UNIT5

Japan During
Medieval Times
Lesson 20 The Influence of Neighboring Cultures on Japan
Lesson 21 Heian-kyo: The Heart of Japans Golden Age
Lesson 22 The Rise of the Warrior Class in Japan
 To complete each Geography Challenge card, answer the questions in complete

136
sentences. Label the map on the opposite page as directed.

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Geography Challenge 5
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Question 6 _______________________________________________________________________________________________
GEOGRAPHY CHALLENGE 5

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Teachers Curriculum Institute

 GEOGRAPHY CHALLENGE 5

E
W
S

0 100 200 miles

0 100 200 kilometers

Population (People per Square Mile)

Teachers Curriculum Institute Japan Geography Challenge 137

 PREVIEW 20
The items shown below can all be found in the United States. In the chart,
list what aspect of American culture each item represents. For example,
an item might represent art, literature, religion, government, clothing,
music, or food. Then state whether you think the item was first developed
in the United States or was borrowed from another country.

Aspect of Culture From the U.S. or Borrowed

Item Represented from Another Country?

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 READING NOTES 20
Follow these steps for Sections 20.3 to 20.10:
1. Complete the chart.
2. Color the country where the cultural idea developed. Use the color that
appears on the map on page 220 of your book.
3. Use arrows to show how the idea reached Japan. It may have come
directly to Japan or traveled through other countries to get there.
4. Respond to the statement below the chart.

20.3 Government
Letters of the Matching Cards

Country the Card Represents

Describe the cultural idea that the Japanese adopted and any
changes they made to it.

20.4 City Design

Letters of the Matching Cards

Country the Card Represents

Describe the cultural idea that the Japanese adopted and any
changes they made to it.

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 READING NOTES 20
20.5 Religion

Letters of the Matching Cards

Country the Card Represents

Describe the cultural idea that the Japanese adopted and any
changes they made to it.

20.6 Writing
Letters of the Matching Cards

Country the Card Represents

Describe the cultural idea that the Japanese adopted and any
changes they made to it.

20.7 Literature
Letters of the Matching Cards

Country the Card Represents

Describe the cultural idea that the Japanese adopted and any
changes they made to it.

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 READING NOTES 20
20.8 Sculpture

Letters of the Matching Cards

Country the Card Represents

Describe the cultural idea that the Japanese adopted and any
changes they made to it.

20.9 Architecture
Letters of the Matching Cards

Country the Card Represents

Describe the cultural idea that the Japanese adopted and any
changes they made to it.

20.10 Music
Letters of the Matching Cards

Country the Card Represents

Describe the cultural idea that the Japanese adopted and any
changes they made to it.

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 PROCESSING 20
For each cultural idea you studied, write one or two sentences to explain
how the idea reached Japan and what happened to it there. An example is
done for you.
Cultural Diffusion in Japan
Government Literature

City Design Sculpture

Religion Architecture

Writing Music

New musical instruments and

musical forms reached Japan from
China, where the Japanese adopted
many of them without change.

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 PREVIEW 21
Goody Goofus attended an elegant, formal dinner party last week.
Unfortunately for Goody, the hostess will probably never invite him
again. Read the description of his behavior at the party to see why.
Circle all the things Goody did that some people might think are
inconsiderate of others or impolite.

Goody Goofus Goes to a Dinner Party

Last week, Goody Goofus attended a formal dinner party. When
the guests entered the dining room, Goody rushed past those in front
of him. He quickly sat down and noticed he was seated next to Mrs.
Witherby, who had entered the room right behind him. Goody grabbed
his napkin and tucked it inside his collar.
He was starving, so he reached across Mrs. Witherby to take a
piece of bread from the breadbasket. He buttered the entire piece and
took a large bite. Then he set the bread down on the table next to his
fork.
When the soup arrived, Goody picked up the bowl and drank
down its contents. Then the salad came. Goody stabbed a piece of
lettuce with his fork and began to nibble it. He knew he shouldnt
put the entire piece of lettuce into his mouth at once.
The main course was a half of a chicken. Goody tore off the wing
and drumstick. Then he ate each piece with his fingers. When he had
finished, he licked his fingers because they were quite greasy.
For dessert, the hostess served ice cream topped with strawberries.
Goody doesnt like strawberries, so he picked them off and dropped
them into his water glass. After dessert, Goody pushed his chair back
from the table and burped loudly.
As Goody left the party, he told the hostess that he had had a
wonderful time and hoped he would be invited again. The hostess
just smiled.

Teachers Curriculum Institute Heian-kyo: The Heart of Japans Golden Age 143
 READING NOTES 21
At each station, read the station directions. Then read the related section
in Chapter 21. Complete the Reading Notes for that section on the
corresponding dividing-room screen.

Station A: Section 21.2 3. Quickly sketch and label a drawing to illustrate

1. What will you do about the screen? Why? an important idea about how wealthy families
lived in Heian-kyo.

2. Why did the emperor move the capital from

Nara to Heian-kyo?

Station B: Section 21.3 3. Quickly sketch and label a drawing to illustrate

1. How did you treat Fujiwara Michinaga? Why? an important idea about the Fujiwara family.

2. List two ways the Fujiwara family was able to

exercise power despite not being the formal
rulers of Japan.

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 READING NOTES 21

Station C: Section 21.4 3. Quickly sketch and label a drawing to illustrate

1. What will you do with the fan? Why? an important idea about Heian social position.
For example, you might draw a nobleman
receiving taxes from a peasant.

2. What determined the rank a person held during

the Heian period?

Station D: Section 21.5 3. Quickly sketch and label a drawing to illustrate

1. What tips would you give a woman about how an important idea about Heian beauty, fashion,
to apply cosmetics? and manners. For example, you might draw
and color the face of a woman who would have
been considered beautiful.

2. How was a person judged during the Heian

period?

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 READING NOTES 21

Station H: Section 21.6 3. Quickly sketch and label a drawing to illustrate

1. Write the number of times you were able to an important idea about recreation during the
kick the ball to each other without it touching Heian period.
the ground and the number of stones you were
able to balance on your finger.

2. Describe what happened during a bugaku

performance.

Station E: Section 21.7 3. How did the process of carving statues change
1. What will you say to your host about the during this period?
statue?

2. Which work of art will you praise, Painting 1 4. What changes were made in painting?
or Painting 2? Why?

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 READING NOTES 21

Station F: Section 21.8 3. Quickly sketch and label a drawing to illustrate

1. Why did women become such famous authors an important idea about writing and literature
during this time? during the Heian period. For example, you
might draw a woman with a brush.

2. Identify who wrote each of these books, and

briefly describe what is in each:
The Tale of Genji:

Pillow Book:

Station G: Section 21.9 3. Quickly sketch and label a drawing to illustrate

1. What should your attitude toward the poor be an important idea about the end of the Heian
if you want the aristocrats to accept you? period.

2. List three reasons the Heian period came to

an end.

Teachers Curriculum Institute Heian-kyo: The Heart of Japans Golden Age 147
 PREVIEW 22
Check the skills, knowledge, and values that you believe should be taught
to American soldiers.

1. Swimming

2. The use of a rifle

3. Driving a motor vehicle

4. Acceptance of hardships without complaint

5. The use of a knife

6. Dancing

7. The use of a computer

8. Basic religious beliefs

9. Language of the enemy

10. World history

11. Geneva Convention (states the rules of war)

12. Literature appreciation

13. Dinner manners

14. The operation of a two-way radio

15. Code of Military Conduct (outlines how soldiers should

behave during battle or when captured)

16. Art appreciation

17. Unquestioning obedience to orders

18. The operation of a grenade launcher

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 READING NOTES 22
22.2 The Rise of the Samurai
1. Explain how these two figures are related. For example, what does
each figure promise the other?

Samurai Shogun

2. Explain how these two figures are related.

Samurai Daimyo

22.3 The Samurais Armor and Weapons

1. Label three important parts of the samurais armor.
2. Label the samurais weapon.
3. Add one additional weapon to the drawing. Label it.

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 READING NOTES 22
22.4 Military Training and Fighting
1. Write one interesting detail about a samurais training
in archery.

2. Write one interesting detail about a samurais training to

use the sword.

3. In the voice bubble, write what a samurai might say

before a battle.

22.5 Mental Training

1. In the thought bubble, write what a samurai should think
about every day to overcome his fear of death.

2. In the space below, write an example of how samurai were

trained to be at all times.

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 READING NOTES 22
22.6 Training in Writing and Literature
1. Above the samurai, draw an example of a calligraphy character
a samurai might practice.

2. What is haiku?

22.7 Training for the Tea Ceremony

Around the samurai, draw and label three objects a samurai would see
when he attended a tea ceremony.

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 READING NOTES 22
22.8 Training in Spiritual Strength
1. In the thought bubble, write something to show how a
samurai would prove his devotion to Amida Buddha.

2. Sketch a Zen garden below. Label what each item in the

garden stands for.

3. Explain how one can achieve enlightenment

according to Zen Buddhism.

22.9 The Code of Bushido and Samurai Values

1. In the thought bubble, write how the samurai believed he
should act toward his lord.

2. List at least three reasons a samurai might commit seppuku.

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 READING NOTES 22
22.10 Women in Samurai Society
1. Draw a 12th-century samurai woman next to the male samurai.
The size of the woman should show her status in the 12th century
as compared to a samurai man at this time.

2. How did the position of samurai women change from the 12th to the
17th century?

154 Lesson 22 Teachers Curriculum Institute

 PROCESSING 22
Compare and contrast western Europe in the Middle Ages with the
samurai society of Japan by completing the Venn diagram below.
Consider these questions:
Who were the military leaders in Europe and Japan during these
periods? How were they alike? How were they different?
Who were large landowners in Europe and Japan during these periods?
How were they alike? How were they different?
Who were the warriors in Europe and Japan during these periods?
How were they alike? How were they different?

Samurai Society Western Europe in

of Japan the Middle Ages

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 TIMELINE CHALLENGE 5
Use information on the timeline below to help you complete the
missing parts of Items AF. When completed, each item should
include the following:
the date(s) and a short written description of the item.
a simple symbol or drawing to represent the item. A. 552
an appropriate geometric shape surrounding the symbol or _________________ is
drawing. These shapes correspond to the categories listed introduced to Japan.
above the right side of the timeline.
a color bar or dot in the appropriate location on the timeline.
a line connecting the bar or dot to the geometric shape.

400 500 600 700 800

C.E. C. E . C.E. C .E. C.E.

D. 593 628 E. ________

Prince Shotoku Construction of the oldest surviving
rules Japan. five-storied pagoda begins.

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 TIMELINE CHALLENGE 5

Social Structure Government Religion Arts Technology Writing and Literature

B. 800 900 C. 1192

Hiragana writing develops. The first _____________ is appointed.

800 900 1000 1100 1200

C.E. C. E . C.E. C .E. C.E.

F. 794 1185
Aristocrats lead a golden age of culture
during the ____________ period.

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