HIGH VOLTAGE LABORATORY

EXPERIMENT NO :02
GROUP NO:3
ROLL NO :14/EE/61-14/EE/67

STUDY THE CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPULSE VOLTAGE AND

WAVE SHAPE OF LIGHTNING IMPULSE VOLTAGE
OBJECTIVE : Study the characteristics of Impulse voltage and the wave shape of Lightning Impulse

voltage.

THEORY : Impulse voltage is of two types one is lightning impulse voltage and switching

impulse voltage. Lightning Impulse is a natural phenomenon and switching impulse is man made.

Impulse waves are defined by their tail time or fall time (50% of peak voltage) and rise or front

time (at peak voltage). Rise and fall time for lightning impulse are 1.2us and 50us & for switching

impulse 250us and 2500us respectively.

In this we will generate lightning impulse voltage by using modern Marx circuit. Marx circuit

is used for testing the high voltage electrical equipments . DC source of 230V is supplied as input

to the circuit through rectifier circuit(which is movable for providing both negative and positive

polarity) . A test Transformer which provides supply to rectifier circuit.

APPARATUS:

SNO NAME OF THE EQUIPMENT RANGE

1 Impulse generator 800KV,40KJ
2 Voltage divider 800KV
3 Test transformer 230/100KV,8KVA

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
 OBESERVATION:

For positive impulse

SLNO AC VOLTAGE DC VOLTAGE ACTUAL VOLTAGE MEASUREDVOLTAGE EFFICIENCY %

1 59.4V 29.2KV 116.8KV 111.5KV 98.4
2 84.6V 41.2KV 164.8KV 154.7KV 93.8
3 97.8V 47.7KV 190.8KV 167.7KV 87.9

For Negative impulse

SLNO AC VOLTAGE DC VOLTAGE ACTUAL VOLTAGE IMPULSE VOLTAGE EFFICIENCY %

1 57V -27KV -108KV -109KV 100
2 77V -37.86KV -151.44KV -154KV 101
3 92.2V -45.4KV -181.6KV -176KV 96.9
 Impulse voltage wave shape for different capacitance C2=1000pf, 300pf

for C2 =300pf
 front resistance R1=60ohm

Tail resistance R2=68 ohm

capacitance C1=0.16uF With charging voltage of 125KV

front time Tf=3*R1*C1*C2/(C1+C2)

Tail time Tt= .7*(R1+R2)*C1*C2

CONCLUSIONS:-
1) Discharging of the capacitor is done by adjusting the sphere gap.
2) It was seen that at the beginning the breakdown was occurring between the sphere
gap , which was placed in the upper side.
The test transformer is two stage cascade transformer