R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.

UNIT I

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1) What is the difference between Refrigeration & Air Conditioning?

2) Define unit of refrigeration.
3) Convert 5 tonnes to KWs.
4) Write the chemical formula for R11.
5) Who is ice king?
6) What are the natural ways of refrigeration
7) Define GWP.
8) Define ODP.
9) Write Difference between refrigeration and air conditioning.
10) What is refrigeration? How does it differ from cooling?
11) The expansion process in the bell coleman cycle is ----------process
12) write the expression of cop for rev Carnot cycle
13) Draw Reversed Carnot cycle on p-v and T-S diagrams.
14) Write the needs of air-craft refrigeration system.
15) State any three desirable physical properties of a Refrigerant.
16) Give an example for hydrocarbon refrigerant.
17) Name the factors due to which temperature of aircraft cabin goes up.
18) Name the components used in Bootstrap aircraft refrigeration system.
19) Give an example for secondary refrigerant
20) Name the components used in simple aircraft refrigeration system.
21) Write the expression for C.O.P. of a Bell-Coleman cycle in terms of temperature when
compression and expansion are isentropic.
22) Mention the generalized nomenclature formula.
23) Give an example for ice refrigeration in your day to day life
24) Relation between COP of refrigerator and heat pump?
25) Draw Bell Coleman cycle on p-v and T-S diagrams.
26) Define primary and secondary refrigerants.
27) State any three desirable thermodynamic properties of a Refrigerant.
28) Explain Ram compression.
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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
29) What is an Azeotrope? Give examples.
30) Define dense air refrigeration.
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1.What is The relation between C.O.P of Refrigerator and Heat Pump

2.What is the difference between open air refrigeration and closed air refrigeration
3.Sketch the diagrams for Heat engine and heat pump
4.Mention two limitations of carnot air refrigeration
5.What is the chemical formula used in refrigeration nomenclature explain
6.Sketch the suitable diagram used in bellcolemen cycle
7.What are the classification of refrigerants
8.What is the selection criteria for a good refrigerant
9.Mention the types of Air refrigeration systems
10.Mention any two ancient refrigeration methods
FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Define the following:

(i) Refrigerating effect (ii) Unit of refrigeration (TR) (iii)Refrigerant
(iv) Refrigeration (v) C.O.P
2. Explain the working of Carnot cycle with neat P-V and T-S diagrams. Derive the expression for
its C.O.P.

3. Explain the working of Reversed Bell Coleman cycle with neat P-V and T-S diagrams.
Derive the expression for its C.O.P. if compression and expansion are: (i) isentropic, (ii)
polytropic
4. Write about the nomenclature of refrigerants with examples.

5. A refrigerating machine of 1 ton rating works on reversed carnot cycle. It requires 1.5 KW
to maintain 18W evaporation temperature of 250K. Calculate the C.O.P of machine
i) Refrigerator
ii) Heat pump
Also determine the temperature at which heat is rejected.
6. What is the need for alternate refrigerants? Write about ODP and GWP.
7. Explain the working of Actual Bell Coleman cycle with neat P-V and T-S diagrams. Derive the
expression for its C.O.P.
8 Explain the working of Boot-strap air refrigeration system with a neat line diagram
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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
9.Write a short note on refrigerants and its role on global issues
10.Explain thermodynamically the difference between refrigerator and heat pump also
Compare its coefficient of Performance

TEN MARKS QUESTIONS

1. A dense air refrigeration working on Bell-Coleman cycle with 10TR capacity with cooler
pressure of 4.2 bar and refrigerator pressure of 1.4 bar. Air is cooled to 500C in the cooler.
The temperature of air at inlet to compressor is -200C and inlet pressure is 1 bar. For the ideal
cycle, calculate COP, mass flow of refrigerant per ton, Ideal COP and heat rejected in
condenser. Temperature leaving cabin is 200 C.

2. The capacity of a refrigerator is 150TR when working between 60C and 250C.Determine
the mass of ice produced per day from water at 250C. Also find the power required to drive
the unit. Assume that the cycle operates on reversed carnot cycle.Latent heat of ice can be
taken as 335kJ/kg. Assume Cp for ice = 2.1 kJ/kg.K, Cp for water = 4.2 kJ/kg.K

3. Why artificial cooling is required in aircrafts? What are the different systems used for cooling
the aero planes? Explain the working of simple air craft refrigeration system with a neat line
diagram.

4. Name the common refrigerants used. What are their desirable and undesirable properties?
Explain.

5. A refrigerator machine of 6 Ton capacity working on bell Coleman cycle has an upper limit
pressure of 5.2 bar the pressure and temperature at the start of the compression are 1 bar and
180C respectively. The cooled compressed air enters the expander at 410C. Assuming both
expansion and compression to be adiabatic with an index of 1.4 Find the following:

i. C.O.P. of the cycle.

ii. the amount of air circulated per minute.

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R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
iii. Piston displacement of compressor and expander
iv. Bore of the compressor and expansion cylinders if they are double acting with stroke
length = 200 mm
v. Power required to drive the compressor

UNIT II

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1) Draw line diagram of vapour compression cycle and name the parts.
2) Represent simple VCR cycle on T-S coordinates.
3) Represent simple VCR cycle on p-h coordinates.
4) Write the expressions for calculation of enthalpy and entropy in wet region.
5) Write the expressions for calculation of enthalpy and entropy in superheated region.
6) What is dry compression?
7) What is wet compression?
8) What is throttling?
9) Define superheating of refrigerant.
10) What is a positive displacement compressor and give an example.
11) Define subcooling of refrigerant.
12) What is a non positive displacement compressor and give an example?
13) What happens if suction temperature decreases in VCR system?
14) What happens if delivery temperature decreases in VCR system?
15) Draw the T-S diagram of an actual VCR system.
16) Give the classification of compressors.
17) Give the classification of condensers.
18) Give the classification of expansion devices.
19) Give the classification of evaporators.
20) Represent subcooling and superheating on T-S and p-h diagrams

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1.Name main components in VCR

2.What are the processes in VCR

3.Draw the PV and TS Diagrams for VCR Cycle

4.Mention the processes where the phase change occurs

5.Represent the subcooling process on TS Diagram

6.What is superheat horn? Represent it on TS Diagram

7.Explain the need of PH and HS diagrams

8.Write down the suitable formula to calculate superheated enthalpy

9.Give the suitable formula to calculate mass flow rate of refrigerant in VCR

10.Calculate the C.O.P If the subcooling takes place in a VCR Cycle(Represent the formula)

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Deduce the expression for C.O.P. of VCR Cycle and Represent the cycle on T-S and P-H charts.

2. Distinguish between Wet compression, Dry compression and superheated compression. Which
method is most suitable and why?

3. Give the classification of compressors. Explain the working of any two types of compressors with
neat diagrams.

4. Give the classification of condensers. Explain the working of any two types of condensers with
neat diagrams

5. Give the classification of evaporators. Explain the working of any two types with neat diagrams

6. Give the classification of expansion devices. Explain the working of any two types with neat
diagrams

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
7.Explain the working operation of VCR with a block diagram

8.What type of compressors are suitable for wet compression refrigeration

9.What are the operating condions in VCR Cycle, comment its effect on COP.

10.How Vapour compression refrigeration is superior over air refrigeration narrate the differences.

TEN MARKS QUESTIONS

1. A F-12 vapour C.R has condensing temp of 50C and evaporating temp of 0c if the
refrigerator capacity 7 tons. The liquid leaving condenser is saturated and compression is
isentropic, enthalpy at end of compression 210kj/kg

Temp Pressure in hf kj/kg hg kj/kg Sf kj/kg Sg kj/kg

C bar
12.199 84.808 206.298 0.3034 0.6792
50
0 3.086 36.022 187.397 0.1418 0.6960

Calculate: (1) mass flow rate of refrigerant (2) power required

(3) heat rejected (4) C.O.P

2. A Freon-12 compression system operates at a condenser temperature of 400C and an

evaporator temperature of -50C develops 15 tons of refrigeration. Using p-h chart, calculate
mass flow rate of refrigerant, theoretical piston displacement of compressor in m3, HP per TR,
heat rejected in condenser and actual C.O.P of the cycle.

3. An ammonia refrigeration plant operates between a condenser temperature of 380C and an

evaporator temperature of -80C. The vapour is dry at the end of compression. The sp. heat of
ammonia is 2.1 kJ/kg K. Calculate net refrigeration effect, work required and C.O.P.

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
4. An Ammonia plant gives refrigerating effect of 150kj/sec. It works between the pressure
limits of 2.7bar and 9.3 bar .The actual heat observed in the cold chamber is 80% of the
theoretical and mechanical efficiency of the compressor is 72%.The total heat in 1kg of NH3
at the beginning and end of the throttling process is 135kj/kg. The refrigerant contains
1150kj/kg at the beginning of the compression and it is 0.91dry.It contains 1325kj/kg of heat
at the end of compression and it is dry and saturated specific volume of NH3 vapour at 2.7 bar
is 0.52 m3 /kg

Determine:

(1) Power required to drive the compressor

(2) Mass flow rate of the refrigerant
(3) Size of the compressor
Assume compressor is single acting and rotates at 90 r.p.m, vol=80% and take L/D=1.5

Note :volume flow rate =mass flow rate *specific volume

5. A commercial refrigerator operates with R-12 between 1.236 bar and 13.672 bar. The vapor
is dry and saturated at the compressor inlet. Assuming isentropic compression, determine the
theoretical COP of the plant. The isentropic discharge temperature is 64.860C. if the actual
COP of the plant is 80% of the theoretical, find the power required to run the compressor to
obtain a refrigerating capacity of 1TR.If the liquid is sub-cooled through 100C after
condensation, calculate the power required. Assume specific heat of the liquid is 1.055kJ/kgK.
The properties of R12 are given below:

Saturation temp Saturation pressure Enthalphy(kJ/kg) Entropy(kJ/kgK)

(degree C) (bar) Liquid vapor Liquid vapor
-25 1.2368 13.33 176.48 0.552 0.7126
55 13.672 90.28 207.95 0.3197 0.6674

The properties of super heated R12 are given below:

Temperature (degree C) Pressure (bar) Enthalphy(kJ/kg) Entropy(kJ/kgK)

64.86 13.672 220.6 0.7126

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R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.

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R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
UNIT III

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1) What is the purpose of an absorber in a vapour absorption system?

2) What is the purpose of generator in a vapour absorption system?
3) Write any two desirable properties of an ideal refrigerant.
4) Write any two desirable properties of an ideal absorbent.
5) Name the three fluids used in Electrolux refrigerator and mention their roles.
6) What is the solution used in ammonia vapour absorption system?
7) What is the refrigerant used in Li-Br vapour absorption system?
8) In steam jet refrigeration, a thermo compressor is used. (T/F)
9) Write the expression for C.O.P. of an ideal absorption system.
10) For a given condenser and generator temperatures, if the evaporator temperature increases,
the C.O.P. of a vapor absorption refrigeration system [ ]
a) Increases b) Decreases
c) Remains constant d) Remains constant up to certain level and then decreases
11) Name any two mixtures used in VARS.
12) What do you mean by weak solution?
13) Name the refrigerant used in steam jet refrigeration system.
14) What do you mean by strong solution?
15) Write any two properties of an ideal refrigerant-absorbent mixture.
16) Name the components used in steam jet refrigeration system.
17) What is the function of analyzer in vapour absorption system?
18) What is the function of rectifier in vapour absorption system?
19) For a given condenser and evaporator temperatures, if the generator temperature increases,
the C.O.P. of a vapor absorption refrigeration system [ ] a)
Increases b) Decreases c)
Remains constant d) Remains constant up to certain level and then decreases
20) In a vapour absorption refrigeration system, the compressor in the VCRS is replaced by
a) Pump only b) Pump, generator and absorber
c) Pump, generator, absorber and generator d) None

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1.Name main components in VAR

2.What are the processes in VAR

3.How VCR Cycle differs withVAR

4.Mention the Applications of VAR

5.Represent the Maximium COP Formula for VAR

6.What is The role of absorber in VAR system

7.Explain the limitations of steam jet refrigeration system

8.Write down about the three fluid VAR system

9.Give the suitable applications of Vortex or Hilsc Tube refrigeration

10.What are the principles used in thermo electric refrigeration system

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Explain the working principle of thermoelectric refrigeration system with suitable diagram.
2. Explain the working of simple NH3-H2O VARS with a neat sketch
3. Explain the working of Li Br-H2O VARS with a neat sketch
4. Explain the working of steam jet refrigeration system with a neat schematic
5. Explain the working of three fluid (Electrolux) refrigeration system with a neat sketch.
6. In an absorption type refrigeration system, heating, cooling and refrigeration take place at
the temperature at 100 oc, 20oc and -10 oc. find the theoretical COP of the system.
7. Distinguish between VARS and VCRS.
8. What are the advantages of vapour absorption refrigeration over vapour compression
refrigeration
9. Determine the C.O.P of ideal vapour absorption system
10. Explain the role of absorber and analyzer in simple NH3-H2O VAR System

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.

TEN MARKS QUESTIONS

1. In an absorption type refrigerator, the heat is supplied to NH3 generator by condensing steam
at 2 bar and 90% quality. The evaporator temperature is -50C. Determine the maximum C.O.P.
possible. If refrigeration load is 20 tons and actual C.O.P. is 70% of maximum C.O.P., find
weight of steam required per hour. Take ambient temperature as 300C.

2. Derive the equation for C.O.P. of an ideal vapour absorption refrigeration system. In an
absorption refrigeration system, heating in generator, cooling in condenser and evaporation in
evaporator take place at 1000C, 350C and -100C. Calculate the maximum C.O.P. of system
and comment on the results.

3. In an absorption refrigeration system, heating, cooling and refrigeration take place at 1500C,
300C and -200C, find:
(i) Calculate the theoretical C.O.P. of system.
(ii) If the heating temperature is increased to 2000C and refrigeration temperature is decreased
to -400C, find the percentage change in theoretical C.O.P.

.4. How does Hilsch tube (vortex tube) function to suit the cooling requirements in refrigeration
system? Explain its working with a neat line diagram.

5. Steam at 3 bar and 0.85 dry is used in the generator of vapour absorption system. The
evaporator of the refrigeration system is maintained at -100C. The circulating cooling water
rejects heat at 300C in the condenser. Determine maximum C.O.Pfor the system. Also if steam
leaves the generator as saturated liquid, determine consumption of steam for 10 TR plant.
Assume relative C.O.P. as 4.

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
UNIT IV

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1) Define dry bulb temperature of air.

2) Define wet bulb temperature of air.
3) Define specific humidity.
4) Define dew point temperature of air.
5) Define relative humidity.
6) Define Psychrometry.
7) What is meant by saturated air?
8) What is meant by unsaturated air?
9) Define humidification and represent the process on psychrometric chart.
10) Define dehumidification and represent the process on psychrometric chart.
11) Represent humidification and heating on psychrometric chart.
12) Represent dehumidification and cooling on psychrometric chart.
13) Represent dehumidification and heating on psychrometric chart.
14) What is dew point depression?
15) What is wet bulb depression?
16) What are the conditions to represent reference circle on a psychrometric chart?
17) Define sensible heating and represent the process on psychrometric chart.
18) Define sensible cooling and represent the process on psychrometric chart.
19) Define SHR.
20) Represent humidification and cooling on psychrometric chart.

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1.Write down the difference between dry air and moist air

2.What is dew point temperature and represent o TS diagram?

3.Explain Daltons law of partial pressure.

4.Explain the degree of saturation with suitable formula

5.What is sensible cooling? represent on psychrometric chart.

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
6. What is sensible heating? represent on psychrometric chart.

7.Explain about human comfort.

8.Define ventilation load

9. Define human comfort with respect to CO2

10.What is alignment circle on psychrometric chart?

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

1.What is bypass factor and derive it with suitable example.

2.Explain about adiabatic saturation temperature with suitable arrangement

3. Explain about adiabatic mixing of two air streams with suitable arrangement.

4.Determine the final DBT and RH of air washed out with recirculated spray water if the air is
initially at DBT of 35o C and 50%RH as it enters an air washer which has humidifying efficiency
of 85%.

5. Write a short note on human comfort and explain the factors affecting it.

6. Explain the difference between comfort air conditioning and industrial air conditioning.

7. Explain the working of year round air conditioning system with neat diagram and show the
processes on psychrometric chart

8. Explain various psychrometric processes. Represent them on psychrometric chart.

1( )

9. Prove that = [ ]
1( )

10. Explain the following

(a) Specific humidity (b) Relative humidity

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.

TEN MARKS QUESTIONS

1 Define: Psychrometry, moist air, saturated air and unsaturated air. List and explain various
psychrometric properties of air.

2 Explain the working of summer and winter air conditioning system with a neat diagram and
show the process on psychrometric chart.

3 A mixture of air and water vapor occupies a volume of 650 m3 at 1 bar pressure and 35o C
temperature. If its relative humidity is 78%, Calculate (i) the specific humidity, (ii) The dew
point. (iii) mass of air, (iv) mass of vapor.

4. The atmospheric air at 250C DBT and 120C WBT is flowing at the rate of 100 m3/min through
the duct. Dry saturated steam at 1000C is injected into air stream at the rate of 72 kg/hr.
Calculate the specific humidity and enthalpy of leaving air. Also calculate the DBT, WBT and
RH of leaving air.

5. 39.6 cmm of mixture re-circulated room air and outdoor air enter a cooling coil at 310C DBT and
18.50C WBT. The effective temperature of the coil is 4.40C. The surface area of the coil could give
12.5 kW of refrigeration with the given entering air state. Determine the dry and wet bulb temperatures
of air leaving the coil and the coil bypass factor.

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
UNIT V

ONE MARK QUESTIONS

1) What is Infiltration?
2) What is Ventilation?
3) What are the air conditioning processes adopted in a summer air conditioning system?
4) Give examples for sensible heat loads.
5) Give examples for latent heat loads.
6) Define ESHF.
7) What are the air conditioning processes adopted in a winter air conditioning system?
8) Define GSHF.
9) What are the factors to be considered while selecting the air filters?
10) What are the different impurities of atmospheric air?
11) What are the factors affecting grill performance?
12) What do you mean by grill and register?
13) What are the different methods used to remove the odours from the air?
14) Define Throw of a grill.
15) Write the types of fans used in commercial air-conditioning systems.
16) Name different humidification methods.
17) Name different dehumidification methods.
18) What is the difference between absorber and adsorber?
19) What are the types of fans
20) What is filter?

TWO MARKS QUESTIONS

1.Write about humidifiers
2.Explain centrifugal type filter
3.Write about electrical type air-conditioning filter
4. Explain viscous type filter
5.Explain about solar radiation load on air-conditioned room
6.Define GSHF and explain it.
7. Define ESHF and explain it.
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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
8.Write about heat pumps.
9.What is comfort chart?
10.Write about few heat transfer loads

FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Explain spray type of humidifiers with neat diagrams.

2. Explain impact type of humidifiers with neat diagrams.

3. How do you estimate the load calculation for A hospital

4. How do you estimate the load calculation for an auditorium

5. How do you estimate the load calculation for A Library

6 How do you estimate the load calculation for A theatre

7. Define load on an air conditioner. What are the two main types of load? Explain.

8. Explain different types of grills and registers used in air conditioning applications

9. Write short notes on :

(i) Conduction load (ii) Radiation load (iii) Infiltration load (iv) Occupancy load (v) Ventilation load

10.Atmospheric air of 16oC DBT and 25% of RH passes through a furnace and then through a
humidifier, in such away that the final DBT of 30oC and 50%RH.Find the heat and moisture added
to the air also determine SHF of the process.

TEN MARKS QUESTIONS

1 Explain various types of air cleaning filters with neat sketches.

2. Explain different types of fans and blowers used in air conditioning applications.

3 What are the common techniques for dehumidification and explain spray, absorption and
adsorption type of dehumidifiers.

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 R & AC Important Questions IV ME, I Sem.
4. Explain why heat pump is most efficient when used for heating purposes? Draw air to air
and water to water heat pump circuits used for air conditioning units and explain them.

5. A GVK shopping mall is air conditioned for sensible load of 58.15 kW and latent load of
14.55 kW. The inside design conditions are 25oC DBT and 50% RH and outside design
conditions are 40oC DBT and 27oC WBT. 70 m3/min fresh air is supplied to the mall.
Determine, (i) the ventilation load, (ii) total load to be taken by the plant per unit, (iii) effective
sensible heat factor (ESHF), (iv) apparatus dew point (ADP). Take bypass factor of cooling
coil is 0.15.

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