I

What is semiotics?

Is also called Semiology, the study of signs and sign-using behavior.

What is a Sign?

Peirce defined sign as something which stands to somebody for something.

What is a signified?
The signified is the concept of the sign.

What is the signifier?

The signifier is the form which the sign takes.

Why the signifier and the signified are inseparable?

The signifier and the signified are inseparable components to make up a sing.

How was Ferdinand de Saussure recognized?

As The Swiss linguist-Father of the20-century linguistics

When was born Pierce?

He was born on September 10, 1839

Which are the three classes of signs?

Symbol signifier does not look like the signified (fundamentally arbitrary or purely conventional)

Iconsignifierisperceivedthatislookinglikeorimitatingthesignified
Indexsignifier is directly connected in

What is Paradigmatic relationship?

Similarity of two signs at the level of signifier, signified or both.

What is Syntagmatic relationship?

The relations which a sign entertains with the other signs that surround within a concrete signifying
instance.

II

What was the contribution of Roland Barthes about semiotics?

His contribution were the Denotation and the connotation

Denotation is the first order signifying system and connotation is the Second order signifying system.

What is one example about denotation and connotation?

When someone say No

No is the denotation and the connotation is the meaning, everyone knew that No is negation.

How is known Jacques Derrida?

As the principal exponent of deconstruction.

Who is s Emile Benveniste?

He is a French structural linguistic and semiotican.

How is known Emile Benveniste?

He is best known for his work on Indo-European languages and his expansion of the linguistic paradigm
established by Ferdinand de Saussure.

Who was the first president of the International Association for Semiotic Studies?

The First President of the International Association for Semiotic Studies was Emile Benveniste.

III

Why the humans are Homo significans?

Because we are meaning-makers. Distinctively, we make meanings through our creation and
interpretation of 'signs'.

Why John Passmore said: Languages differ by differentiating differently?

Because languages are arbitrary as the paradigmatic and syntagmatic relationships differ to create
complete meaning in sentences (relationship among signs).

What are some examples of synonyms?

What is the difference between Type and Token?

The difference is that Types are the count of the different words used, ignoring repetition and Token
are the count of the total number of words used.
What are the general features of signs?

The sign is bifacial

perceptible (or sensible) intelligible (or rational)

Zero signs

Jakobson (1939) referred to this as the zero sign in linguistics --- It represents the nothingness like
the X in algebra or those symbols that can mean any number.

Token/Type, Denotation/Designation

What are the six species of signs?

1. Signal

2. Symptom

3. Icon

4. Index

5. Symbol

6. Name

What is the philosophical stance that academicians adopted regarding naming things?
The academicians adopted the philosophical stance of nave realism in assuming that words simply
mirror objects in an external world. They believed that words are only names of things
What is ISOMORPHISM?

What did Saussure think about language is a nomenclature?

What process can be called as reductionalist?

Are signified similar in one language to another one?

What did Saussure say about scientific disciplines and linguistics? How are they differents?

What is the SIGNIFIED according to the Sausserean model?

Explain Pierces theory that reality can only be known via signs

What are the three types of modality to refer to the truth of a value of sign?

What is Umberto Ecos point of view about semiotics? Explain.

From the point of view of social semiotics,What is truth?

What does modality refers to?

Is there a gap between the signifier and the signified in films,and photogtaphs? Explain.

What is Ien Angs point of view regarding watching soap operas in the TV?

Why Margrittes painting could be seen as a kind of defamiliarization?

According to general sematicians what is one of the reasons for the confusion between
signifiers and signifieds?

How a cow called Bessie can be interpreted in different levels of verbal abstraction?

Are maps and pictures of people all what we can know about them?

Television is frequently described as a window on the world and we usually assume that the
camera never lies. Do you agree with this? Explain