Projection Theorem

j 2 (kx x +ky y )
U(kx ,0) =
(x, y)e dxdy

= [ ]
j 2 kx x
Bioengineering 280A
(x, y)dy e dx
Principles of Biomedical Imaging =

g(x,0)e j 2 kx x dx


= g(l,0)e j 2 kl dl
Fall Quarter 2010

CT/Fourier Lecture 4 g(l,0)

In-Class Example:


(x, y) = cos2x
l

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

Suetens 2002

Projection Theorem

Projection Slice Theorem

j 2 (kx x +ky y )
U(kx ,k y ) =

(x, y)e dxdy G( , ) =

g(l, )e dl j 2 l

= F2D [(x, y)]
= f (x, y) (x cos + y sin l)e j 2 l
dx dy dl

U(kx ,k y ) = G(k, ) ( ) j 2 x cos +y sin
= f (x, y)e dx dy

kx = k cos
= F2D [ f (x, y)] u= cos ,v= sin
ky = k sin

k = kx2 + ky2
g(l, )
F


G(k, ) =
g(l, )e j 2 kl dl

l



TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010
TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

Suetens 2002
Prince&Links 2006

1

 Fourier Reconstruction
Polar Version of Inverse FT

j 2 (kx x +ky y )
(x, y) =
G(k x ,k y )e dkx dk y
2
= 0 0
G(k, )e j 2 (xk cos +yk sin )kdkd

= G(k, )e j 2 k(x cos +y sin ) k dkd
0

Note :
F
g(l, + ) = g(l, )

So
Interpolate onto Cartesian grid G(k, + ) = G(k, )
then take inverse transform

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

Suetens 2002


TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

Suetens 2002

Filtered Backprojection
Fourier Interpretation

j 2 (xk cos +yk sin )
(x, y) = G(k, )e
0
k dkd
Density
N

N

= k G(k, )e j 2 kl
dkd circumference 2 k
0

= g (l, )d

Backproject a filtered projection
Low frequencies are
0
oversampled. So to
where l = x cos + y sin compensate for this,
multiply the k-space data

g (l, ) = k G(k, )e j 2 kl dk by |k| before inverse

transforming.

= g(l, ) F 1 [ k ]

= g(l, ) q(l)

Kak and Slaney; Suetens 2002

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010
TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

Suetens 2002

2

 Ram-Lak Filter
Projection

Reconstruction Path

kmax=1/s
F-1
Filtered
Back-

x

Projection
Project

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

Suetens 2002
Suetens 2002

Projection

Reconstruction Path
Example

Filtered

*
Projection

Back-

Project

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010

Suetens 2002
Kak and Slaney

3

 Example
Example

Prince and Links 2005

Prince and Links 2005

TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010
TT Liu, BE280A, UCSD Fall 2010