MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE

The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are the ones
commonly used.

RELATIONS

1. a m a n = a m+n

2. a m a n = a mn

3. (am)n = am n

4. Distance = ( x 2x 1 )2+( y 2 y1 )2
Jarak = ( x 2x 1 )2+( y 2 y1 )2
x 1+ x 2 y1 + y2
5. Mid Point (x , y) = 2 , 2

x 1+ x 2 y1 + y2
Titik tengah (x , y) = 2 , 2

6. Pythagoras Theorem c2 = a2 + b2

SHAPES AND SPACE (BENTUK DAN RUANG)

1. Area of rectangle = length width

Luas segi empat = panjang x lebar

1
2. Area of triangle = 2 base height

1
Luas segi tiga = 2 tapak tinggi

3. Area of parallelogram = base height

Luas parallelogram = tapak x tinggi

 1
4. Area of trapezium = 2 sum of parallel side height

1
Luas trapezium = 2 hasil tambah garis selari tinggi

5. Circumference of circle = d = 2 j

Lilitan bulatan = d = 2 j

6. Area of circle = j2

Luas bulatan = j2

7. Curved surface area of cylinder = 2 jt

Luas permukaan melengkung bagi silinder = 2 jt

8. Surface area of sphere = 4 j2

Luas permukaan sfera = 4 j2

9. Volume of right prism = cross sectional area length

Isipadu prisma tegak = luas keratan rentas panjang

10. Volume of cuboid = length width height

Isipadu kuboid = panjang lebar tinggi

11. Volume of cylinder = j2t

Isipadu silinder = j2t

1
12. Volume of cone = 3 j2t

1
Isipadu kon = 3 j2t

4
13. Volume of sphere = 3 j3

4
Isipadu sfera = 3 j3