Exercises 1-2

A. Which coordinator would you use to connect the two clauses in these
sentences? Write either but or yet in the blank space.
1a. Too much sun damages the skin, ....... many people still do not use sunscreen.
b. Too much sun damages the skin, ........too little sun also causes health problems.
2a. The company's sales increased last year,...... its profits declined.
b. The company moved its marketing division to Phoenix,....... the operations
division stayed in Boston.
3a. Population growth has slowed in most developing countries, .....it has not slowed
enough to avoid serious problems.
b. The fertility rate in India has decreased from 6 to 3 births per female, ..... India's
population is expanding at the rate of 18 millionper year.

B.Write your new sentences on a separatesheet of paper, and punctuate them

correctly. The first one has been done for you as an example. (FANBOYS)
1. Nuclear accidents can happen. Nuclear power plants must
have strict safety controls.Nuclear accidents can happen, so
nuclear power plants must have strict safety controls.
2. The accident at the nuclear power plant at Three Mile Island
in the UnitedStates created fears about the safety of this
energy source. The disaster atChernobyl in the former
Soviet Union confirmed them.
3. Solar heating systems are economical to operate. The cost
of installation isvery high.
4. Energy needs are not going to decrease. Energy sources
are not going toincrease. (Use nor and question word order
in the second clause, deletingthe word not).
5. Burning fossil fuels causes serious damage to our planet.
We need todevelop other sources of energy.
6. Ecologists know that burning fossil fuels causes holes in the
ozone layer. People continue to do it
7. Developing nations especially will continue this harmful
practice. They donot have the money to develop "clean"
energy sources.

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8. All nations of the world must take action. Our children and
grandchildrenwill suffer the consequences.
9. Students must pay their tuition and fees before they register
for classes ,otherwise..............
10. My roommate scored high on the English placement test
as a result..............
11. Tuition and fees increase every year for
example.........................
B. Combine the two sentences in each pair to malce a new
sentence containing an adjective clause in the object
pattern.
The first one has been done for you as an example.
1. John Fish explained the complex structure of DNA. He is a
research chemist.
John Fish, who is a research chemist,explained the
complexstructure of DNA.
2. While he lectured, he showed us a slide. The slide
diagrammed the doublehelix structure of DNA.
3. Words in English are often difficult for foreigners to
pronounce. They begin with the consonants th.
4. Foreigners also have difficulty with English spelling. English
spelling is not always consistent with its pronunciation.
5. Albert Einstein was a high school dropout. The world
recognizes him as a genius.
6. As a young boy, Einstein had trouble in elementary and high
school. He attended these schools in Germany.
7. He did poorly in certain subjects such as history and
languages. He disliked them.
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8. The only subjects were mathematics and physics. He
enjoyed them.
9. He developed theories. We use his theories to help us
understand the nature of the universe.
10. Einstein is best known for his general theory of relativity.
He began to develop this theory while living in Switzerland.

D. Underline the independent clause of each sentence with

a solid line and
Underline the dependent clause with a broken line.

1. When students from other countries come to the United

States, they often suffer from culture shock.
2. Because financial aid is difficult to obtain, many students
have to workpart-time.
3. Please tell me where the student union is.
4. Engineers, who have an aptitude for drafting and
mechanics, must also beartistic and imaginative.
5. While the contractor follows the blueprint, the engineer
checks theconstruction in progress.
6. Since the blueprint presents the details of the engineer's
plans, it must beinterpreted accurately by the contractor.
7. Students should declare a major by their junior year unless
they have notmade up their minds.
8. Even though students declare a major now, they can
changeit later.
9. The government says that inflation is holding steady.

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10. Economists are concerned that the rate of inflation will
double if thegovernment does not take immediate steps to
control it.