Beruflich Dokumente
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Just Visiting This Planet, Dr. Neil DeGrasse Tyson, PG 286, 1998.
1970s Demonstrated that mathematically there exists a negative black hole one that regurgitates
matter rather than eats it. Every Black Hole connected to a white hole through a tunnel-like
wormhole.
Cosmos, Dr. Carl Sagan, pgs 185,194-195, 197-198, 204, 205, 210,221, 1980.
-Wormholes (Cosmic Umbilical Cords) - Wormholes are theoretically used to get from one place to
another in the Cosmic Universe without covering the intervening distance through a Black Hole. We
can imagine these wormholes as tubes running through a fourth physical dimension.
-Quasar (QSO/Quasi Stellar Objects) A quasar is the energy released when gas and dust and stars
fall into an immense black hole in the core of such a galaxy perhaps itself the product of ages of
collision and coalescence of smaller black holes. A funneling and eventual emergence into view of
matter pouring into a multitude of Black Holes in other parts of the Universe, or even in other
(Cosmic) Universes.
Copyright 1992 Booker T. Coleman, Jr. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
P.O. Box 753040, Bronx, NY 10475-0761
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Per Ankh (House of Life) An African-centered educational plan for the 21st century: an idea whose time has come.
-Black Hole A Black Hole is a bottomless pit What happens if you fall in? As seen from the
outside, you would take an infinite amount of time to fall in, because ill your clocks- mechanical and
biological would be perceived as having stopped. But from your point of view, all your clocks would
be ticking away normally. If you could somehow survive, the gravitational tides and radiation flux
and if the Black Hole were rotating, it is just possible that you might emerge in another part of space-
time somewhere else in space, somewhere else in time. Such wormholes (Cosmic Umbilical Cords) in
space, a little like those in, have been seriously suggested, although they have by no means been
proven to exist. Might gravity tunnels provide a kind of interstellar or intergalactic subway,
permitting us to travel to inaccessible places much more rapidly then we could in the ordinary way.
Can Black Holes serve as time/space machine carrying us to the remote past or distant future?
Pg 198 A helpful way to understand black holes is to think about the curvature of space. Consider a
flat, flexible, lined two-dimensional surface, like a piece of graph paper made of rubber. If we drop a
small mass, the surface is deformed or puckered. A marble rolls around the pucker in a orbit like trhat
of a planet around the Sun. In this interpretation, which we owe to Einstein, gravity is a distortion in
the fabric of space. In our example, we see two-dimensional space warped by mass into a third
physical dimension. Imagine we live in a three-dimensional universe, locally distorted by matter into
a fourth physical dimension that we cannot perceive directly. The greater the local mass, the more
intense the loc al gravity, and the more severe the pucker, distortion or warp of space. In this analogy,
a black hole is a kind of bottomless pit. What happens if you fall in? As seen from the outside, you
would take an infinite amount of time to fall in, because all your clocks-mechanical and biological-
would be perceived as ha vying stopped. But from your point of view, all your clocks would be
ticking away normally. If you could somehow survive the gravitational tides and radiation flux, and (a
likely assumption) if the black hole were rotating, it is just possible that you might emerge in another
part of space-time-somewhere else in space, somewhen else in time. Such worms holes in space, a
little like those in an apple, have been seriously suggested, although they have by no means been
proved to exist. Might gravity tunnels provide a kind of interstellar or inter galactic subway,
permitting us to travel to inaccessible places much more rapidly than we could in the ordinary way?
Can black holes serve as time machines, carrying us to the remote past or the distant future? The fact
that such ideas are being discussed even en semi-seriously shows how surreal the universe may be.
Copyright 1992 Booker T. Coleman, Jr. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
P.O. Box 753040, Bronx, NY 10475-0761
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Per Ankh (House of Life) An African-centered educational plan for the 21st century: an idea whose time has come.
Black Holes, Pg 3
This childrens book is entitled, Journey into a Black Hole, Franklyn M. Branley,
(Harper and Row Jr:NY), 1986.
Stars seem to last forever. But they dont. The Sun is our star. It is much, much bigger than the
Earth. It has been shifting for 5 billion years. It will probably shine for another 5 billion years, Thats
a long, long time. But it is not forever. Stars are born, they last a long time, and then they die out.
Stars are made of hot gases, mostly hydrogen and helium. The gas particles are spread far apart. After
a long time, the gases cool. Then the stars collapse. Gravity pulls the gases toward the center. The
gases pack closer and closer together.
The gases in a star like the Sun may be packed into a space even smaller than the Earth.
Copyright 1992 Booker T. Coleman, Jr. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
P.O. Box 753040, Bronx, NY 10475-0761
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Per Ankh (House of Life) An African-centered educational plan for the 21st century: an idea whose time has come.
Some stars contain a much greater amount of gases than the Sun. These stars have greater mass. A
star with more mass than the Sun packs together more tightly. It becomes a black hole.
It is called a black hole because no light can escape from it. Material can go into it but can never come
out. A black hole is more like a ball of gases packed together very tightly than it is like a hole.
We cannot see a black hole, but we know it is there.
A black hole has strong gravity. It pulls on a nearby star. The star changes position as the black hole
pulls on it. We can see this neighbor star. And we can see it move from side to side.
Strong X rays also tell us where there is a black hole. As gases are pulled toward a black hole, X rays
are made just outside the hole itself. We can pick up those X rays with X-ray telescopes. So we have
another clue to a black hole. Suppose you could go a black hole. What would happen? No one really
knows. It would have to be a make-believe journey. We are sure no one could ever return, so it would
be a one-way trip.
After traveling a long, long time from Earth you would get close to a bright star called HDE226868. It
is millions of times brighter than the Sun. It is a large, blue star in Cygnus, the swan. Thats a
constellation we can see in the skies of summer.
You see gases stream away from the star and pulled into space. After swirling about, they form a
stream that flows into a place close by. Thats where the black hole is located. The gases give off X-
rays, and then they disappear. The black hole is pulling the star apart.
As you get closer to the black hole, gravity becomes millions of times greater than gravity is on Earth.
Strange things begin to happen. Say you are moving feet first. Gravity at your feet is much stronger
than it is at your head. Your feet are pulled more than your head because they are closer to the black
hole. You are stretched out. Your body gets longer and longer, thinner and thinner.
A thousand miles from the black hole you would be very long, and then you would be pulled apart.
But suppose that somehow you were able to stay together and move even closer.
You move faste3r and faster toward the black hole. Your reach the edge and are bombarded by X-
rays. All of a sudden you are over the edge and inside the black hole.
Gravity is so strong it pulls you apart. You become separate atoms. And the atoms are broken into
pieces of atoms. You are packed into the hole with more and more gas from HDE 226868. There is
so much gas and it is packed so tightly together, a single thimbleful weighs billions of tons.
Dont worry if you cannot imagine anything so heavy. No one can. It is incredible. Everything about
black holes is incredible.
We cannot prove there are b black holes. But astronomers believe there may be billions of them.
There may be great big ones, and also very small ones. Whenever a massive star collapses, it probably
becomes a black hole. And stars have been collapsing for billions of years.
No one will ever be able to go to a black hole. No one would ever want to. But should anyone ever
invite you on such a journey, dont go. It would be a one-way trip.
Copyright 1992 Booker T. Coleman, Jr. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.