kRmgGtbTsRmab;GkCMnaj

tsUmti

1
karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
 kRmgGtbTsRmab;GkCMnaj tsUmti
esovePATI 1
karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
e)aHBum<elIkTI 1
Ex ]sPa qaM 2004
kare)aHBum< #2-2004
eyIgelIkTwkcit[elakGkftcmgEpkNamYy b EpkTaMgGs;nesovePAenH nig EckcayeTAGkdTeTot.

kRmgGtbTsRmab;;GkCMnajtsUmtienH KWCakRmgksarsikSa eroberogeLIgedaykmviFItsUmti nig eKalneya)ay

nGgkar Pact km<Ca EdlmanbriyayGMBIeKalkarN_yuTsaRs nig beckeTs nyuTnakartsUmti RbkbedayRbsiTPaB.
kRmgksarenHmane)aHBum<CakUnesovePAcMnYnbYnk,alepSgeTot KW
esovePA TI2 karksagTMnak;TMngCamYyrdaPi)al
esovePA TI3 kareFVIkarCamYyRbBnpSBVpSay
esovePA TI4 karksag nig karrkSaRkumcRmuH
esovePA TI5 kartsUmti nig esvakmc,ab;
 matika
TMBr
2 etIkartsUmtiCaGVI ?
3 kartsUmti nig sgm
4 eKalkarN_nkartsUmti
5 tYnaTIrbs;GktsUmti
6 ckvdnkartsUmti
18 esckIsnidan
19 sTanuRkm
19 ksareyag nig CaCMnYysRmab;RsavRCavbEnm

GkniBn
k> vikFrero eGeyI nig elak xUlIn bun
Victoria Ayer & Colin Bunn

GkEksRmYl
elak XWt ma:keLAd_/ GkRsI Ca can;DI/ elak rs; suda/ elak b:ul hMm/ epk km<Ca
elak yU:Nas; NUDWXr/ CMnYyrbs;vihardaNWma:k
GkRsI Guit eBA/ hVr:um suId
Kurt MacLeod, Chea Chandy, Ros Sotha, Pol Ham, Pact Cambodia
Jonas Noddekaer, Dan Church Aid
Ith Pov, Forum Syd

Gktak;EtgrUbPaB
eroberogGtbTeday
elak xUlIn bun (Colin Bunn)

karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 1
 etIkartsUmtiCaGVI ?
enAkgesovePAenH eyIgnwgBiPakSaGMBIeKalkarN_ nig beckeTsRKb;RKg
yuTnakartsUmtiRbkbedayeCaKCy. CMhanCabzmrbs;eyIg KWRtUvkMNt;
niymnynBak {kartsUmti }
kartsUmti KWCakRmgskmPaBCayuTsaRsEdlerobcMeLIgedIm,I
dak;\TiBleTAelIGkkan;kab;GMNacrdaPi)al neya)ay esdkic b kCn
edIm,I[BYkeKGnuvteKalneya)aysaFarN nig karRbtibtinanaEdlpl;
plRbeyaCn_dl;GkmanGMNacneya)aytic nig FnFanesdkictic
RkumEdlTTYlplb:HBal;.
kartsUmtienA
km<Ca
enAqaM2002 manGKIPydFMmYy )anekItmaneLIgenAbktan;)a:
EdleFVI[RbCaBlrdcMnYn300RKYsar)at;bg;TICMrk. CadMeNaHRsay
GaCJaFrEdndI)anesI[mankarpas;brTIlMenAedaybgM b:uEn UNDP
nig GgkarminEmnrdaPi)alkgRsuk)anCYyGnraKmn_.
kgyuTnakartsUmti KWeK)aneRbIR)as;cMNab;GarmN_rbs;RbBn
pSBVpSay nig sMBaFrbs;mas;GMeNay edIm,IbBaHbBalGaCJaFr
[rg;caMrhUtdl;CMrkCabeNaHGasnRtUv)ansagsg;rYc nig rk)an
kEngsmrmsRmab;;CashKmn_rbs;RbCaBlrdTaMgenaH.

yuTnakartsUmti KWCakRmgskmPaByUrGEgVg rYmman karRsavRCav kareFVIEpnkar kareFVIskmPaBRtYtBinit nig

karvaytmkicRbwgERbgtsUmtirbs;eyIg. karkat;bnyPaBRkIRk karRbqaMgTl;nwgkarekobsgt; karEsVgrkyutiFm nig
karKaMRTkarGPivDn_RbkbedaycIrPaB suTEtCaRbFanbTCaTUeTAFmtanyuTnakartsUmti.
eTaHbICaeyIgBayameFVI[mankarpas;breKalneya)aysaFarNRbePTNakeday karRKb;yuTnakartsUmti
EdlTTYl)aneCaKCy manlkNBiessdUcKa KW
yuTsaRs
eyIgRtUvEteFVIkarRsavRCav nig erobcMEpnkarsRmab;yuTnakarrbs;eyIgedayRbugRbyt.
kRmgskmPaB
kartsUmti minEmneFVIeLIgEttamrykarehATUrsBmYyelIk kareFVIjtimYyc,ab; b karEhk,nmYyelIkenaHeT
b:uEnRtUvmanCakRmgskmPaB EdlmankarsRmbsRmYlRtwmRtUv.
erobcMedIm,IbBaHbBal
eyIgRtUveRbIR)as;KMnit b pl;TLIkrNEdlnaM[eKeCOfa karpas;brEdleyIgcg;)anenaH mansarsMxan;
ehIyBYkeKpl;karKaMRTdl;eyIg.
manGgeKaledA
eyIgRtUveFVIkarxitxMRbwgERbgbBaHbBal[cMmnusSEdlmanGMNac edIm,IeFVI[yuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIgTTYl)aneCaKCy.
ksagsm<nPaB
eyIgRtUveFVIkarCamYyGkBak;BnCaeRcIneTot edIm,IbegIn\TiBlnyuTnakarrbs;eyIg.
lTplCakarpas;br
yuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg RtUvnaM[mankarpas;brCaviCmandl;CIvPaBrs;enArbs;RbCaBlrd EdlTTYlplb:HBal;BIbBaa.
edIm,I[kartsUmtirbs;eyIgmanRbsiTPaB eyIgRtUvbBaHbBalGgeKaledArbs;eyIgfa
GVIEdleyIgcg;)an KWCaGVIEdlBYkeKcg;)anEdr .
enAkgesovePAenH eyIgnwgBinitemIlyuTsaRsepSg sRmab;eFVIkarRsavRCav nig kareFVIEpnkar kareRCIserIskRmg
skmPaBEdlmanRbsiTPaB karkMNt;GgeKaledArbs;eyIg nig karvaytmlTplnyuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg.

2 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
 kartsUmti nig sgm
karEsVgyl;GMBIkartsUmti tRmUv[eyIgyl;dwgGMBIlTiRbCaFibety. tamBitRKb;sgmTaMgGs;manbIEpksMxan;KW
rd kCn nig sgmsuIvil. enAkglTiRbCaFibetyEdlmandMeNIrkarl EpkTaMgbIenHmankarEckrMElkGMNac nig eFVIkarrYm
Ka.

eyIgnwgepateTAelIkartsUmti EdleFVIeLIgedaysgmsuIvil edIm,Ipas;breKalneya)ay nig rebobrbbeFVIkarrbs;

rdaPi)al nig elIktemIgplRbeyaCn_saFarN. manGkxHehAkartsUmtiEbbenHfa {kartsUmtiepateTAelIRbCaBlrd} b
{kartsUmtiedIm,IyutiFmsgm}.

EpkTaMgbIenAkgsgm
sgmsuIvil rd
sgmsuIvil rYmmanBlrd nig rd rYmman GgPaBsaFarN
Ggkarnana EdleFVIkarrYmKa EdleFVIkar edIm,IelIktemIg
edIm,IelIktemIgplRbeyaCn_ plRbeyaCn_saFarN.
saFarN. ]TahrN_
]TahrN_ GgkarminEmn mnIrdaPi)al GkeFVIkar
rdaPi)al shCIBkmkr kgkariyaly kgeyaFa
GgkarshKmn_mUldan Rkumsasna salaeron nKr)al nig tulakar
b KNbkSneya)ayCaedIm. CaedIm.

EpkkCn
EpkkCn rYmman buKl nig GgkarkCn EdleFVIkar
edIm,IelIktemIgplRbeyaCn_kCn.
]TahrN_
saCIvkm GaCIvkmxattUc RbBnpSBVpSay eragcRkCaedIm.

karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 3
 eKalkarN_nkartsUmti
yuTnakartsUmti {EdlepateTAelIyutiFmsgm} minEmnRKan;EtnaMmknUvPaBlRbesIry:agBitR)akddl;CIvitrs;enA
rbs;RbCaBlrdb:ueNaHeT kb:uEnEfmTaMgBRgwgtYnaTIrbs;sgmsuIvilkgkarseRmc RBmTaMgbegInkaryl;dwgrbs;RbCaBlrd
GMBIsiTiBlrd nigkarTTYlxusRtUvrbs;BYkeKEfmeTotpg. kartsUmtiEdlmanRbsiTPaB kGacBRgwgnUvTMnak;TMngrvag
sabnepSgKaTaMgbIenAkgsgm RBmTaMgBRgwgkarTTYlxusRtUvCak;lak;rbs;sabnsaFarNpgEdr. mankarRbQmmux
CaeRcInEdlraraMgdl;yuTnakartsUmtiRbkbedayeCaKCy. RbsinebIerobcMEpnkarmin)anleTenaH kartsUmtiGaceFVI[
RbCaBlrdEdl)at;bg;GMNacrYcCaeRsceTAehIyenaH rwtEtGs;GMNacEfmeTot edaymkBIrkarbeBajmtiCMnYsBYkeKedayKan
karBieRKaHeyabl; b KankPaB. edaymkBIkarGs;sgwmCamYynwgrdaPi)al b sabnmanGMNacdTeTotenaH karenHGac
nwgnaM[mankarGUsTaj edIm,IsRmbsRmYleRcIneBkEdr. karbEgVrFnFanEdlcaM)ac;BIskmPaBepSgeTotrbs;eyIgeTAeFVI
yuTnakartsUmti nwgTamTar[mankareFIVEpnkary:aglitln;. kgkrNIFn;FrxH GktsUmtiGacRbQmmuxnwgkarKMramkMEhg
dl;suvtiPaBpal;xn RTBsm,ti b snisuxkargareTotpg. karlM)akTaMgenH nig karlM)akdTeTotcMeBaHGktsUmti GacCMnH
)anedayeRbI karRbtibtil5y:agrbs;GktsUmti.
karRbtibtil5y:agrbs;GktsUmti
elIkTwkcit[man karcUlrYm
CakarsMxan; eyIgRtUvelIkTwkcit[manmnusScUlrYm[)aneRcInbMputtamEdlGaceFVIeTA)an.
GkcUlrYmmak;nwgnaMmknUvCMnajepSg FnFan nig KMniteyabl;CaeRcIn. enAeBleyIg kartsUmtienA
elIkTwkcit[mankarcUlrYm eyIgpl;dl;RkumEdlTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal;nUvsartICamas; km<Ca
elIdMeNIrkarnkartsUmti ehIyenATIbMput begInlTPaBTTYleCaKCy)ankan;EteRcIn. enAqGgkaM1armi999nEmnrdRkumkargarEpkbrisannGgkar evTika
aPi)al (NGO Forum) EdleFVI
Fana[man FmanurUb kartsUmti kgnamRbCaBlrdcMnYn 2lannak; Edl
RbkbmuxrbrensaTrbs;km<Ca )anseRmcerobcMevTika
edIm,I[manFmanurUb yuTnakartsUmtiTaMgGs;RtUvTTYl)ankarTukcitBIsMNak;RbCa- saFarNmYyedIm,IelIkbBaashKmn_mkedaHRsay.
Blrd nig shKmn_EdlBYkeKeFIVCatMNag[. kickarenHGacseRmc)an tamrykar manmnIrdaPi)al GaCJaFrEdndI nig smaCikshKmn_
eKarBmtieyabl; nig bTBiesaFn_epSgKanbuKlmak;enAkgRkumEdlTTYlrgnUv rgeRKaHCaeRcIn )ancUlrYmkgevTikaenH ehIyBYkeK)an
plb:HBal;. rYmKaeFVIkarelIkkMBs;karyl;;dwgGMBIRkwtc,ab;qaM 1988
EdlKMramkMEhgdl;cIrPaBn]sSahkmenH.
RtUvman karTTYlxusRtUvsaFarN
karTTYlxusRtUvsaFarN ekItmaneT,Ig)anluHRtaEteyIgmankarBiPakSaCacMh nig edayesaHRtg;GMBIPaBeCOnelOnn
yuTnakar nig bBaaCamYyRkumGkrgeRKaH. dMeNIrkarenHknwgkat;bnykarb:unb:gnanaEdleyIgGacCYbRbTHkgkar
rMelaPGMNac nig eCosvagGMeBIBukrlYyenAkgyuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIgpgEdr.
eFVIskmPaBeday sniviFI
cUrkuMeRbIGMeBIhigSaedIm,IseRmc)annUveKalbMNgtsUmtirbs;Gk. GMeBIhigSaminEmnCadMeNaHRsaysitesryUrGEgVgeT.
tsUmtiRbkbedaysniviFI nwgTTYl)annUvkarTukcit nig kareKarBBIsMNak;GkKaMRT nig kareKarBBIsMNak;GkRbqaMg.
eFIVCatMNag[RkumEdlTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal;
cUrsab;RkumEdlTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal; erobcMyuTsasCamYyBYkeK CUndMNwgdl;BYkeKGMBIkarRbfuyRbfan b karBuHBarCMnH
ehIycat;viFankarCamYyKa. enAeBlNaGaceFIVeTA)an cUrksagsmtPaBrbs;BYkeK edIm,I[BYkeKecHtsUmtiedayxng.
4 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
tYnaTIrbs;GktsUmti
enAeBltsUmti[RkumEdlTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal; mantYnaTIepSgCaeRcInEdleyIgGacbMeBj edIm,IseRmceKal
bMNgrbs;eyIg. CakarsMxan; eyIgRtUvEsVgyl;GMBItRmUvkar nig bMNgR)afarbs;RkumEdlTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal; edIm,I[
eyIgGaceRCIserIstYnaTIdRbesIrbMputmYyRsbtamsanPaB. tYnaTIrbs;GktsUmti mandUcxageRkamenH KW
crca KWtfedIm,I[)anGVImYy
kartsUmtienA
km<Ca
CakareqIytbcMeBaHkarGs;sgwm nig TMnak;TMng
Tn;exSayCamYynaykdanClpl GktsUmti )an
begItCabNajkargarmYy ehAfasm<nPaBedIm,I
rYmdMeNIr KWbeBajmtiCamYyRbCaBlrd GPirkSFnFanClpl (Fisheries Action
Coalition Team, FACT). bNajkargarenHnaM

[mankicsRmbsRmYlRbesIrCagmunrvagRkumBak;
Bn edaypl;kas[BYkeKcUlrYmkgyuTnakar
tsUmtikan;EtmanRbsiTPaB.
pl;siTiGMNac KWpl;lTPaB[RbCaBlrdbeBajmtiedayxng

eFIVCatMNag KWbeBajmtikgnamRbCaBlrd

eFVICaGkkNal KWsRmbsRmYlkarR)aRsyTak;TgrvagRkummnusSepSg

eFVICaKMrU KWbgajGakb,kiriyadl;RbCaBlrd b GkeFVIeKalneya)ayepSg bNajkargar KWksagRkumcRmuH

rUbsmal;
EpkkCn sabnkan;GMNac RkumEdlTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal; GktsUmti

karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 5
 ckvdnkartsUmti
ckvdnyuTnakartsUmtimanskmPaBCarYmKW karkMNt;bBaa karRsavRCaverOgra:vCuMvijbBaaenaH eFVIEpnkar
GMBIkRmgskmPaB eFVIskmPaBtamEpnkarrbs;eyIg nig vaytmlTplnkicRbwgERbgrbs;eyIg. yuTnakar
tsUmtienACuMvijBiPBelak eRbIKMrUEbbenH b KMrURsedogKaenH edIm,IerobcMyuTnakartsUmti[kan;EtmanRbsiTPaB.
enAkgEpkenH eyIgnwgBinitemIlCMhanTaMgenHedaylMGit. CMhanTaMgenH nwgpl;dl;eyIgnUvmUldanRKwHsRmab;
yuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg.

CMhanTaMgR)aMnkartsUmti
1>kMNt;bBaa
kMNt;bBaaEdlRtUvelIkmkedaHRsay

5>vaytm 2>RsavRCav
RtYtBinitskmPaB nig RbmUlBtmanEdlcaM)ac; nig
vaytmlTplenAkgckvdTaMgmUl. Fana[mankaryl;dwgGMBImUlehtu nig
seRmcfaetIskmPaBbnNamYyEdl plvi)aknbBaa.
smrm b GMBIrebobepSg EdleKGac
ykmkeFIVkartsUmti edIm,I[kan;Etman
RbsiTPaBenAeBlGnaKt.
4>eFVIskmPaB 3>eFVIEpnkar
edIrtamkarRbtibtilTaMg5rbs;Gk enAeBlkMNt;)anfa kartsUmti Ca
tsUmti eFIVskmPaBedaymankarRBmeRBog meFa)aysmrm edIm,IedaHRsaybBaa
nig sRmbsRmYlCamYyGkBak;Bn ehIyenaH eKRtUverobcMCayuTsaRsmYyeLIg.
TaMgGs;kgyuTnakar. EpnkarskmPaBsRmab;yuTnakartsUmti rYmman
eKalbMNgrYm eKalbMNgCak;lak; snsSn_ viFIsaRs
skmPaB nig kalkMNt;.

6 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
 karkMNt;bBaa
bBaabgeLIgedayeKalneya)ayrbs;rdaPi)al b TegIV;sgmTaMgT,ay CaFmtaminGacedaH
RsayedaybuKlmak;)aneLIy. shKmn_EdlTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal; RtUvkarGktsUmti[CYyBYkeK edIm,IedaHRsaybBaarbs;
BYkeK nig CYypl;dl;BYkeKnUvdMeNaHRsayepSg. CMhandMbUgkgkarerobcMyuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg KWkarkMNt;bBaaTaMg
enH nig begInkaryl;dwgxngGMBImUlhtu nig plvi)aknanarbs;bBaa.
CaerOy bBaaeRbobdUcCarcnasm<nedImeQImYyedImEdr. RbsinebIeyIgRsmfa bBaadsMxan;bMputKWCaKl;rbs;
edImeQI enAeBlenaHeyIgnwgGacemIlGMBIplvi)akEdlBak;BnnanaEdlduHecjCaEmkFagy:ageRcInenaH. BitR)akdNas;
edImeQIbBaarbs;eyIg manmUlehtucak;bJsy:ageRCA EdlCaGkpl;CIvCatidl;edIm nig EmkFagTaMgT,ay.
eyIgGacbegItCaedImeQIbBaamYyeLIg)an edaysYrxneyIgfa {ehtuGVI ?} enAeBlBinitRKb;TidPaBnbBaamYy.
]TahrN_ enAeBlfIenH manRbCaBlrdenAtMbn;TIRkug nig CnbTCaeRcIn RtUvcakecjBIlMenAdanrbs;xn. dUecH enAeBl
begItCaedImeQIbBaa eyIgRtUvsYrxngfa {ehtuGVI)anCaRbCaBlrdRtUvcakecjBIlMenAdan ?}. etIBYkeKcakecjBIlMenAdan
edaymkBIKanTIkEngrs;enAb ? etIBYkeKcakecjBIlMenAdanedaymkBImanCmWpvcitb ? bkBYkeKcakecjedaymkBI
rdaPi)albgMBYkeK[pas;brTIlMenA ? edImeQIbBaaenAkgTMBrenH
GacbgajGMBIrebobEdleyIgkMNt;BImUlehtu nig plb:HBal;n
kar)at;bg;lMenAdan)an .
eRkayBIeyIg)ankMNt;plvi)ak EmkFag nig mUlehtu
bJsKl;nbBaarbs;eyIgehIy eyIgGacrkeXIj
Fak;Twkcit bBaaCaeRcInEdlRtUvelIkykmkedaHRsay.
kgVHGaharUbtm eyIgRtUvkMNt;GaTiPaB nig eFVIesckIseRmc
RbLgFak; KanCMnaj faetIbBaaNaxH EdlsMxan;CageK nig
RtUvsuMTaneK CmW
GacedaHRsay)anRbkbedayPaBR)akd
RtUvrs;enAtamcieBaImfl; b sMNg;GnaFibety minGaceTAeron)an suxPaBexSay
niymtamrykartsUmtirbs;eyIg.
Bukmayrkkargarmin)aneFVI kumarKanpHsMEbgrs;enA
KanR)ak; kumarRtUveFVIkar xVHesckIsgwmeTAGnaKt bBaaEdlsMxan;bMput KWbBaaEdlRbsinebI
RtUvedaHRsay nwgnaM[manCIvPaBrs;enA
RbesIreLIg sRmab;RbCaBlrdenAkgRkum
plb:HBal;nbBaa EdlTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal;.
RbCaBlrd)at;bg;lMenAdan bBaa
mUlehtunbBaa
KanR)ak; CmWpvcit
KankEngrs;enA
KankarEfTaMsuxPaB
Kanmuxrbr KansiTielIdIFI pHsMEbgRtUvbMpajeday
RtUvcMNayR)ak;TaMgGs;eTA KanCMnaj TwkCMnn; b kMlaMgBIxageRkA
elIcMNIrGahar BuMmankarCYy]btmBIrdaPi)al
c,ab;GyutiFm rdaPi)alKanEpnkarTb;Tl;
rdaPi)alcg;GPivDdIenaH eRKaHTwkCMnn;
rdaPi)alcg;)anR)ak;Bnkan;EteRcIn
karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 7
 RsavRCav
karRsavRCav KWCaCMhandsMxan;mYy kgkarerobcMyuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg. karRsavRCaveday
RbugRbyt ehIymaneKalbMNgRtwmRtUv nwgnaM[eyIg nig GkKaMRTrbs;eyIgdwgGMBImUlehtu RBmTaMgplb:HBal;nbBaa.
yuTnakartsUmtiCaeRcIn eFVIeLIgTaMgxusqg edayGnuvtskmPaBtsUmti EdlBuM)aneFVIkarRsavRCavbBaaCamun. eyIgRtUvman
Btman[)anRKb;RCugeRCay RbsinebIeyIgcg;bBaHbBalmnusS nig sabnnana[pas;breKalneya)ay[manPaBRbesIr
Cagmun. cUrcgcaMfa Btman KWCaGMNacmYyRbePTEdr ehIykarRsavRCavGacpl;Btman[eyIg)an.
CasMNagEdr edaysareyIgGacrkBtmanEdlmanRsab;CaeRcInenAtambNajGIuneFINit bNaly sabnnanarbs;
rdaPi)al nig GgkarminEmnrdaPi)al. b:uEn karsab;mtipal;rbs;RbCaBlrd KanGVIGacCMnYs)aneLIy. eyIgEsVgyl;GMBI
bBaarbs;RbCaBlrd edayeRbIkRmgsMNYr karGegt b sabsg; sMPasn_ nig karBiPakSaCamYyRkumBiess. RKan;EtsegtGMBI
rebobEdlRkumTTYlrgnUvplb:HBal;cat;EcgRKb;RKg nig rs;enACamYybBaa kpl;Btmany:ageRcIndl;karRsavRCavrbs;eyIg
)anEdr ehIyTIbMputBtmanTaMgenH nwgkayCadMeNaHRsayrbs;eyIg)an.

viFIsaRsRsavRCav
viFIsaRs niymny KuNsm,ti karlM)ak
CakRmgsMNYrmYycMnYn gayRsYlcat;EcgkargarcMeBaH
kRmgsMNYr nig kasabsg; Edlpl;CUnmnusSkgcMnYndsmKYrmYy mnusSEdlmancMnYneRcIn minmanlkNpal;xn
edIm,I[BYkeKeqIysMNYrTaMgenaH
CameFa)ayRbmUlBtman.

kicsnnaEdlmankarBiPakSa nig RtUvkareBlevlaeRcIn nig mankarlM)ak

sMPasn_eRkApvkar manlkNbt;Ebn nig siTsal
kt;RtaGMBIehtukarN_ b esckIEfgkarN_. kgkarviPaK[)anRtwmRtUvc,as;las;

BinitemIlksarTak;TgnwgbBaaeLIgvij manlkNTUlMTUlay RtUvkareBlevlaeRcIn nig

karBinitemIlksareLIgvij
ehIyBinitrebobGnuvtn_lBIGnrCati KanlkNbt;Ebn

CadMeNIrkarRbmUlBtmanGMBIlkNn BinitemIldMeNIrkarnbBaaEdlekIteLIg
manTMenareTAtamKMnitrbs;Gksegt nig
karsegt bBaatamkaremIleXIjCak;EsgenAkg nig EdlGacERbRbYl)anRsbeTAtam
manlkNsRKsaj
shKmn_ sanPaB
RbmUlRkumtUcmkCYbCuMKa edIm,IBiPakSa
RkumBiess GMBIbBaa rYcEsVgrkdMeNaHRsayEdlGac mankarBiniteTAelIbBaa[)ansuICeRmA Bi)akeFIVkarsnidan)an
(Focus Group)
Gnuvt)an

sMKal; BtmanEdlRbmUl)ankgkarRsavRCavrbs;eyIg RtUvdak;bBaleTAkgskmPaByuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg. eyIgKYr

Tak;TajGarmN_rbs;RbBnpSBVpSay edayerobcMCasnisITkaEst b e)aHBum<pSay nig ecjCaesckIRbkasBtman edIm,ICYy
pSBVpSaykickarRsavRCavrbs;eyIgdl;mnusSCaeRcIn)an.

8 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
 kareFVIEpnkar
enAeBleyIg)ankMNt;ykbBaamYyehIy RsavRCavrYcehIy nig kMNt;fakartsUmti KWCakareqIytb
RbkbedayRbsiTPaB edIm,IeFVI[)ankarpas;brCaviCmanehIyenaH eyIgRtUverobcMEpnkarsRmab;;yuTnakarrbs;eyIg.
eyIgcab;epImeFVIEpnkaredayeRCIserIs nig kMNt;eKalbMNgrYm eKalbMNgCak;lak; snsSn_sRmab;vas;Evg
GgeKaledA nig skmPaBrbs;eyIg.
eKalbMNgrYm (Goal) ]TahrN_GMBIeKalbMNgrYm
eKalbMNgrYmRtUvbBaak;[)anc,as;GMBIkarpas;brneKalneya)ay b TegIV {eFVI[sgm nig RbBnc,ab; TTYlsal; nig
EdleyIgcg;seRmc[)ankgryeBlmYymankMNt;. cat;Tukfa GMeBIhigSakgRKYsar KWCabT]Rkid
ehIyCakarMelaPsiTimnusS}.
eKalbMNgCak;lak; (Objective)
eKalbMNgCak;lak; kMNt;GMBIGIVEdlnwgseRmc)an CamYyGkNa edayrebobNa ]TahrN_GBM eI KalbMNgCak;lak;tamEbb
nig ryeBlsRmab;seRmckickarenaH. eKalbMNgCak;lak;RtUvnaMmknUvkarpas; SMART

brGakb,kiriyarbs;mnusSCaduMkMPYn nig Gacvas;Evg)an. tamFmta yuTsas {kgryeBlmYyqaM kgkmaMgnKr)alcMnYn

tsUmti maneKalbMNgCak;lak;elIsBImYy edIm,ICapvsRmab;skmPaBepSg. 75% mankarekIncMeNHdwgEpkc,ab;RbqaMg
eKalbMNgEdll RtUveFVItamEbb SMART GMeBIhigSakgRKYsar)anRtwmkRmit 50}.
S PECIFIC: Cak;lak;
etIvac,as;las;kgkarpas;brGakb,kiriyabeT ?
M EASURABLE: Gacvas;Evg)an
etIvamanPaBc,as;las;elITMhMnkarpas;brGakb,kiriyaEdrbeT ?
A CHIEVABLE: GacseRmc)an
etIeyIgGacrkmUlniFi b FnFanepSgeTotedIm,IKaMRTkargar nig eKalbMNgCak;lak;rbs;eyIgEdrbeT ?
etIGgkarrbs;eyIgmanFnFankgGgkaredIm,IseRmc)aneKalbMNgCak;lak;EdrbeT ?
R EALISTIC: R)akdniym
BicarNasanPaBsgm nig neya)aybcb,nfaetIeyIgGacseRmceKalbMNgCak;lak;rbs;eyIg)anEdrbeT ?
T IME-BOUND etIeKalbMNgmaneBlkMNt; b eBleRKagEdrbeT ?
skmPaB ]TahrN_GMBIskmPaB
{eFVIkarsabsg;elIkgkMlaMgnKr)al
skmPaB KWCaParkicCak;lak;EdleyIgRtUvbMeBjedIm,IsMerceKalbMNgCak;lak;.
edIm,IEsVgyl;GMBIcMeNHdwgrbs;BYkeK
kMNt;sMKal; sUmkMu[mankarRcLMrvagskmPaB nig eKalbMNgCak;lak;. Tak;Tgnwgc,ab;RbqaMgGMeBIhigSakg
RbsinebIParkicrbs;eyIgerobrab;GMBIGVImYyEdlGgkarcg;eFVI dUcCa karbNHbNal RKYsarbcb,n}.
vaCaskmPaB EtminEmnCaeKalbMNgCak;lak;eT.
karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 9
 kareFVIEpnkar snsSn_
snsSn_ KWCasBaaEdlGac[eyIgdwgfa eyIgkMBugmankareCOnelOneq<aHeTArkkarseRmceKal
bMNgCak;lak;TaMgLayrbs;eyIg. RKb;snsSn_Edll RtUvmanlkNpal; c,as;las; EdlGacGnuvt)an nig Gac
Tukcit)an.
pal;
snsSn_pal;vas;Evg)anEtmYycMNucb:ueNaHkg1dg. ]TahrN_ eyIgcg;sikSaGMBIkRmitR)ak;cMNUlsRmab;
RbCaBlrdmYyRkum. eyIgGacRbmUlsnsSn_pal;)an dUcCa R)ak;cMNUlRbcaMRKYsarkgryeBlCak;lak;NamYy. kb:uEn
CYnkaleyIgminGacrksnsSn_pal;mYy)aneLIy. ]TahrN_ enAtMbn;CnbTGaclM)aknwgEsVgrksitiTak;TgnwgkRmitR)ak;;
cMNUlNas;. pyeTAvij eyIgGacBinitemIlPaKrynRKYsarenAkgPUmiEdlmanviT b kg; edayTukCasnsSn_CMnYs[RTB
sm,tirbs;GkPUmiTaMgenaH)an. snsSn_CMnYsenHehAfa snsSn_tMNag (Proxy Indicators).
c,as;las;
CYnkal eyIgRtUvEjkBtmanTak;TgnwgskmPaBrbs;eyIgeTAtamRbePTepSg. RbePTnBtmanEdlRtUvEbgEck
eTAtam ePT Gayu TItaMg b eTAtamlkNepSgeTotenH ehAfa snsSn_EdlmanPaBc,as;las;. snsSn_enHbgaj[eyIg
eXIjy:agc,as;nUvGkEdlkMBugTTYlpl nig cUlrYmCamYyskmPaBtsUmtirbs;eyIg.
GacGnuvt)an
snsSn_EdlGacGnuvt)an CasnsSn_EdlTTYl)annUvTinny
edayRsYl nig cMNaytic. kaEstEdle)aHBum<pSayGMBIyuTnakar
tsUmti Edlmantmefak nig Tan;eBlevla KWCa]TahrN_dlmYy
sRmab;snsSn_EdlykmkGnuvt)an.
GacTukcit)an
snsSn_EdlGacTukcit)an KWCasnsSn_Edlpl;BtmanGaceCO
Cak;)ansRmab;eFVIkarseRmc RbkbedayTMnukcit.
sarBtman CasnsSn_EdlGacGnuvt)anmYy
snsSn_PaKeRcInEpkeTAtamcMnYn dUcCa tYelxnR)ak;cMNUlRbcaMRKYsarEdleKGacyl; nig vaytm)an. eTaHCa
y:agNakeday mansnsSn_CaeRcInepSgeTotEdlEpkeTAelIbTBiesaFn_ b eyabl;pal;rbs;mnusS dUecHvaBuMsUvmanlkN
c,as;las;eT ehIyCYnkalminGaceCOTukcit)aneTotpg. ]TahrN_ RbsinebIeyIgsYreTARkumEdlTTYlrgplb:HBal;rbs;
eyIgfaetIeKmanGarmN_y:agNacMeBaHbBaaNamYyenaH eyIgnwgTTYl)anKMniteyabl;CaeRcInCaBuMxan. RbsinebIKankarRBm
eRBogCakcnenAkgRkumeTenaH muxCamankarlM)akkgkarrksnsSn_mYyEdlsRmab;CatMNagkarrIkceRmIneq<aHeTAseRmc
eKalbMNgrbs;eyIgCaBuMxaneLIy.
eyIgminGacrk)anCanicenaHeTnUvsnsSn_EdlEpkeTAelIcMnYn nig bTBiesaFn_ EdltRmUvtamlkNTaMg 4 xagelI
enHeT. EteTaHCay:agNakeday eyIgRtUvxitxMEsVgrk[)aneRcIntamEdlGaceFIVeTA)an.

10 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
 kareFVIEpnkar GkBak;Bn
G k TaM g LayEdlmanplRbeyaCn_ e dayp a l; e nAk g lT p lnyu T n akarts U m ti e hAfa
{GkBak;Bn}. GkBak;Bn rYmman RbCaBlrdEdlrgeRKaHedaypal;edaymkBIbBaa RkumEdlTTYl
xusRtUvkgkarbegIt[manbBaa nig RkumEdlcab;GarmN_kgkaredaHRsaybBaa. eKGacEckGkBak;BnCabIRkum sm<nmit
GkGBaRkwt nig GkRbqaMg. GkBak;Bn

sm<nmit GkGBaRkwt GkRbqaMg

sm<nmit KWCamnusS nig GgPaB EdlKaMRTyuTnakar
tsUmtirbs;eyIg. tYy:ag dUcCa buKl b sabnEdl
mansmancitcMeBaHbuBVehturbs;eyIg dUcCaGkdwknaM
EpkKMniteyabl; Gkneya)aybcb,n nig GtItGk
neya)ay \sSrCn RbBnpSBVpSay GgkarminEmn
rdaPi)al sasacar CaBiesssmaCiknRkumEdl
TTYlrgnUvplb:HBal;pal;Etmg. GkTaMgenH rYm
viPaKTanCaeBlevla CMnajbeckeTs nig FnFan
hirBavt nig sMPar RBmTaMgeFIV[man\TiBldl;
yuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg.
GkBak;BnGBaRkwt KWCamnusS nig GgPaB Edl
BuMTan;manKMniteyabl;rwgmaMenAeLIycMeBaHbBaa.
GkGBaRkwtmansarsMxan;Nas;cMeBaHyuTnakar
tsUmtirbs;eyIg BIeRBaHCaerOyGkTaMgenH Gac
kayCasm<nmit b CaGkRbqaMgnwgeyIg)any:ag
gay.
GkRbqaMg KWCamnusS nig GgPaB EdlCMTas;nwg
yuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg. CaerOykargar
tsUmtiRtUvRbQmmuxnwgGtulPaBnGMNacEdl
manRsab;enAkgsgm ehIybBaaRbQmmuxenH
CaerOybg[manRbtikmGviCmanBIGkkan;GMNac
bcb,n b mnusSEdlRbkan;tmepSgKa.
GkRbqaMgeyIg Gacrab;bBaltaMgBImnusSEdlmin
RsbCamYyeyIg b:uEnmincat;viFankarRbqaMgnwgsRtUv
EdlkeRmal nig eBareBjedayhigSa.

GkBak;Bnman\TiBl b GMNacRtYtRtaeTAelIbBaaenAkgRkumrgeRKaHeTAtamkRmitxusKa. karEsVgyl;GMBIGMNac

rbs;BYkeKeTAelIbBaa KWCaEpkdsMxan;mYyndMeNIrkarerobcMEpnkarrbs;eyIg.
RKb;sgmCati (nig sabn) TaMgGs; GMNacmanTRmg;bI TRmg;cMh biT nig minGacemIleXIj. enAeBleFVI
yuTnakartsUmti GktsUmti nwgmankarBak;BnCamYynwgTRmg;TaMgbInGMNacenH.
TRmg;bIy:agnGMNac
minGacemIleXIj {tsUmtiedIm,IRbCaBlrd}
sabnkan;GMNacEdleRbIPaBGafkM)aMg etIeyIgRtUvtsUmtieday
begInkaryl;dwgEpkneya)ay TMnukcit nig karyl;dwgrbs;RkumEdl
GMNacRKb;RKgBtman nig karbMPit rebobNa ?
bMPyedIm,IbgaCMelaH. TTYlnUvplb:HBal; edayBRgwgGgkarshKmn_.

biT {tsUmtiCamYyRbCaBlrd }
etIeyIgRtUvtsUmtieday GkerobcMEdlRbkbedayGaCIB ksagPaBCaGkdwknaMGgkarshKmn_ nig
sabnkan;GMNacTTYlsal;EtbBaa nig
rebobNa ? sm<nPaBnana edIm,ICYyshKmn_kgkarelIkkMBs;karyl;dwg nig clna
RkummYycMnYnb:ueNaH. ekogKrmkcUlrYm.

ebIkcMh {tsUmtiedayRbCaBlrd }
etIeyIgRtUvtsUmtieday GgkarshKmn_ekogKrsaFarNCn Pab;TMnak;CamYyGkeFIVesckIseRmc
CaRbB n n eya)ayEdlmankarTTY l
rebobNa ? nig eRbIR)as;RbBnpSBVpSay edIm,ICRmuj[mankarpas;breKalneya)ay
sal;RKb;bBaaTaMgGs; edayeCaKCy.
karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 11
 kareFVIEpnkar GgeKaledA
krNIsikSa kMENTRmg;dIFIenAkm<Ca
elakGkRbEhlCaenAcaMtamrylMhat;edImeQIbBaaenAeLIy GMBIbBaaRbCaBlrdEdlpas;brlMenAdanenAkm<Ca.
edIm,I[yl;GMBIrebobkMNt;GgeKaledA[kan;Etc,as; eyIgnwgBinitemIlbBaaenH edayykcitTukdak;bEnmeTot.
karEklMGpvfl; nig karGPivDn_TIRkugenAkm<Ca )anbgM[RbCaBlrdpas;brTIlMenAeTAenAkEngfI bk)at;bg;RbPB
ciBawmCIvitrbs;xn. GaCIvkmkCnk)anTRnanykdIedayKanBieRKaHeyabl;CamYyshKmn_eLIy. eKalneya)aytaMg
TIlMenArbs;rdaPi)alminTan;manenAeLIy cMENksiTikan;kab;dIFIrbs;RbCaBlrdkminc,as;las;. mas;GMeNay nig FnaKar
GPivDn_BhuPaKInanasuTEtmanxatKMrUpal;rbs;eKsRmab;kartaMgTIlMenA. xatKMrUenHmin)anGnuvteT rhUtdl;mankarRtYtBinit
RbkbedayRbsiTPaB ehIyRbCaBlrdmankassMEdgmtiGMBIsanPaBrbs;eKCamunsin.
RbsinebIeyIgcg;tsUmti[RbCaBlrdEdl)at;bg;TIlMenATaMgenH etInrNaxHGacCasm<nmitrbs;eyIg ehIynrNaxH
CaGkRbqaMgeyIg ?
sm<nmit nig GkRbqaMg
saCIvkmGnrCati
TIPa k;garmnusSFmCMnyY segaH
Gkneya)ay rdaPi)al
x<s;

GnrCati
kRmit\TiBleTAelIbBaa

shKmn_GnrCati
mFm

TIPak;gartsUmtiGnrCati RbCaBlrdTUeTA RkumhunkgRsukFM

mas;dItUctac
RbCaBlrd)at;bg;TIlMenA GaCJaFrmUldan mas;dIFM
Tab

sm<nmit GkminTan;seRmc GkRbqaMg

kRmitnkPaBCamYynwgbBaa
sMKal; enAeBlkMNt;sm<nmit nig GkRbqaMg)anehIy eyIgRtUvKitKUrGMBIkRmitn\TiBlEdlGkBak;Bnmak;maneTAelI
bBaa. GkEdlTTYl\TiBlBIcMNucepatnyuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg tamBitKWCaGkBak;Bn b:uEnCaerOy BYkeKminsUvman
smtPaBnwgeFVIkarpas;breKalneya)ayedaypal;)aneLIy. GkBak;BnEdlman\TiBlx<s;eTAelIbBaa eTaHmankRmit
kPaBCamYyCMhrrbs;eyIgRtwmNakeday KWCaGgeKaledA.
12 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
 kareFVIEpnkar GgeKaledA
GgeKaledAGacEbgEckCaBIrRkum GgeKaledAsMxan; nig GgeKaledAbnab;bnSM
GgeKaledAsMxan;
CabuKlEdlmanGMNaceRcInbMput edIm,IedaHRsaybBaarbs;eyIgeday
pal;. eTaHCay:agNakeday eyIgGacminmanlTPaBCYbbuKlenH)aneLIy GgeKaledAKWCamnusS
bkGacmansm<aFneya)ayxaMgeBkEdleFVImin[BYkeKKaMRTeyIgedayebIkcMh minEmnCasabneLIy
)an.

GgeKaledAbnab;snSM
CabuKlEdlminGacedaHRsaybBaaedaypal;)an b:uEnmanPaBvagvkgkareRbIR)as;\TiBleTAelIGgeKaledAsMxan;
)an. RbsinebIeyIgGaceRbIR)as;\TiBlelIbuKlenH)an BYkeKGaceRbIR)as;\TiBleTAelIGgeKaledAsMxan;Cabn)an.
sUmcgcaMfa manRckCaeRcInedIm,IedaHRsaybBaa ehIyGgeKaledArbs;eyIgxHkGacCaGkRbqaMgeyIgEdr. eyIgRtUv
sikSaeronsURtGMBIKMniteyabl;rbs;BYkeK edIm,IeyIgmankareRtomxn)anRbesIr edIm,I[manmUldanrYm b edIm,IRbQmmuxnwg
karRbqaMgCMTas;rbs;BYkeK. karRsavRCavGMBIGgehtu PaBvagvkgkaryl;dwgGMBIplRbeyaCn_rbs;BYkeK nig CMnajGUsTaj
nwgCRmuj[BYkeKpas;breKalCMhrrbs;BYkeK)an. karbegIttaragedIm,IkMNt;GgeKaledAsMxan; nig GgeKaledAbnab;bnSM
KWCameFa)aydgayRsYlmYy. xageRkamenH KWCataragGgeKaledAKMrUmYy )anmkBIyuTnakartsUmti edIm,I[mankarEkTRmg;
dIFIenAkm<Ca

karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 13
 taragGgeKaledA
eKalbMNgCak;lak;
kgryeBlBIrqaM KNrdmRnIExrnwgGnumteKalneya)aymYyedIm,Ipl;kickarBarkan;EteRcInEfm
eTotdl;CnRkIRk nig xSt;exSayEdlrgeRKaHedaymkBIkarruHerITIlMenA.
etIBYkeK)andwgGVIxHGMBI etIBYkeKman\riyabf etInrNaCaGkman etIGVIxHEdlman
eQaHGgeKaledA GkTMnak;TMng
bBaaenaH ? dUcemc cMeBaHbBaaenaH ? \TiBleTAelIBYkeK ? sarsMxan;cMeBaHBYkeK ?
GgeKaledAsMxan; GgeKaledAbnab;snSM

GVIEdlmansarsMxan;
Gkneya)ay
cMeBaHGkKaMRTrbs;BYkeK

karxVayxVl;CacMbg GVIEdlpl;pllbMput GIVEdlmnICab;eqat

saCIvkmGnrCati naykTMnak;TMngsaFarN rdaPi)al
KWR)ak;kRm KWCakarRbesIrbMput RtUvseRmc

saFarNCnTUeTA GtifiCn yutiFm

RbBnpSBVpSay lk;Btman

karGPivDn_Rbkbeday
smaCiksPaTaMgGs;
emIleXIjkargarGPivDn_ mas;GMeNayGnrCati cIrPaB nig GnueRKaHdl;
rdmnIRksYgEpnkar BYkeKyl;dwgGMBIbBaa CnRkIRk
rdaPi)al CameFa)ayTTYlpl
rdmRnIerobcMEdndInKrUbnIy- b:uEnvaminEmnCaGaTiPaB cMeNjEpkesdkic saFarNCn yutiFm
km RbBnpSBVpSay lk;Btman

karGPivDn_Rbkbeday
cg;)anyutiFm
mas;GMeNayGnrCati cIrPaB nig GnueRKaHdl;
smaCiknRkumkargarEpnkar
GgkarmnusSFm mankaryl;dwgGMBIbBaaenH CnRkIRk
yuTsaRskat;bnyPaBRkIRk c,ab;kmsiTielIdIFI
segaHCMnYyGnrCati BItMbn;epSgnBiPBelak GgkarminEmnrdaPi)al yutiFm
fak;Cati RbkbedayyutiFm
RbBnpSBVpSay lk;Btman

cg;)anyutiFm GVIEdlmnICab;eqat
rdaPi)al
RtUvseRmc
c,ab;kmsiTielIdIFI RbBnpSBVpSay lk;Btman
shKmn_EdlTTYlrgnUvpl rs;CamYynwgbBaa
emRKYsar RbkbedayyutiFm
b:HBal; Caerogral;f
RtUvkarCMnYyedIm,I smaCikRKYsar mankarpas;brCaviCman
edaHRsaybBaa

14 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
 kareFVIEpnkar skmPaB
enAeBleyIg)aneRCIserIsGgeKaledArbs;eyIgehIy eyIgRtUveRCIserIsskmPaBrbs;eyIg.
skmPaBEdleyIgeRCIserIs GaRsyy:agxaMgeTAelIFnFanrbs;eyIg nig TMnak;TMngrbs;eyIgCamYyGgeKaledA. CeRmIs
EdlRtUvcMNayx<s;bMput GacminEmnCaCeRmIsEdlmanRbsiTPaBbMputkgTMnak;TMngCamYyGgeKaledArbs;eyIgeLIy.
viFIsasdRbesIrbMput KWRtUvmankarcUlrYmpl;pll nig manRbeyaCn_dl;mnusSeRcInbMput CaBiessCnRkIRk b Cn)at;bg;siTi
xaMgCageK.
]TahrN_skmPaBtsUmti
karRsavRCaveKalneya)ay snisITkaEst sikasala
karbBaHbBal kUdkm karbNHbNal
)atukm karRbLgkMNaB elantamTUrTsSn_ b viT
skmPaBXaMemIl karEhk,n karCYbpal;BIpHmYyeTApHmYy
xitbN lixitxI karsresrlixit
evbsay karsg;mti smasn_
bNajkargar karsMEdgelan evTikasaFarN
karRbCMu krNIbwgeTAtulakar esckIRbkasBtman
RBwtibRt yuTnakarbiTrUbPaBpSBVpSay karsRmuHsRmYltamryGkkNal
jti karBiPakSatamTUrTsSn_ dMeNIrTsSnkic
karcrca kicBiPakSatumUl esckIsegbCUnGksarBtman

sMKal; skmPaBdRbesIrbMputsRmab;yuTnakarrbs;eyIgKWman\TiBlxaMg edaycMNayR)ak;TabbMput.

kartsUmtienA
km<Ca
RKUbeRgonExr Ehk,ntamdgpvenARkugPMeBjedIm,ITamTar
ebovtSx<s;Cagmun. k,nEhenH KWCaEpkmYynkRmg
skmPaBkgyuTnakartsUmtirbs;BYkeK.

karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 15
 eFVIEpnkar EpnkarskmPaByuTnakartsUmti
eRkayBI)anviPaKy:aght;ct;nUveKalbMNgrYm eKalbMNgCak;lak; snsSn_ GgeKaledA nig
skmPaBnanarbs;eyIgrYcehIyenaH eyIgRtUverobcMEpnkarskmPaByuTnakartsUmtimYyeLIg. EpnkarenHnwgCYyBRgwgKMnit
nig kicRbwgERbgTaMgLayrbs;eyIg[eTACaKeRmagkardc,as;las;mYysRmab;yuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg nig edIm,ICYyENnaM
pvdl;mnusSTaMgGs;EdleFVIkarenAkgyuTnakarenaH.
EpnkarskmPaBnyuTnakartsUmti
eKalbMNgCak;lak; snsSn_ meFa)ayvas;Evg GgeKaledA sm<nmit skmPaB kalkMNt;
erobcMyuTsaRskg
c,ab;cMlgn
eKalneya)ay cMeNamsmaCikcRmuH 4
esoveP
ATI
kgryeBlBIrqaM rbs;rdsPa rdsPa
rdsPanwgGnumt rdsPaTTYlykcMnYn 50 smaCikbNajGgkar bBaHbBalsmaCik
eKalneya)aymYy PaKry nkarpas;br lixitecjBIrdsPa
niyaylMGitGMBI
GgkarmnusSFmCMnYy minEmnrdaPi)al rdsPa tamry 2
esoveP
ATI
edIm,Ipl;kickarBar EdlesIeLIgeday seRgaHGnrCati karCYbpal; nig
kan;EteRcInEfmeTot GgkarminEmnrdaPi)al eKalneya)ayenaH FnaKarBiPBelak sikasala qaMTI1-2
dl;CnRkIRk nig dak;bBaleTAkgeKal r)aykarN_tam mas;GMeNay
xSt;exSay EdlrgeRKaH neya)ayCati sIGMBI bNajsarBtman FnaKarGPivDn_GasuI yuTnakartam
edaysarkarruHerI kartaMgTIlMenACafI. niyaylMGitGMBIeKal RbBnpSBVpSay ryRbB npSBVpSay 3
esoveP
ATI
TIlMenA. neya)ayecj edIm,IRbmUlpM
edayrdsPa saFarNCn

smaCikbNajGgkar RsavRCavCeRmIs
EpnkartaMgTIlMenACafI
manEpnkartaMg
minEmnrdaPi)al EpnkartaMgTIlMenACafI 1
esoveP
ATI
dc,as;las;mYy nwgRtUv EpnkarGPivDn_Cati
TIlMenACafI GaCJaFrEdndI erobcM nig bgaj
eFVIsmahrNkmeTAkg nwgmanbBalEpnkar rdmnIRksYgEpnkar qaMTI2
Epnkar 5qaM rbs; taMgTIlMenACafImYy
enAkgEpnkar
RkumkargarEpnkar
xwmsarCUnRkumkargar
EpnkaryuTsaRs
2
esoveP
ATI
GPivDn_Cati
GaCJaFrEdndI yuTsaRskat;bnyPaB bnyPaBRkIRkfak;
kat;
RkIRkfak;Cati Cati nig GaCJaFrEdndI

y:agehacNas; 50
smaCikbNajGgkar
PaKry nkrNIEdl
eRkArdaPi)al eFVIGegtelIRkumrgeRKaH
BakbNwgrbs;CnRkIRk
nig CnEdlgayrgeRKaH
cat;EcgedaybNaj
RbRBwtikmruHerItaMg
ryeBleqIytb
BIrdaPi)al
nig ecjr)aykarN_ 3
esoveP
ATI
FnaKarBiPBelak tamrysinisITkaEst
RtUv)andak;CUnGaCJaFr TIlMenACafInaMmk GgkarmnusSFmCMnYy
qaMTI3
Bak;Bn mankarTTYldwg nUvPaBRbesIrelI cMnYnkrNIEdlRtUv segaHGnrCati
FnaKarGPivDn_GasuI RbmUlkrNIRsbc,ab;
B nig RtUv)ancat;
viFankar.
sanPaBRbCaBlrd
EdlRtUvpas;brTIlMenA
edaHRsay
BIRkumrgeRKaH 5
esoveP
ATI
shKmn_rgeRKaH
ehIymankt;RtaTukCa
ksar.
esovePAdTeTot manenAkg
kRmgGkCMnajtsUmtirbs;eyIg.

16 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
 eFVIskmPaB
eRkayBI)anerobcMsresrEpnkarskmPaByuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIgrYcehIyenaH CaeBlEdl
eyIgRtUvcab;epImGnuvtskmPaByuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg. eTaHCay:agNakeday munnwgcab;epImGnuvtkRmgskmPaB
EdleyIg)aneRCIserIsenaH eyIgRtUvEterobcMskmPaBTaMgenaHeTAtamGaTiPaB. skmPaBxHGaceFVIenAeBlNak)anEdr
skmPaBxHtRmUv[eyIgGnuvtmuneK skmPaBxHeTotRtUveFVItamkalbriecT nig eBlevlaCak;lak;. skmPaBn
yuTnakartsUmti nwgman\TiBlkan;EtxaMg RbsinebIeyIg)aneRtomlkNCamun.
GnuvttamEpnkar
RtUvBayamGnuvttamEpnkartsUmtirbs;eyIg. kuMcab;epImehIy
rYcQb;eTAvij. TivaBiPBelaksMxan;
fTI 8 Ex mIna TivaGnrCatinarI
rkSakarepat[cMcMNuc fTI 1 Ex ]sPa TivaBlkmGnrCati
CRmuj[RKb;KaepateTAelIskmPaBEdleyIg)ankMNt;Tuk. fTI 22 Ex emsa TivaEpndI
kuMgakecjBIGVIEdl)ankMNt;rYcehIy. fTI 1 Ex F TivaBiPBelakRbyuTRbqaMgnwgCmWeGds_
Gnuvt[cMkalevla
RtUvriHKitrkrebobEdleyIgGacPab;skmPaBrbs;eyIgeTAnwgfQb;sRmaksMxan; karCYbRbCuMRbcaMtMbn; snisITrbs;
rdaPi)al b TivaBiPBelaksMxan;.

17
 vaytm
bEnmBIelIEpnkarskmPaByuTnakartsUmtiEdlmankarerobcM)anl nig manlkNR)akdniym
enaH RKb;yuTnakartsUmtiRtUvmankarebCJacitkgkarRtYtBinit nig vaytmCaeTogTat;nUvkicRbwgERbgrbs;xn. tamrykar
RtYtBinit nig vaytm eyIgGacEksRmYlEpnkarskmPaBrbs;eyIgedaymankarqHbBaaMgBIemeronEdleyIgTTYl)anenABak;
kNalyuTnakar.
karRtYtBinit
karRbmUlBtmanedIm,Ivas;Evg\TiBlnyuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg ehAfa {karRtYtBinit}. karRtYtBinit KWCakar
eRbobeFob FnFanepIm (Inputs) [dUcCa FnFanmnusS smar nig hirBavtCaedIm] lTplpal; (Outputs) [dUcCa
skmPaB plitpl] nig plseRmc (plcugeRkay) CamYynigEpnkarskmPaByuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg. edIm,I[karRtYt
BinitmanRbsiTPaB eyIgRtUvbBalkargarRtYtBinitenHeTAkgRKb;dMNak;kalTaMgGs;nyuTkartsUmtirbs;eyIg. enAeBl
eyIgeFVIkarRtYtBinitCaeTogTat;enaH eyIgGacdwgfaetIskmPaBrbs;eyIgkMBugEtnaMeyIgeq<aHeTAseRmceKalbMNgCak;lak;
rbs;eyIgby:agNa.
kmviFIRtYtBinitTTYleCaKCy nwgpl;CaRbPBBtmany:ageRcInGMBIyuTnakarrbs;eyIg RBmTaMgFana[mankarTTYl
xusRtUveTotpg. ]TahrN_ RbsinebIeyIgcg;dwgfa yuTnakartamryRbBnpSBVpSayrbs;eyIg)anTTYleCaKCy b min)an
eTenaH eyIgRtUvkt;RtakarcuHpSaytamsarBtman. RbsinebIcg;dwgfa karRbwgERbgbBaHbBalrbs;eyIgTTYleCaKCy b
min)aneTenaH eyIgRtUvrab;lixitKaMRTBIrdmnInana.
dMeNIrkarRtYtBinit

FnFanepIm lTplpal; plseRmc plb:HBal;

FnFan dUcCa mnusS smar nig hirBavt lTplpal; )anmkBIkarbBal nig smiTipl )anmkBIkareRbIR)as; b karEklMGKuNPaBCIvit EdlGacvas;Evg
EdleyIgdak;eRbIenAkgyuTnakarrbs; eRbIR)as;FnFan edIm,IbegIt GMeBIrbs;lTplpal;. )anc,as;las; nwgrYmviPaKTandl;
eyIg. smtPaBnkarseRmclTpl. eKalbMNgrYmy:agTUlMTUlayEfmeTot
sRmab;sgmTaMgmUl.
karvaytm
kgGMLgeBlyuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg eyIgRtUvkMNt;eBlevlaxHedIm,IviPaKBtman EdleyIgRbmUl)anenAkg
dMeNIrkarRtYtBinit. karenHehAfa {karvaytm}. karvaytmnwgCYyeyIg[Kit)anlitln; GMBIcMNucxaMg nig cMNucexSay
rbs;eyIg. tamrysnsSn_ Edl)anmkBIEpnkarskmPaByuTnakarsUmtirbs;eyIg eyIgGac)a:n;RbmaNnUvGVIEdleyIg
seRmc)an nig rebobEdleyIgeRbIR)as;FnFan)anlb:uNa. TinnyRtYtBinit kGacbgajBIkarpas;brenAkgsabnkan;GMNac
sm<nmit nig GkRbqaMg b bBaapal;Etmg. kgkarqHbBaaMglTplnkarvaytmrbs;eyIg eyIgRtUveRtomxnCanic edIm,I
EksRmYlEpnkarskmPaByuTnakartsUmtirbs;eyIg eTaHbICayuTnakarenaHkMBugEtdMeNIrkareTAmuxkeday.
18 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
esckIsnidan
eBlNamankarCiHCan; PaBRkIRk b GyutiFm eBlenaHnwgmankartsUmti. Cnl;drwgmaMnyuTnakartsUmti KWEpnkar
skmPaBtsUmtiEdlxI nig c,as;las; erobcMeLIgEpktamCMhanTaMg 5 nckvdtsUmti. TIbMput EpnkarenHnwgnaMpveyIgqg
kat;]bsK nig karlM)aknana EdleyIgRtUvRbQmmux edIm,InaMmknUvkarpas;brBitR)akdenAkgshKmn_rbs;eyIg.

enAkgesovePAelIkeRkayrbs;eyIg EdlmancMNgeCIgfa {karksagTMnak;TMngCamYyrdaPi)al} eyIgnwgsikSa

beckeTserobcM nig bBanBtmantsUmtieTAmRnIrdaPi)al.

" kuMsgSyeT,Iyfa RbCaBlrdmYyRkumtUc

EdlecHriHKit nig mankarebCJacit
minGacpas;brBiPBelak)anenaH .
enHKWCaerOgBitEdlFab;ekItmanrYcmk
ehIy ." Margaret Mead

karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti 19
 sTanuRkm
KNenyPaB b karTTYlxusRtUvsaFarN
GaceqIycMeBaHbuKl nig GgPaB.
yuTnakar
kRmgskmPaBmanTMnak;TMngKaCayuTsaRs
edIm,IseRmceKalbMNgrYmmYy. ksareyag nig
karRbQmmux (Confrontation) CaCMnYysRmab;karRsavRCavbEnm
CemaHekItecjBIkarExVgKMnitKa. sRmab;BtmanbEnmGMBIRbFanbTTaMgenH sUmGan
smtPaB Advocacy Toolkit: Understanding Advocacy
PaBvagvEdlGaceFVI b plitGVImYy; lTPaB. eday Graham Gordon, Tearfund (2002)
RkumcRmuH (Coalition)
sm<nPaBrvagmnusS Ggkar KNbkS b RbCaCati.
Advocacy Toolkit: Practical Action in Advocacy
Cn)at;bg;siTibeBajmti (Disenfranchised)
RbCaBlrdEdlRtUv)at;bg;siTikgkarbeBajmtieyabl; eday Graham Gordon, Tearfund (2002)
pl;siTiGMNac
bMBak;; b pl;lTPaBCMnaj b bglTPaB. Advocacy: Building Skills for NGO Leaders
RkbxNkargar (Framework) edaymCmNlskmPaB GPivDn_ nig RbCaCn
bNMnkarsnt eKalKMnit KuNtm nig rebobGnuvt The Center for Development and Population Activities
EdlbegItrebobBinitemIlkarBit. (CEDPA) (1999)
Gnuvt
meFa)aysRmab;seRmceKalbMNgrYm; viFI b esovePAENnaMGMBIyuTnakartsUti
Pak;gar.
eKalbMNgCak;lak; edIm,IBRgIkbriyakasRbCaFibetyenAkm<Ca
GVImYyEdleKRtUvseRmc[)an b BayameTA[dl;. eday Christina Mansfield, Kurt MacLeod, et al. Pact
GkRbqaMg (2003)
buKlEdlminkPaBCamYyGkepSgeTot.
GktMNag (Proxy) Advocacy in Cambodia:
buKl b GVImYyEdlTTYl)ansiTiGMNac edIm,IeFVI Increasing Democratic Space
skmPaBCMnYs[buKlmak;epSgeTot b GkCMnYs. eday Christina Mansfield, Kurt MacLeod, Pact (2002)
GkBak;Bn
buKlEdlTTYlplRbeyaCn_pal; enAkglTpln A New Weave of Power, People & Politics:
skmPaBmYy.
The Action Guide for Advocacy and Citizen
GgeKaledA
GkBak;BnEdlmanGMNacbMput kgkarpas;breKal Participation

neya)aysaFarN. GgeKaledACamnusS minEmn eday Lisa VeneKlasen with Valerie Miller, World
CasabneT. Neighbors (2002)
tm
eKalkarN_ xatKMrU b KuNPaBEdleKKitfaman Advocacy: Whats it all about?
tm b EdleKR)afacg;)an. eday WaterAid (2001)
20 karRKb;RKgyuTnakartsUmti
RbsinebIcg;)anesovePAenHbEnm sUmTak;Tg

Pact Cambodia
mCmNlPMeBj Can;TI3
EkgpvRBHsIhnu 274 nig mhavifIRBHsuFars
sgat;Ten)asak; xNcMkarmn raCFanIPMeBj
RbGb;sMbuRtelx 149 RbsNIy_ PMeBj
RBHraCaNacRkkm<Ca
TUrsBTUrsar 855-23 217 820
www.pactcam.org