COMMON DEFECTS ON CONCRETE DECK SLAB

DEFECTS CONDITIONS CAUSES

Fair At first, scaling is occurred and
Affected area > 150 mm to 300 mm then spalling can be caused by
wide in any direction or depth is > 25 corroding rebars due to standing
mm to 50 mm. rain water.
Expansion of rebar by severe
Poor corrosion caused spalling of slab
Affected area > 300 mm to 600 mm especially near sea by wind borne
wide in any direction or depth is > 50 sea water spray because surface
mm to 100 mm. concrete damaged looks like a
Spalling/ crush in.
Disintegration/
Expansion of rebar by severe
Scaling
corrosion caused spalling of slab
especially near sea by wind
borne sea water spray rebar.
Bad
Affected area > 600 mm wide in any Scaling is the gradual and
continuing loss of surface mortar
direction or depth is > 100 mm.
and aggregate over an area due
to chemical breakdown of the
cement bond due to rain and
traffic.
Fair Spalling is caused by rebar
Main rebar exposed & corroded or expansion. The rebar are exposed
flaked; Area 50 cm2 wide. and severe corrosion occur later
Poor after spalling occurred at tension
Main rebar exposed & corroded; area of bottom of deck slab
Area > 50 cm2 to 100 cm2 center.
The cause of defect is the same
Rebar exposure/ as the above; But water is
Corrosion continuously leaking from slab
surface, concrete is severely
Bad
deteriorated resulting to
Main rebar exposed & corroded;
detachment of a fragment of
Area > 100 cm2; with section loss
concrete.
The cause of the defect is same
as the above, but section loss
has developed severely.
 SPALLING/ SCALING ON CONCRETE STRUCTURE

Affected Area
Types of Defects Repair Method
Width/Depth (mm)

150 < width 300 & Patching (A)

25 < depth 50
Spalling Water proofing
on deck slab*
300 < width 600 & Patching (B)
50 < depth 100
Partial
600 < width & Replacement
Spalling/
100 < depth of Deck Slab
Scaling
Partial
Replacement
of Deck Slab/
Fast setting
mortar

Water proofing Asphalt

Scaling Severe Overlay
on deck slab*

Remark*: Water proofing shall be conducted after repair of damaged areas.

Figure 3-4. Selection Procedure of Repair Method for Deck Slab due to Spalling and
Scaling
 REBAR EXPOSURE ON CONCRETE STRUCTURE

Affected Area
Types of Defects Repair Method
Width/Depth (mm)

Width 500 Patching (B)

Corrosion
Carbon Fiber
500 < Width 1000 Sheet Bonding
Water proofing
on deck slab* Partial
Replacement
1000 < Width of Deck Slab
Rebar
Exposure/
Corrosion Partial
Replacement
of Deck Slab/
Fast setting
mortar

Section Additional Asphalt

Loss Rebar Overlay

*Water proofing shall be conducted after repair of damaged areas.

Figure 3-10. Selection Procedure of Repair Method for Deck Slab due to Rebar Exposure