Experiment No: 04

Experiment Name:

Stress and Deflection Analysis of a Truss using FEA software

(ANSYS)

Experiment Aim:

1. Determine the Deformed image.

2. Determine and list the Deflections per Element result.
3. Determine and list the Stress acting on each Element.
4. Determine the Reaction Forces acting on Truss element.

Problem Statement:

Structural analysis of truss element considering youngs modulus E=

260X104 N/m2.C/s areas are given as 0.150m2 , 0.120m2, 0.100m2.Determine
the deflection, Von Misses stress and Deformed shape for the given object
assuming suitable data.

Problem Image:

Procedure:

Open Mechanical ANSYS APDL (ANSYS)

Clear the previous Database

Procedure as follows
File > Clear & Start New. The following window will appear
 Click on Do not Read File > Ok

Selection of Type of Analysis

To find out the stress, strain, deformation, deflection always we have to

go for structural analysis.

Procedure as follows
From ANSYS Main Menu select Preferences, following window will
appear Click on Structural > ok
Generating Project Name

Go to File> Change Title> Type Your Name

After typing your name keep Window in isometric view. You will find your
name on left end corner of a window.

1. Define the Type of Element

From The ANSYS Main Menu, Select Preferences> Element Type >
Add/Edit//Delete
The following window will appear.
Select Link form Left side window and 3D finite stn 180 then click on OK
2. Define C/s Area
From the ANSYS Main Menu, Select Preferences> Real Constants>
Add/Edit/Delete. The following window will appear

Enter the value of C/S area as per the given value AREA = .
3. Define the Material Properties
From the ANSYS Main Menu Select Preferences> Material Props>
Material Models. The following window will appear.

Enter the Values of Youngs Modulus (EX) and Poissons Ratio (PRXY)

4. Create Geometry
a. Create Nodes
From the ANSYS Main Menu Select Preference> Modeling> Create>
Nodes> In Active CS. The following window will appear

Create the nodes as per the given dimensions .Do not type anything
in Node number spacing , just click on apply after entering X,Y,Z
coordinates and only Click on OK for the final node coordinates.
b. Join Nodes

From the Modeling menu, Select Modeling > Elements> Elem

Attributes. The following window will appear.

Before joining the nodes to create elements select material

property from Material Number and C/s area from Real Constant
Number for respective generating element.

From the Modeling Menu, Select Modeling > Create >

Elements > Auto Numbered> Thru Nodes. The following window will
appear.

Select the nodes you would like to join or enter the node number in
Elements from Nodes window. Click on OK. Element will generate.
 After joining the all nodes the generated Truss element will appear
as below.

5. Solution/ Processor
a. Applying Boundary Conditions
From the ANSYS Main Menu select Solution > Define Loads> Apply>
Structural > Displacements. The following window will appear.

Select the node which you would like to apply Boundary Condition.
The following window will appear.
Select the required DOF to be fixed for respective selected node. Click on
OK

b. Applying Force/Moment

From Solution Menu, Solution> Define Loads > Apply >

Force/Moment > On Nodes. The following window will appear.

Select the direction of force to be applied from Apply F/M Nodes

window in Direction of Force/Mom Space and enter the force value in
Force/Moment Value Space.

Note: No single node should be free it should be fixed or applied force

c. Processing the data

From the Solution Menu , Select Solution > Solve > Current LS. The
following will appear.

Just Click on OK and OK. The Solution is done! Will appear. If it is not
appear means some data is missing or anything wrong data entered.

6. Post Processor
a. Deformation
Form the General post processor menu Select General Post Proc >
Plot Results > Deformed Shape. Click on Def + Un def Image > Ok

Deformed Shape image will appear like as above. White line indicates
Original Shape and Blue line indicates after Deformation Shape.
b. Deflection
From the General Post Proc, Select General Post Proc > Plot Results >
Contour Plot > Nodal Solu. The following window will appear.

Select Displacement vector sum click on OK.

c. Stress Result
From General Postproc, Select General Postproc > Vector Plot >
Predefined. The following window will appear.

Select Stress from Left Side in Vector item to be plotted. Click on

Raster Mode in Mode Vector Click on OK .
d. List Deflection Results
From the General Postproc menu, select General Postproc >
List Results > Nodal Solution. The following Deflection Result window
will appear.

e. List Reaction Results

From the General Postproc menu, select General Postproc >
List Results > Reaction Solution. The following Reaction Result
window will appear.
f. List Stress Results
From the General Postproc menu, Select General Postproc >
Element Table > Define Table > Add. The following Define
Additional Element Table window will appear

Select By Sequence Nums form Left Hand Side and SMIC from
Right Hand Side. Type SMIC,1 at the Right Side below. As shown in
above figure.

From the General Postproc menu, Select General Postproc >

Element Table > Plot Elem Table . The following Contour Plot of
Element Table window will appear

Select SMIC1 from Items to be plotted space. Click on OK

 The Elemental Stress Result will be plotted as follows.

g. List the Elemental Stress Results

From the General Postproc menu , Select General Postproc >

List Results > Elemental Table Data . The following List Element
Table window will appear

Select SMIC1 Form the list appeared.

 The resulted Elemental Stress Values List will appear as follows.

----------END---------

Deflection Results
PRINT U NODAL SOLUTION PER NODE

***** POST1 NODAL DEGREE OF FREEDOM LISTING *****

LOAD STEP= 2 SUBSTEP= 1

TIME= 2.0000 LOAD CASE= 0

THE FOLLOWING DEGREE OF FREEDOM RESULTS ARE IN THE GLOBAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

NODE UX UY UZ USUM
1 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
2 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
3 0.21866 0.0000 0.0000 0.21866
4 0.21866 -0.18193 0.0000 0.28445

MAXIMUM ABSOLUTE VALUES

NODE 3 4 0 4
VALUE 0.21866 -0.18193 0.0000 0.28445

Stress Results
PRINT ELEMENT TABLE ITEMS PER ELEMENT

***** POST1 ELEMENT TABLE LISTING *****

 STAT CURRENT
ELEM SMIS1
1 0.0000
2 0.0000
3 -0.50090E-11
4 2121.3
5 -3354.1

MINIMUM VALUES
ELEM 5
VALUE -3354.1

MAXIMUM VALUES
ELEM 4
VALUE 2121.3

Reaction Results
PRINT REACTION SOLUTIONS PER NODE

***** POST1 TOTAL REACTION SOLUTION LISTING *****

LOAD STEP= 2 SUBSTEP= 1

TIME= 2.0000 LOAD CASE= 0

THE FOLLOWING X,Y,Z SOLUTIONS ARE IN THE GLOBAL COORDINATE SYSTEM

NODE FX FY FZ
1 1500.0 3000.0 0.0000
2 -1500.0 -1500.0 0.0000

TOTAL VALUES
VALUE 0.36380E-11 1500.0 0.0000