Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Designer Manual
For safer shipping worldwide Safety and precise maneuvering on the Voith Turbo Fin and also world-
Propulsion systems and ship the seas, lakes, rivers, waterways wide proven ship concepts such as
concepts from Voith Turbo and harbors of the world is of maxi the Voith Water Tractor are proof
Marine. mum importance. Safe and eco- of our comprehensive expertise in
friendly drive systems are an essen this branch of industry. And our
tial prerequisite for this. For over 80 customers benefit from the low-
years, Voith has been designing maintenance and operationally safe
systems that are safe for people and systems, which guarantee a high
the environment: a unique propul- level of availability and outstanding
sion system the Voith Schneider quality.
Propeller, the Voith Radial Propeller,
Voith Schneider Propeller
Built in Voith Schneider Propeller Voith Water Tractor Baut, Norway Double-ended ferry Rheintal, Germany
Propellers located below the de- The propeller must be filled with
sign waterline are equipped with oil before the vessel is launched.
an elevated oil tank. This allows
the static oil pressure in the rotor Voith Schneider Propellers are
casing to be increased to prevent self-contained propulsion
water ingress into the propeller even systems and do not require any
when it is at a standstill. The eleva secondary energy for operation.
ted oil tank is part of the Voith scope The VSP is ready for operation
of supply and should be mounted immediately after start-up of the
midships in the propeller area at a main propulsion engine.
transverse bulkhead approx. 0.5
to 2 m above the design waterline.
4
5
Propulsion Systems
Interaction of Motor and Propeller
The direction of the Voith Schneider Propellers motor does
not need to be reversed and the propeller can be operated at
a constant speed. Thanks to its variable pitch characteristic,
the propeller thrust is variable in direction and magnitude.
The propulsion motor is speed-controlled for economically
efficient partial-load operation.
100
Engine curve 90
Propeller curve 80
for free running 70
(100% pitch) 60
50
Diesel engine and Voith Schneider Propeller VSP power intake regulated by motor speed, at constant pitch
In the power range of the VSP, Pitch variability makes it possible From the viewpoint of economic
ship diesel engines are the most to make full use of the diesel efficiency, the power intake of the
widely used propulsion units. engine speed output range, even VSP should, whenever possible,
The permissible propeller input when the propeller is subjected to only be varied under the following
speed can be selected freely very different loads. operating conditions:
within certain limits.
In contrast to propellers with a fixed n Under different propeller loads,
In contrast to fixed pitch propellers, pitch, overloading of the main motor, e.g. change from free vessel
the variable pitch of the VSP allows so-called stalling, is prevented. movement to standstill conditions,
full utilization diesel engine output braking operation, dynamic ship
across all vessel operation condi- assistance by the Voith Water
tions. Tractor
n Vessel maneuvering
n Below the minimum permissible
speed of the main engine.
100
at standstill 90
during free 80
running 70
60
50
Engine power [%]
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Pitch [% ]
VSP power input over pitch at constant speed VWT Svezia, Italy
Electric propulsion
Under defined partial load condi- Electric VSP propulsion is used To start the electro motors, a soft-
tions, VSP power input at maximum when large amounts of electri- start device, such as a star-delta
pitch is controlled via the engine cal energy are required for other starting must be provided. The
speed (e.g. varying speed settings onboard equipment such as on respective breakaway torques are
for free-frunning vessels). The floating cranes or ferries. calculated by Voith Turbo Schneider
maximum power output of the main Propulsion on the basis of the
engine is measured during free As VSP power input is controlled by parameters of the entire propulsion
running with a pitch setting of 100% the variable propeller pitch, robust system.
and at a pitch setting of approx. and reliable three-phase asynchro-
80% at bollard pull conditions. nous motors can be used for propul-
sion. Depending on the application
requirements, speed-controlled
motors can also be used.
6
7
Shaft Line
Type DTL turbo coupling Type DTL turbo coupling with constant oil filling
The shaft line for transmitting the whereby all the oscillatory pulses
motor output to the Voith Schneider from the main motor are exten-
Propeller normally consists of a sively dampened in the coupling
Voith turbo coupling and a dis and almost none are transmitted
placeable curved teeth coupling to the secondary side.
with an intermediate shaft. The
use of a hydrodynamic coupling There are basically two versions
guarantees smooth starting and of the turbo coupling:
stopping of the whole propulsion 1. Turbo coupling with constant
system. oil filling
2. Turbo coupling with oil flow
Moreover, the turbo coupling control
divides the entire vibration system
into a primary and secondary side,
Type TM1 VTK turbo coupling with constant oil filling Double-ended ferry Sahilbent, Turkey
For most applications turbo cou- In this case, the engine manu- For Type R4 propellers with diesel
plings with constant oil filling can be facturer must design and supply engine propulsion, clutch coup-
used. These are virtually wear-free the required resilient coupling lings must be used instead of turbo
and therefore require little mainte- between engine and turbo coupling. couplings.
nance. In the majority of cases we
supply turbo couplings with constant Flow-controlled turbo couplings The propeller input shaft must be
oil filling for direct installation onto are only used for special applica- linked to the downstream shaft
the engine. The engine manufac- tions such as when extremely high line/turbo coupling output shaft by
turer must determine whether the torques or speeds are required. means of a displaceable coupling
engine can withstand the load or drive shaft.
reaction on the turbo coupling input Smaller Type R4 propellers or pro
side. If this is not the case, turbo pulsion units with an electric drive
couplings with pedestal bearings do not require turbo couplings.
at the input and output side can
be supplied.
8
9
Fire-fighting boat for Los Angeles, USA Buoy laying vessel Chef de Caux, France
Provision of fire-fighting
capacity
Today, increasing the fire fighting When the VSP with a variable pitch The remaining power can then be
capacity of ships is becoming characteristics is used, it is possible used for the fire-fighting pumps,
increasingly important in modern to connect firefighting pumps to the without the main engine being over-
harbors. For the provision of higher main engine via a power take-off loaded. The ship continues to be
fire-fighting capacities, powerful (PTO). Additional motors for fire- fully maneuverable and can there-
motors are needed which are oper- fighting pumps are not necessary. fore assume and retain the optimum
ated only rarely. As a result, the During firefighting, the pitch and position for fighting the fire.
cost of maintenance increases. therefore the power intake of the
VSPs are reduced to 30%.
1 VSP type R5/-2 (two-step)
2 VSP type R5/-1 (one-step)
3 Displaceable coupling with intermediate shaft
4 Cardan shaft
5 VTK, type DTL/TL
6 VTK, type DTm1/Tm1
7 Diesel engine
8 Electric motor
9 Elastic coupling
10 VTK, type T
11 Step-down gear
12 Step-down gear with clutch
13 Displaceable coupling
10
11
Voith Turbo Schneider Propulsion
GmbH & Co. KG
Alexanderstrae 18
89522 Heidenheim, Germany
Tel. +49 7321 37-6595
Fax +49 7321 37-7105
vspmarine@voith.com
www.voithturbo.com/marine
G 1861 e 2009-12 3000 ak/WA Printed in Germany. Dimensions and illustrations non-committal, subject to change.