1.

Electromagnetic interference (EMI), also called radio-frequency interference (RFI) when in

the radio frequency spectrum, is a disturbance generated by an external source that affects
an electrical circuit by electromagnetic induction, electrostatic coupling, or conduction.[1]
The disturbance may degrade the performance of the circuit or even stop it from
functioning. In the case of a data path, these effects can range from an increase in error rate
to a total loss of the data.[2] Both man-made and natural sources generate changing
electrical currents and voltages that can cause EMI: automobile ignition systems, mobile
phones, thunderstorms, the Sun, and the Northern Lights. EMI frequently affects AM radios.
It can also affect mobile phones, FM radios, and televisions.

2. This sounds like a case of electromagnetic interference (or EMI), which is what happens when
radio waves emitted by one device cause undesirable behavior in another.

Virtually every piece of electrically powered equipment acts as a radio transmitter, whether it is
supposed to or not. That's because the rapidly changing electric currents running through these
devices naturally radiate electromagnetic waves. This is an inevitable by-product of using electricity
to do useful things, and it is analogous to the clanking and clattering sounds that mechanical devices
make as they work. Computers are particularly "noisy" because they rely on rapidly changing
currents to act as clock signals that coordinate their calculations.

Just as changing electric currents radiate radio waves, radio waves induce electric currents in
conducting materials. This is how radio receivers detect the signals transmitted by radio stations.
The same effect is used to heat pots and pans on inductive cooktops. Inductive coupling can also
have undesirable consequences, however.

One explanation for the phenomenon you describe is that your computer unintentionally emits
radio waves in the range of frequencies reserved for cell phone communications, typically around
800 megahertz (MHz). If the signal coming from your computer is strong enough, your phone could
mistake it for a cell phone transmission. Computer noise, however, does not contain the sort of
information that your phone's onboard computer is programmed to expect. Thus, it responds to the
resulting cascade of communications failures by creating a series of audible alerts.

Another explanation involves a deeper connection between your two devices. In addition to its other
components, a cell phone has an audio amplifier that drives its speaker, and the radio waves emitted
by the computer may induce currents in the wiring of the amplifier itself. The resulting audio output
then would reflect what your computer is doing at that moment but would sound to a person like
random squeaks and squawks.

There is no way to stop electrical devices from generating radio waves. The only way to prevent EMI
is to keep spurious radio waves under wraps. Most electronic devices are housed in cases designed
to trap these electromagnetic waves; they are made of metal or have a coating that conducts. Holes
in the cases and thin spots in the coating allow some radio waves to leak out. Usually the leakage is
too small to have any effect except right near the source, where it is most intense. And that is why
your cell phone only acts up when it is right next to your computer.
REFERENCE

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_interference

2. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/experts-cell-phone-screeching/