. Writ e d own t hree fact s you
can rem ember about Zaha . Take turns telling the class.

MEET ONE OF THE MOST POPULAR

ARCHITECTS IN THE WORLD!
This week Lotito Ahmed interviews Zoho Hodid, London-based Iraqi architect

What kind of buildings are you famous for?

I like very modern designs, so probably my
most futuristic buildings.

Have your designs won ony prizes?

Yes, the Pntzker Pnze in 2004 - I was the first
woman ever to win this - and the Stirling Prize
1n 2010 and 2011 .

Can Iraqi women always be as successful

a s men in their careers?
Of course. Any Iraqi woman con succeed in
When did you decide to be an architect? her chosen career if she works hard enough.
It has been my dream s1nce childhood.

Why?
I om fasc inated by the desig n a nd structure of
buildings. I wonted a career that I would enjoy
and that would be useful.

Can you tell me more about your

background?
I was born 1n Baghdad and studied
mathematics ot the American University of
Beirut. Then I moved to London and studied
orchrtecture. I opened my own practice there
in 1979. I also started to teach architecture
students in famous universities like HeNard.

Write the interviewer 's qu estions in r eported speech.

S/,e asked Mer when 5he had dec ided to be an architect .

N ow do Exercises A to D in the A ctivity Book.

29
 -
Lesson 5
I wish I'd brought n1y sunglasses
AB 59-61

Match each sente nce to a pictu re .

I wish I'd brought my sunglasses with me. If only I hadn't tripped over that rock.

Read the driving test report after

Sajida failed her driving test.
Then write her regrets. DRIVING TEST REPORT
Name: S<!J.da Slv-eida
I wi6h I'd learnt 1: hadn't learnt fJ,e Hi9hway Code
the Highway Code.
2: dr-ove f hrOLA9h a red /; ht
9
3 : did not slow down at a crossroads
+: parked ille9ally on fhe pavement
S : exceeded the speed limit
b: J,;t a f ree when reversin
9
7: drove info the bad of a parked c ar

Now d o Exercises A to 0 in the Activity Book.

30
 If I'd been fitter Lesson 6
AB 62/ 63

~ @ listen to a movie director talking

about finding the right career. He is explaining
what happened when he t ried other jobs.
Complete the captions under each
picture.
EYE TESTS

I wanted to be a pilot, but I fa,led fJ.,e eye test.

I started training to be a doctor, but ...

I considered studying engineering, but ...

I tried being a policeman, but .. .

I wasn'l a good tou r guide because ...

Now do Exercise A in the Activity Book.

We use the t hird conditional to talk about unreal situations in the past.
If I had passed the test, I would have become a pilot.
(= But I didn 't pass it so I didn 't become one.)
We can also use t he third conditional to express regret about the past.
If we had trained harder, we might hove won the match.
(= But we didn 't train hard so we didn't win .)
The verb in the if clause is in the past perfect tense. In the main cla use, we use
would have or 'd have, might have or could have + the past participle.

Now do Exe rcises B and C in the Activity Book.

31
 Learn English in the UK
lesson 7
AB 64/ 65

Complete the advertiseme nt with the correct words from the list.
~ @ Then listen and check your answers.

accommodati on advice canteen courses experience experienced

hostels level locations staff suit return

Learn English zn the U J( at

Birchwood International College!
We have colleges in 24 different Ci) across the count1-y.
Choose a busy city, where you can enjoy shopping, caring out and
nightlife. Or opt for a village in the English countryside, where you wlll
e1~ oy beau tiful surroundings, lovely walks and a slower pace of life.

All our teachers are qualified and highly 0 . Classes are

small, which means thar you will be sure of a high (3 of
individual atten tion. O ur courses, which run througho ut the year, are
tailored to your needs, and our friendly @ _ are always on
hand to offer expert @ . Choose from
of one week to 3 months' duration.

\ Ve offer a choice of accommodation to (?) your needs. If

you choose homtstay, you wi lJ stay in an English h ome, which means you
will have the opportunity to (8' family life in Britain. You
will also be able to practise your E nglish in the evenings.

In 12 of our locations, you can choose residential accommodation. \!1/e

have our own students' nv - where we can otier comfortable
r19 in single rooms. Breakfast js provided and students can
buy other meals in the on-site @ _

D ownload an application fonn from www.birchwoodeollege.org.uk

and ~ _ it with a recent passport photo to Birchwood
International College, PO Box 222, Truro TR22 9DR.

Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

Lessons 8 and 9 ~ AB 66-73

32
Focus on careers - Lesson 10
AB 74/ 75
conference interpreter
Read the text and write T (true) or F (false) next t o each statement.
a) 0 A good interpreter follows the news and is well-informed on many topics.
b) D Interpreters have to have a degree before they do an interpreti ng diploma.
c) 0 It is very easy to get a place on an interpreting course.
d) 0 Interpreters must have three active languages.
e) D Conference interpreters must translate each word literally.

But you mustn't vvaste time trying to

The place is the Hilton Hotel, Abu Dhabi, and the annual
Arab Oil Industry Conference is about to break for lunch.
Samira AI Mahmoud, who has been interpreting from
English to Arabic, removes her headphones.
Asked how she prepared for this
conference. Samira says. 1 knevv me
topic vvas oil. so I read about the suQ)ect
to get familiar with the technical terms.
'tlu can't use a general word like 'the
ground'. for example, ..,,.,;hen you actually
mean 'the source rock'. In my \vork. 1t's
very import3nt to listen iO the nev;s
emy day and read tne newsoapers.
That way. you have good general
knowledge and know whar is going on
in the world. Some interprerers read
three or four nevvspapers a day.'
Samira was born in Britain but her
parents are both from Iraq. Samira
gre-w up speaking Arabic at home but
English at scnool. Nter leaving school,
she did a degree in Nabic at the
University of London. rhen a nine-
month postgraduate course in
conference interpreting. There was a
lot of competition to get onto rhe
course. And the course was very
difficult. In fact only 50 percent orthe
students who \Nere accepted i)assed
their final diploma exams.
Samira. like most conference
interpreters. worKs freelance. She only
works when she wants to and for the
organization that she vvants w work
fo[ She often works for the UN in New
York and Geneva. and the World Bank
and UNESCO in Paris. She earns
around .450 a day. 'The amount you
get depends on vvho you are working
for and how many of you are vvorking.
It's less stressful lf here are rwo of us in
the booth. Then we can take turns. I
interpret one speech. then a colleague
does t:he next. This morning. vvhenever
the speaker said figures like
$250,398,462 or 85.637 barrels of oil.
my colleague vvrote them down. so I
didn't have to memorize tttem.'
Samira says that rema111ing calm
under pressure is the most important
quality in an interpreter. Its importam to
convey the sense. even if you can't
think of a particular word. 'Sometimes
you INill be feeling bad because you
mow rne word. It's on the tip of your
tongue but it JUSt won't come to you.
remember it. If you do. you will m1ss
the rest of me speech.'
Samira says i(salso important to be
aOle ro think fast She explained W'ny.
Most interpreters only go into one
language. Samira's active language is
Arabic. but very occc.sionally. she goes
into English. Recently she was
translating from Arabic to English for an
Iraqi speaker on 1\1 Speaking in Arabic.
he said, 'Akl il-inab habba habba' -
words w'nich rranslate 1rrerally into
English as 'Grapes are eaten one by
one.' Bur this literal translation would
not have been clear to English
listeners. Think1ng quickly. she
trans:ated the phrase imo English as
one step at a time
Even if you have !ived al! your life
in Iraq and don't come from an
international family like Samiras. it is still
possible to become an interpreter.
Arabic is a language which is very
much in demand. and if you can
interpret from Arabic to English you will
never be out of aJOb. The way to train
as an interpreter is to first get a degree
in English. Then do a postgraduate
diploma in interpreting.

Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

33
IT4
 ' !,. I
_, ,I 11 '-

'' '
- UNIT:
,,. ~- ~ I .

4 Rashid & Rana Designs

Complete t h e e -mail with th e correct word s.

assistant business flight compete signed

flew designer produce sales

From: [ Rana
~
~--------------~
To: @ S~driA
Subject : G'~~-;;:, busme~"
,~ J
,.. TTWP'' ....~ -
''
I'~
,,,
- ~
,-----::::-:-_
~~
!) '

= --..-,. ~I
Dear Badria

I'm sorry I haven't been 1n touch recently. This year has been really busy. My brother, Rash1d, and I set up
our own company last September. It's called Rash1d & Rana Designs. We produce sh1rts and jeans.
I am the 1 ___ , and Rash1d does all the marketing. Our cousin, Salima, works as Rash1d's
personal ~

We invested a lot of money in the 1 .3, , so we are not yet making a profit. But
~) are very good and we are exporting a lot of clothes to the UAE, Oman, Bahrain
and even the UK. Of course, it is diff icult to 5 with t he Ch1nese market . They
~ such cheap clothes 1n Ch111a. But our designs are very anginal. And they are very
popular in the Gulf. So the future looks very bnght, thank God.

Two months ago we went to Lebanon and Morocco to choose clot h

for our spring designs. We found some beaut iful silk and cotton
fabrics. And last month we ~ to London to
show our new shirt s at London Fashion Week. We had a great
t ime. There was a lot o f interest in our des1gns. We
-8- contracts wit h t hree London department
stores. And a lot of nch and important people bought our silk shirts!

On our way back, guess who we saw at Heathrow A1rport? We were

waiting for our ~ back to Baghdad when our old
school friend, Muna Shak1r, walked past with ... You w1ll never
guess! Ghassan Ahmed! Yes! Apparently t hey got marned two
years ago. And they now have a beautiful little boy
called Kamal.

Let's keep in touch. Come and stay with us whenever you like.

Lots of love
Rana

~ @ Listen and check your an swers.

a Now do Exercises A to Din the Activity Bo ok.

36
 -
Oasis Sports and Leisure 4
lesson 2
AB 78/ 79

Read the interview and answer t h e questions.

a) What job did Hasan Saab use to have?
b) How does he help young people today?

Meet

Mr Hea lth Club !

Hasan Saab owns a chain of health
clubs in the Middle East. At the
age of thirty-three, he is already a
multimillion aire. And he made all
his money himself. We interviewed
How ha:. J ou1 life changed ince you became
him in Oubai and asked him how a millionaire!
he started his business. H,r,in~ mon~:\ h.h dutn.:cd Ill\ ltfe.,nle qltln.:
n hH' I uo,cd 111 h.J\"e ,, te.lt:het ~ m~:ome i\ow
Have you alway,, lived in Dubai! I c.m bm \\ h..te\ ~..r I w.utt I dll\ c a '-POll' c.. c.
'\., t I I l 1 ,~1 ..~... I . 1 In I go on luxul) hohdJ) ... I II\ e 111 a b~..atmful
C.11ro .llld I 11\ed th~o:t~: lJr the tlht nH:m: - holl-..e. 1 hli)' \rm:an1 cloth~'>
tnur yc.lr~ o t 111)' ltfc.
Do you wi!>h you hadn' t given up teaching.z
Have you always been interested in sporU ~om~..rin1L but I ,. I" oo .111 hJttnu ... tn 'l.l\ m
}, ... I \1 d [0 hl 'Pill[... tJbtlllL OJ Ill :1 th.H 1ob fme\l'l I ..,till tl'\' to help \'oun~ people
"L'l'ond,tn ,.,~.:hoof. J r~:.llh cn ]tl\L'd nn \\'otk, wtth -.pon, tlJOu~h. 1\tuJl'Jlt-. l ron t he ..,clJnnl
bu t I oftLn gnt <1 1111 nyn I h\ tht' pom Iaci1i tiL'S. \\ here r usnlw wm k nn: ;lllm,cd to mL' Ill\'
IKal th du b-. tl l'l at L'L' Il.ti n timl' ....
Poor facilities! What exactly dCJ you mean!
I nlL 111 rh H tht'Jl ".h 1 t much ,]uiJ t>l.IU -
no P\'111 , no tCtllll' ~.:<lilt t ~ "<lllh.:t tllll''- no
tthllball, en. [t 1'"t:d t11 he h<trd w cn.a:h mv
l'
smtll'lll' I li"L'd to huv fnot h.JJI ~ .111d Ill hu
e,}t!lpmem for thl'tll \nd I u-..eJ 10 or~.lll t=l'
nutdtc t01 them nt 1he "e" kend<..

How did you start your business!

I hL'It 1 I 1 lx- , 111 II '\Ill n r 1~ ~..nd ol m\
'>tn::ct Nohod} u~xl to go to 11. Ir wn-.n't m:kin..::
1m mone} md the ownen\ .1metl to 'ell 11 I
honm\ ~,.'(! mom~ nom tlu..: b:mk and hott:!ht JL Bm
I modct nt:nl the: huild111~ .lmltt h.x.unc m: fi r~r
ltl';J itb dLth . I c:tlkd lc tlw r hhl.\,

Now d o Exercises A to C in t he Activity Book.

37
 4 How to be the best!

Match the sentence ha lves.

1 If you want to have a successful
restaurant,
2 To make a good impression at
a job interview,
3 If you want to have a successful
party,
4 If you want to be successful
in business,
5 To be a good secretary,
6 If you want to be hea lthy,
7 If you work for an airline,
8 When you are in a meeting,
a) you don't have to pay for
plane t ickets.
b) you have to be ambitious.
c) you should turn your mobile off.
d) you must em ploy a good chef.
e) you need good com puter skills.
f) you must do a lot of exercise.
g) you should dress well and
be punctual.
h) you should make sure there is plenty
of good food.

Ma tch six of the sentences to the pictures.

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

38
 -
' .
' ' ,',j I ,,,

UNIT-- ..
What's your personality type? 4
'

. Lesson 4
.
AB
. 82-.... ' ..-:

Read the text. Which persona lity type do yo u think you are?

any rloctors hel ic~\'fl are m ore patient. and the~ fmjoy in research. And a rloctor with

M there are two main

tyiJeS of person<Jlity -
T\'pe A and T~:pe B. 1)'pc A
talking and being sociable.

Of cou rse, both person<~) i Ly

p~ople arA amhiti~u s.
hardworking Hnd compel!llVP..
Thev are usua ll v in H hurry anrl
tlHlY can be in~patiHnL Type !3
pec;ple Are more relaxed. They
types are eqll.ally VRluablo i_n
soc.;ietv. And each typo lS
suilecl.to different types of jnl1s.
For example. a doctor with
Type B personality w ill d o wHll
Tvpe A personality will do
\,;el l as a surgAon or working in
uccicicnt and Amergency.
VVbich personality typo are
you? Why not tuke the test and
find out!

Tick (.1) one column each time.

Yes No
1
2
lusui11Jy finish <.lass work hcfore rYcryonc else. 0 0
I talk more lhan mos1 people.
3 1am nrarly always h:mlworkin~ <md serious.
4 0 0
5
1get angry if people are late for appoinoncms.
u ']
6
1some times stop listening when people are talking. 0 0
1wn oft en in a lmrry.
7
I D
l have to do physic(]] t>xercise at least fo ur times a wt>ek. rJ []
8
g
l often do two things at onre. likc Willdling TV and doing hornework.
I lee! annoyrd ifl d01J't lvin a game.
u CJ
10 0 CJ
1often interrupt when people are talking.
~1 I start rt>vising lor tests rwo weeks in adYance.
12 0 fl
1 olren feel impatient with other people.
13 L1 J
14
lf I \\'tlntlo gel sometlting done "'rill kno\\' I hare to do iL myselr. 0 ~
Texpect to be the best at ererytlling 1do. [J ~
15 I would die of boredom ifl rrer had ro spend a month
alone on a drscrt island. '-- 0
Score one point for each Yes. Score zero for each No. Scores of 8 and
above are J\ personalit ies. Scores of 7 and below are B personalities.

Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

39
 -

:'I
.1 r ' ~ I
UNIT1 ;-
- " -- rt -.

4 If only ...

Read about three people with regrets. Match sentences 1 to 9 t o th e

correct people.

l wish l' d arrived earlier and been more relaxed.

I wish l hadn't gone so fast down that hill.

Fouad Salim is captain of a footba ll team in

I wish I'd made them train harder.
Baghdad. His team has just lost a big match.

I'd have got t he job if I hadn't been so nervous.

If only I'd seen that hole in the road.

Khadija Nasser has just been to an interview for a job with

an oil company. Unfortunately, she didn't get the job.

If only I hadn't done so badly on the typing test.

Nizar Ibrahim has just crash ed his friend's new

motorbike. It will cost a lot to re pair it.

Use each question to make: a) one sentence with I wish; and b) one third
cond itional sente n ce.
Why did n't I ask Hisham to be in the team?
I wish l'd asked
2 Why didn't I fi nd out more about the Hisham to be in
company before the interview? the team.

3 Why did I ride my friend 's m otorbike?

4 Why didn 't I check the brakes befo re I left home?
5 Why did I forget to tell them about my
previous experience?
We'd have won if ['d asked
6 Why didn't I score that penalty? Hisham to be in the team.

Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

40
 -
Ambitious, energetic staff wanted .
4
Lesson 6
- _ AB 85(~

Read the job advertisement, then complete the applicatio n letter.

TalkTel Europe 's leading mobile phone company is expanding.

We have vacancies for custom er You must h ave:

service staff, based in our new good communication sk1ils,
offices in central London. two A levels or equivalen t.

You must be: We offer a competitive salary and

good at v>'orking in a team. able to wolk
aiOl'e 1i necessary, c<epared to work
evenmgs and weeKends, ambitious and
energetic.
oxcellenl Terms ard cond1tions.
Apply in writing. enclosing a CV and
recent phoTo. to Sandra Foxton, Human
Resources.

Dear Ms Foxton
I saw the
in t.he Times of 23,.; June for customer
service and would like to apply.

As you will see from my enclosed CV, I left school a year ago
with A levels 1n Geography and Media Studies. Since then I
have done a one-year FolUldation ~ in Business Studies.
I am now keen to find a full-time job in an expanding
11 which wm give me opporturut ies for career
development. I am very impressed with TalkTel's reputation.

I have considerable ? _of sales, having worked part-time as a sales

assistant at weekends and in the holidays for the past two years. My current
part-time job is in an electrical goods store. where I have a good record. The
store a Mrs Willis, \vill be happy to confirm t.hls.

Although I do not have any previous experience in customer service, I feel I

have the personal , _ that you are looking for.

I look to hearing from you.

Yours stncerely
Tac));e Llu

Q @ Liste n and check.

o Now do Exercises A and B in the Activity Book.

Lesson 7 ~ AB 87188

41
IT 5
 5
lesson 1
Let's do soine sightseeing
AB 89/ 90

Ma ke compound no uns by matching the wo rds in the two columns.

1 boarding c ard _ _ apartment
2 travel agency
3 five-star ...aro-
4 package deal
5 packed front
6 ski lunch
7 ca r resort
8 self-catering seeing
9 sig ht hotel
10 sea hire

Match som e of the compound wo rds

above t o pictures A- F.

Now do Exe rcise A in the Activity Boo k.

Read t h e dialogue o n the right. Find t he

compo und no un .

No. My travel agency says two

Now d o Exe rcises B and C in the bottles of per f ume are OK.
Activity Book.

44
Have you ever stayed 5
Lesson 2

in a really unusual hotel? AB 90-93

Choose the correct ending for each quiz question .

1 d Have you ever stayed in a really~Sl-lal hotel?

2 Have you ever camped on
3 Have you ever flown in a
4 Have you ever been sightseeing in an
5 Have you ever been cheated
6 Have you ever lost your
7 What's the best holiday destination _
8 What's the strangest food

r a)b) you 've ever eat en abroad?

a
by taxi dliver?
c) helicopter?
- ---:.
d ) in A. rea lly unnsual lietel?
e) you've ever been to?
f) open-top bus?
g) a beach?
h) passport while on holiday?

Take turns asking and answering the quiz questions. Then do Exercise B in
the Activity Book.
Yes, I have. I stayed in the
Have you ever stayed in Four Seasons Hotel in Cairo.
a really unusual hotel? It's unbelievably luxurious.

No, I've never stayed anywhere really unusual.

But I stayed in a really horrible hotel in New York.

Now do Exercise C in the Activity Book.

45
 5
l esson 3
I've been corning here since 2009
AB 93-97

Read the article and answer the questions.

1 How long has Steve Harper been com ing to Iraq?
2 How many times has he visit ed the country?
3 How long have Safar Tours been organizing tours?
4 How long has Steve known Ahm ed?
5 How long has Safar Tours had their office on AI Sa'doon Street?
6 How long has Steve been in Iraq so fa r on th is visit?
7 What has he been doing since finishin g his business?

The Happy Traveller

This week Ahmed Salim is lhe owner and I a rrived here lasl Monday. So I've
Steve Harper manager of Safar Tours. I've known now heen in Iraq for eight days.
tells us about him for three years now, und I can Since T hursday. when I finished
his favourite honestly say that all his tours have my business. I have been going
Iraqi tour most definilely lived up ro my on tours around rhe coumry. f could
compa ny, expecrations. I helVe never been never have achieved so much \.ViLhout
Sa.f ar Tours. disappointed in any way by any of rhe help of Ahmed Salim ar
the tours he has organized for me. Safar Tours. I certainly wouldn't
l've been coming to Iraq on business rve been on trips to the desert, I hesitate 0 recommend this compony
since 2009. In fact. in all l"ve visited have visited the castles in Zakho and to anyone considering an extended
rhis country fiiLeen iimes now and I the Hotra ruins. and been to Babylon stay in Iraq.
still lhoroughly enjoy my trips here. I City three times already. And th<lt's
usually ex1end my stay by a couple of only to nmne a few!
extra days because one of t he things Safar Tours was started by Ahmed's
I Jove do ing here is going o n father. Ibrahim. in 1976. in a little
excursions and doi ng some ofiice in Al Rasheed Street. Over the
sightseeing. Thar"s how I discovered years. the business has grm.vn
Safar Tours. which is one of lraqs considerably and they've moved
longest established travel companies. offices se.veral times. Since last July.
In faCl. Safar Tours have been they have had a very attractive
organizing trips and excursions for modem office on AI Sa'doon Street.
over rhirty years.

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

46
 I

UNIT
I've tried it a few times 5
lesson 4
A8 97-99

~ @ list en t o the dialogue and fill in t he gaps w it h the correct words.

Katie: Hi, Muna. What are you doing with

all those holiday ! _ ?
Muna: Oh, I'm just doing a bit of research
on holiday deals in Thailand. Have you
ever 3 there?
l<atie: Yes. We had a fami ly holiday there
a ~ ~.1 of yea rs ago.
M una: So, which places did you go to?
Katie: Well, we spent a week in Bangkok
to get a flavour of the city life and then
two weeks on the a
in Phuket.
Muna: I'm sure that was beautiful!
Katie: It was amazing! I really enjoyed it.
Well, we all did. There was something
for 5
Muna: We're looking for a
6 deal.
Katie: That's a good way to do it. At least
you know where you're going and what
you're doing. And it often works out
,7 . in the long run . Have
you found one yet?
M una: No, but there are two or three that look really good. Which hotel did you
stay at in Bangkok?
Katie: We stayed at the Golden Palace for t he first two nights. Then we moved
on to the Marriott. The service w as ~ in both of them.
Muna: And what did you think of Thai food?
Katie: Oh, it's delicious. Haven't you ever tried it?

Muna: I had green curry once. I really didn't like it.

Katie: Why not?

Muna: It nearly burnt a hole in my '~

Underline exam ples of t he present perfect in the conversat ion. Circle examples
of t he past simple.

Now do Exercises A to D in t he Activity Book.

47
 5
Lesson 5
We couldn't get a roon1
AB 99- 101
because we hadn't booked
Match the sentence halves.
~

1 h We couldn't get a room a) because I had already been

n
1
'----'
there twice.
2 I couldn't board the plane
3 D She was nervous on the plane b) because I had lost my boarding card.

4 D The airline company gave me a

c) because we'd left our driving
li cences behin d.
new suitcase
5 n I didn't go on the excursion
to Khor AI Zubeir in Basra
d) because min e had been damaged
on the plane.

6 D We complained to the manager e) because ou r room hadn't been cleaned.

7 D We couldn't hi re a car
f) because it had changed so much.

8 D I didn't recognize the place

g) because she hadn't flown before.
h) beca' l:ii we haeJFI't bookert

Match five of the sentences to the pictures.

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

48
The atn1osphere Lesson 6

was really peaceful AB 102- 104

Scan t he t ext about a ho lid ay in Tunisia . Fi nd o ne piece of info rmation about

each of t he fo llowin g:
the journey the food
the hotel the activities

My cousin and I have recently returned from a beach, and we even hired surfboards from the
wonderful fortnight in the Tunisian Kerkennah hotel and learnt to windsurf. We also went for a
Islands. It was a package deal and cost us 180. ride in a donkey cart and toured some villages.
This included the flight from London to Sfax, bus What really impressed me was the hospitality of
transfers to and from Sfax airport and the ferry to the local people. Several islanders invited us into
and from the island. The accommodation was in a their homes for mint tea and cakes. We also took
three-star hotel with breakfast and dinner every the ferry back to the mainland to see the
day. The cost even included entertainment in the magnificent Roman theatre at El Jem. Something
evenings. I couldn't believe how cheap it was! else that we really enjoyed was the free
entertainment in the hotel after supper. One
From Sfax airport, we were taken to the ferry port,
evening a fakir and his team gave an incredible
where we boarded a rather old ferry! It took us
display of lying on a bed of nails and glass,
across to the islands, which looked really beautiful
walking over hot coals, breathing fire and letting
in the evening sun. We were delighted that our
scorpions walk all over their faces! We shall
hotel overlooked the beach and was just a short
certainly never forget that holiday.
walk away. Although not very luxurious, it was a
Anna Johnson, Reading, Berkshire
really pleasant two-storey building that was set in
an attractive garden with its own swimming pool
and tennis courts. Our room had its own private
bathroomand balcony with a spectacular view of
the calm, blue Mediterranean Sea. The atmosphere
was really peaceful- that's what I really liked.
The food was exceptionally good. There was a
self-service buffet in the dining room with a variety
of dishes, both regional and international. You
could eat as much as you wanted! Breakfast
consisted of fruit, cereal, eggs, cakes, bread,
honey, olives and cheese. There was a different
selection of dishes for supper every night and
there was a lot of great seafood. I loved the
octopus, which is a speciality in Kerkennah.
We weren't bored for a moment. One day we hired
a taxi and went on a tour of the island. We saw the
villages where the fishermen catch octopus in clay
pots. Another day we went for a camel ride on the

Now do Exercises A to F in th e Activity Boo k.

49
 5 Beautiful Kerkennah
Lesson 7
AB 105-107

Read these sentences and underline the relative clause in each one .

ERKENNAH
Kerkenn<Jh is 1he narne of <J groL.p of ,sLa nd~ Lhat are sitt.~oted
off the east co as L c'" liJ~1's a.

Tne 1nun two 1sl nnds are Cr1ergu1a1~d Gna1 b1. '.ti/I'Hch are
boLh .rhiJbited.

0 The sl<::nds are reached by a fer>y Lhat operates thrm.ghout

tr,e yea1

0 The most =a;-nous oencn IS Mkare1~ I(! 1ra. vvhere tle wa,er IS
an rncred bLy clear bl~,; e.

0 There arc m;my col.o, riu! fes;::JVaL s, when are a g~eat altracllon
.!:or tour sts.

A Farnol.s son or Kerkennal., vvas Hec1Berkn1o:;sa. wno I.NiJS ckSO

knovvn CIS Ba\ ha. Hen vvno vVcb a worlc.. d.a5S Footoa.ler. died
c.:ur ng a rnalch r' Tf'IS

Kerkennal' is an deal ulace Fc1 tou1 st~ '/vho want a q,11er.

peaceful l"'clday .n beaLI.iful su rro~.ondi; 1gs.

Are these relative clauses defining ( D) or non-defining (ND)?

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Boo k.

Lessons 8 and 9 t;::. AB 1 07-1 17

50
Why are holidays so iinportant? 5
Lesson 10
AB 117/ 118

In groups, discuss the title and picture. What do you think the text will be about?

Skim the t ext and match the headings with the correct parag ra phs.
1 D What stress can do 4 L..- r1me to relax is im portant
2 D A change can do you good 5 D Too b usy to 1eave work
3 [J Time fo r othe rs

D 1\'opl<' like th io; risk llutting

not only tlwir hcalrh bul rheir
jX'l"'nnal rr lacionships wo.
E.Hr,onc IH'('d'> 10 spend rjm c
\\ idl [\mil~ or rriend--. and this
tinw lHTtb ro bt: more than the
nt ca~ion,ll c;n,ttc:l1f'd hour here
ot tlterl. Ptnpk "ho are close
to ll' ncc<1 lO kno'' d1at ,,-c
can: a hour rhl m. Ci\ing them
a si~:1iliL.m1 amounr of our
tinw ;.., !Jm, we: &hm, thi;;;.
Hulid:1~ tillll" can h.;,-e us this
opponunit).

A Today it j, mon impon:mt sleep and our fiec timt> is olkn E Holiday~ art> imponam for
tlwn ncr to tnsttn: drnt \\'1..' tnkc imcrruptcd by pho11e ralk Tl l<' <'\ r ryone . 110t jusL the
l'll<ll q:(h brl':l k-; a11 d holitb\ s. human boch" ran t lO I CO lllillll l" IJ u ~ i n css t nan. \ \'t all nf'ed <t
Li [(: is so Utsl nncl w<' spl'nd. ~t rch like tllis indc:fi n itch. Both l.mti11 t" hang<' of' sc.:etH' and a change
a br).!;<' pan t)ur 1irnc wo1king aud body need a .b reak. Ir ,, <'
()r of' pac<'. \ \ "e need to rela:s: and
hard 1hm \\'l' nalh" tl lTd lO tak( pusll th em wo t~u~ theY \\'i ll t:1kc our minds of'l' work.
..,uflicil>m tirtw o11t. 1r "< unttr. t'\cntuaU\ let 11s clmn1. s< hool. the house or ,dwteYcr
the pre-:~ure of" lifi ran u!len probklll'- arc \\Orr~i ng us at
botlt mu phy-;i< al :~nd mental C There an' more and mon
the tilllt'. h dnt'"sn t maner
health. ,mrkaholic::; rhesc cia,-, ''Ito
"lwthc1 \\C chomc w ;:pend
think rhat their \\ork. i~ tuo
thi.., tinu him!, on a b~ach.
B Thl' ~m..,, or modem JiLL- imporrant to lean iu dw ha11d'
trekking thr~1ugh rainfore.;:ro;; or
'an <..llN sc'H'H' probkrns. h of orhers. The . .c people C<lllllllt
... ighhl c ine,. \ \'lt.n ic; imporram
can <.<llN: hi~h blood pn:,sun~. hear ro he a" a' fio111 thl' ollin
for more [han a f(>,, hour". Thcv
i' th<' ch:lngt' . :\ rhamre of
\\hirh l,llt tlw11 l.llt'' .;tmkt>s wurinC' olttn help' ll' w look
and hc.ll"l attack'. It .1J,o h,l" an pur ofT raking holida,-, or break'
.lt l llll m' 11 li\e ... in a diffcrem
dTt<1 o11 our mm<.k II we an because rhere is a},,~'"" anndwr ''d). H olida~" arc \ira! tO our
<th\01~, 011 llw mmc. \H' don deacUiue or ;mother d~al around ~CIHral ,,ellheing..\nd leming
ah' <t~" notin ho'' liu "e pu~h the corner. The' oftc11 (li..,c.owr the mobile phone "'' irched ofi:
our bodies. \\'e don't em t\'~JUI::tr too late that the;-e- i' nwrt w lifi. Tlwt is \itnlroo!
n1c als. "c dot1'1 gtt <>nouglt than \\ork.

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

51
-
 -

IT 6
 6 What does it all tnean?
lesson 1
AB 119/120

"'@ Listen to Rami and his brother talking. Underline the items on the bank
statement that they talk about.

Bank Statement

-......
~-----

RAMI ADAM Account number: 97823810

Date Transaction Withdrawals Deposits Bahtnce

01/05/13 OPENING BALANCE 260.0)

)5/)5/13 CHEQUE N. ))1 -20.00 180.00

07/05/13 CASH WITHDRAWAL - 30 . 00 150 . 00

10/05/13 DEPOSIT +425.0) 5 75.00

22/15/13 CHEQUE N. 002 -14.75 560 .25

22/15/13 CHEQUE N. 103 -4 5. 80 514.45

22/05/13 CHEQUE N. 004 -23.05 491.40

28/15/13 CASH WITHDRAWAL -se.ee 441.40

31/05/13 TOTAL - 183.6El +425 .El0 441 . 40

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

54
Which account should I get? lesson 2
AB 121- 124

Read the info rmation about the bank accounts. Use the glossary in the middle
of the page to help you. The n do Exercise A in the Activity Book.

CCB Children's account CCB Savings account

' J"nr hi:Jrcr. l I Hll 1- I r~e .-\T~I ' 1
Sr;t{\ >.llir.~ 1-L,r ~our nm ft'
:\ ll nh1~ b:~nl,. ,r;Hlllrrm~

CCB CtU'!ent account CCB University student account

FnL Lht:,lllt' hnol. lrce cheque hnnk
Frl'l -\T~l.-:1ru
l'ret -\'"L\ f , sd
"\ lnrnhl_\ hank '!lt~menr- .\It.mh.l~, i:uuk ~r .H<:Jnt:IIL'
), lilllmmu h:1b11, c 20,\IV lr"(li :'\0 m.it:imurn b.,Ja.n.:t
,{ !l.u, nr will p.t~ rcc oT iO.Oi.lO
:;o off ,rcdn .:.ml 1c~
lrqr dinars. per n'l)l.tl
01'lrdra.fr t~1t:ilirk,'

Glossary
Overdraft facilities: ability to use more mon ey t han you have in you r account
at th e moment.
Minimum balance: smallest a mount of money you can have in you r account
without paying bank charges.
ATM (Automated Teller Machine): a machine you can withd raw cash from.
Credit card fee: money you pay the bank every year if you have a credit card.

~ @ Listen to t he conversa tion between the girl and a b a nker and tick the
things they talk about.
1 savings account 6 D minimum balance
2 u current account 7 D bank statements
3 D a student account 8 I credit card
4 D a cheq ue book 9 D ATM card
5 D overdraft facilities 10 D bank branches
What kind of account does t he girl decide to get?

Now do Exe rcises B to E in the Activity Book.

55
 6
lesson 3
Meet a banker
AB 124-127

Skim the text. What is t he main topic? Choose the best description.
1 0 The amount of money bankers make.
2 0 What you must study at school to become a ba nker.
3 L What a banker's job is like.

Another of my main responsibilities work wi th l1 company that makes

l've been a bnnker for twenty years
and I love my job. \iVhat makes it
particularly interesting is the
variety. 1 have ro do many different
things and use a number of
different skills. N o two days are
ever the same. l\1osr importantly,
we bavc to convince people to use
the bank, and one way to do this is
to offer new services. For example,
we can attract studenrs by offering
special student accounts if the bank
is close to a universi) e>r college.
VVe also advise people on the most
suitable: accounts for their needs.
is to decide whether or not to give
people or businesses loans. T his is
one way the bank uses the money
people pur into their accow1ts. The
money doesn't simply sit there but is
used to make more money. l\hny
people need loans for a special
project sucb as buying a car or a
house. \Ve also lend money to
people who want to starr their own
businesses. It is often up to me to
decide whether the business is a
good idea or not, and sometimes I
must make suggestions to improve
their plans. For e.xample, if a man
""(lilts to open a bookshop on a street
that already has several bookshops. l
might suggest th at he opens it on
another street where he cu1 get
more customers. Unfortunately, I
cannot always approve a loan. Tl1is is
a difhcult parr of my job as I do not
like ro di~-appoinr my clients.
Some bankers work mostlv with
large companies, while otbers have
more to do with small businesses
and individuals. Both ty pes of
banking can be enjoyable. Banks
t hat work with large companies c.an
help them improve and extend
their businesses. This can be very
interesting and e..-xciting, as you have
to be quite knowledgeable abo ut
manY different subjects. l f you
chemical products, for example,
you h;\Ve to understand bow the
products are made and used. My
main work is with individuals ~md
small businesses. What 1
particularly enjoy ahout this is that
J mecr a range of different people.
lt is also very satisfying to be able
to help them with their problems
and rnake a d ifference in thei r lives.
Being a banker requires rna ny
different skills. To begjn witl1, you
have tO be good at Marhs and able
co read and understand graphs and
charts qu ickly. Another important
skill is being able to work with
other experts who can give yo u
impommt information. \Nhen a
client wants <t loan to buy a hou~e,
for C..'\-amplc, 1 need to kn<>'" about
the value and strucmre of the house
cltld what sort of neighbourhood ir
is .in. A specialist can give IJ',e this
information. Finally, a banker
needs to be a good con1municator.
Your clients need information
about many differen t things, some
of them quite complex. They need
a banker who can explain these
things clearly and who enjoys
helping them.
tfimt: person or organization who makes
use of >l profes,;ional. o:.g., a banker, or a
company, e.g., a hank.

Now do Exercises A to E in the Activity Book.

56
Problellls lesson 4
AB 127- 130

What kinds of problems are these people having? Q @ Listen to the

conversations and match them with the pictures.

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

57
 -

l esson 5
The big day
AB 131/ 132

Read the e-mail and do Exercise A in the Activity Book. Then use the
context to help you match the words in bold with these pictures.

CURRENT CURRENCY RATES

COUNTRY CURRENCY
-=- - liir~:r .: IRA EUR 1.98

----
..... - -' IRA SWE

---u
-- .+ IRA SWI
IRA CYP
IRA JAP
12.9
0.28
198.
8.99

o ~'--

I
:
Dear Mazen,

Guess what? Tomorrow is t he big day! My plane leaves for London at 3.00, and soon I'll be able to see all the sights
we read abou t in the guidebook.

I've already packed my suitcase. I bought some new clothes and a couple more guidebooks. I t ried not to pack too
much but it's pretty heavy. Once I get to England, I'll have to take a tax1. There's no way I can carry it all on the
Underground! I wonder how much you tip taxi drivers in England?

Last Monday I went to the bank and got some trav el ler's cheque s for my trip. They're great because t hey're safer
than cash. I signed the cheques in one place at the bank, and when I want to buy something in London, I have to sign
the cheque again in front of the cashier. That way, nobody else can use them.

My banker told me I should also get some local currency, because not all places take traveller's cheques. I'll take my credit
card too. That's accepted internationally, but I can't really use it to tip the taxi driver or travel round by bus or Underground!
So I will definitely need some cash in my pocket. As you probably know, many countries in Europe use the Euro, but in the UK
people use pounds . Do you know the exchange rate between Iraqi dinars and pounds? 1,000 Iraqi dinars is almost 0.57
pounds. My father told me everything in London is expensive, so I'Uhave to be careful what I spend.

I'll bring you back a souvenir. Let me know if there's anything particular you'd like me to get you. And keep in touch.
There's an Internet cafe next to my hotel, so I can check my e-mail whenever I want.

See you in ten days. -I-,,,

Hazem ....
1-
/1'

With a partner, match the curre ncies and their names.

US dollar Japanese yen Australian d ollar Chinese yuan Indian rupee

euro Iraqi dinar Syrian pound Saudi riyal Pakistani rupee

Now do Exercises B to E in the Activity Book.

58
A car loan 6
Lesson 6
AB 133/ 134

g @ Read and listen to the conversation. ~

Ahlam: Wow! Is that your car?
Nour: Yes! Nice, isn't it? I bought it
yesterday. Do you want to go for a
drive? We could go to the beach.
Ahfam: Sure, that's a great idea. I'd
love a car like this one . How did you
pay for it?
Nour: I got a ca r loan.
Ahlam: That's a good idea. Maybe I
should do that. If I got a car loan,
would I have to make a big down
payment?
Nour: No. I didn't pay any money in advance at all. I just have to pay a certain amount
every month.
Ahlam: That's even better! But the monthly instalments must be pretty high. What
are they?
Nour: About 2 million Iraqi dinars. It wasn't that expensive, because it isn't a new car.
Ahlam: It looks new!
Nour: The owner took really good care of it. It's actually three years old .
Ahlam: How long do you have to pay it back?
Nour: Five years.
Ahlam: That's a long time. Won't it cost you a lot in in terest?

Nour: Yeah. But it's worth it. This sort of car is a real investment. It won't lose money.
In fact, it may even go up in va lue.
A/1/am: Well, I suppose it's more enjoyable than putting your money in the bank and
waiting for it to earn interest! Maybe I should make an investment like this.
Nour: Here we are. The beach. Do you think I can fit into that parking space?
Ahlam: Sure. Uh, no, maybe not. (Sound of crash) Oh, no. I think one of your lights
is broken.
Nour: Luckily, the loan also includes free car insurance!

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

59
'
UNIT
6
Lesson 7
Letters
AB 135-137

Read t he letters. Which is a letter of thanks? Wh ich is an answer to a request

for information?

Home Savings Bank

11 11 i) 4759375

16 April. 201 3

Dear Mr Nasir,
Thank you tor your letter of 1oApril, 2013. Please find enclosed the information you requested about
our accounts.
I am happy to inform you that all our services are available online. Passwords are sent to clients three
days after opening an account. We also provide a 24-hour telephone banking service.

Please contact me again if you need any more information.

Yours sincerely,
FA-d i M~lotAt

-
.1.""'

oet;l '-'it;O,...et;,

~a reed

Now d o Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

lessons 8 and 9 ~ AB 138- 1 4~

60

Making Inoney
Read t he title of t he text . In pairs, t a lk about what po ints you think m ight
be mentioned in t he text.
Now read the first sentence of each paragraph and check your ideas.
Making more
- - from your money
Saving for the future is
something that is instilled in us
from an early age. As children,
we learn not to spend all our
pocket money at once but to
put some aside to buy
something bigger later on.
When we start work. we are
encouraged to put money imo
pension plans to save for our
retirement so that we can
continue to enjoy a good
standard of living when we
are older.
There are many ways in
which we can make our
money work for us. Banks
inforM us of different types of
savings accounts, with more
or less interest the longer we
leave our money with them.
Sorte savings accounts suit
regular savers, otllers are
rnore appropriate for those of
us who wish to invest a fixed
sum. Savings accounts
benefit people who do not
need to access this money,
and H' we can forget it is there,
so much the better!
Now do Exercises A to D in t he Activity Book.
Financially-minded people
who follow the markets invest
in stocks and shares. For
many. this can be both a
hobby and a way of making a
lm of money. It's a risky
business, however, and there
are no guarantees. The major
players in this game are the
specialists. You can certainly
lose a lot of money as well as
gain it, and it is not the answer
for people who need a fixed
sum at the end of their
investment period.
Money can also be made
through investing in property.
Spending a lot of money to
begin with can bring significant
profit if the property is sold on
ar a later date lfl.lhen property
prices have increased. Once
again, there is no guarantee
that you will make a pmfit or
even break even, but generally
speaking, money invested in
property is safe in the long
term . It is this type of
investment that is becoming
more and more popular in the
-
l esson 10
AB 145/146
UK at the moment. People are
beginning to see the value of
buying up property to rent out.
The rent pays the instalments
on the loan or mortgage, and
then when the investor needs
the money he or she can sell
up and realize the profit. Tl1is is
particularly popular with
people who inherit an amount
ot money who want to do
more with the money than let it
sit in a savings account.
However people choose to
invest their money, whether it
is in savings accounts. pension
plans, stocks and shares or
property, etc., it is more
sensible than keeping it in a
box under the bed as our
grandparents often used to do!
And although some young
people cannot see the value in
saving for their old age when
they are still in their twenties,
there are a lot of retired people
today who wish they had done
more with their money when
they were younger.
61
 What can I study?

Discuss the following three questions with a partner. Use the pictures to prompt
your discussion .

1 Why do people study after they've left school?

2 What can people learn when they've left school?
3 Where do they learn?

llill Write your ideas in the Activity Book, Exercise A.

lilt Read what these people are saying and add more information to your lists.

[ can't find a I'm enrolled on I want to take rm a scientist. r'monmyway

job t hat really a language a summer class. [attend to register for
int erests me. course because l sent my conferences a computer
I think I need to I love to travel. application once or twice workshop. I need
learn new skills yesterday but a year to hear more practice
to enhance my r'm worried I about what with computer
chances of won't be other scientists software so [
getting a good admitted. are doing. can be more
job. efficient at work

Ill! Now do Exercises Band C in the Activity Book.

64
A language school 7

Read the brochure. Does it give you the inform ation you need to choose a course?

Now do Exercise A in the Activity Book.

SPEAKWELL
LAN G u AG E S C H 0 0 L Improve your language skills

Why take our classes? \e can help you:

prepare for language exams
improve your job prospects
learn about othe r cultures

We offer:
A rabic, English, Spanish, French, Chinese
smaiJ classes (10 students maximum)
CDs, D VDs and a computer room
intensive exam preparation for quick results

To enrol:
pla~eme_n r rests are m anda tory ro help us ~elccl the righr level for you
reg1srer 1n person or online at rhc end of each momh
course fees: half a million Iraqi dinars for 28 hours (classes meet twice a week)

Complete the rules.

future continuous goi ng to future simple present continuous present si mple

Use the _ __ for fi xed arrangements.

I'm meeting Hasan at 7. 00.
Use the ___ __ fo r a fi xed time in the future where the
focus is on the action.
At 7. 00 I'll be sitting in my English class!
_ for sched ules.
The class starts at 6.00.
Use _ _ + infinitive for plans and intent ions.
I'm going to work on my English a lot th_is year.
Use for predictions.
I'll get a better job more quickly.

Now do Exercises B and C in the Activity Book.

65
 - lesson 3
7 ln1prove your computer skills
".: AB"151- 153 ,
-....... ~ - ili

Discuss in pairs the kind of computer skills you fee l it is important to learn.

Read the a rticl e be low and see w h ich co mput e r skills are m e ntioned.

Now do Exe rcises A and B in the Activity Book.

Work Today
There are many ways in which
you can improve your job
prospects. One of thef't1 is to
take computer classes.
Computers are used 1n more
and more bus1nesses. and most
j obseekers should be familiar
with bas1c computer programs.
Learn1ng new computer skills
can also help you change
careers, and the number of
people enrolling in computer
classes is incmasing.
Depending on the class they
choose, students can learn
basic or more advanced
computer skills. Classes that
teach the use of spreadsheets
are popular, since spreadsheets
are used in many businesses to
show Information in tabte form.
For example spreadsheets are
very often used to show financial
information. Photographers and
artists may want to take classes
in d1gital graphic design.
People with these skills can help
create illustrations for publishers
or advertising agencies. or work
ir telev1sion. Classes 1n web
design , 'J1.th1ch teach how to
create and Ma1nta1n a company
website, are becom1ng more
and more popular.
1/1/hile computer classes are a
part of many university
programmes, you don't have to
be a student to take a computer
class. Many universities offer
continuing education classes
that you can take in the evening.
There are also an Increasing
number of online classes that
you can take from home - he
advantage of these classes IS very good. Rnally. if you are very
that you can study whenever self-disciplined. and can work
you v.ram. If you decide to take a w1thout a teacher. you can buy a
Class online. Make sure you get book about computers and
tniormation about the site that is teach yourself, but explanations
offering the class. Some are can somettmes be quite
excelleni and can help you get a complex and need practical
better job, but others are not demonstration.

11111 Now d o Exe rcises C to E in the Activity Book.

66
Sullliner courses

Read the catalogue to find the answers to Exercise A in your Activity Book.

Course catalogue: summer courses

We offer a wide range of courses for people who want to change jobs. get a better job or
study for pleasure. To enrol, please complete the application form at the end of the catalogue.
Computers: Basic web design
Venue: online Oates: 7 May to 10 October
This is for people w ith no prior know ledge of w eb design.
Learn techniques for creating simple websites.
English: English for work
Venue. university campus Dares and times: 15 July to
1 August Tue. & Thurs. 5.0D-7. 00
This course is for people with a good level of English
who w ant w learn vocabulary they can use at work.
English: Protecting our environment
Venue: university campus Dates and times: 23 & 24 June
9.00-5.00
A two-day course designed for people who work in the
petrol or gas industries. learn about new technologies for
protecting our environment.
English: Secretarial skills
Venue university campus Dares and rimes: 1 June to 30 June
Sunday to Thursday 9.00-12. 00
Improve your typing and your know ledge of computer
programs such as W ord. Excel and PowerPoint. A good way
to enhance your job prospects.

Study these two sentences from the listening:

I thought I would study history and become a teacher.
Next, I think I will study business.
Think about Nisrin's attitude to the future in the two sentences. She talks in
one about what her views on the fu ture used to be and in the other about
her current views on the future .

Gil When w e talk about the future from the point of view of the past, we
use the past form of verbs that we usually use to talk about the future.
I will study ... becomes I would study ...
I am going to study ... becomes I was going to study ...
I am studying .. . becomes I was studying ...

Now do Exercises B to D in the Activity Book.

67
 Volunteers at the
Children's Hospital
11111 Discu ss the foll owing questions in pairs:
What is a volunteer? Why do people volunteer?
How can you find volunteer work? What can you learn from volunteering?

IDt Read the three paragraphs a nd ma ke notes in Exe rcise A in the Act ivity Book.

5at ool
lh~f"~ hav~ b~~n a lot of natcx-a\ disast~f";s In th~ \a:st f~w j~af"s, and th~j Mad~ M~ f'aaliz.~ I wanted to
do soM~thi~ that would halp oth~f' peep\~. I dac.idad t han that I was joi~ to bac.oMa a volontaaf',
wof'ki~ fof' an o~aniz.ation without bai~ paid. I \oo~d at Intef"n~t sit~;s to j~t infof'Mation about
volunt~af' oppodunities. I saw that th~ C.hildf'an';s Hospital naaded vo\unt~~f"s fof' Ma~ diffaf'~nt jobs,
:suc.h as plaj~ with th~ c.hildf'an, jvi~ patiants dif'ac.tions and '!j'i~ l~tt~f"s. I'M a libf'af'ian, so I
dec.idad to vo\untaaf' to wOf'k in the hospital libf'af'_j I o~aniz.a tha Madic.al books and M~az.inas that
the doc. to\'"s and nuf':>a:s \'"aad. I also :supei'"Vi:sa jou~ vo\ontaaf's, :so I now have Man~eMent :skills as wall
as \ibf'af'j :skilb. \his exp~f"i~nc.~ has helped Me jet a job wit h MOf'e f'asponsibi\itles.

LCAj\Q
I' rn i6 ~eor~ o ld G\(\d 2. '"" ~rG\I~UG\t.'IC\~ '" i:.\-.e ,;?,-'"':) "I t.'r:,d; 2. l"'i~\-J:. wa(\t t.o be G\

<'.ur~e 1 'out "I '"" "ot ~ur-e, "I'"" vo\u"'t.ee..-\"Cj ai:. \:.1--.e C.\-,;ld re" ~ 1-\o?\to\ to \"e\? ""e
dec...ide ;J;' worf',\"'j '" o Y.o~?itol \ i:.\-.e ri~H:. job S:or ""e . I ..Joe-~ o .:=-our-\,our ~\--.;rt. 1
a",;...::.e..-\"':) t \-,e ?l"o.-..e o"d cj, v," Cj ;.-..f or....-.oJ..'.o"' t.o ?o.t:,e.-..i:..; a.-..C. their ?o.r e"t.. HltnoU'jh
.I. C.o"'i:. do -.01--.ol:. .-..u,-~e~ do; ~ ...:.or !<\ with i:.hern o lot. a .-..d to.\~ t o t \"e '"' obout their-

v\o'o. H<; a re~u1.t./ ~ '"" o.eH,,-..o,

J J
o. ver-l..f c..ood \deo of ...:.\-.at. a .-..ur~e ' ~ do-t ,~ \i ~e. "I
<..) ,; <.)

rec,\\~P e"'\oc> "",_. \ob o..-..d "I've "'e~de a \o t o S: "'ew f,-;e"(l~ ; l:.oo. II' a.-..so.-..e wo.f\t
<.) V d <JV / 0
t o do vd u"teer wor~ ; 2. adv,.;e +.ne"" t o c...o"-l:.ac...l:. a c...ho.r',t;j 1:.\-,e~ ore \"tere~i:.ed
,('1 ll??Orti" 'j

Ibrahim
V'.lhen l sta...fed voiLAnteering a-/ tJ.e hospital, I spent a Ia+ of t ime wit!. the children. Being ill is
never fLAn, bLAt children can ge-l- scared when -/hey are in a hospital and I wanted +o rr.a.ke +J.-.em
feel better. I went to visit tJ,em in their rooms and played witJ, tl.ern and read +!.ern stories.
Af+er t hat, I go+ a different vo~L.Anteer Job vvriting articles in tl.e hospit al ne~Vsletter. The t~vo
Jobs are very different. To IVOrk wit!. cl.ildren, you !.ave to e~oy working IVJth people, 1vhereas
to write articles yoLA have +o be able to 1vork on your O\Vn. I miSS 1vorking with tl.e Children, but
1VOrkin9 on the newsletter !.as +aught me a lo+ of ne.v skills.

o Now do Exercises B to E in the Activity Book.

68
 II _ I

I 1,. , I I I ' ~ I
l1 I 1

.~:; ,UNIT

Learning experiences 7

~@ Listen to five people talking about their learning experiences. Find the
name of each speaker.

ca Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

69
 I l1
I I II
I I"' I .~

' ' UNIT

~
''

7 Books and the Internet

Read ab out essays t hat express opi nions in Exercise A in t he Activity Book.
What d o you say in the body of the essay?

A On the whole, I think. that the Inter-net i;s ver-j u;setul it jou want to jet jener-a\
intor-mation about a topic.. lSut it jou r-eal~ want to \ear-n, a book. is better-.

13 Unlike the author-;s o.f websites, the author-;s o.f book.;s ar-e ea;sj to identitj It
i;s ther-efor-e eaosief" to decide it a book. i;s r-eliable. 13ook.;s abo j ve jou mor-e
in- dept h intor-mation than the Inter-net becau;se thej ar-e lo':5ef" than t he texts
on most web;sites. In addition to havi':5 mor-e content, jou can r-ead a book.
wher-ever- jou ar-e. Altho~ u;si':5 the Inter-net is convenient, it is bec.omi':5 easier-
to jet book.;s without leavi~jour- home bj or-der-i~ them online.

C With the ar-r-iva\ o.f the Inter-Mt, some people tho~ht we would not need book.;s
a~ lo~er-, but people ar-e still b~':5 book.s and bor-r-owi':5 book.s .from the
libr-ar-j in jf"eat number-s. I n thi;s es;saj I will look. at ;some o.f the advant~e;s
and disadvanta3s o.f usi':5 the Inter-net and buj~ book.s.

t> One ot the main advantajes o.f the Inter-net is that it is convenient. You do not
need to jo to the book.shop or the librar-j. I.f jou have an Inter-net connection,
jou can jet intor-mation from home at a~ time. \he Inter-net lets jou jet
infor-mation .from a lot o.f ditter-ent sources, tor in;stanc.e, .fr-om adides, .fr-om
explanations in an online enc.jdopedia, or even .fr-om c.hatti':5 with other- people
about a sut:jec.t that interests jou. Once jou have an Inter-net c.onnec.tion it i;s
also cheaper- than b~i~ book.s. However-, the ditter-ent sour-ces o.f infor-mation
ar-e not alwajs r-eliable. People can wr-ite whatever- th~ want on their- website,
and it is not a\wajs tr-ue.

IIIIi Now do Exercises B to E in the Activity Book.

Lessons 8 and 9 ~ AB 163- 169

70
 -
Using the library 7
Lesson 10
AB 170/ 171

Read the text and choose the best title.

a) HOW TO PASS YOUR EXAMS
b) A NEW CAREER
c) WORKING IN A BANK

Read one paragraph and th en explain the content in your own words.

When I lett school, I started working for a bank. I gave people information about their
accounts and cashed cheques. I enjoyed it for a while, but then I decided it wasn't what I
wanted to do for the rest of my Hfe. I had this idea that I would quite like a job which involved
travelling. However, I didn't know what sorts of jobs there were or what I needed to study.
So I started coming to the Central Library of Baghdad regularly to look for information that
might help me. I was astounded by the help that is available to people like me.
The library has a range of information for learn another language, too. In addition to
people who are looking for the right career. information about the classes, the library
Firstly, there's a whole section of books also has a lot of its own materials to help me
about different careers. They describe the do this. It has books in English, and also lets
various jobs and also tell you what skills or you borrow DVDs with language-learning
qualifications you need to do them. I've been games and exercises. They have information
taking a different book out each week. It's about language tests, and practice books to
really interesting. A lot of the time we only help prepare for examinations if you need
think about the jobs that we often hear the qualifications.
about, but there are so many unusual jobs
around. And with new technology, new jobs Another important section at the library is
are appearing all the time. There are also its daily selection of newspapers and
books with advice on how to find job magazines. I look through these to find job
vacancies and also how to prepare for and offers because it's good to know what jobs
get through interviews. I've learnt a lot about are available. I also look at interesting job
how important body language is in an sites on the Internet. The librarians have told
interview and also how to look businesslike. me how to get information about companies.
They explain how to write a good CV too, I can find out where they are, what they do
which is really important. and how big they are. This will be useful
information when I decide to apply for a new
If I need to learn new things or take extra job. I'm sure all this research will pay off and
qualifications, I can get information about that one day I will have my dream job. And it
classes at the library. too. They have some will all be thanks to the library.
school and college catalogues, and there are
computers where I can look for information
about evening and summer classes. I hadn't
realized there were so many different things
I could study! Since I want to travel , I'm sure
I'll need better language skills, so I definitely
need to improve my English , and maybe

Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

71
 UNITS
1
I' ,11111 ,, I,II I

II
"'
 -

Lesson 1
Our natural resources
AB 172/ 173

Look at the pictures. Which are n atural resources?

water petrol soda fish trees

With a partner, discuss the foll owing:

1 What other natu ral resources can you think of?
2 What do we use them for?
3 What problems are caused by the way we use some of them?

Skim-read the texts and match each paragraph to the most appropriate photograph.

[ID Natural resources are materials that are found in nature. Air, water, land and trees are all natural
resources, as are petrol and gas. We use natural resources in hundreds of different ways. For example,
we use land to grow food and water to drink. We use petrol and gas for energy. Because they are so
essential to human life, natural resources must be used wisely.

~ Some natural resources are renewable. This means that they do not disappear completely when they
are used, or that they can replace themselves as quickly as they are used . Trees are a renewable
resource because more trees can be planted and grow. Some resources, however, are nonrenewable.
These cannot replace themselves as quickly as they are used. Petrol is considered a nonrenewable
resource because it takes thousands of years to form. We know that nonrenewable resources must be
used as efficiently as possible, and we must concentrate on developing other methods of using
renewable resources, such as energy from the sun.

Sometimes, the way we use natural resources can harm the environment. Coal and petrol cause greenhouse
gases that contribute to global warming. Another potentially disastrous activity is that large numbers of trees
are cut down by farmers or logging companies, and new ones cannot grow fast enough to replace them.
This process is called deforestation, and endangers the habitats of other plants and many animals.
Destruction of the previously plentiful rainforests is particularly worrying, as these trees are the source of
much of the world's oxygen. Fortunately, scientists are finding ways to limit damage to the environment
when these resources are used, but a lot of work still needs to be done.

Now do Exercises A to D in the Activity Book.

74
 Recycling waste 8
Lesson 2
AB 174

l ook at the pictures. What do these products have in common?

Read the text and check your predictions.

Dealing with waste Is a major problem in most
countries. Stot1stics show that each person in
industrial countries throws away on overage of two
kilograms of waste each day. That's 14 kg a week,
or more than 700 kg a year! This waste is often
burnt or buried under the earth. These methods
boTh cause pollut1on. Streams and rivers and even
me sea con be polluted by buried waste.
One solution is to encourage people to recycle
their waste. A simple method Is to give each
home different-coloured plastic bogs in which to
place their waste. In some cities they use
green bogs for paper (envelopes, newspapers,
wriTing paper and so on). yellow for plastic
(plastic bottles. p laStiC bogs, etc.), blue for gloss
and brown for biolog1col waste (food and
garden waste)
Today, more and m01e people ore recycling their
waste. In some countnes, more than 50% of
waste is recycled. Gloss. paper and plastic con
all be used again. both saving money and
help1ng to protect the environment.

Do Exercise A in the Activity Book. g @ Then listen to a description of how

waste can be recycled. Complete the flow chart with words from t he box.

( co ll ect cl ean use take place separate )

-
Waste is sorted at home.
.

ifferen t bags.
J e llis 2

by a refuse lorry.

{>.
It is ~ It is to
L
l itis
in special machines. into different types.
3
a waste treatment plant.

{>.
Glass, paper and plastic are
J
l. . ._(l_'__, . . . . .- again.
I IIIII!

Now do Exercises B and C in the Activity Book.

75
 Lesson 3
A renewable resource
AB 174-176

Look at the pictures. Then, with

a partner, discuss the advantages
and disadvantages of wind power.

Scan the article and the letter.

Find one advantage mentioned in
the article and one disadvantage
mentioned in the letter.

T he wind is a namral resource that people have been
using for thousands of years. People have used it ro
power sailing boats all over the world, and it was used
in Europe for a long time ro grind corn imo flour for
bread. Now we have developed ways to usc H ro
provide electricity for many other purposes.
T he main advamage of wind power is that it is clean
energy. \Xlind power doesn't produce any waste or
greenhouse gases. Another advamage is that it is
renewable.. W ind is caused by changing temperatures
in the air, and it will never run out. f inally, wind
pO\ver is eff-Icient. Because wind turbines are quite
rail, the land under the mrbines can still be used
for agriculture.
W 'ind power does have some disadvantages, however.
People who live near the turbines find rhem
unattractive, and chink they spoil the landscape. T he
turbines are also said to be quite noisy, although ir is
quire possible that new technologies m<~y make them
guierer in rhe future. There is also a lot of expense
involved in installing and maintaining the: wind
turbines. Finally, vvind turbines cannot supply all of
our energy needs, so we will always have to rely on
addi tional sources of energy.

,I
I! Dear sir/madam,

I am writing about the government's plan to build a wind farm off the coast. I think this plan is
ridiculous. Wind turbines are incredibly ugly and really noisy, and I can understand why people
don 't want them on land. But that is no reason to put them in the sea! People who live on the
coast want a view of the ocean, not of a wind farm. Some scientists say wind power is clean
energy and is good for the environment, but it's certainly not good for the birds! Hundreds of
them fly into wind turbines and die every year. They're also bad for fishing. They scare away the
fish. I am a fisherman with a small boat and I can't go into very deep waters to catch fish. If this
wind farm project is completed, I won't be able to earn a living any more and I won't be t he only
one. Finally, I've heard that wind turbines might interfere with the radars on boats. If that's true,
the turbines could cause dangerous accidents at sea. Surely this project can't go ahead!

An angry reader. 1-
....
v
1-
~

Now do Exercises A to E in the Activity Book.

76
 Careers connected lesson 4

with the environn1ent AB 177- 178

Match the jobs with the illustrations.

1 D health, safety and environment manager
2 D recycling coordinator
3 D water quality planner
4 D park ranger

Match the jobs above to t he job description s.

D Monitors the quality of the water. Investigates pollution

problems and looks for solutions.

D Makes sure a factory is following regulations to keep people

and the environment healthy.

U Encourages people to sort their rubbish. Gives people

information about where to put glass, plastic and paper
products.

D Collects information about animals in their natural habitat.

Enforces laws for protecting them.

g @ listen and ch eck your answers.

Now do Exercises A to C in the Activity Book.

Lessons 5 and 6 1i:> AB 1 78-185

77
 Lesson 7
The Euphrates River
AB 185

Loo k at t he p hot os. What do you thi nk the article w ill be about ?

Read t he art icle a nd write a heading for each section.

The Euphrates River, which is 2,800 km long, is the longest river in the Middle East. It
begins in the Caucasus Mountains, and flows through Turkey, Syria and Iraq. The upper
part of the river runs through steep gorges and cannot be used for navigation. The lower
part of the river is quite shallow, so only smaller boats can use that. In southern Iraq,
the river joins with the Tigris River to form the Shatt ai-Arab, which then flows into the
Arabian Gu lf.

The area between the Euphrates River and the Tigris River, in what is now Iraq, was the
birthplace of some of the earliest civilizations in the world. At that time, the river was used
for transport, and some of the most famous ancient cities were built on the banks of the
Euphrates. The ruins of ancient Babylon can still be seen near the river. Today we can see
some important modern cities, such as An Najaf in Iraq, along the banks of the river.

The river is an important natural resource for the region. All three countries have dams
on the river. The Euphrates dam in Syria forms a reservoir that is used for irrigating
cotton crops. It also has a hydroelectric power plant, which uses the water to operate
turbines that generate electricity. This plant is extremely important, as it supplies a
large percentage of Syria's electricity. In Tu rkey, the Ataturk Dam is the largest of a
series of twenty-two dams that are planned on the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. In
addition to providing hydroelectric power, it provides irrigation for crops such as cotton,
wheat, barley and lentils. The dam has created a lake that is also used for sailing and
other water sports, and it holds a famous water sports festival every year.

Now d o Exe rcises A to C in the Activity Book.

78
Grallllllar and Functions Reference

Use
UNIT 1 d) Sami worked very late last night. (We ore talking about one
occasion wl~en 5omi worked late.)
b) Fuad used to work late. (Fuad worked lore foro white,
Past simple an d past continuous (page 7) but /1e doesn't work /ole now.)
Form

Form Example
Affirmative infinitive+ ed He worked late
last night.
Negative didn't+ infinitive They didn' t go to
the pharmacy. To say it is necessary
Ques tion did+ subject+ Infinitive Did you sleep well?
to do something (page 77)
Use the past simple to talk ilbout finished actions or srtuations Use must, need to or hove lo +infinitive. To make a que~tion
in the pasc wrth muse, put must before the subject.
Example: Must you leave so soon?
Form I Example I
Affirmative was/ were+ verb+ ing I At 8 o'clock, I was I To make a question with /lave to, use do/did ... subjec t +
havmg dinner. I hove to+ infinitive.
Negative wasn 't/weren't+ She wasn't watchir1g Example: Do you have to b~ 18 to gel a driver"s licence?
verb + ing the film so I turned off
the television.
Queslior1 was/were + subject WNe yo u studying To say it is important NOT to do something
+verb + ing when I ca lled? (page 17)
Use mustn't + infini tive.
Use the past continuous to talk about an action that w as taking
Example: You mustn't drive so fast when the roads are wet.
place at a spec11ic Lime in the past, or was Interrupted by
another acrion.

Use To say it isn't necessary to do

a) I had dinner with Ali last night. (finished action) something (page 17)
b) At 7 o'clock last night I was dorng homework.
Use don't have to -'- infinitive or needn 'I + infinitive.
(action that was taking place ol o spC?cific timej
Examples:
n) They drove to the hospital immediately. (finished action) You clon 'L have to wash the ca r today. It looks very clean.
bl I was rlrrving to the hospital when rny mobile phone rang. Abla needn' t go to the supermarket today because
(OClion that was interrupted by another action) Dana went yesterday.

Past simple and used to (page 11) Giving advice (page 18)
Form Form
Use should! shouldn't to give <tnd asl< for advice.
Form Example
Affirmative used to+ infinitive We used to live in Form Exam ole
Kirku k, but now we Affirmative should+ infinitive You should pu t air in
live in London. your tyres. They look
Negative didn't use to + inFinitive He didn't use to lrke a bit flat.
Chinese food, but now Negative shouldn't ... infinitive You shouldn't stay up
he loves it. so late. You have to
Question did.._ subject + vse 10 Did you use to play get up early in the
+ infinitive football when you morning.
were a child? Question should + subject Should I buy the red
- infinitive bicycle or the blue one?
Use used to+ infinitive to talk about situations and repealed
ac tions in the past that are no longer true or no longer happen.

79
 Making polite requests (page 18)
Use these expressions to make polite requests:
UNIT3
Would you+ infinitive ... ?
Could you+ infin itive ... ? Conditional sentences (page 27)
Can you + infinit ive ...?
There 11re fou r main co ndi tional structures in English: the zero
May I + infini tive ...7
conditional, t he f irst conditional, the second condi t ional and
Examples:
the t hird condi t ional.
Would you get me a drink of water?
Could you show me you r passport? Condit ional structu res have two clauses: t he if clause, and the
Ca n you open your su itcase, please? main clause. The if clause can be placed at th e beginn ing or
May I see your tickets, please? the end of the sentence. If it comes first, it should be separated
f rom the main clau se by a co mma.

Form
Making suggestions (page 18)
if clause Main clause
Use these expressions to make suggestions:
Zero conditional present simple p resent simple
Sholl we+ infinitive ...?
First conditional p rese nt simple will/can/may
Let's+ infinitive ...
+ infinitive
We could+ infinitive ...
Second conditional past simple would/could/might
Examples:
+ infinitive
Shall we m ee t at 3.00 in t he departure lounge?
Third cond itional past perfect would/could + have
Let'; w atch the film.
+ past pa rticip le
We cou ld take a taxi to the airport if you like.
Use
Use the zero condi tional w hen the action in lhe main clause is
Use these expressions t.o m ake offe rs:
always true when t he if clause is t rue :
Would you like ...?
Example: If you click on this icon, the compu ter saves you r
Shall/ + infinitive ... ?
document. ( Every time you click on this icon, the computer
/'/! + infinitive ...
saves your document.)
Examples:
Wou ld you like a cup of coffee? Use t he first cond itional w hen you think the if clause is likely:
Shall I open the w indov;? Example: If it is sunny tomorrow, I'll wea r my su nglasses.
I'll help you w ith your suitcase. (I think it's likely that il will be sunny tomorrow.)

Use the second conditio nal to make sentences ab out events

t hat are not likely, impossible or untrue in the presen t or future.
Should and shouldn't for expectation Example: If I had enough money, I wou ld buy a car.
(I d on't have enough money, so I can' t buy a car.)
(page 79)
Use t he t hird condi tional to ta lk about imaginary events and
Use should or shouldn't+ infini tive to say what you expect will or
results in the past.
won't happ en.
Example: If we had known abou t the p roblem yesterday, we
Examples:
cou ld have solved it last night. (But we didn't know about
You studied a lot, so you should get a good mark on
tile pro/Jiem yesterday so we didn't soive il lost night.)
your exam.
Shou ldn't she be here by now?
Vl/e shouldn't gel lost. We have a CPS system in our car.
UNITS
Compound nouns (page 44)
Compound nouns are nouns tha t are made up of two existing
words . Some com pound nouns are w ritten as one word, o t hers
are w ritten as two wo rds, and som e are hyphenated.
airport (air + port)
seat belt (seat + belt)
car park (car+ park)
post office (post+ office)

80
 Presen t perfect simple + ever/ never/just/
already/ yet (page 45)
Use eet and llt'\ er w1th the present perfect s1mple to talk
about your hie eKpenence. U~e necrwith negative statements
and e-.er with que~lions .
Sabah IM~ never tr,wPIIed outside ot Iraq.
H~w you evN bULly In airplane tickets online?
Use ju11 Willi the pre~entperlect simple to talk about actions
that hiM~ linh11NI vtry recenlly.
Akil IMS just <.JOt back from holiday.
Use nlrPo<ly and yet wit11 the present perfect simple to talk
about acttons that happened 111 <J lime up until now. Use
olreody to suggest that something happened sooner than
expected. Use yet to make quc~tions or negative statements
about an act1on that ts exp~>cte<.l to happen.
Kamal and Malt~ are leaving in six months and they have
.1lready 1->o" ed the1r uckets!
11.1vt: you b uqh t your uckets yet?
I ha n J ked my su1tcase yet. I'm going to do it tonighL
Present perfect simple and past simple
(page 47)
Use lh~ pr~esent perlect s1mple to talk about situations that
slarlcd in the past and conunue now. It is allen used w1th
words like for and since
Mali k hd \ ltvt d in B"sra tor ten yea rs.
UsE' the present perle>cl sunple to talk abou1 events that took
pli!CC tn c1 Lime that hasn' t finished. It is often used with words
li ke tl1is ycor and today.
I lhMm' l ww1 lsam this morning .
Use Lhe past simple to Lilli< ~bO\H events Lhat started and finished
In the p<lsl. lt 1s ol ten 11~ed w1th words like lose week and an hour ago.
I hey tell tor Egypt last Tue~d~y.
Past perfect (page 48)
Form

lI
Form Example
Affirmat111 e Hod + past parttciple We stayed in a hotel
where we had stayed
Present perfect continuous + for/since (page 46) before.
Negatlve Hod not (hodn'!) 4 When it was time to
Form
past partic1ple go, I still hadn't found

E
Form Example my passport.
Affirmative Hove/has ... been ~ She has been S>\i mmJng n Hod~ subject ~ Had you travelled abroad
present participle in the pool. past participle before or was this
Negative Hove not (hoven 't)/l1os We haven't been your first trip?
not (flmn 'I) "' been + wailing long.
present participle Use
Question Hovel /los + subj ect + Have you been When you ~rt> lcllklng ilboul two events in the past, use the
!.Mum+ present participle trying to call me? past perFE'c tto talk about th e event tha t happened first. Use
the past simp le to Lcl lk abou t the other event,
use We had lo buy new clothes because the airline had lost
U~e the pre~ent prrlect simple and l11e present pertect O\lr baggage.
contmuous to talk abOlll aclions or states that started 111 the I was waittng tn th e check-in line when I realized I had
Pil~l but c1lso relate to the fHC~ent; either they continue, or I orgo II! n my passport.
they have an effect on tlw present.
Use the pil\1 stmple, not the past per1ect, when retelling a
1 h.lvl been w orkmrt all day.
~enes or t'llent~ Ill order
(and I'm 1111 workmq)
We ~ho < I the agen1 our boarding passes and got on
(but have stopped worl<~ng as I '.ltn tlfed)
the airplane.
Use the pf\:~ent perfect s1mple to tc~lk about states, with verbs Ib Jh! some poSICards, then I went back to my hotel.
like 4r!Qiv, file, b and under~tor.d.
I h 1ve ~nO' m At1f for ten years
Usc the present pertect cc nt1nu us to talk about actions. Defining and non-defining relative clauses
I've hecn ~hOJ plll!J. What have you been domg? (page 50)
u~e the present perfect ~lmple and the present perfect Retattve clauses are d.IU~') tiM giVe more infonnat1on about a noun.
continuous w1th for ,md lince to talk about how long They often beg1n wuh a relauve pronoun such as wl':o, that or whkh.
~omething has bt't'n 1rue. I like hotels that have a swt mmtng pooL
Use for whpn tillklng <~bout a penod of time, for exa mple wi th Def1nlng relalive cla11ses give mfornlation about the noun thal
phrases like o yeor, tllrl!e days, two flours, a long lime. i~ ne(e~silry to undNstan<.l ti)C' ~entence.
I havr l>cen looking for you for three hours. The man who owm ~<11M Tour~ is on TV tonigh t.
Use since when describing some~ thing that beg<m at a parti cular (There will be trtany men on T\1 tonight. The relafive clause is
point In Lime, ror exa mple with phrases li ke 2005, january. neces.sary for us lo undarstand wlllch mon is going lo be on TV.)
yesterday, lilY birthday, tlnd mn li nliC to the present.
We 11,1VC IJt'<' ll wmtng here for our holidays since 2002,
81
 -

The boy whose book I borrowed is in my class. (The refotive

rlouse tells us which boy the speaker is talking about.)
Use Lhe poSSIVC form when you don' t know who is perionning
The relative pronouns you can use in a defining relative clause arc: an action or you don't thin k it's very important to say vvh o it is.
who for people My cheque book was stolen yesterday. (The speaker doesn'z
th at and which for things know who swle it.)
where for places A fee is charged if your account balance gets too low.
whose to show possession (We wn guess that the bank charges the fee, so it isn't very
imporl.ant 10 mention this in !he sentence.)
Non-defining relative clauses give additional information about
the noun, but are nolnecessary to help you understand the Use the passive form with IJy if YOl J want to focus on the
sentence. There are commas before and after non-defining action, bul still want to say who performed it.
relative clause~. This bill wn~ paid last week by my father.
Sami, who has never left the country, is going to England
for his holiday. (The relative clause gives interesting infoonotion
abovL Sami, but is not necessary for us 10 understand who
Somi is.)
The Sunbeam Hotel, wh1ch 1s very close to the beach, is the
best hotel in town. (The relative clause gives us more information
about tile hotel, bvt the sentence wovld make sense without il.) Future simple (page 65)
The relative pronoL1ns you can use in non-defining relative Form
clauses are the .same as for defining relative clauses, except that
Form Example
you cannot use that.
Affirmative will- infinitive ' I will have a lot of
work to do for this clas.s.
Negalive will + not (won'!) ..- They won't fimsh
infinitive Lheir project on Lime.
Question will+ subject + Will you see Kamal
infinitive in class?
Passive form (page 55) Use
Form Use the future simple to give opinions, make predictions or
The passive i~ formed with the verb 10 be+ past participle. express hopes about lhe future, and to make promises.
Form Example I won't get a good mark on this exam. It was too difficult.
Present om/is/ore+ A statement is mailed I will help you with your applica ti on.
simple past participle to you every month.
passive Present continuous for future (page 65)
Past simple wos/were + The account was
Form
passive past participle Of'X'ned on 30 October.
Future will be- Your name and I Fonn Example
simple past participle address will be printec Affirmative om/ is/ are+ Qadir is meet1ng me
passive on your cheques. present participle in front of the library.
Present om/is/ore being + A Mw bank is being Negative om not/is nol (isn't)/ He isn't going home
co ntinuous past pa rticiple built in my ore not (aren'l) + for the holidays.
passive neig hbou rhood. present participle
Past was/ were being .1.. Were you r cheques Question om/ is/ are + subject ..- Are you driving to
continuous past participle beul(J sent to the present participle school this morning?
passive wrong address?
Use
Present have/ has been + My cheque hasn't
Use the present continuous to ta lk about fixed future plan.s.
perfect past pa rticiple been deposited yet.
passive The present cont111uous is often used vilh a Li me or date.
Past Salwa is lclkin~J an exarn at nine o'clock tomorrow mornin g.
hod been~ Since my credit card
perfect past participle had been stolen, I had
passive to pay ca.sh for my
L ticket.

82
 Going to for future (page 65)
Form
Form
Affirmative am/ is/ are + going to
+ infini tive
Negat ive am not/is not (isn't)/
are not (aren 't) + sl ay u p late tonight
going to + infinitive
Quest ion am/is/are + subject +
going to + infini tive
Use
I enrolled in a class on web design b eca use I thought I
would lea rn a lol.
Example She couldn't come to the party because she was takmg an
1 an) going to work exam the next d ay.
harder next year. I decided I was going to st udy languilges when I was in
We aren' t g oing to 6t h Prep arato ry.
I knew R<lshida would be sleeping late that morning, so I
didn't call her until atter noon.
IS Ali going to app ly I wen t to the library at nine o'clock, but w hen I arrived I
to the progra rn me? saw it d id n't open until ten.

Use
Vse going to to talk ab out an intentio n or a p lan.
)afar is going to learn a new language to im p rove his UNITS
job prospects.

Prefixes and suffixes (page 74)

Future continuous (page 65) Pref ixes and suHixes are letters that w e add to Lhe b eginnings
and end s oi words to change their m eaning s. Here are ~ome
Form
examples of common prefixes and suffixes:
Form Example
Prefix Meaning Example
Affi rmative will+ be + presen t Malak w ill be go1ng
anti ac1ainst an tipollutio n
pa rticiple to university in t he
bi two b icycle
autumn.
Negative will not (won'() + be I won' t be staying at
co I together coworker I
+ present participle a hotel because I can
de I reduce, remove, undo I d ef rost I
eco environment ecosystem
stay w ith rriends.
Question will+ subject + be+ Wi ll your rriends be
in ter among, between i nternat ional I
present participle arriving tonight o r
micro very small mi croscope I
tomorrow?
re again reread I
tele over a distance televisio n I
Use trans across transcontinental
Use the fu ture cont inu ous to emphasize the o ngoing n atu re or
the action over a period of t ime. TI1e period of ti me can be Su ffix Meaning Example
anything from an hour to a year o r mo re. ab le capable of I renew able
Between 1 0 and l l tom o rrow I' ll be writing a report.
Next year I w ill be stLJdying English and Japanese.
al related to I environmental
ation action, p rocess celebration
en mad e ot wooden
rul full of harmfu l
Present simple for future (page 65) ist person w ho does scientist
less w ithout hearlless
Use the presen t simple to talk about futu re even ts t hat are on
ly in this way quietly
a schedule.
o logy science ol geo logy
lvly classes start to m orrow at nine o'clo ck.
ship ski ll craftsmansh ip

Fut ure in the past (page 67)
When talking ab out t he past, we sometimes wan t to say how
the futu re looked at the tim e. To d o this, we use the past form
of the appropriate future tense.
Note
1here are ot her meanings ro r some su ffixes. For example, -a/
can also mean 'the act o r process or' as a noun suffix (e.g.,
refusal); -ly is also found in common wo rds like family, july,
only, early, fly.

Future form Fu t ure in the past form

will + inrinilive
om/is/are + present particip le
am/is/are + going to ~ infinitive
will + be + present pa rti cip le
present simple
would + infinitive
was/were+ present participle
was/were+ going to+ infinitive
would + be + present participle
p ast simple

83
 Some irregular verbs Phonemic alphabet
Infinitive Past simple Past participle Vowels Consonants
be I was/were been i: be p r2en I
become became become I fish b bad I
bring brought brought e ten t !ake
break broke broken ((' cat d dog I
buy boug ht bough t o: hard k can
come came come 0 hot 9 girl
do did done :>: horse tf chip
eat ate eaten 0 I put c.ls jui'ce
fall fell fa llen u: I shoe r foot I
feel felt felt A I cup v visit
I find found found 3: l bird e thin
I fly flew flown a I about 0 !he
forget forgot forgouen CJ I train s ~oftware
get got got au I go 7. ~00

give gave given ell time J she

go went beenigone <HJ nov\' ~ I television
have had had I I ) J toy h I hot
hear I heard heard I l<l I hear m ma n
hit hit hit e;> chair II no
hurt I hurt I hurt I u.) tou rist IJ thing
know I knew I known 1 leg
leave I left I left I r I run
lend lent I lent I j I )!OU
let I let let I w I kYater
lose I lost lost
make I made made
meet met met Adjectives + prepositions
pay I paid paid
Adjectives followed by about
put I put put
angry ( angry about something)
read I read read
annoyed (onnoyed about something)
ring rang rung
excited
rise I rose risen
sure
run I ran run
worried
say said said
see saw seen /~djectives followed by with
send sent sent ang1y (angty with someone)
sing sa ng sung annoyed (annoyed with someone)
speak spoke spoken bored
spend spent spent disappointed
swim swam swum pleased
La ke took taken
tell told told Ad jectives tollowed by of
thin k thought afraid
thought
frig htened
I throw threw throvm
ieo/ous
I tly tried tried
proud
write wro te I written
Adjectives followed by in
interested

Adjectives follovved by from

different

Adjectives followed by at
good
bad

84
Literature Focus

Section A: The Swing

Mohammed Khudhair
Mohammed Khudhair is an Iraq i writer. He was born in Basra in 1942. He
finished his primary, in termediate and secondary study in Basra. He joined
the High School for Teachers and finished his study there in 1961. He
taught at schools in Oiwaniyya, Nassiriya and Basra for more than thirty
years. His fust short stories appeared in The Iraqi W1ite1 (A I Adeeb A1 b-aqi)
magazine in 1962.

His short stories are translated into English, Russian and French. He has
won many priz.es, including the Sulta11 Al Owais's Awmd in the United Arab
Emirates in 2004 and the Gold Pen Award from the General Union of Iraqi
Writers in 2008.

H e ach ieved fame in the M iddle East after publishing his two short stories 'The Swing'
and 'Melodies on the String of Rubaaba' in the BeirutA1ts maguine.

His best works include 'The Black Kingdom', 'At 45 centigrade', 'Autumn Dream',
'Embalmment', 'Gardens of faces' and the novel BaS1iatn.

The Swing
'The Swing' is one of the best short stories about war. Mohammed Khudhair wrote
this short story after the Sllm mer 1967 war against Israel. Khudhair later wrote:

I was 25 years old when I wrote 'The Swing'. I actually folllld it very difficult
to control the personal feelings storming inside a young man with crude
experience in politics and war. Yet, I was fully aware of the conditions of
story-writing.

'The Swing' is a severe condemnation of war wherever it happens. It is a sincere

invitation to sustain family life , to make childhood secure and to love one another.

Ir teUs about a soldier, Sattar, who has just return ed from the hell of war carrying a
message for the family of his friend. His friend, Ali, was killed in battle, leaving his
mother, lLi.s wife and his little daughter, Haleema.

85
 An indescribable di alogue goes on
between attar and the little girl w hile he
sways her in her swjng. H e tries to
convince the child that her fathe r is like
smo ke and she can cc him only when sh e
d oses her eyes. Sattar cannot find any
o ther way to inform the little girl and h er
family that his friend Ali has left forever ,
though he left honourably.

The story stresses that war destroys

everything. It lead s to nothing but death,
deprivation a nd destruction.

Excerpt from 'The Swing'

Halccma's grand ma said, 'As for your father's news, you will jusr have ro wait unci! he's here on leave.'

The visiror said, 'Yes, whar news! Grear news, Haleema.'

H e heard Haleema saying, The swing has slowed down, ~"ay me now.' H e came our of rhe rrce's
shadow wirh a wer face.

H aleema asked him, ' H ave your eyes turned red?'

'No, chis happens ro rbose who swim,' he replied. Haleema said. 'No. D ad's eyes never rurned red.'

The visitor pur his hands on rhe rwo ends of rhe swing sear and pLtsbed it up. He couldn' t see her
in rhe sun and wh en the swing came down he embraced it, sropping its movemenc. 'How are you
feeling now, Ha leema?' he asked her.

'Why did yo u stop it? Ir was an excellenr push. No one ever swayed me like thar before,' she said.

She dhappeared again in rhe sun. her head lying on her stretched arm , ht:r EKe scra ighr and her eyes
dosed. She said, 'l can see my dad. Here he is, S\vaying me in his lap. Bllr he\ nor talking, like a
mute:. He: shaved his hair ju~r like you, and as ifl were a srranger co him. he didn 'r recognize me nor
did he calk w me.' T hen she opened her eyes and said. '\Vhere did he go? Ht: wa~ righr here wirh
me. swaring me.'

' H e \'anished. Every time you open your eyes, he vanishes.' the 'i!oitor replied.

T he girl asked again, 'Where did he disappear ro?'

'Let w. look for him, Halecma. Has he climbed the palm rree? Well, I guess not. or else we would
have seen him. Ha!o he dived inro rhe water? No. had he srayed long underwater, he would have
drowned. Oh! Well do you know where he \venr? He's in rhar bag ... do you see it, H aleem a?'

'Which bag?' the girl asked.

That one, on the 0 1her bank of rhe river, rhe bag hanging from rh e bi cycle.' he replied.

86
That small bag? H ow could his body fh imo ir?' the girl wondered.

'Well. he"s like smoke. AJways remember. H aleema. he's like smoke.'

'I didn'r sec him well. I was sirring in his lap,' Haleema said.

'Do you want me ro sir wirh you on rhe S\\>ing?' the ,isiror interrupted. He stopped rhe ropes and
lifted her omo his lap while he sar down on rhe swing. H e was swaying the swing wirh his feet when
her grandma came up with a loaf of bread in her hands.

'Arcn'r you feeling hungry yet? Ear rhis while we wait for your grandpa lor lunch rogerher. I am
going up to feed the pigeons.'

She divided the hor loaf of bread between them. They asked h er to sway t hem before she headed to
the rooftop. 'A m 1 able.: w sway you?' the grandma said before leaving.

The swing ropes moved slowly, rhen the swing's movement became Gtster and taster umil it was no longer
in the tree's shade. Ir flew over rhe srream of water while rhe grandma disappeared behind che ~hed.

'Lean on my chest. H alccma. and close your eyes,' rhe visitor said.

'Bm your clothes are wee! said H aleema.

'I didn'r dry my body "elL' he answered.

'Do you like bamber?' the girl asked.

'Yes. I'd lo'"e ro have some,' he replied.

'I don't like it ... \Xfhat's your name?' she added.

'Sanar,' rhe visitor answered.

'You have che same nam e as Lhe mayor's son. \YJe pl ay behind rhc dead parl our and he wanrs us to
go in .'

'Yo LJ mean che funera l parlour?' he asked her.

'Yes, show me my dad now.'

'I can see him coming ouL of Lhe bag and heading roward us. \XIirhom a bead or hands and legs or
even clothes. just like smoke,' he added.

'Ye~. res.' she murrered.

'LeL him come close. Prerend char you are sleeping. Do not frighten him because he only likes
rhose who arc sk<'ping like rhe dead,' rhe \"isiror said.

'Have you slept, Haleema?' Satta.r said, after a short while.

'He came our of rhe bag like smoke and didn'r speak at all,' H aleema said.

'And where is he now?' he asked her.

'I don't know. H e's go ne. He bas dived into the river.'

87
 1 Give suitable meanings for the underlined words and expressions.

2 Complete the following statements with i.nformation from the text.

1 Sattar came to his friend's house to _ _ _ __ __ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _
2 ln1967, ________________________________________________________
3 Sattar and Haleema ate _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ before lunch.

3 Discuss how the visitor tried to convey his message.

4 What moral lessons does the writer try to give in 'The Swing'?

88
Section B: The Canary

'The Canary',
by Katherine Mansfield

... You see that big nail to d1e right of the front door? I can
scarcely look at it even now and yet 1 could not bear to take
it our. I shoul d like to think it was there always even (~fter
my rime*. J sometimes hear rhe next people saying, 'There
must have been a cage hanging from there.' And it comforts
me. 'I feel he is not quite forgotten .

.. . You cannot imagine how wonderfully he sang. It was not

like the singing of other can aries. And that isn't just my
fancy. Orten. from the window .I used to see people stop at
the gate to listen, or they would lean over the fence by rhc
mock-orange for quite a long time-carried away.

For instance, \Vhcn l 'd fi nished the house in the aftem oon. and changed my blouse a nd brought my
sewing on to the verandah here, he used to hop* , hop, hop from one perch* to another, tap against the
bars as i r to attract my attention, .5iQ a little water, just as a professional singer rni ght, and then break
into a song so exquisite* that 1 had to put my needle down to listen to him. Tcan' t describe it; I wish I
could. But it was always the same, every afternoon, and I felt that I understood every note of it .

... I loved him. How I loved him! Perhaps it docs nor matter so very much what it is one loves in this
world. But love something one must! Of course there was ahvays my little bouse and the garden, but
for some reason they were never enough. Flowers respond wonder fully, but they don 't SJ'mparhise* ...
lloved rhe evening star .. . But after he came into my life 1 forgot the evening star; 1 did nor need it any
more . But it was strange. When the Chinaman who came to tl1c door with birds to sell he ld him up in
his tiny cage, and instead or nutte ring, f1uttcring, like rhc poor little goldfinches*, he gave a faint, smal l
chirp, I found myself saying, j ust as J had said to the star over the gum tree, 'There yo u are. my
darl ing.' From that moment he was mine!

... It surptiscs me even now to remember how he and 1 shared each other 's lives. The moment! came
down in the moming and LOok the cloth off his cage he greeted me with a drowsv little note. 1 knew it
meant 'M issus! Missus!' Then I hung him on the nai l outside while I got my three young men their
breakfasts, m1d I never brought him in, to do his cage. unti l we had the house ro ourselves again. Then,
wben the \Vashing-up was done, it was quite a little enterta inment. I spread a newsp aper over a comer
of the table and when I put the cage on it he used to beat w ith his wings, despairing(v* . as .if he didn 't
know what \Vas coming. 'You' re a regular little actor, ' 1 used to scold him. 1 scraped* the tray, dusted it
wi rh fresh sand, fill ed hi s seed and water tins, tucked a piece of chid...veed* and half a chili between the
bars. And I am perfectly certain he understood and appreciated every item of this little performance.
You see by nature he was exquisitely neat ... And you'd only to sec him enjoy his bath to realise he had
a real small passion for cleanliness ...

.. . Company, you sec, that was what he was. Perfect company. 1fyou have lived alone you will realise
how precious that is. Of course there were my three young men who came in to supper every evening,

89
 and sometimes they stayed in the dining-room afterward::; reading the paper. But l could not expect
them to be interested in the little things that made my day ... But 1 remember fee ling so especially
thankful that 1 was not quite alone that evening. 1 told him, after they had gone out. I said, ' Do you
know what tbey call !vfi ssus?' And he put his head on one side and looked at me with his little bright
eye until! could not help laughing. It seemed to am use him.

. . . I lave you kept birds? J f you haven't all this must sound, perhaps, exaggerated*. People have the
idea that birds are heanless, cold l ittle creaTures* . not like dogs or cats. My washerwoman used to say
every Monday when she wondered why I didn r keep a nice fox terrier: There's no comfort. Miss, in
a canary.' Untme! Dreadfullv untrue! I remember one night. I had had a very tmJid* dream ... even
after I had woken up I could no t get over it. So 1 put on my dressing-gown and went dovm to the
kitchen fclr a glass of water. It was a vvinter night and raining hard. Tsuppose 1 was still half asleep. bur
through the kitchen windovv... it seemed to me th e dark \Vas staring in, spying*. And SLidden ly 1 felt it
was unbearable that 1 had no one to whom J could say 'I've had such a dreadful dream,' or-or 'Tiidc
me from the dark. ' I even covered my face for a minute. And then there came a little ' Sweet! Sweet!'
... 'Sweet! S\veet!' said the darling little fc!IO\v again, softly. as much as to say. ' I'm here. Missus! rm
here!' That was so beautifu lly comforting rhat 1 nearly cried .

. . . And now he's gone. I shall never have another bird, another pet of any kind. l low could I? \.Vhen I found
him, lying on his back. wiLh his eye dim* and his claws H-rwlg*. when l realised that never again should J
he<u my darling sing, something seemed to die in me. My heart fe lt hollow, as if it was his cage ....

Glossary
t~fier m.v rime after her death
hop small jump
percIt a place where a bird rests
exquisile ve1y beautiful
SJ mpathise show understanding
goldjinclres small birds with yell ow on their wing::;
despairing ly wi th sadness and worry
scraped removed the dirt
cllid1,eed small plant with white fl owers
exaggera1ed made more important lhan il real ly is
creatures animals
au:fitl upsetting. tClTiblc
spying watching her secretly
dim dmk, lifeless
H'r1.111g curled up

90
1 In no more than 200 words, write a summary of Katherine Mansfield 's short story.

2 Do you find it easy to sympathise* with the woman? Why, or why not?

3 Match the words in list A with the words in list B that have the same meaning.
A B
scarcely a enjoyed, was g rateful for
2 fancy b cleaning the dishes
3 blouse c t idy
4 washing-up d imagination
5 appreciated e woman's shirt
6 neat f hardly
7 precious g asked or thought about
8 wondered . h valuable

91
 -
4 l ook up the ten unde rlined wo rds in the story in your dictionary. What does each word mean?

5 Try to use five of the words from the Glossary in sente nces of your own.

6 Choose three phrases in the story that create a stro ng image for you, e.g., the nail that held
t he cage (described in the first paragraph). Try to explain how each phrase creates an image
when you are reading it.

92
Checklist for written work
Planning your work
Read the question carefully. Underline the important parts. Do you understand it?
If it is not clear, then ask your teacher.
Brainstorm as many ideas as you can of what you are going to write about.
Write them down as a list or mind map.
Look up any vocabulary that you are unsure of.
Select the ideas you want to use and delete any that are not relevant.
You don't have to use everything.
Put your id eas into a logical order and group ideas that go together in sections .
If you can, find a model text and look at t he style and layout. Are th ere any phrases
or vocabulary that you can adapt for your own work? (Be careful not to copy chunks of
the model text without changing it though.)
Think about who you are writing for and decide on the style and layout. For example,
if you are writing a letter to a friend, the style will be different to a formal letter and the
layout will be different to a story.

Writing and revising your work

Use the ideas from your planning to write the first draft. Don't worry too much about
accuracy or choosing the right words.
Remember to start a new paragraph every time you move on to a new idea or topic.
Read through your first draft and check that you have answered the question correctly.
Decide if you want to delete, change or add any more ideas .
Decide wheth er you want to change the paragraphing or the order of the ideas.
Check that you have linked your ideas using connecting words and phrases
(e.g., first, next, then, etc).
Write a second draft more carefu lly and slowly. Make sure your wri ting is clear.

Editing yo ur wo rk
Read through your w ork. Check you have answered the question correctly, every sentence
is clear, the grammar is correct, you have used suitable vocabulary and lin ki ng words, the
spelling is correct. (Check with a dictionary.)
Show your work to your family or a friend and see if they can help you edit it.
Editing tip: You could try reading the text in reverse order, starting with the final sentence
and working backwards to the first sentence. This will stop you being distracted by the
content and allow you to focus on technical details.

93

Transcript
Unit 1 Lesson 1
" Section 1
D Listen and choose the correct word
to end each sentence. Write the
numbers 1 to 6 in the correct boxes.
One
\X!om an : What did the doctor do?
Girl: She told m e to open my
mouth and say 'Aah.' Then
she looked at my throat.
Two
Boy: One minute I feel hot and the
next minute I feel wid. I
thin/<. r have a temperature.
Three
Girl: I spilt boiling water on m y
foot. It's very badly burnt.
Four
Boy: Yi!hat does the x-ray show,
doctor?
Female doctor: Your wrist is fractured.
Five
Girl: 1 was running in high heels
and my foot went over. Now
my em/de is really swollen.
Six
Mother: Why aren 't you eating your
lunch, darling?
Small boy: Tcan't. My throat hurts too
much when I swallow.
94
-
Unit 1 Lesson 2
Q Section 2
Listen and check your answers.
Adil: f"ve hurt my wrist.
Nmse: Sit down, please. 7 need to take
you,1 details.
K urse: The doctor will see vou ver\'
soon, Adil.
Doctor: How did 'VOU do it?
Adil: I was ice-skating and r fell
oue1:
Adil: Do you think it's broken?
Docto r: Probably not . But you need to
have an x-ray to mal<.e sure.
Achl: Is it broken?
Adil: Fm afraid so. lr's fractured
!Jere.
Docto r: I'm going to put your wrist in
plaster.
Adi l: How long wi!fl have to keep it
em?
Docror: Six weeks.
Unit 1 lesson 4
~Section 3
A Listen and check your answers.
~an : Every yem; around 114,000
smokers in the United
Kingdom die from thei?" habit.
Tha(s about 300 f.Jeof.Jle euery
day.
\'(/om an: Smoking in Britain is highest
i11 the 20- 24 age group.
Man: It is illegal to sell cigarettes to
children under the age of 16.
 Yet 20% of Britain's 15-ye..,?r-
olds are regular smokers.
1
\Xoman: More than 80% of smokers
take up the habit when the)'
arc fc!c11agers.
Ma n: People who smoke a packet of
cigarettes a day die on auerage
Z years amlier than fJeople
wlm haue neuer smoked.
Wom an: r : L/(!1')' day in the United
Kingdom., afJj)rox imately 4.50
ymmg people under the age of
18 start smoking.
Man: The British Government
currently spends around 30
million ,7 year on anti-smoking
education camfJaigns. A
further 41 million is spent on
measures to help people give
up smoking.
Woman: More J)eople in B1itain die
from smoking tha11 front road
accidents, f;oiso ning and
A IDS.
Untt 2lesson 1
" Section 4
Now listen to two people talking.
peaker J: I used to dril'e too fast. I
thought speeding was fun and
I d1dn 't reali.:::e how dangerous
it was. Then one d,1y I droze
by a police car. The speed limit
was 11 0, hut T was driving
much faster. T he fJOlice officers
had a radat gu11) and they
knew 1 uas driving too fast.
They pulled me ouer and gave
me a speeding ticket. I uas
ahout to leave when one of the
officers gave me a piece of
paper. It was a photo fron1. a
newspaper that sh owed a five-
car crash. It was terrible. The
police o f(7cer told me it
happened because someone
was speeding. I realized that
by driuing too fas t I could get
h urt and hurt other people too.
So 1 decided never to speed
L1gain. If I want to go fast, I
can go on a rollercoaster!
Speaker 2: You can get a lot of
information from a crime
scene. Footprints can tell you
what type of shoes a thief was
wearing, hotu big his feet are,
and et'en how tall h e is.
So111etim es n'e find
fingerp rints. A person can
leaue {7nge?'fJrhtts if his hands
are di rty. Th en the fingerprints
a re easy to fin d. But people
leaL'C fingerprints e1Je1z w hen
their hands are clean. \\'le can
see them o nly after putting a
special powder on them .
Alatching fingerprints used to
he dif(7cuft. Nmt' it's much
easier because computets can
do a lot oft he work.
95
 Unit l Lesson 2
~ Section 5
B Listen and answer the questions.
Question: Is being a policeman
dangerous?
Answer: Sometimes. It can be
dangerous when you have to
arrest somebody or stop a
figh t . But it isn 't dangerous all
the time. \'l.lhen you are trying
to find drivers who are
speeding it can even be a bit
boring, because you spend a
lot of time waiti11g. One of the
most importa11t qualities a
policeman must have is
f7atien ce.
Question: Do you have to worl~ at night?
Answer: T here are always o fficers at the
station to help people at any
tinze of the day or 11ight. But
we don ,t haue to work every
night. We us"u11ly take turns so
we can spend smne time at
home with our fam.ily and
friends.
Question: What do you like best about
being a twliceman?
Answer: Well. I like solving crimes. It
can be very interesting.
Sometimes its a bit lil<.e solving
a puzzle. 7 also like the fee li11g
that I 'm helping jJeo ple. If
people d on 't obey the Law,
others can get hurt. So when I
arrest a criminal o1 stop a
driver from speedi11g> f know
that I'm making our city a
better place to lil/e.
96
Un1t 2 Lesson 3
~ Section 6
Listen and check your answers.
Conversation 1
Airline agent: Hello. I'd like to ask you a
feu' questions about your
baggage.
Father: Of course.
Airline agent: Could you tell me u.1ho
fJack ed yottr bags, please?
Father: We did. Last night.
Airline agent: Since then, have you left
your baggage unattended at
any time?
Father: No. we haven't.
Airline agent: Are you carrying ~.my sharp
objects, gases or chemical
products?
Father: No,, we aren 't.
Airline agent: Has anyone asked you to
carry anything in your
baggage for them?
Father: No, no one has.
Ai rl ine agent: Thank you, sir. Have a good
flight.
Conversation 2
Security guard: Good m orning, sir. Wfould
you put your bag 011 the
conveyor heft, please?
.\rlalek: Oh. Of course. What is that
machine for ?
Sec urity g uard: It x-rays your bag. That
way we can make sure
you're not canying anything
dangenms.
Malek: But I'm not!
Securin:. uguard: I'm sure vmr're
-
not. But we
have to check everybody's
bag. Thar's the rule. Could
 you empty your pochets,
please?
Malek: Uh, sure.
Security guard: Now please walk through
the metal detector.
[beeping noise]
Secu rir.y gua rd: ls there anything left in your
pockets?
Malek: Oh, yes. l\!1y l<eys. Sorry!
Securi ty guard: T har's all right. Just put
them in the tray and walk
through again. T hank you.
Halle a good flight.
Conversation 3
~arher : Shall we get some
magazines bef01'e boarding?
Malek: Th at's a good id ea. Lee's get
some drinks too.
Mot her: ['1/ stay here with the bags if
you want. Can you get me
an orange soda?
Fa[her: Of course.
Loudspeaker Would the owner of t1 red
voiCe: nylon bag with green straps
please come and get it
immediately? R eminder to
all passengers: please do not
leave )'Ottr baggage
unattended. Unattended
baggage w ill be disjJosed o f
by security sta ff.
.Yialek : What does that m ean?
Father: it m eans you should always
haue yout' baggage with
you. Tf you don't. someone
from security might think it
has s01nething dangerous in
it a11d tak e it away.
Ma lek: Oh no!
Pa rhcr: What's the matter?
Malek: I think that's m y bag!
Conversation 4
Passport agent: May l see your passport,
please?
Farher: Certainly.
Passporr agent: Are you tratJe!ling alone?
Father: No, w ith my wile and my
S011.
Passporr agent: Could I have their
passports?
Father: Here you are.
Passporr agent:A re you trauelling lor
business or pleasure?
Fa rher: For pledsure.
Passporr agent: Where will you he staying?
Fa ther: \'1/ith my brother, in
Baghdad.
Passporr agent: T hank you . Enjoy your
uisit.
Conversation 5
Customs official: Good morning. Do you
haue a11ything to declare?
.Maleic Well, I've hrought some
gifts for my azmt 1.md uncle.
Customs official: Wlhal have you brought
them?
Malek: A book for m y uncle and
some chocolates f01' my
aunt.
Cusroms official: Are you carrying a11y
cigatettes, plants or
anima Is?
Malek: No, 1'm not.
Customs official: Which bag is yours, please,
sh-?
Ma le k: The red one.
Customs official: Could you open it, please?
Malek: Yes, o f cou rse.
97
 lzipping sound]
Customs official: Well, that's fine_, then. Have
a fJleasant stay in B11ghdad.
.\1alek: Thank you,.
Unit 2 Lesson 4
\6 Section 7
Listen and complete the notes.
Samir: Could I speal< to J\tlr Haz en-z?
Secretary: May Task u!ho's calling?
Samir: This is Samit Esam.
Secretary: Just a moment, please.
Nlr Hazem: Hello .
Samir: Good nwmi11g. Is that 1\!lr
Hazem?
:vlr Hazem: Yes, speaking.
Samir: 1'nz calling about your advert
in yesterday's paper.
Mr Hazem: Very good. Shall I tell you a
bit about the job?
Samir: Yes, please.
M r Hazem: \Ve need someone who is very
reliable and can come to
work on time every day.
\)\!ork starts at 6 a.m. You
1na y need to u.mrl~ s01ne
weef<.ends, but not at night.
Samir: That's fine. 1 !il<.e getting up
early.
.lvL- Hazem: Good. Our security guards
also need to he r1ery fit. There
are security cameras in the
building, but you'll have to
wall~ around the building
every hour, and it can be a hit
tiring. When you're not
98
walking around the building,
you ' II have to watch
television screens that shouJ
what is hafJj)ening in different
areas.
Samir: Willi have to anest fJeople?
:Vfr Hazem: No! if you see anything
unusual, you'll call the police.
Samir: Oh_, good.
Mr Hazem: You also must be very
(1-iendly and lil<.e talking to
f.>eojJle, especially if you U.J(nk
in a mall or an office building.
A lot of people go to those
buildings, and m~my of them
will ask for inf!Jnnation or
directions.
Samir: That's fine. I enjoy talking to
people .
.~vir Hazcm: Then you should enjoy the
job. One more thing: you
need to be computer literate
for this job because you need
to write reports at the end ol
every day. Can you use a
computer?
Samir: Yes, m y father's got a
co1nputer at home.
Mr Hazem: Well then, you shouldn 't haue
any difficulty using our
comjJuters. All right then,
would you like to come in for
an. appointnumt?
Samir: Yes, I would. \XIhat is a good
time?
.lv1r Hazem: How about tomorrow at
10.00?
Samir: Thar's fine.
Nlr Hazem: Do you have an e-mail
address?
Samir: Yes>T do.
.\1 r Hazem: Good, I'll send you the
directions hy e-mail. They're
t!ery clear. YuH shouldn't IJal'e
any trouhle finding us.
Unit 3 Lesson 1
" Section 8
Listen and match.
Zaid : Hello . I'm Z aid. I'm the
manager of the Sheraton H otel
in 1!ttrghada, Egypt. I love my
job because it's so uaried.
Nada: My names 1ada . l"m t1
fJrescnter on AI jazeera
teletision . I really enjoy my
uork, but it can he quite
stressfu l sometimes.
O usa ma : I'm Ousama. I 'm a pilot with
I raqi Airways. My fa vourite
rattle is Baghdad - Bangk ok .
In my opinicm, heing a pilot is
the most satisf)i11g job in the
world.
Faten: M y na111e's Faten. I'm a
computer programmer. I umrk
for a big company a11d I'm
quite well-paid.
Unit 3 Lesson 2
\f Section 9
Listen and check your answers.
Advisor: \Xlhat would you like to do
whe11 you finish stu dy ing ?
Ramiz: I'm not Slfre yet . But I'm uery
it1teres ted in ecology and the
en vironme11t.
Advi so r: 1f you '1'e good at science and
geography, there are lots of
jobs to choose from .
Rami7.: 1 lol'e them both. They're my
favum ite subjects.
Advisor: W'ell, how about a career in
water technology ? T!Mt,s really
importa11t i11 this cotmlry.
Ra miz: What exactly does water
technology hwolve?
Advisor: If you work in water
technology, you look for ways
of conse1'ving wa ter a11d
/)ltrifying it.
Ramiz: Yes, I'd li!?.e to w ork i11 the
water i11dustry. \XIatcr
co11Se1'llation and 11urification
are really important in this
cou11try. \Yl hat kind of
qualifications do I need?
,A.dvisor: First of all, you need to get a
degree. You co11ld choose from
enuironmental scie11ce, geology
or et'elr engmeenng.
R ami7.: Which university offers those
courses?
Advisor : I hat'e to check. If you co111e
back next week, I'll have the
answer.
99
 Unit 3 Lesson 3 Un it 3 Lesson 6

~ Section 10 ~ Section 11
Listen and read. listen and complete the captions.
Cathy: I/ you could haue any career in Hello, my name's Mustafa Ali and J'm a
the u.mrld, what would you mouie director. I'm pretty successful and
choose? I really enjoy my job. But it wasn't easy
\hryam : I'd like to be a pilot. finding the right career. Wlhen lt.Jas
Cathy: Do you think that dream is young, I tried quite a few cmtrses and
ever going to come true? johs. Somehow, none of them U/ere right
tvlaryam : No, I don't. Tt's just a dream. for me.
My parents wouldn't approve
of it. They want me to train as My mother suggested l should train as a
a doctor. pilot. So I went to the flying academy,
Cathy: What if you refused? where I had to take a lot o( tests. 1
Maryam: Are you joking? They'd he failed the eye test and they told me I
really upset if I refused. couldn't become a pilot.
Cathy: But it's your dream.
Maryam: I know. Rut 1 could n.euer be a When I was eighteen, I started training
successf'uljJilot, anyway. to be a doctor. Halfway through my
Cathy: W!hat do you 1nean? course, I realized that I was scared of
lV1aryam: If I was a pilot, nobody w ould blood. So I kneu' it wasn't the right
fly with me. profession for me.
Cathy: Why not?
1Vlaryam: Because I'm a bit scared of i\!1y father was an engineer. When 1 gave
heights! Hj) medicine, he said T should beconze an
Cathy: if 1 were you, I'd train as a engineer like him. One day, 1 went with
doctor and haue flvinf!. lessons
' 0
him to see a dam that he was building.
in my free time. It was really high and I suddenly got
;\,1 aryam: W!hat free time? Medical dizzy. My legs felt weal~ and I nearly fell
students don't haue any free off the side of the dam. 1 realized then
time! that I was scared of heights and I told
1ny father I could never be a successful
engmeer.

Some months later, I joined the police

force. One day, 1 had to chase a thief
but I couldn>t mn fast enough . I just
wasn't fit enough. So J gaue up being a
policeman.

100
 Late1:, I got a joh as a tou1 guide. There
were tmfiists from all over the u.mrld:
Britain, Fra11.ce, Japan, China, Italy. I
couldn't commu11icate with rnost of
them because 1 didn 't speal~ enough
languages. So I wasn't a uery good tour
guide and my boss asl<ed me to leaue.
Unit 3 Lesson 7
\6 Sect ion 12
Listen and check your answers.
Learn E11glish in the UK at Birchwood
International College! \X'e have colleges
in 24 dif{erent locations across the
country. Choose a busy city, where you
can enjoy shopping, eating out ,md
nightlife. Or opt for a village in the
English countryside, where you wilt
enjoy beautiful surmu11dings, lovely
wall<s and a slower pace of life.
All our teachers are qualified and highly
experienced. Classes are small, which
means that you will be sure of a high
leuel of in.dividual attention. Our
courses, which run throughout the year,
are tailored to your needs an.d our
friendly staf{ are always on hand to
offer expert aduice. Choose from.
courses of one week to 3 months
duration.
We offer a choice of accommodation to
suit your needs. Tf you choose homestay;
you will stay h1 an English home, t.uhich
n1.eans you will have the opportunity to
exfJerience family lile in Britain. You
will also be able to practise your English
in the euenings.
In 12 of our locations, you can choose
residential accommodation. \Ve haue
our oum stttdents' hostels where u.1e can
offer comfortahle accommodation in
single room.s. Breal<{ast is prouided and
students can buy other meals in the 011-
site canteen.
Download an application form from
www.hirchz.u oodcollege. org.ul<. and
return it with a 1ecent fJassport photo to
Birchwood Tntemational College, PO
Box 222, Truro TR22 9DR.
Unit 4 Lesson 1
\6 Section 13
Listen and check yo ur answers.
Dear Badria
J'm sorry I haven't been in touch
recently. This year has heen really busy.
lvly hrothe1; Rashid, and I set up our
own comfJany last SejJtember. It's called
Rashid and Rana Designs. We produce
shirts and jeans. 1 am the designe1; and
Rashid does all the marketing. Our
cousin, Salima, works as Rashid's
fJersonal assistant.
Wle inuested a lot o f money in the
business, so we are not yet making a
fJroflt. But sales are very good and we
are exportin.g a lot of clothes to the
101
 UAE, Oman, B,1hrain and euen the UK.
Of course, it is diffimlt to compete with
the Chinese market . They produce such
cheap clothes i11 China. But o ur designs
are L'ery origiltal. And they are very
popular i11 the Gulf. So the future looks
very bright, than!< G od.
Tum 111011ths ago we went to /_ehanon
a11d M orocco to choose cloth for our
spring designs. Wle fou11(f som e beautiful
sill< and cotton fabrics . A11d last month
we flew to London to show o ur new
shirts at London Fashion \'i/ eek . \.Ve had
a great time. There was a lot of interest
in our designs. We sig11ed contracts with
three L ondo11 department stores. And a
lo t of rich and important people bought
our sill~ shirts!
On our way back, guess who we saw at
Heathrow Airfmrt? W e were waiting for
oHr flight back to Baghdad when our
uld school friend. Muna Shakir, walked
fh1St with _.. You uill 11 e ~'er guess!
Ghassan A hmed! Yes ! Apparently they
gut married tuo years ago. And they
now ha~'e a beautiful little hoy called
Kamal.
L ets keep in touch. Come and stay with
liSin Baghdad wheneLer you like.
Lo ts of /c)l!e
Ran a
102
Unit 4 Lesson 6
g, Section 14
List en and check.
Dettr AIs f ox ton
I sau the advertiseme11t in the Times of
2 ~rJ Jmre for customer seruice staff and
would li/u? to afJfJiy.
As you w ill see from 111)' enclosed C\1, 1
left schoo l a year ago with A leuels in
Geography and M edia Studies . Since
then 1 have done a one-year Foundation
course in Business Studies. I am n ow
keen to find a fu ll-time job in a11
expanding compm1y which u!ill giue me
opport1111ities for career deuelopment_1
am uery impressed with Talk Tel's
reputation.
I baze ccmsiderahle exf)(?rience of sales,
hauing worked part-time as a sales
assistant at weel~ends and in the
holidays for the past two years. My
current part-time jo {J is in an electrical
goods store. w here I hcwe a good
record. The store manage1; Mrs Willis ,
ui/1 be happy to confirm this .
Although I do not ha~.-e any t)revious
experience in customer service, I feel I
haue the personal q11alities that you are
looking for.
I look forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely
J ~1ckie Liu
Unit 5 Lesson 2
~ Section 15
Listen to different people talking about
points related to holidays. Match them
to the topics below. Write the correct
number in each box.
Announcer: One
Girl : 1t took six hours from London
to Washington. The (ood u.!as
awful but the fibns were OK. 1
watched two and slept the rest
o( the time.
Announce r: Two
Boy: Haue a look at them. They're
(ull of colour photos o(luxury
hotels on the beach and
beautiful places to uisit in
the area.
Announcer: Three
Girl: On the first day there's a jeep
trip to the desert. On the
second day there's a bus trip to
a souq. On the third day
there's a trip to the camel
races.
Announcer: Four
.Boy: The waiters were te1Tihfe. They
were really slow and one o(
them sjJilt soup on my shirt.
Announcer: Five
Girl: There are candles and flowers
everywhere and the music is
amazing. The people there are
always really friendly and
cheerful. h's a f.Jlace where you
always feel good.
Announcer: Six
Boy: There 's plenty to do there -
golf, tennis_, windsurfing,
t.ua!/;;_ s.
Announcer: Seven
Girl : \\!hat shall/ book for next
week - a hotel or a selr
catering apartment?
Unit 5 Lesson 4
~ Section 16
listen to the dialogue and fill in the
gaps with th e correct words.
Katie : Hi, ;'vluna. What are you doing
with all those holiday
brochures?
Muna: Oh, I-'m just doing a bit o(
research on holiday deals in
Thailand. Haue you ever been
there?
Katie: Yes. We had a (amity holiday
there a couj>le of years ago.
M una: So, which places did you go
to?
Katie: Wle/1, we spent a week in
Bangkok to get a flauow' of the
city life and then two weehs em
the beach in Phuket.
Muna: I'n-z sure that was beautiful!
Katie: Tt was amazing! T really
enjoyed it. \Xlell, we all did.
There was something for
everyone.
.Yiuna: \-\le're lool<ing for a package
deal.
103
 Ka tie: That's a good way to do it. At
least you k11ow where you're
going and u.1hat you're doing.
And it often works out cheaper
in the long mn . Have you
fouud one yet?
~vi una: No, but there me two or three
that look rev1 lly good. Which
hotel did you stay at in
Ba11gk ok?
Muna: We stayed at the Golden
Palace (or the firs t two nights.
Then we moved o n to the
Man-io tt . The sen.'ice u/as
excellent in both of them .
Muna: And what did you think of
Tha i food?
Katie : Oh, it's delicious. Haven 't you
ever tried it?
:.'viuna: 1 had green CUlT)' once. 1 really
didn't like it .
Katie: W/hy not?
l\1una: It nearly burnt a hole in my
mcmth!
Unit 6 Lesson 1
" Section 17
Listen to Rami and his brother talking.
Underline the items on the bank
statement that they talk about.
Aziz: Hi, Rami. What are you
doing?
Rami: I'm trying to understand
something I got from my bank .
I 'm not su1e what it is .
Aziz: Let me see. Oh, that's your
104
bank statement. This is a paper
that you '!f get every month
from your bank. It's really
important because it shows
yoZL how much money weut in
and came out of your account
euery month. You should look
at it carefully and check it to
mahe sure there aren't any
mistal:ws.
Rami: Can you help 1ne figure out
what it allmea11s?
Aziz: Sure. Look_, to the left of the
title 'bank statement' is the
uame of your ban h. Th en
there's information to identify
the hank account. Your name
is em the left. Your account
numbe1~ w hich is an eight-digit
n1mtbe1~ c7NJears on the top
right. That's straight(orwardJ
right?
Rami : Sure, that's easy.
Aziz: A transaction is an activity in
your account. So the second
column is where the bank says
what happened in your
account during the month> if
you wrote a cheq11e or
deposited mone)~ for example.
T he date when that ttansaction
happened is 011 the left.
Rami: And t.uhat d oes 'balance'
mean?
Aziz: Th e balance is the total that is
left i11 yout account after each
transaction. The first entry,
which says opening balance,
shows the amount that was in
yot-11 account at the begi1ming
of the month.

Rami: And under that it says cheque
11umher. ()() I . That must be a
cheque 1 wrote.
Aziz: Yes, and further down the1e
are more cheques. See?
Numbers 002, 003 and 004.
You t.urote a lot of cheques last
month!
Rarni : Yes. I remember no. 001 was
to m y dentist. T he others are
0 11 the same day. Th ose must
he from the day 1 went to the
mall. I bought some CDs,
some clothes and some
computer games by cheque
that day.
Aziz: Oh, can 1 see your games?
Ram i: Sure, but Ct111 you help m e with
the rest first?
Aziz: Yes, well, cash withdrawal
means you took money out of
your account, probably at an
ATM.
Rami : Yes, I did.
Aziz: A nd deposits are 1ransactions
when you put m c:mey into your
account.
Rami: Yes, that was my firs t pay
cheque from my new job.
g Section 18
Complete the definitions .
Bank ct11'd: a piece of plastic you can use
to pay for things or get money in the
street.
ATM: somewhere you can get money
using a bank card.
PIN: A secret number you can use with
a ba11k card to stop others using it.
Cheque: A piece of paper you can use to
pay for things.
-
Credit card: A piece of plastic you can
use to buy things and pay for them later.
Unit 6 Lesson 2
~ Section 19
Listen to the conversation between the
girl and a banker and tick the things
they talk about.
Girl : Good morning. I'd like some
information abollt opening an
account.
Woman
ban ker: Of course. \"Kihat kind of
account u.Jould you like to get?
Girl: Well, I'm not really sure. What
kinds of accounts do you
haue?
\Xloma n
hanker: Well., first of all, are you ewer
17?
Girl: Yes, I '111 18. Why ?
Wo ma n
ha nke r: \'i. ldl, we haue sf>ecial accounts
for peofJ!e under 17. But if
you're 18, you hatJe different
accounts to choose from. If
you get a s,wings account, you
get a credit card. The interest
is paid by the bank every
six months.
Girl: That sounds like a good
account. Can I get a cheque
book? I think I'll need a
cheque book to pay bills.
Woma n
bank er: No. Cheque hooks aren't
lOS
 prouided with a saztings
account. But you get a free
cheque book if you open a
current account.
Girl: And can I get an ATM card
too? 1 want to be able to get
cash easily.
\Xhlman
banker: Yes. The cards can be used 11t
any ATM 11u1chine in the
country. You can also make
withd1'awa ls all ouer the world
if you need money while
you're tratelling.
Gi rl: What do /need to do to open
an accou11t?
\X/oman
ban ker: You need to haue an identity
card and to defJOsit 60,000
iraqi dinars. If you have less
than 20/>00 iraqi dinars in
your account, we charge a fee
of 10,000 Iraqi dinars fJer
11'Z011th.
Girl: That's a lot of 1noney. I haven't
got a job. 1 'm t7 student, rm
starting tmiuersity next
autumn.
\XIoman
ban ker: Oh . then you should get a
Unil'ersity student account.
You don't have to maintain a
minimum balance.
Girl: Do )'Oif have a branch near the
university?
Woman
ban ker: Yes, l'e do. It is being
renovated hut it will open
again next month.
Girl: That's great . I thi11l< 1'II open a
stude11t account then.
106
Unit 6 Lesson 4
Q Section 20
Listen to the conversations. Match
them with the pictures.
Conversation 1
Banker: Good m oming. Ccm I help you?
Customer: Yes., I don't /m ow what to do.
1've lost my handbag. lvly
wallet) w ith all my money a11d
bani<. cards. was in it.
Banker: Are you sure you 'ue lost it?
Couldn't you hme just left it at
home?
Customer: No . 1 de{7nitely had it when 1
was at the cafe. I was talking
to nry friend when we left and
I thh'lk I left it 011 the table.
Banker: Did yott go back to look for it?
Customer: Yes, it w,1sn't there. if 1 hadn't
been in such a hurl)~ I
would11't haue left it there!
Banker: D on't worry. If we cancel your
cards now, no one else will he
able to use them. New ones
will be se11t to you uery soon.
Conversation 2
Customer: Do )'Uti take credit cards?
Cash ier: I'm sorry, we d011't.
Customer: Can I pay by cheque?
Cashier: No. we only take cash.
Cusromer: 1 didn't know that.
Cashier: Look) its o n the sign.
Cusromcr: Oh 110. If I 'd known that. 1
would hat'e brought cash .
Cashier: Wle/1, if )'O if went to the bank
in the next street. you could
get cash from the ATtv1.
C usto mer: Than!::. you very much.
Conversation 3
Wairer: 1'm SOIT)~ sir. Your credit card
isn't worbng.
Cusromer: Could you try it again, please?
It worked yesterd,1y.
\'\fairer: I'm sorry, it still isn't working.
Sometimes if you put in the
wmng number several times, it
gets hloclud. O r you may have
reached 'your credit limit.
Wou ld you lilu to pay by
cheque inste"1d?
Customer: Yes, that sa good ide-?.
Conversation 4
Cusromer: Good morning. Can you help
me? My bank card didn't come
out of the ATM.
Banker: Of course. Can you give me
your '1ccowtt number? I"ll
check your account.
C ustomer: Yes, its 92671098. Does this
m.ean there's 110 money in my
aCCOitltt?
Banker: N o. If there 1.uas no money i11
your account. the machine
would still giue you your card
back. I see the problnn. Your
card has expired,
Cusromer: It has?
Ban ker: Yes. Today is April 5 and your
card was valid tmtil April 4 .
\\'le sent you a new card two
weeks ago.
Cusromer: 1 neuer receiued it.
Ba nker: \\le 11 c,mcelthat one and send
you a new one, then. You
should receiue it in three or
four days.
Unit 6 Lesson 6
g Section 21
Read and listen to the conversation.
Ahlam: Wlow! is that your car?
~ou r: Yes! Nice, isn't it? I bought it
yesterday. Do you want to go
for a drive? We could go to the
beach.
Ahl am: Sure, that's a great idea. I'd
l<we a car like this one. How
did you pay fur it?
1\'our: [ got a car loa11 .
Ahlam: That's a good idea. Maybe I
should do that. If I got a car
loan, would 1 haue to make a
big down payment?
Nour: No. I didn't f)a)' a11y money in
adva11ce at all. I iust have to
pay a certain amount eteJ-y
month.
Ahlam: That's even better! But the
m onthly i11stalme11ts must be
pretty high. What are they?
Jo ur: About 2 mil/inn iraqi dinars. it
wasn't that expensiue, because
it is11 't a 11ew em'.
Ah lam: It looks new!
N o ur : The ou.111er took re,1 fly good
care of it, It 's actually three
years old.
Ahlam: H ow long do ~ott have to pay
it back?
Nour: Fiue years.
Ahlam: That's a fo11g time. Won't it
cost )'Olf a lot in interest?
~ou r: Yeah . But it's worth it. This
sort of car is a real investment .
Tt won "t lose money. In lact, it
;nay even go up in l'alue.
Ah lam : Well, I suppose if's more
107
 enjoyable than putting your
money in the bank and waiting
for it to earn interest! .1\ilaybe I
should make an inuestm.ent
like this.
Nour: _H ere we are, The bead;. Do
you thinh 1 can fit into that
park.ing space?
Ahlam: Sure. Uh, no, maybe not. Oh
no. 1 think one of you1 lights is
broken.
Nour: Luchily, the loan also includes
free car insurance!
Unit 7 Lesson 2
~ Section 22
Listen to a conversation between
Hasan and his friend, Zaid.
Zaid: Hi, Hasan. J'm meeting
Abdulla at 7.00 to watch the
football gam.e. Why don't you
come with us?
Hasa n: Hi, Zaid. Thanks. J'd loue to
but I 'm afraid I can't. A.t 7.00
I'll be sitting in an English
class, listening to m.y teacher!
Zaid: You'Jl be at school? I thought
you had a job.
Hasan: 1 do. But I-'m also stwiying at a
special language school to
improve my English. Classes
start at 6.00, so peofJle can
tal<e them even if they work. It
suits me fwrfectly.
Zaid: But your English is really good
now.
108
Hasan: Not good enou.gh. The
company I work for needs
fJeople whose English is fluent
so that they can go on business
trips to other countries. I 'm
going to work. on my English a
lot this year. rd really like the
opportunity to travel with my
joh.
Zaid: it must take ufJ a lot of your
time.
Hasan: It does. I spend four hours a
wee!< in class, and when I get
home I have to do a lot of
homeworh.
Zaid: I couldn't do that. When J get
home from worh I don 't want
to do anything. J just want to
relax!
Hasan: I know. It's hmd work and
pretty tiring, but it's worth it if
my English in-zproues. I'll get a
better job really quickly.
Zaid: Are the classes expensive?
Hasan: \'(!ell, yes. T hey cost 2 million
iraqi dinars. But the classes are
fun. And speaking better
English will !Jelp me when hn
011 holiday in other countries,
too. rm actually quite
enjoying studying again, too!

Unit 7 Lesson 4
g Section 23
Listen to Nisrin talking about her
summer class. Tick the reasons she liked
her class.
Nisrin: I took a class in secretarial
skills last summer, and I'm
very glad I did. \'i/hen I
finish ed sehoul in .June, I just
didn't kmm.1 u.1hat I wanted to
do. I thought I'd study history
and become c1 t eache1~ but I
wanted time to think about it.
I decided to get a job, so I
enrolled in the class on
secretarial skills. I enjoyed it a
lot because I learnt so many
11ew things. I kneu a little
about comfmters when I
started, hut in the class I learnt
about all sorts of new
programs, and I learnt to t)1>e
much faster. The classes were
neve?' boring. Ou1' teacher was
great and explained everything
very clear!)' She 1.uas also very
l~ind and sometimes stayed
after class if someone had
more questicms. Wle usually
did!
Another reason I liked the
class is that we had uery
modern equipment, just like
the equipme11t we would be
using in our jobs. I liked the
other students, too. The class
was 110t too big, so we got to
know each other quite well.
Everybody uas very motiuated
-
to learn, mtd we all helped
each other. If one of us was
going to be absent, she told the
others so that we would make
copies of the class 11otes for
he1: The best thing about the
course is that it helped me find
a job uery quickly. I use all the
skills I leamt 0 11 the course.
Next, l thin!<. 1 'I/ study
business . U11til then, I haue a
job as a secreta ry that I enjoy
Lll!1)' 11111Ch.
Unit 7 Lesson 6
~Section 24
Listen to five people talking about their
learning experiences.
Announcer: 01u
Sara: I wurk fnr a fatge company
that buys crafts in many
countries thm11ghout the
w orld. Th en we sell these
prodHcts all ouer Great
Britain. I wmked as a
secretary at the compm1y for
many years. I liked my job at
first, but then 1 decided 1
wanted to ha11e more
resfJcmsihility. I knew a lot
ahcmt tbe company and the
products we hu\~ but T couldn't
get a better job because I
couldn't speak any other
Languages. Our company does
a lot of business with the
109

Middle East, so 1 decided I
was going to leam Arabic. I
found a language school that
of[ered Arabic classes in the
evening, a11d I went there twice
a U'eek after work. lt took a
long time, but it r.eas great fun
and really interesting, and now
I haue a more exciting job. I
traue/ to the Middle East once
a month and 1neet the
craftsmen. My iob is to help
decide what products we bH)'.
Announcer: Two
Ahmad: I work for a company that
makes and sells petroleum
products. To 1'J'la!?.e sure that
our products are high-quality,
U.Je analyse them in our
laboratory. When 1 stmted at
the company, l was a
laboratory technician and 1
helped the scientists by
m easuring the fJroducts and
operating the machines. I was
a good worker, so my
employer said the company
would giue me on-the-job
training. 1 leamt much more
about laboratory procedures,
and n ow I supervise a team of
laboratory technicians.
Announcer: Three
Ch ri s: Art was always my favourite
class at school, but when I
started my job at the bank I
stopped d1awhrg and painting.
Th en one day l had lunch with
a friend who is a hanker too . 1
110
-
found out he was going to a
painting class that euening. l
went with him to see what it
was lili!.e, and J enjoyed it so
1nuch I enrolled immediately.
Now I go to my painting class
once a week . and I also paint
at home at weekends . It's
really relaxing and t.uho
knows, 1 1night sell some of
them one day!
Anno uncer: Four
Layla: Wlhen J left school, 1 had
trouble finding a job. My
father said I should take a
class in web design, but I
didn 't really want to. I kneu.;
the classes st~1rted in the
summe1~ and J wanted to go on
holiday with my friends. And I
didn't know a lot about
computers. I was mo1e
interested in fashion . and J
thought the classes would be
bming . But in the end, 1ny
father conuinced me and I
enrolled. I learnt a lo t and I
was su11lrised how much 7
enjoyed the class. Now I
maintain the website of a
f.."mwus clothing company .."md
I love my job.
Announcer: Five
Su ltan: I wm-ked for a removals
company for a year. 1 liked the
work, and I was very
disappointed to learn the
owner would be closing the
comtwny in the autumn, so I
decided to start my own
company. J\Iy friends didn t
think it was a good idea. T hey
said I would haue to work
ht7rder than if l worked for
somebody else. And they were
right. It was very difficult at
the begin11i11g. I had to spend
all the m oney I had saved on
office equitmumt and a
rem()uals van. I couldn't afford
to pay many emplo yees, so J
did most of I he work myself
That meant J couldn't spend
much time with my family and
frieuds. And if there was a
problem. it tuas my
responsihilit)' to fix it. I was
1/red and umrried all the time.
But it tl'as UlOrth it. My
company is doing well now,
and I am t/ery f)roud of my
work. I en;oy making all the
decisions, and the hest thing
ahout run11ing my ou.m
company is that J don't have to
dn ll'hat som eone else tells me
to do. 1 choose who 1 want to
work t.uith too, so I get along
with etJeryl>ody.
Unit 8 Lesson 2
\1 Section 25
Listen to a description of how waste
con be recycled. Complete the flow
chart with words from the box.
The recycling process has seueral stages.
First, the waste is sorted at home. The
mai11 ty/)(!S of waste are food waste,
g lass a11d g lass products, fJctfwr and
tJiastics. There are also sonze items (for
examfJie, batteries) that can11ot normally
be recycled. The waste is then placed i11
different bags, one for food waste,
another for glass, another for paper, and
so 011. These bt1gs are then placed
outside the house, where they are
collected by the refuse lorry and taken
to the U.'c1sle treatment plant. At the
waste treatme11t plant, all waste is
S.1Jarated into different types. T hen it is
careftrlly checlud, and any waste which
cannul he recycled is rem(>lled. The
u..1aste is then cleaned in special
111achines. Finally, it is taken to different
factories, where it is treated. Products
lilu glass, plastic and paper can all be
used again.
111
 Unit 8 Lesson 4 recycling programme. 1 like to feel I'm
making a difference in the quality of ou1
" Section 26 enuimnment by helping people reduce
Listen and check your answers. the ammmt of ruhbish we fJUt in landfill
Park ranger: sites or inci11erate.
I't'e been u;o,killg as a park ranger for
five years. I Love this iob because I laue Water quality planner:
animals. I spend a lot of my working A uater qua/it)' planner has an
hours outdoors, collecting informatioH important ioh, because water is so
about animals -where they are_, w hat imf.wttant in our lh,es. We drinl~ it ,
they are eating, if they are healthy. I also wash in it, cool~ with it a11d use it to
mak:.e sure that people respect the mles help plants grow. That's why our water
for pmtecting them. I don't allow must be as clean as possible. I am in
lnmters in the park, and remind uisitors charge of a team that collects water
not to leaL'C rubbish that can hurt the St7mples and nwkes sure that the water
wildlife. is clean. If there is a problem with the
water, I help identify the reason and
Health, safety and envi ronment manager : look for solutions.
1 wmk in a petrol refinery. l'm the
health, safety ,wd enuironment manage1:
Petrol is an important natural resource,
hut so are the air and water. There are
lots of rules that we hm/e to follow to
make sure that our refinery doesn't
damage the em,ironment. I also nzake
sure that the fJeo f;le at the 1e{inery u.JOrk
in safe conditions. It's an imtmrtant job_,
and I'm glad that 1 can h elp keep people
safe.

Recycl ing coordinaror:

As the recycling coordinator for my cit~~
Tmake sure that eLerybody understands
the imf)()rtance nf recycling. 1 give talks
to school groups and send people
brochures with recycling information,
such as which products to put in the
different coloured recycling bins. When
people reali::.e that recycling helps kee-p
the Earth clea11 fm future generations,
they usually 1.o ant to participate in the

11 2
 -
Wordlist Vocabulary irems marked wirh an :l<iterisl.. c) are nonresrable

a good experience 3.g

a good record LA

a ri ~ k y bu si n ess~' 6.10

accommodation .1.7

account 6. I

achic\'c ) . )

admi r (on a course } .1

' -
ad\'ice 1,

advise 6 ..\

a ! erred~

allergies ' ), -

ambirious

ankle l . l

annoyed with 3.5

11 3
 annual 3 .10

anything to declare? 5. l

app lication 3.2

a ppropri.arely': - . 10

appro \'e 6.)

approve of 3 . 3

archirecrure ~. 1

a rrest

astoun ded '' 1 . 10

AT M 6.1

atm osp here 5.6

attract (customers) fl.3

bala nce 6.1

114
 -

ban k card (, . I

ban k o nline h.6

ban k sta te ment 6. 1

be sick 1. 1

bil l (pay a -) (,. ~

blood 1. 1

hl ood pre-;~ u re 1.5

boa rd (v) ).6

board ing card 5. 1

bod y language: 7. 10

boredom ~ .6

hounce hack* _ I

brakes

115
 hranch

branch (ha nk - ) h.~

break eve n ~ 6. 1()

breathe '1.'1

brochu re ") .4

buried S.2

campaigns 1.7

ca ncel 6. I

can ne r bear: S. I 0

ca nteen ' 7

car hire ) . J

cash .,_J

catalogue'~ - . 10

charge (a fcc) r,.l

116
cha riry .'

charm -1.-

chase i.6

char ....7

cheared ) .2

checkups 1.-

cheque 6. 1

cheque hook 6 ..!

civilian

coach (v) 4.6

commir a crime

commun ica rion t2

compere .I

com peri ri ve sa lary ..j .6

117
 compound 5 .1

concentrate 8.1

conference 7. L

connection (lnrernet -) 7.7

conserving'c 3.2

considerable 4.6

considerably 5.3

considering 5.3

consist of 5.6

continuing education'' 7.3

convenienr 6.H

convey the sense':- 3 .10

COilVlllCe () _:)

corn':- 8.3

118
cosmetics 4. I

cover the ma J<>r

points'~ -1.1

crafts -.6

c.rea te a good/b ad
~

imp ress i on'~ .1.5

erea ti ve -1.-

c redit ca rd 6. I

credi t limit h.4

cnme scene

currency 6.)

curren t (accounr) r1. 2

declare

deforesta tion * ~. l

deminera lization* X.l

deny 5. 10

11 9
 deoxygenation* ~ . 1

deposi t (n, v) h . I

derai ls 3.7

d etecr I I

diabetes 1.10

diabetic 1.7

d ietary 3.7

disappear 3.)

di sappoint h ..)

d isastrous'' 8.1

di~connecr L>

discourage 3.3

dislike i.3

disobey ' 3

120
display ~.(\

displease( L~

di spose of

distru st L1

<.liay 1.1

do lphin l .J

down paymenr>} (d)

duration'' ~. 7

d u tv ) . I

ecosys re m '~ H.7

cfficicnr .I

enforce h.4

engmeenng t I

enhance - . 1

12 1
 enrol .I

ensure* 5. I 0

entertainm ent 'i .l1

eqL1i valenr 4.6

essenrial

evenrually ) . I 0

exceptionally 5.6

excessive* 1.5

exc hange rate 6. 5

excu rs1on 5.3

expert 6.3

expired 6.4

exporr (\') 4. 1

extend 5.3

122
 -

fainr 1.1

fed up wirh ). ~

financiall y minded: 6. Ill

fineart t l

fingerp rint

first aid 1.3

fir t6

fivc-srar hotel 5. I

fixed sum'~ 6.11)

flavour (gcr a
flaYou r of) ) .4

follow rhe law

foorprinr

found (a civilizarion): tl .7

123
 fracture 1 .1

furthermore 1.7

fu turi sti c ,;. 3.4

geology .3 .2
\...r .._ ~

gt ve up 1.4

gorge'- 8.7

graphic design 7.3

grind 8.3

handbag 6.4

headphones 3 .10

health club~ 4.2

heart arrack 5 . I 0

hostel 3.7

hydroelectric': 8.7

124
 .. 1.2
ice-skating

ideal ) .-

identify

impolite L.4

in plao,;te r 1.2

in demand t 10

in rhe ignirion

in the long r un '' ).4

1!1 COI1"l 1.2.

inconvenicnr: 6. -

indefin itely* S. l 0

independence u.;

i nefficienr J .4

inform atio n
techn ology 3. 1

125
 inha bited ).""

install

instalments (l.6

msurance (, .(:,

mrensne

mrcrcsr (, .2

interfere wirh '; 8.3

invention 1.1

111 vesngate

tmcsrrncnr fdl

in volve ).2

johoffer* 7
. 10

job proo;pect )

johseeker* - ~
l

126
JOin

JOlfltS 1. 1

keep in touch 4. I

knowledgea ble 6.3

landfl ll l:>.4

landscape S..l

last bur nor lea'>t* 1.7

law enfo rcement

level ].7

li brarian - .)

license pla te

limit X.l

live up ro my
expecrari ons'~ ). 3

Joan h.l

127
 -

~ -
loca[ions ) ,

lock

logging* 8.1

lose co nsciousness 1.1 0

I uxurious 5.2

ma111ratn '

maintain (a minimum
halance)* 6.2

major players'' 6. 1ll

majori ty ) . l 0

make eye contact': ) .S

management - ..5

mandarory* - .1

marshla nd* H.-

medical ~. )

128
metal detector )

migrate:- 8.7

llllnt 5.6

misspelr 6. 7

modernize 4 .2

motivate 4.6

movi e director 3 .6

navigation:- 8.7

nervous 3.6

nowa.days'' l. 6

occ upation 3.2

occur _.(,

octopus':- 5.6

officer ~. '\

129
 offspring 5.10

on the move': 5 . "I 0

open (an account) 6.2

operate 5 .7

opr for 3. 7

our of a job': 3 .10

overdraft fa cilities 6 .2

overlook>: 5.6

owner 6.6

package deal 5 .l

packed lunch 5.1

paramedics 1.10

park ranger 8.4

paSS\Vord 6 .7

130
pa~ (interest) 6.2.

pay back (1,(,

pension plan'' 6. I ()

perm ir (v) ~.7

persona I ) . I 0

personal rra me r* 4.6

persona lity .4

physical '\. I 0

physica l educ:ttion " -1.2

pickpocket:

Pit'\ r-..1

placement resr>t >

pl ease nnd e n c l osed~ 6. 7

131
 plentiful * S.J

plenry of 1.5

porenrially" 8.1

prior know ledge'' '7.4

profession ).(;

pro perry

punctual -1 . ~

purification* 3.2

pur aside ': 6. I 0

pu7.7.1ed I . I 0

qualifications 3.2

radar speed gun

rare (inrercsr - ) 6.2

rea lize a profit'' 6. I0

132
recall ).10

regain consciom.neso; 1.10

regional
'-
" 5.6

register (for a co urse) 7. 1

regu lar savers'' (1 . 10

regulations ~.4

relationships ). I 0

relaxed 1.4

remov als'' -.11

renewab le ~. 1

r eplace X. l

rescue 1.6

r esea rc h ) .4

reservo ir'' H.7

133
 -

responsibi lity 6. ~

revised esti mate * -1 . 1

robbed

r outin e 5. 10

sa risfr. in ...g 6 .3

...
scared of heighrs'~
...
). )

sca ry J .~

scienrinc research t I

screens tlO

seafront 5. J

secunry camera

self-catering apa rtment 5. 1

134
 -

self-d isci plined ."

)

self-service ) .6

senrimcnra l valuer'

separare ~.2

set in '' 5.6

se\\'ing"' -. 10

sha rk 1.3

shifr (w ork -) - . ..,

shou lder J. J

sightseeing ). 1

s1gn a conrracr l. I

situated ) .-

ski resort ) . I

slang ..J.I

135
 -

sneeze 1.1

solid

solo t-t

specia li ty 5 .6

spccracu lar ) .(,

spoi l 8.3

spreadsheet

c;carc (\') -u~

stressfu l ~ .I

srroke: ).JO

sufficient* 5 .I 0

suit (v) 1.7

supervise

suppo rt 7.)

136
 -

surgeon J.4

surroun dings '\.-

swallow 1. 1

swollen l. l

tailored ro ' 1.7

rake up 1.4

rerms and co nditi on~" t.f,

rhe avi:uion industl')' ) . 1

rhc environme nt 1. 1

the media ). J

th oroughly ) .3

rhroughour ) .'""

tirle ) .7

137
 ronoa,ail;l> 1.10

tram as 1.3

rra nsacrion 6. I

rransfer S.6

travel agency ~. I

rravcl lcr's cheques h.'

rrearmenr I. 1

trekking* ~. I 0

trip ove r 1.)

try on J .4

tu rbi ne X. 1

t\\'O-<;ror e)' ) .6

unattended

unbel ievab ly 5 .2

138
 -

under p ress ure': 3. 10

un fai r 1.4

unfortu nate 1.4

un he<l lthy 1.4

unplea!>ant 1.4

un usua l 1.4

, ,
upscr ) .,)

vacancv 1.6

va lid (vi

va lu ables::

vancry 5.6

\'enue A

v iral '~ -\ . 10

139
 wards 1.1 0

web design
....
'"I"'" .J;

well-paid 3.1

wisely 8. 1

withdra\val 6.1

witness (n) 1 1

workaholic': 5.10

\VOrth it 3.8

wouldn't hesitate to
recommend'' 5.3

\Vrist 1.1

140
Notes

141
142
143
Published by
Garnet Publ is hi ng Ltd.
8 SOlJlhern Court, South Street,
Reading RG l 4QS, UK

First edition, copyrig ht 20 13 Garnet Pub lishing Ltd.

The right or the authors to be identified as authors oi this work has been asserted by them
in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form or by any means, e lectronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording,
or otherwise, withou t the p rior written permission o r the Pub lisher. Any person who does any
~Jna u t h orised act in relation to this publica li on may be liable to crimina l p rosecution and civil
cla ims for damages.

Photography
Clipart.co m; Corb is: Tony Arruza, Digital Art, Peter Beck, Ashley Cooper, Reuters,
Sukree Sukplang, Tim l adder; Getty Images: AFP;'Staff, altrendo images, Blend Images,
Douglas Mcfaddj Stringer; The University of Chicago Library; istockphoto.com; shutterstock.com;
1 he World Health Organisation

Page 26, photograph of painllng by Faeq Hassan taken tram The Lilith Callery,
I) ttp: //www.a rth istorya rch ive. com/a rthistory!arab ic/1 raq i-Artim. h trnl.

P<~ge 85, photograph o f Moha mmed Khudhair taken from ANM News and AI Rowaee,
1Htp: i/anrn-news.net/ index.ph p/perm ali nk/25821.html and
hllp:/ /wwvv.alrowaee .com/ a rlic le. p h p? id=65.

Every effort has been made Lo trace the copyright holders and we apologize in advance for
any unintentional omissions. We will be happy to inserl the appropriate acknowledgements
in any subsequent editions.

IRQ13 SB 6thP

The Ministry of education would like to thank the following specialists for their invaluable
advice, expertise and hard work in support or the Editorial and Adaptation Committee
during the course of the project:

Sajeda Naser Khudair - Sen1or Education Specialist

Faten Fakhri Khalaf- Primary Education Supervisor
Em an Selma n Fa rha n- Teac her of Eng lish
Hala Talib Ham mood- Teac her o r English
Components of English for Iraq, 6th l'reparatory
Student's Book
Activity Book
Teacher's Book
Audio

The Student's Book presents new language and provides opportunities to

practise English using a wide variety of reading and listening materials. Reading
texts include websites, e-mails, articles, leaflets, reports with graphs and tables,
guidebooks and advertisements. The students listen to dialogues, talks, phone
calls, news items and discussions. The topics featured reflect the age and interest
of the students and draw upon their knowledge and experience of the world.
The Student's Book also includes a Grammar and Functions Reference section,
giving detailed explanations and examples of the language points covered in the
course, and a Literature Focus.

The Activity Book contains stimulating activities to consolidate vocabulary

and grammar, develop phonic awareness and practise the four skills. The
students have the opportunity to personalize the language presented in the
Student's Book, take part in communicative speaking activities and carry out
structured writing tasks. The Activity Book also has end-of-unit tests that can be
used to monitor the students' progress.

The Teacher's Book contains an introduction with practical advice and

procedures for using the course effectively. The underlying methodology is
explained, and the teaching techniques used in the course are highlighted.
Step-by-step procedures for individual lessons provide a solid framework for
lesson preparation. Photocopiable role-play activities are included to help
develop spoken fluency. Appendices at the end of the book provide an
essential reference for the teacher.

The Aud io extracts comprise rec~rdings of all the listening texts, exercises,
tests and phonic work in the Student's Book and Activity Book.

l~lnmmlllrmllllllrl
TKC002689
Editorial and Adaptation Committee
Ministry of Education English Curriculum Committee
Malek Mohamed juda- Head of the English Curriculum
Adil Ali Moussa - Senior Education Specialist
Muayyad Naji Ahmed - Head of English Department in the Open Ed ucation College

arne t Ramzi Nouri Abdullah - Senior Education Specialist

Batool Faeq Abdulwahid - Senior Education Specialist