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>WhatisthemainpurposeofaDNSserver?
Mob:9739779124 DNSserversareusedtoresolveFQDNhostnames
intoIPaddressesandviceversa.
Navigation
Home >Whatistheportnoofdns?
1.INTERVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS 53.
2.DOMINO SERVER COMMANDS.......
3.KEYBOARD SHORTCUTS....
>WhatisaForwardLookup?
4.DFS...
ResolvingHostNamestoIPAddresses.
5.INTERESTING TIPS & TRICKS(REGISTRY)...
>WhatisReverseLookup?
6.INTERNET CONNECTION SHARING IN
It?safilecontainshostnamestoIPmapping
WINDOWS SERVER 2003...
information.
7.LOTUS DOWNLOADS...
8.PORT NUMBERS... >WhatisaResourceRecord?
9.RAID DEMO... Itisarecordprovidestheinformationaboutthe
10.RAID DETAILS... resourcesavailableintheN/Winfrastructure.
11.RECOVERY CONSOLE COMMANDS...
12.RIS... >Whatarethediff.DNSRoles?
13.RUN COMMANDS... StandardPrimary,StandardSecondary,&AD
14.VPN Coniguration In Server 2003... Integrated.
15.WINDOWS NT RELEASES...
16.WINDOWS XP SERVICES... >WhatisaZone?
17.WSUS OPERATIONS... ZoneisasubtreeofDNSdatabase.
18.WSUS STEP BY STEP...
>Secureservicesinyournetworkrequire
19.XP OPTIMIZATION GUIDE...
reversenameresolutiontomakeitmore
20.XP TRICKS...
difficulttolaunchsuccessfulattacksagainst
21.XP UNIVERSAL PRODUCT KEY...
theservices.Tosetthisup,youconfigurea
22.LOTUS QUICK REFERENCE..
reverselookupzoneandproceedtoadd
23.LDAP
records.Whichrecordtypesdoyouneedto
24.GROUP TYPES AND SCOPES IN SERVER
2003 create?
25.FUNCTIONAL LEVELS IN SERVER 2003 PTRRecords
26.BLOCK USB FLASH DRIVE BY GPO
>SOArecordsmustbeincludedineveryzone.
27.BLOCK USB DRIVE VIA REGISTRY
Whataretheyusedfor?
28.INTERVIEW QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
SOArecordscontainaTTLvalue,usedbydefaultin
(GENERAL)
allresourcerecordsinthezone.SOArecords
29.ALL ABOUT DNS...
containtheemailaddressofthepersonwhois
30.VERITAS ADMINISTRATION
responsibleformaintainingthezone.SOArecords
31.IP SECURITY POLICY
containthecurrentserialnumberofthezone,which
33.BOOTING PROCESS
isusedinzonetransfers.
34. HOW TO CONFIGURE GMAIL IN
OUTLOOK
35.PREVENT E-MAIL MESSAGE
RECIPIENTS FROM USING REPLY ALL OR
FORWARD...
36.RECALL OR REPLACE A MESSAGE YOU
HAVE ALREADY SENT....
37.MAXIMUM SIZE OF A .PST FILE AND
MORE IN OUTLOOK....
38.DISABLE AND REMOVE WINDOWS
GENUINE ADVANTAGE NOTIFICATIONS NAG
SCREEN
39.HOW TO CHANGE THE PRODUCT KEY
FOR OFFICE XP, FOR OFFICE 2003, AND FOR
THE 2007 OFFICE SYSTEM
40.TO AVOID "CHKDSK" WHICH STARTS
AUTOMATICALLY ,WHILE BOOTING
WINDOWS
41."The Windows Installer service could
not be accessed" ERROR MESSAGE WHEN
YOU TRY TO INSTALL OFFICE
42.DISABLE ANNOYING "RESTART
NOTIFICATION" AFTER WINDOWS UPDATE
43.EXCHANGE SERVER TIPS:
44."Windows cannot display Windows
Firewall settings" error while accessing
Firewall settings" IN WINDOWS XP
45.COPY USER PROFILES IN WINDOWS XP
46.UNABLE TO VIEW INTERNET
SHORTCUTS..
47.UNDERSTANDING BLUE SCREEN OF
DEATH ERROR..
48.DOMAIN RENAMING...
49.HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS FOR
VARIOUS OPERATING SYSTEMS...
50.WINDOWS PRODUCT ACTIVATION...
51.WINDOWS ACTIVATION KILLER
52.HOW TO BACK UP OUTLOOK EXPRESS
ITEMS..
53.HOW TO DISABLE THE ANNOYING
"http://runonce.msn.com/runonce2.aspx
54.ACTIVE DESKTOP RECOVERY
55.HOW TO DISABLE RIGHT CLICK (MOUSE)
56.HOW TO EASILY DISABLE "REPLY TO ALL
AND FORWARD" IN OUTLOOK
57.MICROSOFT Fix it
58.WINDOWS GROUPS OVERVIEW
59.ENTERPRISE VAULT
60.HOW TO SETUP A LOCAL FTP SERVER IN
WINDOWS 7
61.HOW TO FIX A STUCK WINDOWS
UPDATE
62.WINDOWS ACTIVE DIRECTORY
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS -PART 1
63.WINDOWS ACTIVE DIRECTORY
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS -PART 2
>Bydefault,ifthenameisnotfoundinthe
cacheorlocalhostsfile,whatisthefirststep
theclienttakestoresolvetheFQDNnameinto
anIPaddress?
Performsarecursivesearchthroughtheprimary
DNSserverbasedonthenetworkinterface
configuration.
>Whatisprimary,Secondary,stub&AD
IntegratedZone?
PrimaryZone:zonewhichissavedasnormaltext
filewithfilename(.dns)inDBSfolder.Maintainsa
read,writecopyofzonedatabase.
SecondaryZone:maintainsareadonlycopyof
zonedatabaseonanotherDNSserver.Providesfault
toleranceandloadbalancingbyactingasbackup
servertoprimaryserver.
Stubzone:containsacopyofnameserverand
SOArecordsusedforreducingtheDNSsearch
orders.Providesfaulttoleranceandloadbalancing.
>HowdoyoumanuallycreateSRVrecordsin
DNS?
Thisisonwindowsservergotorun>
dnsmgmt.mscrightclickonthezoneyouwantto
addsrvrecordtoandchoose"othernewrecord"
andchooseservicelocation(srv).
>WhatisthemainpurposeofSRVrecords?
SRVrecordsareusedinlocatinghoststhatprovide
certainnetworkservices.
>Beforeinstallingyourfirstdomaincontroller
inthenetwork,youinstalledaDNSserverand
createdazone,namingitasyouwouldname
yourADdomain.However,afterthe
installationofthedomaincontroller,youare
unabletolocateinfrastructureSRVrecords
anywhereinthezone.Whatisthemostlikely
causeofthisfailure?
Thezoneyoucreatedwasnotconfiguredtoallow
dynamicupdates.ThelocalinterfaceontheDNS
serverwasnotconfiguredtoallowdynamic
updates.
>Whichofthefollowingconditionsmustbe
satisfiedtoconfiguredynamicDNSupdatesfor
legacyclients?
Thezonetobeusedfordynamicupdatesmustbe
configuredtoallowdynamicupdates.TheDHCP
64.ALL ABOUT WINDOWS 8
65.AVAYA TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE
66.WINDOWS DESKTOP INTERVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
67.RAID LEVELS
68.DHCP INTERVIEW QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
69.DNS INTERVIEW QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
servermustsupport,andbeconfiguredtoallow,
dynamicupdatesforlegacyclients.
>Atsomepointduringthenameresolution
process,therequestingpartyreceived
authoritativereply.Whichfurtheractionsare
likelytobetakenafterthisreply?
Afterreceivingtheauthoritativereply,theresolution
processiseffectivelyover.
>Name3benefitsofusingADintegrated
zones.
ActiveDirectoryintegratedDNSenablesActive
DirectorystorageandreplicationofDNSzone
databases.Windows2000DNSserver,theDNS
serverthatisincludedwithWindows2000Server,
accommodatesstoringzonedatainActiveDirectory.
WhenyouconfigureacomputerasaDNSserver,
zonesareusuallystoredastextfilesonname
serversthatis,allofthezonesrequiredbyDNSare
storedinatextfileontheservercomputer.
ThesetextfilesmustbesynchronizedamongDNS
nameserversbyusingasystemthatrequiresa
separatereplicationtopologyandschedulecalleda
zonetransferHowever,ifyouuseActiveDirectory
integratedDNSwhenyouconfigureadomain
controllerasaDNSnameserver,zonedataisstored
asanActiveDirectoryobjectandisreplicatedas
partofdomainreplication.
>Yourcompanyusestendomaincontrollers,
threeofwhicharealsousedasDNSservers.
YouhaveonecompanywideADintegrated
zone,whichcontainsseveralthousand
resourcerecords.Thiszonealsoallows
dynamicupdates,anditiscriticaltokeepthis
zoneuptodate.Replicationbetweendomain
controllerstakesupasignificantamountof
bandwidth.Youarelookingtocutbandwidth
usageforthepurposeofreplication.What
shouldyoudo?
ChangethereplicationscopetoallDNSserversin
thedomain.
>Youareadministeringanetworkconnected
totheInternet.Youruserscomplainthat
everythingisslow.Preliminaryresearchofthe
problemindicatesthatittakesaconsiderable
amountoftimetoresolvenamesofresources
ontheInternet.Whatisthemostlikelyreason
forthis?

DNSserversarenotcachingreplies..Localclient
computersarenotcachingrepliesThecache.dns
filemayhavebeencorruptedontheserver.

>WhatarethebenefitsofusingWindows2003
DNSwhenusingADintegratedzones?

IfyourDNStopologyincludesActiveDirectory,use
ActiveDirectoryintegratedzones.ActiveDirectory
integratedzonesenableyoutostorezonedatain
theActiveDirectorydatabase.Zoneinformation
aboutanyprimaryDNSserverwithinanActive
Directoryintegratedzoneisalwaysreplicated.

BecauseDNSreplicationissinglemaster,aprimary
DNSserverinastandardprimaryDNSzonecanbe
asinglepointoffailure.InanActiveDirectory
integratedzone,aprimaryDNSservercannotbea
singlepointoffailurebecauseActiveDirectoryuses
multimasterreplication.

Updatesthataremadetoanydomaincontrollerare
replicatedtoalldomaincontrollersandthezone
informationaboutanyprimaryDNSserverwithinan
ActiveDirectoryintegratedzoneisalways
replicated.
ActiveDirectoryintegratedzones:Enableyouto
securezonesbyusingsecuredynamicupdate.

Provideincreasedfaulttolerance.EveryActive
Directoryintegratedzonecanbereplicatedtoall
domaincontrollerswithintheActiveDirectory
domainorforest.AllDNSserversrunningonthese
domaincontrollerscanactasprimaryserversfor
thezoneandacceptdynamicupdates.

Enablereplicationthatpropagateschangeddata
only,compressesreplicateddata,andreduces
networktraffic.IfyouhaveanActiveDirectory
infrastructure,youcanonlyuseActiveDirectory
integratedzonesonActiveDirectorydomain
controllers.IfyouareusingActiveDirectory
integratedzones,youmustdecidewhetherornot
tostoreActiveDirectoryintegratedzonesinthe
applicationdirectorypartition.

YoucancombineActiveDirectoryintegratedzones
andfilebasedzonesinthesamedesign.For
example,iftheDNSserverthatisauthoritativefor
theprivaterootzoneisrunningonanoperating
systemotherthanWindowsServer2003or
Windows2000,itcannotactasanActiveDirectory
domaincontroller.Therefore,youmustusefile
basedzonesonthatserver.However,youcan
delegatethiszonetoanydomaincontrollerrunning
eitherWindowsServer2003orWindows2000.
>YouinstalledanewADdomainandthenew(and
first)DChasnotregistereditsSRVrecordsinDNS.
Nameafewpossiblecauses.

ThemachinecannotbeconfiguredwithDNSclienther
own.
TheDNSservicecannotberun.

>WhatarethebenefitsandscenariosofusingStub
zones?

Understandingstubzones
Astubzoneisacopyofazonethatcontainsonlythose
resourcerecordsnecessarytoidentifytheauthoritative
DomainNameSystem(DNS)serversforthatzone.
Astubzoneisusedtoresolvenamesbetweenseparate
DNSnamespaces.Thistypeofresolutionmaybe
necessarywhenacorporatemergerrequiresthatthe
DNSserversfortwoseparateDNSnamespacesresolve
namesforclientsinbothnamespaces.

Astubzoneconsistsof:
?Thestartofauthority(SOA)resourcerecord,name
server(NS)resourcerecords,andtheglueAresource
recordsforthedelegatedzone.TheIPaddressofoneor
moremasterserversthatcanbeusedtoupdatethestub
zone.Themasterserversforastubzoneareoneormore
DNSserversauthoritativeforthechildzone,usuallythe
DNSserverhostingtheprimaryzoneforthedelegated
domainname.

Usestubzonesto:
?Keepdelegatedzoneinformationcurrent.
Byupdatingastubzoneforoneofitschildzones
regularly,theDNSserverhostingboththeparentzone
andthestubzonewillmaintainacurrentlistof
authoritativeDNSserversforthechildzone.

?Improvenameresolution.
StubzonesenableaDNSservertoperformrecursion
usingthestubzone'slistofnameserverswithout
needingtoquerytheInternetorinternalrootserverfor
theDNSnamespace.

?SimplifyDNSadministration.
ByusingstubzonesthroughoutyourDNSinfrastructure,
youcandistributealistoftheauthoritativeDNSservers
forazonewithoutusingsecondaryzones.However,stub
zonesdonotservethesamepurposeassecondaryzones
andarenotanalternativewhenconsideringredundancy
andloadsharing.

TherearetwolistsofDNSserversinvolvedintheloading
andmaintenanceofastubzone:

?ThelistofmasterserversfromwhichtheDNSserver
loadsandupdatesastubzone.Amasterservermaybea
primaryorsecondaryDNSserverforthezone.Inboth
cases,itwillhaveacompletelistoftheDNSserversfor
thezone.

?ThelistoftheauthoritativeDNSserversforazone.
Thislistiscontainedinthestubzoneusingnameserver
(NS)resourcerecords.WhenaDNSserverloadsastub
zone,suchaswidgets.example.com,itqueriesthe
masterservers,whichcanbeindifferentlocations,for
thenecessaryresourcerecordsoftheauthoritative
serversforthezonewidgets.example.com.Thelistof
masterserversmaycontainasingleserverormultiple
serversandcanbechangedanytime.

>Whatarethebenefitsandscenariosofusing
ConditionalForwarding?
RatherthanhavingaDNSserverforwardallqueries
itcannotresolvetoforwarders,theDNSservercan
forwardqueriesfordifferentdomainnamesto
differentDNSserversaccordingtothespecific
domainnamesthatarecontainedinthequeries.
Forwardingaccordingtothesedomainname
conditionsimprovesconventionalforwardingby
addingasecondconditiontotheforwarding
process.

Aconditionalforwardersettingconsistsofadomain
nameandtheIPaddressofoneormoreDNS
servers.ToconfigureaDNSserverforconditional
forwarding,alistofdomainnamesissetuponthe
WindowsServer2003basedDNSserveralongwith
theDNSserverIPaddress.WhenaDNSclientor
serverperformsaqueryoperationagainsta
WindowsServer2003basedDNSserverthatis
configuredforforwarding,theDNSserverlooksto
seeifthequerycanberesolvedbyusingitsown
zonedataorthezonedatathatisstoredinits
cache,andthen,iftheDNSserverisconfiguredto
forwardforthedomainnamethatisdesignatedin
thequery(amatch),thequeryisforwardedtothe
IPaddressofaDNSServerthatisassociatedwith
thedomainname.IftheDNSserverhasnodomain
namelistedforthenamethatisdesignatedinthe
query,itattemptstoresolvethequerybyusing
standardrecursion.

>Whatisthe224.0.1.24addressusedfor?
WINSservergroupaddress.Usedtosupportauto
discoveryanddynamicconfigurationofreplication
forWINSservers.Formoreinformation,seeWINS
replicationoverviewWINSservergroupaddress.
Usedtosupportautodiscoveryanddynamic
configurationofreplicationforWINSservers.

>DescribetheimportanceofDNStoAD?
WhenMicrosoftbegandevelopmentonActive
Directory,fullcompatibilitywiththedomainname
system(DNS)wasacriticalpriority.ActiveDirectory
wasbuiltfromthegroundupnotjusttobefully
compatiblewithDNSbuttobesointegratedwithit
thatonecannotexistwithouttheother.Microsoft's
directioninthiscasedidnotjusthappenbychance,
butbecauseofthecentralrolethatDNSplaysin
InternetnameresolutionandMicrosoft'sdesireto
makeitsproductlinesembracetheInternet.

Whilefullyconformingtothestandardsestablished
forDNS,ActiveDirectorycanexpanduponthe
standardfeaturesetofDNSandoffersomenew
capabilitiessuchasADIntegratedDNS,which
greatlyeasestheadministrationrequiredforDNS
environments.Inaddition,ActiveDirectorycan
easilyadapttoexistinaforeignDNSenvironment,
suchasUnixBIND,aslongastheBINDversionis
8.2.xorhigher.WhenMicrosoftbegandevelopment
onActiveDirectory,fullcompatibilitywiththe
domainnamesystem(DNS)wasacriticalpriority.

ActiveDirectorywasbuiltfromthegroundupnot
justtobefullycompatiblewithDNSbuttobeso
integratedwithitthatonecannotexistwithoutthe
other.Microsoft'sdirectioninthiscasedidnotjust
happenbychance,butbecauseofthecentralrole
thatDNSplaysinInternetnameresolutionand
Microsoft'sdesiretomakeitsproductlinesembrace
theInternet.

>Whatisthe"inaddr.arpa"zoneusedfor?
InaDomainNameSystem(DNS)environment,itis
commonforauseroranapplicationtorequesta
ReverseLookupofahostname,giventheIP
address.Thisarticleexplainsthisprocess.The
followingisquotedfromRFC1035:"TheInternet
usesaspecialdomaintosupportgatewaylocation
andInternetaddresstohostmapping.Other
classesmayemployasimilarstrategyinother
domains.Theintentofthisdomainistoprovidea
guaranteedmethodtoperformhostaddresstohost
namemapping,andtofacilitatequeriestolocateall
gatewaysonaparticularnetworkontheInternet.

"ThedomainbeginsatINADDR.ARPAandhasa
substructurewhichfollowstheInternetaddressing
structure."DomainnamesintheINADDR.ARPA
domainaredefinedtohaveuptofourlabelsin
additiontotheINADDR.ARPAsuffix.Eachlabel
representsoneoctetofanInternetaddress,andis
expressedasacharacterstringforadecimalvalue
intherange0255(withleadingzerosomitted
exceptinthecaseofazerooctetwhichis
representedbyasinglezero).

"Hostaddressesarerepresentedbydomainnames
thathaveallfourlabelsspecified."ReverseLookup
filesusethestructurespecifiedinRFC1035.

Forexample,ifyouhaveanetworkwhichis
150.10.0.0,thentheReverseLookupfileforthis
networkwouldbe10.150.INADDR.ARPA.Anyhosts
withIPaddressesinthe150.10.0.0networkwill
haveaPTR(or'Pointer')entryin10.150.IN
ADDR.ARPAreferencingthehostnameforthatIP
address.AsingleINADDR.ARPAfilemaycontain
entriesforhostsinmanydomains.Considerthe
followingscenario.ThereisaReverseLookupfile
10.150.INADDR.ARPAwiththefollowingcontents:
Exp:1.20INPTRWS1.ACME.COM.

>WhataretherequirementsfromDNSto
supportAD?
WhenyouinstallActiveDirectoryonamember
server,thememberserverispromotedtoadomain
controller.ActiveDirectoryusesDNSasthelocation
mechanismfordomaincontrollers,enabling
computersonthenetworktoobtainIPaddressesof
domaincontrollers.DuringtheinstallationofActive
Directory,theservice(SRV)andaddress(A)
resourcerecordsaredynamicallyregisteredinDNS,
whicharenecessaryforthesuccessfulfunctionality
ofthedomaincontrollerlocator(Locator)
mechanism.
Tofinddomaincontrollersinadomainorforest,a
clientqueriesDNSfortheSRVandADNSresource
recordsofthedomaincontroller,whichprovidethe
clientwiththenamesandIPaddressesofthe
domaincontrollers.Inthiscontext,theSRVandA
resourcerecordsarereferredtoasLocatorDNS
resourcerecords.

Whenaddingadomaincontrollertoaforest,you
areupdatingaDNSzonehostedonaDNSserver
withtheLocatorDNSresourcerecordsand
identifyingthedomaincontroller.Forthisreason,
theDNSzonemustallowdynamicupdates(RFC
2136)andtheDNSserverhostingthatzonemust
supporttheSRVresourcerecords(RFC2782)to
advertisetheActiveDirectorydirectoryservice.For
moreinformationaboutRFCs,seeDNSRFCs.

IftheDNSserverhostingtheauthoritativeDNS
zoneisnotaserverrunningWindows2000or
WindowsServer2003,contactyourDNS
administratortodetermineiftheDNSserver
supportstherequiredstandards.Iftheserverdoes
notsupporttherequiredstandards,orthe
authoritativeDNSzonecannotbeconfiguredto
allowdynamicupdates,thenmodificationis
requiredtoyourexistingDNSinfrastructure.
Formoreinformation,seeChecklist:VerifyingDNS
beforeinstallingActiveDirectoryandUsingthe
ActiveDirectoryInstallationWizard.

Important
TheDNSserverusedtosupportActiveDirectory
mustsupportSRVresourcerecordsfortheLocator
mechanismtofunction.Formoreinformation,see
Managingresourcerecords.Itisrecommendedthat
theDNSinfrastructureallowsdynamicupdatesof
LocatorDNSresourcerecords(SRVandA)before
installingActiveDirectory,butyourDNS
administratormayaddtheseresourcerecords
manuallyafterinstallation.AfterinstallingActive
Directory,theserecordscanbefoundonthe
domaincontrollerinthefollowinglocation:
systemroot\System32\Config\Netlogon.dns.

>Whatdoesazoneconsistof&whydowe
requireazone?
Zoneconsistsofresourcerecordsandwerequire
zoneforrepresentingsites.

>WhatisCachingOnlyServer?
Whenweinstall2000&2003serveritisconfigured
ascachingonlyserverwhereitmaintainsthe
frequentlyaccessedsitesinformationandagain
whenweaccessthesamesitefornexttimeitis
obtainfromcachedinformationinsteadofgoingto
theactualsite.
>Whatisforwarder?
WhenoneDNSservercan?treceivethequeryitcan
beforwardedtoanotherDNSonceconfiguredas
forwarder.

>WhatissecondaryDNSServer?
ItisbackupforprimaryDNSwhereitmaintainsa
readonlycopyofDNSdatabase.

>HowtoenableDynamicupdatesinDNS?
Start>Program>Admintools>DNS>Zone
properties.

>WhatarethepropertiesofDNSserver?
INTERFACES,FORWARDERS,ADVANCED,
ROUTINGS,SECURITY,MONITORING,LOGGING,
DEBUGLOGGING.

>PropertiesofaZone?
General,SOA,NAMESERVER,WINS,Security,and
ZONETransfer.

>Whatisscavenging?
Findinganddeletingunwantedrecords.

>WhatareSRVrecords?
SRVaretheservicerecords,thereare6service
records.Theyareusefulforlocatingtheservices.

>WhatarethetypesofSRVrecords?
MSDCS:ContainsDCsinformation.
TCP:ContainsGlobalCatalog,Kerberos&LDAP
information.
UDP:ContainsSitesinformation.
Sites:ContainsSitesinformation.
DomainDNSZone:Conationsdomain?sDNSspecific
information.
ForestDNSzone:ContainsForest?sSpecific
Information.

>WheredoesaHostFileReside?
c:\windows\system32\drivers\etc.

>WhatisSOA?
StartofAuthority:usefulwhenazonestarts.
Providesthezonestartupinformation.

>Whatisaquery?
ArequestmadebytheDNSclienttoprovidethe
nameserverinformation.

>Whatarethediff.typesofQueries?
Recursion,iteration.

>ToolsfortroubleshootingDNS?
DNSConsole,NSLOOKUP,DNSCMD,IPCONFIG,
Logs.

>WhatisWINSserver?whereweuseWINS
server?differencebetweenDNSandWINS?
WINSiswindowsinternetnameserviceusedto
resolvetheNetBIOS(computername)nametoIP
address.ThisisproprietaryforWindows.Youcanuse
inLAN.DNSisaDomainNamingSystem,which
resolvesHostnamestoIPaddresses.Itusesfully
qualifieddomainnames.DNSisanInternet
standardusedtoresolvehostnames.

>WhatisnewinWindowsServer2003
regardingtheDNSmanagement?
WhenDCpromotionoccurswithanexistingforest,
theActiveDirectoryInstallationWizardcontactsan
existingDCtoupdatethedirectoryandreplicate
fromtheDCtherequiredportionsofthedirectory.

IfthewizardfailstolocateaDC,itperforms
debuggingandreportswhatcausedthefailureand
howtofixtheproblem.Inordertobelocatedona
network,everyDCmustregisterinDNSDClocator
DNSrecords.TheActiveDirectoryInstallation
WizardverifiesaproperconfigurationoftheDNS
infrastructure.AllDNSconfigurationdebuggingand
reportingactivityisdonewiththeActiveDirectory
InstallationWizard.

>SOArecordsmustbeincludedineveryzone.
Whataretheyusedfor?
SOArecordscontainaTTLvalue,usedbydefaultin
allresourcerecordsinthezone.SOArecords
containtheemailaddressofthepersonwhois
responsibleformaintainingthezone.SOArecords
containthecurrentserialnumberofthezone,which
isusedinzonetransfers.

Bydefault,ifthenameisnotfoundinthecacheor
localhostsfile,whatisthefirststeptheclienttakes
toresolvetheFQDNnameintoanIPaddress?
Performsarecursivesearchthroughtheprimary
DNSserverbasedonthenetworkinterface
configuration.

>HowdoIcleartheDNScacheontheDNS
server?
Gotocmdpromptandtypeipconfig/flushdns.
>WhatisthemainpurposeofSRVrecords?
SRVrecordsareusedinlocatinghoststhatprovide
certainnetworkservices.

>Beforeinstallingyourfirstdomaincontroller
inthenetwork,youinstalledaDNSserverand
createdazone,namingitasyouwouldname
yourADdomain.However,afterthe
installationofthedomaincontroller,youare
unabletolocateinfrastructureSRVrecords
anywhereinthezone.Whatisthemostlikely
causeofthisfailure?
Thezoneyoucreatedwasnotconfiguredtoallow
dynamicupdates.ThelocalinterfaceontheDNS
serverwasnotconfiguredtoallowdynamic
updates.

>Whatisthe"."zoneinmyforwardlookup
zone?
ThissettingdesignatestheWindows2000or
WindowsServer2003DNSservertobearoothint
serverandisusuallydeleted.Ifyoudonotdelete
thissetting,youmaynotbeabletoperform
externalnameresolutiontotheroothintserverson
theInternet.

>DoIneedtoconfigureforwardersinDNS?
No.Bydefault,Windows2000DNSusestheroot
hintserversontheInternethowever,youcan
configureforwarderstosendDNSqueriesdirectlyto
yourISP'sDNSserverorotherDNSservers.Mostof
thetime,whenyouconfigureforwarders,DNS
performanceandefficiencyincreases,butthis
configurationcanalsointroduceapointoffailureif
theforwardingDNSserverisexperiencing
problems.

Theroothintservercanprovidealevelof
redundancyinexchangeforslightlyincreasedDNS
trafficonyourInternetconnection.WindowsServer
2003DNSwillqueryroothintsserversifitcannot
querytheforwarders.

>ShouldIpointtheotherWindows2000
basedandWindowsServer2003based
computersonmyLANtomyISP'sDNS
servers?
No.IfaWindows2000basedorWindowsServer
2003basedserverorworkstationdoesnotfindthe
domaincontrollerinDNS,youmayexperience
issuesjoiningthedomainorloggingontothe
domain.AWindows2000basedorWindowsServer
2003basedcomputer'spreferredDNSsetting
shouldpointtotheWindows2000orWindows
Server2003domaincontrollerrunningDNS.
IfyouareusingDHCP,makesurethatyouview
scopeoption#15forthecorrectDNSserver
settingsforyourLAN.

>DoIneedtopointcomputersthatare
runningWindowsNT4.0orMicrosoft
Windows95,MicrosoftWindows98,or
MicrosoftWindows98SecondEditiontothe
Windows2000orWindowsServer2003DNS
server?
LegacyoperatingsystemscontinuetouseNetBIOS
fornameresolutiontofindadomaincontroller
howeveritisrecommendedthatyoupointall
computerstotheWindows2000orWindowsServer
2003DNSserverfornameresolution.

>WhatifmyWindows2000orWindows
Server2003DNSserverisbehindaproxy
serverorfirewall?
IfyouareabletoquerytheISP'sDNSserversfrom
behindtheproxyserverorfirewall,Windows2000
andWindowsServer2003DNSserverisableto
querytheroothintservers.UDPandTCPPort53
shouldbeopenontheproxyserverorfirewall.

>WhatshouldIdoifthedomaincontroller
pointstoitselfforDNS,buttheSRVrecords
stilldonotappearinthezone?
Checkforadisjointednamespace,andthenrun
Netdiag.exe/fix.
YoumustinstallSupportToolsfromtheWindows
2000ServerorWindowsServer2003CDROMto
runNetdiag.exe.

>HowdoIsetupDNSforachilddomain?
TosetupDNSforachilddomain,createa
delegationrecordontheparentDNSserverforthe
childDNSserver.Createasecondaryzoneonthe
childDNSserverthattransferstheparentzonefrom
theparentDNSserver.

NoteWindowsServer2003hasadditionaltypesof
zones,suchasStubZonesandforestlevel
integratedActiveDirectoryzones,thatmaybea
betterfitforyourenvironment.Setthechilddomain
controllertopointtoitselffirst.Assoonasan
additionaldomaincontrollerisavailable,setthe
childdomaincontrollertopointtothisdomain
 controllerinthechilddomainasitssecondary.

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