Lifting Lug

1Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation
Sample Calculation
Thickness of Lug (t) = 20 mm
Width of Lug (W) = 200 mm
Radius of Circular Section (R) = 100 mm
Diameter of Hole ( Dh) = 60 mm
Diameter of Pin ( Dp) = 57 mm
Distance from centre of hole to Welding (h)= 100 mm
Area of Cross Section = 20 x 200 = 4000
Length of Crack ( a ) = 4.5 mm
Distance from centre of hole to edge of crack = (Dh / 2 + a) =
Temperature (T) = 15 oC
Fracture Toughness ( k1c) = (60 + 0.2 T) Mpa. Sqrt(m)
For -140 < T < 150
K1c = 63 oC
Check For Geometry

We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm
We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm
We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm
By Yeild Theory
Yeild Strength of Plate = 345 MPa
Effective width of plate = 200 - 60- 2 x4.5 = 131
Tensile Load capacity = 0.9 x 345 x 131 x 20/1000 =
By Fracture Theory
K1c = Fd . s. Sqrt( p. a)
Fd = 0.5 x (3 - d) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 - d)3 ]
Where, d= a / (Dh / 2 + a)
d= 4.5 / (60/ 2 + 4.5) = 0.13
Fd = 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]

= 2.61
s= Load (P) = P / 4000 = 0.0003

Area
K1c = Fd . s . Sqrt( p . a)
63 = 2.61 x 0.00025P x sqrt(3.1416 x 0.0045)
Load ( P) = 812 kN
Temp = 30 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory
Load (P)
Length of Fracture (kN) -
Crack ( a ) Temperatu Toughness Fracture
(mm) (Dh / 2 + a) re (T) oC ( k1c) d = a / (Dh / 2 + a) Fd Theory
1 31 30 66 0.032 3.157 1492
1.5 31.5 30 66 0.048 3.059 1257
2 32 30 66 0.063 2.97 1121
2.5 32.5 30 66 0.077 2.89 1031
3 33 30 66 0.091 2.812 967
3.5 33.5 30 66 0.104 2.743 918
4 34 30 66 0.118 2.67 882
5 35 30 66 0.143 2.546 827
5.8 35.8 30 66 0.162 2.457 796
7 37 30 66 0.189 2.337 762
8 38 30 66 0.211 2.246 741
9 39 30 66 0.231 2.167 725
10 40 30 66 0.25 2.096 711
Load (P)
1 31 15 63 0.032 3.157 1424
1.5 31.5 15 63 0.048 3.059 1200
2 32 15 63 0.063 2.97 1070
2.5 32.5 15 63 0.077 2.89 984
3 33 15 63 0.091 2.812 923
3.5 33.5 15 63 0.104 2.743 876
4 34 15 63 0.118 2.67 842
4.5 34.5 15 63 0.13 2.61 812
6 36 15 63 0.167 2.434 754
7 37 15 63 0.189 2.337 727
8 38 15 63 0.211 2.246 708
9 39 15 63 0.231 2.167 692
10 40 15 63 0.25 2.096 678
Temp = Zero Degree Celcius Fracture Theory
Load (P)
1 31 0 60 0.032 3.157 1356
1.5 31.5 0 60 0.048 3.059 1143
2 32 0 60 0.063 2.97 1019
2.5 32.5 0 60 0.077 2.89 937
3 33 0 60 0.091 2.812 879
3.5 33.5 0 60 0.104 2.743 834
3.7 33.7 0 60 0.11 2.711 821
5 35 0 60 0.143 2.546 752
6 36 0 60 0.167 2.434 718
7 37 0 60 0.189 2.337 693
8 38 0 60 0.211 2.246 674
9 39 0 60 0.231 2.167 659
10 40 0 60 0.25 2.096 646
Temp = -15 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory
Load (P)
1 31 -15 57 0.032 3.157 1289
1.5 31.5 -15 57 0.048 3.059 1086
2 32 -15 57 0.063 2.97 968
2.5 32.5 -15 57 0.077 2.89 890
3 33 -15 57 0.091 2.812 835
3.1 33.1 -15 57 0.094 2.796 826
4 34 -15 57 0.118 2.67 762
5 35 -15 57 0.143 2.546 715
6 36 -15 57 0.167 2.434 682
7 37 -15 57 0.189 2.337 658
8 38 -15 57 0.211 2.246 640
9 39 -15 57 0.231 2.167 626
10 40 -15 57 0.25 2.096 614

Load (P)
1 31 -30 54 0.032 3.157 1221
1.5 31.5 -30 54 0.048 3.059 1029
2 32 -30 54 0.063 2.97 918
2.5 32.5 -30 54 0.077 2.89 843
2.6 32.6 -30 54 0.08 2.873 832
3.5 33.5 -30 54 0.104 2.743 751
4 34 -30 54 0.118 2.67 722
5 35 -30 54 0.143 2.546 677
6 36 -30 54 0.167 2.434 646
7 37 -30 54 0.189 2.337 623
8 38 -30 54 0.211 2.246 607
9 39 -30 54 0.231 2.167 593
10 40 -30 54 0.25 2.096 581

Load (P)
1 31 -45 51 0.032 3.157 1153
1.5 31.5 -45 51 0.048 3.059 971
2 32 -45 51 0.063 2.97 867
2.15 32.15 -45 51 0.067 2.947 842
3 33 -45 51 0.091 2.812 747
3.5 33.5 -45 51 0.104 2.743 709
4 34 -45 51 0.118 2.67 682
5 35 -45 51 0.143 2.546 639
6 36 -45 51 0.167 2.434 610
7 37 -45 51 0.189 2.337 589
8 38 -45 51 0.211 2.246 573
9 39 -45 51 0.231 2.167 560
10 40 -45 51 0.25 2.096 549
Kawish Shaikh P.Eng. UofC
> Dh/4 ; Hence OK

LOAD (P)
Crack
Length (a)
mm
100
> 1.5xDh ; Hence OK
mm
100
mm2
Both side of Hole 60 mm
Dia. hole
200
35 mm mm
Mpa. Sqrt(m) (60 for Steel WT Caterary 4)
> Dh/2 ; Hence OK

< 5t ; Hence OK
> 2t ; Hence OK
mm
814 kN
Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

Yeild
Fracture Theory Theory
Load (P)
Stress in Effective (kN)
the Net width of -Yeild Yeild
Section Plate (mm) Theory Stress (s) Crack Le
601 138 857 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture 1600
Load (kN)
458 136 845 345 Net Section will Yeild before Fracture
344 128.4 797 345 Net Section will Fracture
336 126 782 345 Net Section will Fracture 400
332 124 770 345 Net Section will Fracture
200
0 2
Yeild
Load (P)
Section Plate (mm) Theory Stress (s)
Yeild
Load (P)
Yeild
Load (P)
Yeild
Load (P)
Yeild
Load (P)
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 30 oC
1600
1400
Load (kN)
1200
1000 Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
800 Load (P) (kN) -Yeild
Theory
600
400
200
0 a (mm)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1600
1400
Load (kN)
1200
Crac
1000 Load (P) (kN) - 1600
Fracture Theory
Load (kN)
1400
Theory 1200
600
1000
400
800
200 600
0 a (mm) 400
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
200
0
0 2
0
0 2

1600
1400
Load (kN)
1200
1000 Load (P) (kN) -

Fracture Theory
Theory
600
400
200
0 a (mm)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -15 oC

1400
1200
Load (kN)
1000
Load (P) (kN) -
800 Fracture Theory
Load (P) (kN) -Yeild
600 Theory
400
200
0 a (mm)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1400
1200
(kN)
1400
1200
Load (kN)
1000
Load (P) (kN) -
800 Fracture Theory
600 Theory
400
200
0 a (mm)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1400
1200
Load (kN)
1000
Load (P) (kN) -
800 Fracture Theory
600 Theory
400
200
0 a (mm)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN)
1600
Load (kN)
1400 Temp = 30 Degree

Celcius
1200
Temp = 15 Degree
1000 Celcius
800 Temp = Zero Degree
Celcius
600
Temp = -15 Degree
400 Celcius
200 Temp = -45 Degree

Celcius
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
a (mm) Theory
Celcius
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
a (mm) Theory
1Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation
Sample Calculation
Thickness of Lug (t) = 20 mm
Width of Lug (W) = 200 mm
Radius of Circular Section (R) = 100 mm
Diameter of Hole ( Dh) = 60 mm
Diameter of Pin ( Dp) = 57 mm
Distance from centre of hole to Welding (h)= 100 mm
Area of Cross Section = 20 x 200 = 4000
Length of Crack ( a ) = 4.5 mm
Distance from centre of hole to edge of crack = (Dh / 2 + a) =
Temperature (T) = 15 oC
Fracture Toughness ( k1c) = (40 + 0.2 T) Mpa. Sqrt(m)
For -140 < T < 150
K1c = 43 oC
Check For Geometry

We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm
We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm
We =R- Dh/2 = 100 - 60/ 2 = 70 mm
By Yeild Theory
Yeild Strength of Plate = 345 MPa
Effective width of plate = 200 - 60- 2 x4.5 = 131
Tensile Load capacity = 0.9 x 345 x 131 x 20/1000 =
By Fracture Theory
K1c = Fd . s. Sqrt( p. a)
Fd = 0.5 x (3 - d) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 - d)3 ]
Where, d= a / (Dh / 2 + a)
d= 4.5 / (60/ 2 + 4.5) = 0.13
Fd = 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]

= 2.61
s= Load (P) = P / 4000 = 0.0003

Area
K1c = Fd . s . Sqrt( p . a)
43 = 2.61 x 0.00025P x sqrt(3.1416 x 0.0045)
Load ( P) = 554 kN
Load (P)
1 31 30 46 0.032 3.157 1040
1.5 31.5 30 46 0.048 3.059 876
2 32 30 46 0.063 2.97 782
2.5 32.5 30 46 0.077 2.89 718
3 33 30 46 0.091 2.812 674
3.5 33.5 30 46 0.104 2.743 640
4 34 30 46 0.118 2.67 615
5 35 30 46 0.143 2.546 577
5.8 35.8 30 46 0.162 2.457 555
7 37 30 46 0.189 2.337 531
8 38 30 46 0.211 2.246 517
9 39 30 46 0.231 2.167 505
10 40 30 46 0.25 2.096 495
Load (P)
1 31 15 43 0.032 3.157 972
1.5 31.5 15 43 0.048 3.059 819
2 32 15 43 0.063 2.97 731
2.5 32.5 15 43 0.077 2.89 672
3 33 15 43 0.091 2.812 630
3.5 33.5 15 43 0.104 2.743 598
4 34 15 43 0.118 2.67 575
4.5 34.5 15 43 0.13 2.61 554
6 36 15 43 0.167 2.434 515
7 37 15 43 0.189 2.337 496
8 38 15 43 0.211 2.246 483
9 39 15 43 0.231 2.167 472
10 40 15 43 0.25 2.096 463
Temp = Zero Degree Celcius Fracture Theory
Load (P)
1 31 0 40 0.032 3.157 904
1.5 31.5 0 40 0.048 3.059 762
2 32 0 40 0.063 2.97 680
2.5 32.5 0 40 0.077 2.89 625
3 33 0 40 0.091 2.812 586
3.5 33.5 0 40 0.104 2.743 556
3.7 33.7 0 40 0.11 2.711 547
5 35 0 40 0.143 2.546 501
6 36 0 40 0.167 2.434 479
7 37 0 40 0.189 2.337 462
8 38 0 40 0.211 2.246 449
9 39 0 40 0.231 2.167 439
10 40 0 40 0.25 2.096 431
Load (P)
1 31 -15 37 0.032 3.157 836
1.5 31.5 -15 37 0.048 3.059 705
2 32 -15 37 0.063 2.97 629
2.5 32.5 -15 37 0.077 2.89 578
3 33 -15 37 0.091 2.812 542
3.1 33.1 -15 37 0.094 2.796 536
4 34 -15 37 0.118 2.67 494
5 35 -15 37 0.143 2.546 464
6 36 -15 37 0.167 2.434 443
7 37 -15 37 0.189 2.337 427
8 38 -15 37 0.211 2.246 416
9 39 -15 37 0.231 2.167 406
10 40 -15 37 0.25 2.096 398

Load (P)
1 31 -30 34 0.032 3.157 769
1.5 31.5 -30 34 0.048 3.059 648
2 32 -30 34 0.063 2.97 578
2.5 32.5 -30 34 0.077 2.89 531
2.6 32.6 -30 34 0.08 2.873 524
3.5 33.5 -30 34 0.104 2.743 473
4 34 -30 34 0.118 2.67 454
5 35 -30 34 0.143 2.546 426
6 36 -30 34 0.167 2.434 407
7 37 -30 34 0.189 2.337 392
8 38 -30 34 0.211 2.246 382
9 39 -30 34 0.231 2.167 373
10 40 -30 34 0.25 2.096 366

Load (P)
1 31 -45 31 0.032 3.157 701
1.5 31.5 -45 31 0.048 3.059 591
2 32 -45 31 0.063 2.97 527
2.15 32.15 -45 31 0.067 2.947 512
3 33 -45 31 0.091 2.812 454
3.5 33.5 -45 31 0.104 2.743 431
4 34 -45 31 0.118 2.67 414
5 35 -45 31 0.143 2.546 389
6 36 -45 31 0.167 2.434 371
7 37 -45 31 0.189 2.337 358
8 38 -45 31 0.211 2.246 348
9 39 -45 31 0.231 2.167 340
10 40 -45 31 0.25 2.096 334
Kawish Shaikh P.Eng. UofC
> Dh/4 ; Hence OK

LOAD (P)
Crack
Length (a)
mm
100
> 1.5xDh ; Hence OK
mm
100
mm2
Both side of Hole 60 mm
Dia. hole
200
35 mm mm
Mpa. Sqrt(m) (40 for Steel W 350)
> Dh/2 ; Hence OK

< 5t ; Hence OK
> 2t ; Hence OK
mm
814 kN
Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

Yeild
Load (P)
Section Plate (mm) Theory Stress (s) Crack Le
Load (kN)
240 128.4 797 345 Net Section will Fracture 400
0 2
Yeild
Load (P)
Crack L
1200
Load (kN)
0 2
Yeild
Load (P)
the Net width of -Yeild Yeild Crack L
Section Plate (mm) Theory Stress (s) 1000
Load (kN)
700
600
200
0 2
Yeild
Load (P)
Stress in Effective (kN) Crack Le
900
Load (kN)
700
400
100
0 2
Yeild
Crack Le
900
800
(kN)
Load (P)
900
Load (kN)
700
400
100
0 2
Yeild
Load (P)
900
Load (kN)
700
400
100
0 2
1200
Load (kN)
1000
800
Load (P) (kN) -
Fracture Theory
Theory
400
200
0 a (mm)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

1200
Load (kN)
1000
Crac
800 1200
Load (P) (kN) -
Load (kN)
Fracture Theory
600 Load (P) (kN) -Yeild 1000
Theory
400 800
600
200
400
0 a (mm)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
200
0
0 2
0
0 2

1000
900
Load (kN)
800
700
600 Load (P) (kN) -
Fracture Theory
400 Theory
300
200
100
0 a (mm)
0 2 4 6 8 10 12

900
800
Load (kN)
700
600
Load (P) (kN) -
500 Fracture Theory
400 Theory
300
200
100
0
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12

900
800
(kN)
900
800
Load (kN)
700
600
Load (P) (kN) -
500 Fracture Theory
400 Theory
300
200
100
0
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12

900
800
Load (kN)
700
600
Load (P) (kN) -
500 Fracture Theory
400 Theory
300
200
100
0
0 2 4 a (mm)
6 8 10 12
Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN)
1200
Load (kN)
Temp = 30 Degree
1000 Celcius
800 Temp = 15 Degree

Celcius
600 Temp = Zero Degree
Celcius
Celcius
Celcius
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Theory
a (mm)
Celcius
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 Theory
a (mm)

Lifting Lug

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Lifting Lug

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1Lifting Lug Load Capacity Vs Crack length Calculation

Check For Geometry

Fd = 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]

s= Load (P) = P / 4000 = 0.0003

Temp = 30 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

Temp = 15 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

Temp = -15 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

Temp = -30 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

Temp = -45 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

> Dh/4 ; Hence OK

Mpa. Sqrt(m) (60 for Steel WT Caterary 4)

> Dh/2 ; Hence OK

Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

1000 Load (P) (kN) -

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 15 oC

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 0 oC

1000 Load (P) (kN) -

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -15 oC

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -30 oC

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -45 oC

1400 Temp = 30 Degree

200 Temp = -45 Degree

Check For Geometry

Fd = 0.5 x (3 -0.13) [ 1 + 1.243 x (1 -0.13)^3 ]

s= Load (P) = P / 4000 = 0.0003

Temp = 30 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

Temp = 15 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

Temp = -15 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

Temp = -30 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

Temp = -45 Degree Celcius Fracture Theory

> Dh/4 ; Hence OK

Mpa. Sqrt(m) (40 for Steel W 350)

> Dh/2 ; Hence OK

Crack Lenth (a) Vs Tensile Load (P)

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 15 oC

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for 0 oC

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -15 oC

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -30 oC

Crack Length (a) VS Lug Capacity (kN) for -45 oC

800 Temp = 15 Degree

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