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IDEAS WTS MDS PROSTHODONTICS Explanations

Exp
1. C. Restore the maxillary molar to a satisfactory For anterior teeth there is no subdivision as anatomic,
plane of occlusion with a cast restoration semianatomic and non anatomic teeth.
Sometimes a patients occlusion is disrupted by
11. D. Ridge-lap
supraerupted teeth Often considerable reduction is needed
to compensate for the supraeruption Sometimes even 12. C. Mandibular buccal cusp
endodontic treatment is necessary to make enough room. In lingualised occlusion, the maxillary lingual cusp
When these teeth are prepared for restoration, the eventual occlude with the mandibular non anatomic or semi
occlusal plane must be carefully analyzed and the teeth anatomic teeth.
reduced accordingly. Under these circumstances an 13. A. An occlusal offset
apparent violation of the principles of conservation of
tooth structure is preferable to the potential harm from a 14. C. 0.3 - 0.5 mm
traumatic occlusal scheme. The thickness of enamel is Minimum thickness required for rigidity and strength of
between 2.5mm at the cusp tips to 2.0mm at the incisal coping.
edges If we cut the tooth by 3mm, we will have stripped 15. D. A weak restoration
off the enamel and cut down into dentin exposing the tooth As it is required for structural durability.
to greater sensitivity and making it more susceptible to
wear and caries destruction. If we extract the opposing 16. A. Mandible
tooth, we are left with an edentulous space.Replacing it In the first year the resorption of mandible is 4 times as
with a bridge requires us to cut down two unaffected teeth much as in maxilla
on either side. We then have a bridge which is more of a 17. D. All of the above
challenge to maintain. If we reduce and crown only the All the following will lead to concentration of stresses at
supererupeted tooth, then we need only treat one tooth, as the midline of denture.
opposed to three. We also have a single unit crown which
is easier to maintain. 18. A. Massetor
Out of all four, Masseter is the only border limiting muscle
2. A. Medium depth with a well defined incline of the which becomes activated on opening and closing the
rugae area mouth.
Medium depth with well defined inclines provides the
maximum stability against horizontal forces. 19. A. Massetor
Dual muscle as Both muscle of mastication and border
3. B. Slightly buccal limiting muscle.
The resorption pattern in the anterior region is inwards and
upwards in the maxilla. Placing the teeth slightly Buccal 20. B. Lesser strength
replicates the natural position of the teeth best. Material properties.

4. A. 2mm 21. C. 2 mm
2.0 mm is the minimum thickness required for adequate Best for periodontal reasons so as to maintain biological
strength of the denture. width.

5. B. After 48 hours 22. A. 15

As immediately any occlusal corrections are not possible With the width of the teeth becoming halved the arc of
as teeth have been extracted at the same appointment. rotation can now be increased without compromising in
retention and resistance form, and thus the taper can be
6. C. Decreased inter-arch space doubled to 15.
As it would lead to increased occlusal forces and thus
increased deflective forces. 23. B. Palatoglossus
Muscle anatomy
7. A. Onlay graft
The bodys take up of an onlay graft is the least of all. 24. D. Both (B) and (C) above
It records the teeth in anatomic position and tissue in
8. C. Both of the above functional position. The tissue are recorded using a special
SPA concept is for the selection, arrangement and tary using either ZnOE or light body elastomer which
characterization of denture teeth according to patients age, leads to detailed impression.
sex and personality.
25. C. 1st molar
9. D. None of the above In maxilla, 1st molar is visible on smiling.
All are indications.
26. D. None of the above
10. D. Any of the above Balanced occlusion is the preferred scheme ( Better
stability)
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IDEAS WTS MDS PROSTHODONTICS Explanations
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27. C. Vertical dimension of mobile, periodontally involved teeth, than if the
Physiological rest position is same as Vertical dimension opposing teeth are periodontally sound.
at rest. VDR = VDO + free way space.
41. A. Exceeds the firing temperature of porcelain
28. B. Hanau As higher temp leads to a formation of a stable oxide layer.
29. D. Impression 42. C. Both of the above
Objectives of impression making. Preservation of alveolar
43. D. Inlays, crowns and bridges
ridge, Retention, Esthetics, Stability and support.
Targis and vectris is a example of fiber reinforced
30. A. Shrinkage composite.
Therefore dentures should always be stored in water.
44. A. In-Ceram
31. C. Buccal cusps Rest all can be used for anterior singe crowns only.
Maxillary: Palatal cusps and Mandibular: Buccal Cusp
45. B. Metamerism
32. A. Resin bonded retainer
46. A. Maxillary canine
The preparation is restricted in enamel only.
Normally canine has a slighty higher hue than adjacent
33. C. The 100Fwater bath which allows the teeth.
crystallization process to go to completion
47. B. 1.3 1.5 mm
The nuclei of crystallization push each other apart causing
Provides adequate space for both metal coping and
expansion.
porcelain veneer.
34. D. Incorrect design of cast backing
48. C. Full crowns
Therefore the junction between metal and porcelain should
partial veneer crowns are only all metal crowns.
be butt joint.
49. A. Nickel-chromium alloys
35. C. Fritting
Involves the breakdown into smaller particles. 50. D. Corners of the teeth
Can be placed with ease and provides adequate space for
36. B. Convex with no undercuts
placement
Porcelain is bonded to metal by chemical bond and
mechanical interlocking created by roughned surface by 51. C. Either A or B
sandblasting of coping and do not require undercuts for Both ultrafine diamond and mutifluted carbide burs can be
retention. Sharp angles will lead to Fracture of porcelain. used for finishing of tooth preparation.
37. C. For the replacement of anterior teeth in children 52. D. All of the above
Indication of resin bonded FPD Connectors may be rigid (cast and soldered) and non
rigid.
38. D. 90
For structural durability. 53. A. Harmony facing
39. B. 1:1 54. D. 8mm
Optimum : 2:3, Ideal 1:2 Minimum width of strap should be 8 mm
40. B. when the opposing teeth are artificial or 55. C. Nail bead
periodontally compromised. 56. A. Open lattice work and mesh work
Crown-Root Ratio: This ratio is a measure of the length of Space is required for the acrylic portion of the RPD to
the tooth occlusal to the alveolar crest of bone compared flow below the metal framework.
with the length of root embedded in the bone. Optimum is
2:3 Minimum 1:1 There are situations in which a crown- 57. A. Glazed porcelain
root ratio grater than 1:1 might be considered adequate. If As it attracts the least deposits because of the smoothest
the occlusion opposing a proposed fixed partial denture is surface.
composed of artificial teeth, occlusal force will be 58. C. Mandibular canines
diminished, with less stress on the abutment teeth. The Because of the root surface area and location of the
occlusal force against a prosthetic device has been shown canines in the arch.
26.0 lb for removable partial dentures and 54.5 lb for fixed
partial dentures versus 150.0 lb for natural teeth. For the 59. A. Kennedy
same reasons, an abutment tooth with a less than desirable 60. A. Circumferential clasp
crown-root ratio is more likely to successfully support a Gingival approaching clasp are roachs clasps.
fixed partial denture if the opposing occlusion is composed
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IDEAS WTS MDS PROSTHODONTICS Explanations
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61. C. Vertical projection clasp 82. C. Only speeds above 20,000 rpm should be used in
Circumferential clasp have pull type of retention. drilling
Implants are drilled at low speed with torque control.
62. B. In the firing of porcelain
It is a tray with a honey comb like pattern ( many holes in 83. C. 1.5 mm
it) so as to hold the coping stands. 1.0 mm for non centric and 2.0 mm for centric cusp ( more
bulk required for more occlusal forces)
63. B. Away from ridge
Indirect retainers are those that resist the movement of the 84. B. Before making plaster interocclusal records
denture base away from the tissues. As it helps in verification of centric.
64. C. Krol (1973) 85. C. Proximal half crown
65. A. Mesial rest 86. B. Level of the upper lip during natural smiling
RPI system includes Mesial Rest , Proximal plate and I
87. D. Nerves and ligaments
Bar clasp.
Centric relation is a maxillo mandibular relationship
66. C. A and B determined by the action of nerves and ligaments
Tripod marks cannot be marked on surface involved in
88. D.Lower central incisor's contact point
preparation or modification.
The length of the line is 4 inch. The other two points are
67. A. Buccal and lingual surfaces condlyes
So as to aid in the placement of clasps.
89. D. Maxillary canine
68. C. Hinged labial or buccal bar Because of loading (Canine guided occlusion) canine take
up the maximum lateral load
69. D. Conventional Major connector
Swing lock denture includes a conventional mandibular 90. D. 600 N and 110 N
major connector and a hinged labial or buccal bar.
91. D. A high V- shaped palate
70. A. Equal Leads to rocking movement.
71. B. 32x106 psi 92. D. Bennet movement
0.5 mm to 1.5 mm
72. A. Bailyn
93. B. Castable ceramic crown
73. D. Base
Castble ceramic require slighty more reduction than
As it contacts the tissues and determines broad stress
conventiona all ceramic crown.
distribution.
94. D. 2-3 mm less
74. A. Is non retentive and serves to resist lateral
Equal to free way space.
movement
Whenever the retentive arm passes through the height of 95. C. 6
contour. Used for recording mandibular movements.
75. C. Silicophosphate 96. D. 5
Angle of convergence= Degree of taper of each wall (5 + 5
76. C. Godfreys
= 10 in this case)
77. A. All metal pontic 97. B. Conventional magnets
As will only require metal procesing Other two are methods of retaining conventional dentures
78. B. Mesiolingually 98. B. 100 mm
Normal tooth movt. In mandibular arch is mesial and Average is normally 100- 110mm.
lingual in posterior region.
99. B. 15%
79. D. Easy to manipulate
100. A. Over firm foundation tissue
All others are disadvantages and are not true statements.
Therefore in maxilla no teeth should be placed on the
80. D. 2200-2600 sqmm tuberosity.
Which is twice than that of mandible
101. C. The ridges have resorbed and adaptation of
81. D. All of the above dentures is poor
As it allows for more ease in modification. Other problems cannot be corrected by reining and would
require fabrication of a new denture.

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IDEAS WTS MDS PROSTHODONTICS
102. D. Lies just anterior to the retromolar pad
Retromolar papilla lies at the area of extracted third molar.
103. B. Maxillary lateral incisor
Most common location of cantilever bridge using canine as
abutment.
104. B. Must be decreased
Freeway space is maximum in Class II relationship and
east in class III relationship.
105. A. Repeatable and recordable
Centric relation is a bone to bone relation which is
repeatable, recordable and reproducible.
106. A. Are the only consistently repeatable positions
Border position are repeatable where as intra border
positions are not repeatable consistently.
107. A. Poor neuromuscular coordination
As it is difficult to record a position where to make them
interdigitate.
108. C. Central and lateral incisors and first premolar
In mandibular canine replacement, the lateral incisor are
not suited for the load bearing.
109. B. 33
110. B. 25- 40 m
111. A. Length of the clasp arm is increased
Increasing the length of the clasp increases the flexibility
of clasp.
112. A. Angle of cervical convergence of the tooth
Angle of cervical convergence of tooth has no effect on the
flexibility of clasp arm.
113. B. Class I and Class II
Indirect retainers are indicated in distal extension bases
and long span class IV cases.
114. A. Arcon
Better mimics the arc of closure of mandible as it
represents the actual anatomy of the patients mouth.
115. D. At the junction of the middle and gingival
thirds
Reciprocal clasp arm is to be placed above the height of
contour.
116. A. Incorporating distilled water for condensation
Refer anusavice for detailed explanation of each method of
porcelain strengthening.
117. A. Transfer the design from the diagnostic cast to
the master cast
118. A. Half oval
The flat surface is towards the tissues and the convex
surface is towards the oral cavity.
119. C. Simple circlet clasp
4
Explanations
Exp
120. B. V
Modication of kennedy classification by Applegate.
121. C. Full mouth reconstruction
Provides the best directed occlusal forces along the long
axis of teeth.
122. C. Embrasure clasp
Design of clasp
123. A. A RPD opposing a complete denture
So as to provide balanced occlusion.
124. A. 0.3 mm
Minimum thickness required to provide adequate strength
and prevent distortion during porcelain firing.
125. B. That it may not be rigid enough
The bulk of lingual bar is less so it is not rigid.
126. B. Is more prone to breakage or damage
Because of having a wrought wire retentive clasp arm.
127. A. Is more esthetic
Because of lesser surface area coverage by I bar.
128. C. Buccal
Normally used for the purpose of retention.
129. A. Position and the action of the masseter muscle
Masseteric notch area
130. C. At the mesiofacial or distofacial line angle
As it has to below the height of contour and have enough
length to be suffiecenty flexible.
131. B. Class III
As it is tooth borne in nature.
132. C. Lingual tissues slope towards the tongue
So as to prevent injury to the fragile and thin mandibular
tissue mucosa.
133. A. 0.02 inches
134. B. 2 -4 mm
135. D. Placing an extracoronal cast restoration
Like a crown with intentional RCT.
136. C. Is more retentive
Has push type retention.
137. A. T clasp
Design of clasp.
138. D. Simple circlet clasp
139. A. Improper occlusion
Generalised soreness on the crest of the ridge is only
because of defective contacts due improper occlusion.
140. D. Hairpin clasp
Requires maximum coverage of tooth because of its hair
pin design.

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IDEAS WTS MDS PROSTHODONTICS
141. A. Class VI
142. D. Closed horse shoe
Provides the best rigidity with minimum area of coverage.
143. D. Transfer the forces on the prosthesis down the
long axis of the abutment teeth
144. D. Retentive undercut on the abutment tooth is
located adjustment to the edentulous space
Rest all are contraindications.
145. C. Swing-lock
With its hinged labial or Buccal bar
146. B. 0.5 mm thick
So as to provide enough bulk and prevent fracture.
147. C. Prior to the resection of the lesion
148. C. Lingual inclines of facial cusps of mandibular
posterior teeth
The buccal inclines of the lingual cusp of maxillary teeth
contact the Lingual inclines of facial cusps of mandibular
posterior teeth on balancing side.
149. A. Pain caused by trauma
As it causes injury to the pdl area.
150. A. A full cast metal crown
So as to be able to burnish the metal margin.
151. C. Maintaining a stable base tissue relationship
Broad stress distribution school of thought.
152. C. The cementing medium
153. B. Knife-edge
As the width is very less.
154. D. Micromechanical retention
As the metal framework is electrochemical etched.
155. D. All of the above
As it will lead to undesirable stresses.
156. B. Chamfer
Because of the angulation of the finish line and the design
of the bur used for chamfer bur.
157. A. The axial centre of opening-closing rotation
For face bow transfer it is important to determine the
terminal hinge axis location
158. A. using a water spray
159. A. 12 mm
Total mandibular lateral border movement.
160. D. An overcontoured restoration
As it will lead to more bulk.
161. D. 8 times more
It changes with the cube of span length.
162. D. Polycarbonate crowns
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Explanations
Exp
163. B. Incisal edges of maxillary and mandibular teeth
almost touching
Sibilant sounds are produced in the rest and the occluding
position.
164. A. Reduce the possibility of fracture of the metal
rest
Sharp line angles will lead to increased stresses.
165. D. None of the above
Disclosing Wax: Melted disclosing wax is placed on all
framework surfaces that will contact teeth. This will help
to determine why a framework will not seat properly. The
framework should be carefully removed from the mouth to
avoid damaging the surface of the disclosing wax and then
examined under magnification. The thickness of wax
beneath occlusal rests and indirect retainers reliably
indicates the degree to which the framework fails to seat.
The inner surface of the framework under the disclosing
wax should be examined for high spots or areas of metal
showthrough that prevent the seating of the casting. The
most common points of showthrough that interfere with
seating occur above the survey line on the teeth. These
areas generally occur under rests, at the shoulder of
circumferential clasps, under embrasure clasps and
interproximal extension of lingual plating.The located
areas of interference should be relieved by grinding the
metal showthrough, which is most efficiently
accomplished with a No. 2 round carbide bur in a high-
speed handpiece. The framework fits properly when the
disclosing wax is displaced evenly, leaving a thin film of
wax under the rests and indirect retainers.Showthrough on
areas below the survey line will not prevent the framework
from seating. This will appear as a wipe-away of the
disclosing wax, but it should not be relieved because it is
beneficial. These areas are the guiding planes that guide
the framework to place and prevent the tooth from being
rocked each time the partial denture is inserted and
withdrawn.
166. C. Supragingivally
Best from periodontal point of view.
167. B. Bone level surrounding the abutment teeth
Depends upon the Radiographic crown and root ratio.
168. B. Counteract any force transmitted by the
retentive arm
Reciprocal arms counteracts the lateral forces generated on
the abutment tooth when retentive clasp arm passes over
the height of contour.
169. C. Marginal areas
So as to prevent microleakage at margins
170. C. A 3-6 convergence towards the occlusal
So as to have best retention and resistance features.

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171. D. 1,2,3,4
One of the clinical forms of oral candidiasis is denture
stomatitis , also called chronic atrophic candidiasis.
Candidiasis is caused by an infection with a yeast-like
fungus, Candida albicans , a relative common inhabitant of
the oral cavity, GI tract, and vagina. This disease can occur
in acrylic and metal prosthesis, can be asymtomatic and
there is a high recurrence if the prosthesis is not also
treated. Treatment of the disease should include both
treatment of the tissue and the denture.
172. D. Shoulder with bevel
As it requires maximum width
173. D. Using anatomic teeth on a prominent ridge with
a broad thick base
Cross tooth, cross arch balance does not normally exist in
the natural dentition. Nonworking contacts are normally
considered not good in the natural dentition.With
nonanatomic teeth you can not get cross arch balance. You
need only to look at Hanau quint CG IG / CH OP CC =
balanced occlusion to see that cusp height at 0 degrees will
not work.One of the major purposes of cross arch balance
is to stabilize the dentures in eccentric movements. With a
class 3 partial that stabilization is not needed since the
RPD is tooth borne. A thick prominent ridge is the
indication for anatomic teeth along with repeatable centric,
and healthy tissue.A class 1 mandibular RPD bilateral
eccentric contacts of the teeth are not needed to stabilize
the denture.In the class1 maxillary RPD balanced
occlusion is desirable to compensate for the unfavorable
position of the teeth in relation to the ridge.
174. D. Terminate 0.5 mm occlusal to the gingival finish
line
175. B. Shouldn't be used in long span fixed partial
dentures because teeth can move under normal
function.
The nonridgid connector does in fact prevent the abutment
from actincg as a fulcrum. The fact that the teeth move in
normal function is the reason that you need a nonridgid
connecter. Teeth of different angulations area prime
indication for nonridgid connectors.
176. A. Extreme protrusion of the mandible
177. B. Parallelism of axial walls
Limits the path of withdrawl.
178. C. Saddle
Making it very difficult to maintain hygiene
179. D. At the middle of the retromolar pad
Answers (a), (b), (c), are simply not the anatomic
landmark classically described as the determinant of the
posterior height of the occlusal plane.
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Explanations
Exp
180. C. The pathways of the opposing cusps within the
border movements of the mandible
The functionally generated path technique is a method of
creating occlusal morphology that is shaped by all of the
determinants of mandibular movement. The functionally
generated path technique employs the use of a tracing
made in the mouth to capture pathways traveled by the
opposing cusps in mandibular function. Wax is adapted
over the occlusal surface of the prepared tooth. The patient
occludes the teeth in an intercuspal position and moves the
mandible through all excursions. The cusp tips of the
opposing teeth carve a recording of the border movements
in all mandibular positions. Stone is brushed and poured
onto the wax record in the mouth to produce a functional
core. The stone core is then utilized in the fabrication of
posterior tooth restorations. The prerequisite for the use of
this technique for the ideal restoration of a single tooth is
the presence of optimal occlusion. The technique
perpetuates existing occlusion. Correct anterior guidance
must be present with no posterior interferences.
181.D.Greater circumference of the tooth -increase arc
of displacement
Retention (improved by ideally limiting to one path of
draw) prevents removal of the restoration along the path of
insertion. Resistance prevents dislodgement under occlusal
forces-both apical and oblique. As with retention,
preparation and geometry play a key role in resistance
form. Adequate resistance depends on (1) Magnitude and
direction of the dislodging forces (2) Geometry of the
tooth preparation (3) Physical properties of the luting
agent. As you can imagine, horizontal and oblique forces
are much greater (especially in eccentric contact in
posterior teeth) than the forces needed to overcome
retention. The tooth preparation must be so shaped that
particular areas of the axial wall will prevent rotation of
the crown. Hegdahl and Silness analyzed this and
demonstrated that increased taper and rounding of axial
angles & short tooth preparations with large diameters tend
to reduce resistance. Resistance is increased with boxes
and grooves and will be greatest if the walls are
perpendicular to the direction of the applied force.
Grooves provide an anti-rotational feature and thus
provide an additional area for luting agent compression. U-
shaped grooves are better than V- shaped. Retention and
resistance are interrelated and share inseparable qualities.
182. A. Position the Maxillary cast in its Proper
Location Anterioposteriorly And Mediolaterally on the
Articulator
The facebow is an instrument that records those special
relationships and is then used for the attachment of the
maxillary casts to the articulator used to mount the
maxillary cast on the articulator
183. A. Lingual

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For a th crown the buccal surface is left intact.
184. A. Parallel to the inclination of the cusp plane it
opposes
So as to provide the best structural durability for
restoration.
185. D. All of the above
Crown margins should be apical to other restorative
margins on the tooth. Crown length does influence the
placement of crown margins. The longer the crown length
the more retentive the crown all other factors remaining
equal. So with a short crown you may need a more apical
margin than you would on a long tooth. Nothing directly in
the books about this but since the subgingival margin is
harder to clean than a supragingival. A patient with
substandard oral hygiene practices would be able to clean
supragingival easier. So if the option was available you
would choose supragingival. You may ask why are you
placing gold in a patient that can not clean his teeth - good
question but this is pros and they don't seem to worry
about that sometimes. Another scenario is a patient that
abrades the cervical of his teeth with a toothbrush. A
crown margin that covered that area would be indicated.
Periodontal considerations, especially the biologic width,
do influence margin placement. Encroaching on the 2 mm
biologic width (Gargulio) is contraindicated.
186. D. All of the above
Will compromise the esthetics (thin tapering teeth and
malaligned teeth) and presence of deep overbite will lead
to increased forces.
187. D. None of the above
All are effective in moisture control.
188. C. Above the crest of the free gingiva
The best results can be expected from margins that are as
smooth as possible and are fully exposed to a cleansing
action the finish line should be placed in an area where the
margins of the restoration can finished by the dentist and
kept clean by the patient. The practice of routinely placing
margins subgingivally is no longer acceptable. its
recommended to place the margin supragingival whenever
possible subgingival margins are likely to cause gingival
inflammation.
189. B. Maxillary central incisor
Teeth in Esthetic zone
190. C. Mandibular first molar
In case of thin knife edge ridge in posterior region.
191. C. 2,3
Partial protection of the pulp can be provided by the
application of two thin layers of copal cavity varnish.
This patially seals the dentinal tubules and protects the
pulp from the phosphoric acid. Cement is mixed with a
circular motion over a wide area glass slap cooled in tap
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Explanations
Exp
water and wiped dry must be mixed slowly over a wide
area on a cool glass slab to insure that a maximum amount
of powder can be incorporated into a mix.
192. C. Lateral incisor abutment, central incisor pontic
The root surface area of the abutment teeth have to equal
or surpass that of the teeth being replaced with pontics.
193. B. A patient whose cuspid is worn and shows no
evidence of traumatic occlusion
Group function (also known as unilateral balanced
occlusion) had its origin in the work of Schuyler et al
who began to observe the destructive nature of tooth
contact on the nonworking side (best to eliminate all
tooth contact on the nonworking side). Unilateral balance
occlusion calls for all teeth on the working side to be in
contact during lateral excursion AND teeth on the
nonworking side are to be free of contact. The group
function of the teeth on the working side distributes the
occlusal load. The absence of contact on the nonworking
side prevents those teeth from being subjected to the
destructive, obliquely directed forces found in nonworking
interferences. A. The anatomic determinants of mandibular
movement, condylar and anterior guidance, have a strong
influence on the occlusal morphology of teeth being
restored. Steep cusps in posterior teeth will require
disclusion by anterior teeth (canines) - anterior guidance.
C. Want canine guidance for a distal extension RPD so
that lateral forces are taken off RPD, allowing denture
bases to be more stable and minimizing detrimental
oblique forces on tissue bearing areas. D. Group function
will only exacerbate the lateral forces in excursive
movements. Want to eliminate excursive contacts on
mobile teeth.
194. A. Insufficient facial reduction
Insufficient lingual reduction-could cause problems with
excursive movements Insufficient proximal reduction-
could cause problems with emergence profiles Insufficient
incisal reduction-cause problems with incisal coloration
and porcelain fracture
195. D. 3 mm on all surfaces
Gargiulo and the theory of biological width: 1 mm for
connective tissue attachment, 1 mm for junctional
epithelium, 1 mm for sulcus , 2 mm on the interproximal
surfaces -not enough for biological width, 3 mm on the
interproximal surfaces -forgot the buccal/lingual
1 mm on all surfaces - no biological width here either
196. A. Glass ionomer
The glass ionomer cement are very sensitive to contact
with water during setting. The field must be isolated
completely. Once the cement has achieved initial set
(about 7 minutes), the cement margins should be coated
with coating agent supplied with the cement. Water
contamination of Zinc Phosphate cement will increase film
thickness, solubility, and initial activity.Water

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IDEAS WTS MDS PROSTHODONTICS Explanations
Exp
contamination of Zinc Phosphate cement will decrease
compressive strength and shorten setting time.
197. D. Excessive vertical dimension
Ridges: generalized soreness , Cause: excessive VDO.
Treatment: patient remount to lower VDO, or make new
CDs.
198 .C. Centric, working, balancing, protrusive
Use the following grinding procedures to ensure
balanced occlusion in the centric and eccentric position.
(B.) If the cusp is high in the centric and not in the
eccentric position, deepen the fossae or the marginal
ridges. 8. -Balanced gliding occlusion-use the following
selective grinding procedures: On the working side, reduce
the inner inclines of (a) buccal cusps of the maxillary teeth
and (b) the lingual cusps of the mandibular teeth (Butt
Rule). On the balancing side, reduce the inner inclines of
the mandibular cusps. To achieve balance in protrusive
excursion, reduce the distal inclines of the maxillary cusps
and the mesial inclines of the mandibular cusps.
199. B. ZOE
When dentures are fabricated for irradiated patients, light-
body rubber base or reversible hydrocolloid (alginate)
diluted to 1 times its normal impression consistency are
usually better tolerated than materials having greater
viscosity. ZOE compounds may cause a burning sensation
and should be avoided. Conventional acrylic denture bases
are best tolerated by irradiated tissues. Silicone soft liners
have proven unsatisfactory because of their rough texture
and tendency to support fungal growth. Denture flanges
must not be overextended if mucosal perforation and bone
exposure are to be avoided.
200. A. Buccal shelf area
The crest of the bony mandibular residual ridge is most
often cancellous in nature. Pressures placed on tissues
overlying the crest of the mandibular residual ridge usually
result in irritation of these tissues, accompanied by the
sequelae of chronic inflammation. The Buccal shelf region
(bounded by the external oblique line and crest of the
alveolar ridge) seems to be better suited for a primary
stress-bearing role because it is covered by relatively firm,
dense, fibrous connective tissue supported by cortical
bone.

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