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It'snotinthebagyetforDP
WorldinBerbera
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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

UpdatedonMay3,2016Bringinganendtoyearsofuncertainty,thePresidentof
SomalilandAhmedMohamedMahamoud,knownasSilanyo,finallyawardedthecontract
toextend,refurbishandoperatetheportofBerberatotheDubaioperatorDPWorld(DPW).
TheSomalilandportisofhighstrategicvalueasitissituatedoppositeYemenandso
attractedtheinterestofthemajorinternationalgroups,Bollorinthelead.

Buttheoperationandthe$442millioninvestmentbytheUAEthatgoeswithitisnot
withoutconsequencesfortheselfdeclaredrepublicofSomalilandwhichwantsinternational
recognition.WiththeeconomicdisputesbetweenthecountriesintheHornofAfricaand
traditionaltensions,itmaybesometimebefoeDPWdocksontheSomalilandcoast!
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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N142803/06/2016

StormwarningoverDPWorldBerberacontract

ForDPWorld(DPW),thecontractitsignedon9MaytorunBerberaPort(ION1427andclickHEREtosee
ourspecialreport)isprimarilya$442millionindustrialoperation.ButintheHornofAfrica,itisaveritable
tsunamiupsettingthedelicatepoliticalclanbalance.IndevelopingBerbera,DPWorldwilldepriveDjiboutiofits
portannuityandfavourtherulingclaninSomalilandtothedetrimentoftheothers.

Djiboutistrangled,AddisemancipatedUptonow,DjiboutihasenjoyedavirtualmonopolyofEthiopian
freightviatheDoralehContainerTerminal,onwhichDjiboutisfragileeconomydepends(ION1427).However
inlateApril,allchanged,muchtotheconsternationofPresidentIsmalOmarGuelleh:Somalilandand
EthiopiastuckanagreementtodeveloptheBerberaCorridor(clickHEREtoseethedocument).AddisAbaba
hadgrownfedupwiththeDjiboutiauthoritiesbeingunabletodealwiththelogjamofunloadingfreight.
EthiopiawasindireneedofrawmaterialstofightagainstthedroughtinEthiopia(ION1425).InmidMayit
unilaterallydecidedtochannel39%ofhumanitarianaidandalmost50%ofitsexportsviaBerbera.Justas
IOGhadjustacceptedtolowertransittariffsby50%afterbitternegotiationswithEthiopianPrimeMinister
HailemariamDesalegn(ION1420),thelatterinsistedandobtainedthedismissalofthechairmanofthe
AutoritdesportsetdeszonesfranchesdeDjibouti(APZFD),AboubakerOmarHadi.Also,theawardof
theBerberaPortconcessiontoDPWon9MaywasthefinalstrawfortheDjiboutigovernment.So,IOGused
hisinaugurationtotakerevengeonhisSomalilandcounterpart,AhmedMohamedMahamoudknownas
Silanyo,belongingtotheIssaq/HabarJeloclan.HedeliberatelyseatedhimnexttotheOugas(religious
leader)oftheIssa,MoustaphaRoblehwithwhomhisrelationsarefrosty,andattheedgeoftheVIPtribune.A
furiousSilanyohurriedlylefttheceremony.

DPWstirsclanhornetsnestInSomaliland,BerberaPortisoneoftheStatesfewsourcesoffinance.
Moreover,beingselfproclaimeditreceivesverylittleinternationalaid.Also,thegovernmentinthehandsof
Issaq/HabarJelointendstocontroltheinfrastructureDPWoperatesattheexpenseoftheIssaq/HaberAwal
clanwhichisdominantintheBerberaregionandrefusestograntHargeisatheexclusiverightstothissourceof
finance.But,twobranchesofHabarAwalareinfluentialinthisarea:theIssaMoussaandtheSaadMoussa.
Theformerarealreadyatwork:theycancountonAminaMohamedJirde,theministerforforeignaffairs,Saad
AliShireh,andtheformercommanderoftheHabarAwalforces,IbrahimDegaWeyne,allthreefromthe
sameclan.IbrahimDegaWeyne,afterthreateningtowagewaronthegovernmentiftheIssaMoussawere
excludedfromtheDPWproject,wenttoasecretmeetinginHargeisawithmembersofthegovernmentfromhis
ownclan.
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AmongtheSaadMoussa,theKulmiyepresidentialcandidateMoussaBihiAbdi,andcurrentdirectorofthe
portandadvisortoDPW,AliHoorHoor,havetocontendwiththewealthymerchantMohamedAwSaidwho
isthreateningtosetupamilitiaiftheSaadMoussaarenottakenonboardDPWintheadventure.Thecoup
degracewaswhentheIssaOdhagobbusinessmanAbdourahmanMahamoudBoreh,theDjibouti
Presidentsnemesis,istoinvestinBerberaalongsideDPW.Tocounterhim,IOGcontactedtheSultanof
Awdar,livinginexileinEthiopia,SultanWabar,toconvincehimtoresumefightingagainstHargeisawithhis
PeoplesLiberationFront.ThelatterhadledarevoltagainstHargeisain2014andwasdefeatedthroughthe
helpofinterventionbytheEthiopianarmy.

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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N142720/05/2016

BehindthescenesoftheDPWorldcontractonBerbera
Port

Afterdillydallyingforyears,SilanyofinallyawardedtheconcessiontorunBerberaPortto
theUAE.Wetakealookbehindthescenes.

9Maywillbeadatethatgoesdowninhistory!PresidentAhmedMohamedMahamudofSomalia,generally
knownasSilanyo,broughtanendtotheeightyearlongsagaontheawardoftheconcessiontooperatethe
portofBerbera.ThewinnerwasDPWorld(DPW),whiletheloserwastheFrenchcompanyBollorAfrica
Logistics(BAL,seehereourreport).Theprize:athirtyyearconcessiontodevelopandoperatetheport.

AccordingtoinformationobtainedbyTheIndianOceanNewsletter,DPWwillinvest$200millionofitsown
moneyintheprojectandopenthedoortootherinvestorsforasecondtrancheof$242million.Ifnorevenue
sharingagreementisreached,theSomalilandgovernmentwillreceiveasignaturebonusof$15million.In
addition,theSomalilandrepresentativeinDubai,SilanyossoninlawBasheAwilOmar,hasalreadyreceived
asubcontractingagreementaspartofthedeal.

BasheAwilOmar,withtheagreementofFirstLadyAminaMohamedJirde(ION1423),hasalwayspushedin
favouroftheEAEbidoverBALs.Anothercompensation,Silanyohasbeengivenpermissiontobuildavillain
Dubai,whichhewilluseafterthe2017presidentialelection.Silanyo,whowillnotrunforreelectionin2017for
healthreasons,willalsohaveaccesstotheDubaihealthservice.AsforthepresentSomalilanddirectorofthe
portauthority,AliHoorHoor,hewillbeemployedbyDPWasadvisorinthefield.

However,themanbehindthedealistheDjiboutibusinessmanAbdourahmanMahamoudBoreh.Hewas
DPWsadvisorintheawardoftheDoralehContainerTerminalcontract(ION1426).Hetoowantstoinvestin
thedevelopmentofBerbera.Naturally,thistieupbetweenHargeisa,DubaiandBorehwilldonothingto
reassureDjiboutiPresidentIsmalOmarGuellehwhoseaimistoturnDjiboutiintoanAfricanSingapore.

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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N141922/01/2016

Bollor,MSCandDPWorldallaftertheBerberacontract

AnewtwistinthesagatoobtaintheconcessionandcontractforthemanagementoftheportofBerbera(
clickheretoreadourspecialreport)!TheproposalbytheFrenchoperatorBollorAfricaLogistics(BAL)
wasalmostburiedaftersevenyearsoflobbyinghasbeenbackintherunningforthelastweek,atthesame
timeastheSwisscompanyMediterraneanShippingCompany(MSC).Bothproposalsarenowbeing
consideredagainstthatoftheDubaibasedcompanyDPWorld.Eachapplicationissupportedbyvarious
clansinsidetheHargeisagovernment,whichisplayingthehighlypoliticalroleininthisfinancialandlogistical
partition.

EUswapsindependenceforcontractAsignthatBALisbackintheracefortheBerberaPortcontract:
RmiMarchaux,theFrenchambassadorinNairobiinchargeofSomaliland,planstotraveltoHargeisain
earlyFebruarytodiscusstheissuewiththegovernment.ThisvisitfollowsatripbySomalilandsnewMinister
forForeignAffairs,SacadCaliShire,toLondonfromJanuary6to8.Onthisoccasion,Britishdiplomats
definitivelyconvincedhimtoreconsiderMSCsandmoreespeciallyBALsproposals.

ThereasonisthattheMemberStatesoftheEU,whichfundedtheinitialfeasibilitystudiesoftheBerbera
CorridorlinkingAddisAbabatotheSomalilandport,wantthecontracttogotoaEuropeancompany.In
London,SacadCaliShireexpressedconditionsforawardingtheBerberamanagementcontracttoBAL.He
demandedthatthecostofexpandingtheportshouldbereviseddownwardsandalsothattheexistingdocks1
and2shouldremainunderSomalilandStatecontrol.ThestakebehindhistripwasrecognitionofSomaliland
asanindependentStatebytheinternationalcommunity.Onthiscrucialpoint,SacadCaliShireiswellaware
thattheWestleansinfavourofHargeisafourBritishtownshavealreadytakenastandinthisdirection.On
theotherhand,theEmiratesdoesnotwanttogetinvolvedinthisissueandmaintainsregularcontactwiththe
SomaliancentralgovernmentwhichclaimscontrolontheawardoftheBerberaportmanagementcontract(
ION1405).

DubaiofferscreditstosupportDPWorldBasheAwilOmar,soninlawandrighthandmanofSomaliland
PresidentAhmedMohamedMahamud,generallyknownasSilanyo,andSomalilandambassadortoDubai,
isveryactiveonthisaffairinBerberaandhasmoreoverpromisedthecontractwillgotoDPWorld.Hismain
interestistomakehisbusinessinterestsgrowbybuildingtradingpartnershipswithEmiratesNationalOil
Company(ENOC)toimportoilviaBerberaandthenreexportittoEthiopia.Moreover,itwouldalsoenable
thepresidenttobenefitpoliticallyfromthebudgetaryaidtheEmirateswouldprovideifthecontractwere
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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

awardedtoENOC.ItwasBasheAwilOmarwhoinstigatedSilanyo'striptoAbuDhabi,alongwithhiswife
AminaWarisSheikhMohamedJirde,wheretheywerepromiseddirectbudgetaryaidtothestateof$1.5
millionifDPworldweregiventhecontract.ThiswouldbeamajoradvantagetotherulingKulmiyepartyinthe
2017presidentialelection.ButtheforeignministerhasnotsaidhislastwordinthefaceofUAElobbyingand
stillholdsamajorcardinhishandtoimposeaEuropeanoffer.SacadCaliShireishimselffromBerberaandis
inregulardiscussionswithhiscommunitysdignitarieswhowouldpresumablyrallytohisopinion.The
confrontationbetweenthepresidentsentourageandtheministerforforeignaffairshasonlyjustbegun.

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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N140710/07/2015

WhytheBerberaCorridormeetingwascancelled
TheSomalilandportofBerberaunitesopinionsasmuchasitdivides.So,whilewaitingfortemperstocalm
down,theconferenceontheBerberaCorridor,organisedbytheEUandtheIGADscheduledinNairobion7
Julywascancelled.On23June,HailemariamDesalegninformedSomalilandPresidentSilanyo,thathe
waskeentoworkwiththeUnitedArabEmiratesandSomalilandtodeveloptheport.ButthePresidentofthe
FederalRepublicofSomalia,HassanSheikhMohamud,wasopposedtothisscenario.Heinformedthe
executivesecretaryofIGAD,MahboubMaalim,duringarecentvisittoMogadishu,thathewouldnotbackany
projectinSomalilandsolongasitspresidentwasopposedtounification.HethereforeaskedfortheNairobi
conferencetobecancelled.Furthermore,Djiboutitakesadimviewofthepotentialcompetitionfrom
Somaliland.Inaddition,Desalegnsenthisfinanceminister,SufianAhmed,onamissiontoDjiboution25
JunetoreassuretheauthoritiesabouttheirconcernsovertradecontractsandthetransitoffreightviaDjibouti.

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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N140429/05/2015

P&OPortspushesupthepricesinBerbera

TheDubaibasedportscompanyP&OPortspullednopuncheswhenitcametowinningthegoodgracesof
HargeisainmidMay.ItofferedtheSomalilandgovernmentover$40milliontosigntheheadsofagreementto
operatetheportofBerbera.Thisofferfollowsthevisiton12MaytoDubaiofaSomalilanddelegationledby
theministertothepresidency,HersiAliHajiHassan(ION1403).CreatedinlateMarchbythechairmanof
DubaiPorts,CustomsandFreeZoneCorporation(PCFC),SultanAhmedBinSulayem,whoalsoruns
DPWorld,P&OPortsisaseriousnewcompetitorfortheFrenchgroupBollor(ION1402).
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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N140315/05/2015

DubairenewsdiscussionsinordertocounterBolloron
Berbera

ASomalilanddelegationconsistingoftheministerstothepresidency,HersiAliHajiHassan,theplan,Saad
AliShire,andpublicworksAbdirizakKhalifAhmed,togetherwiththedirectorofportauthorities,AliHoor
Hoor,wenttoDubaion12MayattheinvitationoftheEmirMohammedBinRashidAlMaktoum.The
SomalilanddelegationmetwithMohammedSharaf,theCEOoftheUAEportsoperatorDPWorld.This
companyistryingtowinthecontracttooperatetheportofBerbera,attheexpenseoftheFrenchgroup
Bollor(ION1402).On25April,thesamedelegationhadcancelleditstriptoDubaiatthelastminute.
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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N140201/05/2015

NodockinginsightinBerberaforBollor

AlthoughaMoUwassignedinearlyFebruary,theFrenchBollorgroupstillhasalongway
togobeforeitconcludesadealtorunBerberaPort.

ThevisittoDubaiofaSomalilanddelegationconsistingoftheministerstothepresidency,HersiAliHaji
Hassan,theplan,SaadAliShire,publicworks,AbdirizakKhalifAhmed,andthedirectorofportauthorities,
AliHoorHoor,wascancelledsuddenlyon25April.ThesemenhadbeenduetojoinBasheAwilHajiOmar,
soninlawandrighthandmantoSomalilandPresidentAhmedMohamedMahamud,akaSilanyo,tomeet
theCEOofDPWorld(DPW),MohammedSharaf.NegotiationswereinitiatedwithDPWinJune2013bythe
DjiboutibusinessmanAbdourahmanMahamoudBorehforittotakechargeofthemanagementofBerbera
Port.DPW,basedintheUnitedArabEmirates,isthenumberthreeportsoperatorintheworld.

Howevertheforeignminister,MohamedBihiYonis,currentlyontourinEurope,opposedthismission.Yonis
preferredtheproposalbyBollorAfricaLogistics(BAL).HehadalsosignedaMemorandumof
Understanding(seehere)on5FebruarywithEricMelet,theFrenchgroupsdirectorgeneralfordevelopment
andconcessions.Thisshouldhaveledtonegotiationstoreachadecisionontheconclusionofanagreement
[onBerberaPort]by1May.However,noappointmenthasbeenscheduledyetandthegovernmenthasnot
compliedwiththetimetablesetoutintheMoU.Infact,BALhasbeenworkingonthecontracttooperate
BerberaPortforsevenyears,andaconsultantsauditofitspropositionshouldhavebeencompletedby1April.
Butthegovernmenthasstillnotchosenthefirmtocarryoutthisaudit.

Thesedelaysareduetodivergenceswithinthegovernmentaboutwhichofthefourcandidateoperators
shouldgetthecontract.WhileBollorissupportedbyYonisDPWisbackedbyBasheAwilHajiOmar.
KuwaitiLogisticshasthebackingoftheMinisterforAviation,MohamoudHashiAbdi.TheSaudiArabia
basedfirmPrimeAfricaisbackedbytheoilministerHusseinAbdiDualeh.Thesepowerstrugglesarefar
fromreassuringforBAL,astheMoUitmanagedtowinfromtheSomalilandauthoritiesafteragreatdealof
difficulty,willfinallyexpireon30June.

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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N139827/02/2015

AfterBollor,DPWorldisalsointerestedinBerberaPort

TheHargeisagovernmentisconsultingvariouscompaniesforthedevelopmentoftheport.

ThegeneralmanagerofBollorAfricaLogistics(BAL),EricSanchez,wenttoHargeisaonceagainon4
FebruarytotrytofindcommongroundwiththeSomalilandauthoritiesaboutoperatingtheportofBerbera.To
besure,BALhasbeenvyingforthecontractforagoodmanyyears.However,theFrenchcompanyisbyno
meanstheonlyrunnerinthisrace:tobesure,adelegationfromtheworldnumberthreeportsoperator,Dubai
PortsWorld(DPWorld),headedbyMohammedSharaf,discreetlymettheMinisterofPresidencyHersiAli
HajiHassaninBerberaon13February.DPWorldsintentionwastoreaffirmitsinterestinoperatingBerbera
PorttotheHargeisagovernment.TheDubaidelegationobtainedpermissiontodeployateaminBerberato
explorethesolutionstodeveloptheport.Atthesametime,PresidentAhmedMohamedMahamoud
SilanyoofSomalilandmandatedtheDutchconsultingcompanyMaritime&TransportBusinessSolutions
(MTBS)headedbyFrankLuismantoanalysetheBALproposal.BALdirectorgeneralDominiqueLafonthas
onseveraloccasionsexpressedhisirritationattheSomalilandauthoritiesdithering.InDecember2014,the
FrenchAmbassadortoNairobi,RmiMarchauxevensentSilanyoandeightofhisministersaletter(
ION1393)tostresstheimportanceoftheBerberacontractforBollor,asitshouldenable30%ofEthiopian
tradetotransitviaSomalilandinsteadofDjiboutiasatpresent.InOctober2014,theSomalilandportauthorities
hadalreadybeencontactedforthesamereasonbyAbuDhabiPortsCompany(ADPC),withsupportfrom
FirstLadyAminaWarisSheikhMohamedJirde,andhersoninlawBasheAwilHajiOmar(ION1389).

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N139827/02/2015

Presidentssoninlaw,BasheAwilHajiOmar,playsfor
highstakesinBerbera
Nairobi,London,Manchester,Hargeisa,andalsoDubai,BasheAwilHajiOmarownspropertiesanddoes
businessinagoodmanycountries.MarriedtoLulAhmedMohamed,thedaughterofPresidentAhmed
MohamedMahamoudSilanyo,heiswidelyconsideredhisfatherinlawsrighthandman.Sinceearly
February,hehasprovedtobeveryenterprisingandhasinvestedconsiderablyindevelopingBerberaPort.He
wasinvolvedinorganisingtheDPWorlddelegationtomeetSilanyoandwantstostrikeadealwithEmirates
NationalOilCompany(ENOC)toimportoiltoBerberaforreexporttoEthiopia.Agraduateinchemistryfrom
UniversityCollegeLondonandpetrochemistryfromUniversityofManchester,heobtainedthegreenlight
forthisactivityfromAdamSugal,theheadoftheNationalContractAgency.Hehasalsointroducedthe
PakistanibusinessmanMohamedKhan,totheministerforpublicworks,AbdirizakKhalifAhmed,who
awardedhimthecontractforvehiclecompliancecheckingwithoutgoingthroughacallfortendersprocess.

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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N139315/12/2014

FrenchambassadorwritestoSilanyo

TheFrenchambassadortoSomaliabasedinNairobi,RmiMarchaux,wrotetoPresidentAhmed
MohamedMahamoudknownasSilanyoon3December,copiedtoeightministers(clickhere)totakestock
ofhisvisittoHargeisafrom6to8November.Intheletter,writteninEnglish,theambassadorconfirmedthat
FranceisinterestedinopeninganAllianceFranaiseinHargeisa,buildingupontheinitiativestospread
FrenchlanguageinstructionbytheformerforeignaffairsministerEdnaAdanIsmal(ION1391).

ThesecondpointintheletterconcernedtheprojectfortheFrenchgroupBollortotakeovertheoperationof
theportofBerbera.Thisprojecthasaconsiderablemagnitude,sinceitshouldenable30%ofEthiopiantrade
totransitviaSomalilandinsteadofDjiboutiasatpresent.ConcerningBanquepourlecommerceet
l'industriemerRouge(BCIMR,51%ownedbytheFrenchbankBRED),whichhashadanofficeinHargeisa
since2009andhandlesabout40%ofSomalilandsfundstransfer,Marchauxsaidhewassadtolearnthat
thisbankhadnotbeenauthorisedtomakeloansbecausetheSomalilandparliamenthadstillnotapprovedthe
bankingbill.

MarchauxendedtheletterdrawingSilanyosattentiontothecaseoftheDjiboutibasedFrenchgroupMarill.
ThisgroupisinlegaldisputewithitspartnerinSomaliland,OsmanAbdiOsman,abouttheautomobile
agencyToyotaMarillHargeisa(ION1393).TheMarillgroupattackedOsmanfor"misappropriationoffunds",
inthelocalcourts,whichfoundinitsfavour."However,theenforcementofthedecisionofthecourthasbeen
blockedforseveralmonths,"Marchalpointsout.HegoesontowarnSilanyoaboutthefactthatthissituation
isunlikelytoencourageforeignfirmstoinvestinSomaliland".
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N138917/10/2014

BollorputshiseffortonBerbera

BollorAfricaLogisticshasunsuccessfullybeenafterthecontracttoruntheportofBerbera
forthelastfiveyears.

OneofthemainsponsorsoftheUKSomalilandTrade&InvestmentForum2014heldinLondonon14
October,BollorAfricaLogistics,asubsidiaryoftheFrenchgroupBollor,tooktheopportunitytoput
pressureonHargeisa.FacingPresidentAhmedMohamedMahamoudknownasSilanyoandhisforeign
minister,MohamedB.Yonis,BollorchairmanDominiqueLafontcriticisedSomaliland,holdingit
responsibleforthedelayinawardinghiscompanythecontracttomanagetheportofBerbera.Infact,hedid
notappreciatethefactthattheAbuDhabiPortsCompany(ADPC)haddiscreetlyapproachedtheSomaliland
authorities,withthesupportoftheFirstLadyofHargeisa,AminaWarisSheikhMohamedJirdeandherson
inlawBasheAwilHajiOmar.

RespondingtoamemberoftheaudienceattheLondonconference,whodemandedthatHargeisalauncha
callfortendersforthiscontract,Lafontwasvisiblyannoyed.Hepointedoutthathiscompanywaspreparedto
invest$442millioninthisprojectandthatitsupportedSomalilandsdemandtoberecognisedasan
independentstate.Heseemedtobeattheendofhispatienceandwillsoonorganisealastditchmeetingof
thetripartitecommittee,consistingofdelegatesfromBollor,andministersfromEthiopiaandSomaliland,to
settleonceandforallonthetermsofthecontract(ION1385).

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It'snotinthebagyetforDPWorldinBerbera

N137704/04/2014

WhoBollorhastotalktoinBerbera

HargeisahasinstructedaBritishlawyertonegotiatewiththeFrenchgroupBollorto
hammeroutthedetailsoftheagreementtomanageBerberaport.

MeetingsbeganabouttwoweeksagobetweenrepresentativesofBollorAfricaLogisticsandtheBritishlaw
practiceMcCue&PartnerstoworkonanagreementfortheFrenchgrouptorunBerberaport.Infact,several
monthsagotheSomalilandgovernmentinstructedthefirmsmainpartner,JasonDanielMcCue,44,tolook
forfundingtodeveloptheBerberacorridortowardsEthiopia.Thisisavastprojectincludinganoilpipeline,
estimatedtocostatotalofaround$2.5billion.ThismandatewasattributedtotheBerberaDevelopment
Company(BDC)foundedbyMcCueinLondoninApril2013tomaketheSomalilandportintoalogisticshub
forthewholeregion.

McCueandBDChaveconsequentlyalsobecomeBollorsprimarycontactpointsforSomaliland.BDChas
threedirectorsinadditiontoMcCue,whoisinterestedinsecurityviahisMODAAllianceGroup.Theyarethe
BritonsJohnRichardMoore,45,whoheadsJohnMoore&CoandIbrahimAliYusuf,41,plusthe
CanadianAhmedMohamedAbokor,48.ThelatterlivesinDjibouti,whereheisinpartnershipwiththe
businessmanMohamedSaidGuediinthecompanyAfroShnagaiDjibouti.Heisalsooneofthedirectorsof
PontusMarineLtd(ION1359)anindustrialfishingcompanyinSomalilandfoundedlastyearinLondon
alongsidetheBritishlawyerfromSomaliland,MohammedYusefwhoismoreoverthefounderofInvicta
Capital.PontusMarinehasoneheavyweightasanonexecutivedirector:theConservativeMPHenry
Bellingham,aformerParliamentaryUnderSecretaryofStateattheForeignandCommonwealthOfficein
chargeofAfricanaffairs.

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