Q1.1 (a) Analyze the continuous beams shown in the Figure 1 using slope deflection method.

40kN
12kN/m
A B
C

5m 2.5m 2.5m

(a)

Solution:- Fixed End Moments

wL2 12 52
M FAB 25 kN .m
12 12
wL2 12 52
M FBA 25 kN .m
12 12
40 5
M FBC 25 kN .m
8
40 5
M FCB 25 kN .m
8
2EI 2EI
MAB=MFAB (2 A B ) 25 ( B ) [ A 0]
5 5
2 EI
MBA 25 (2 B )
5
2EI
MBC 25 (2 B )
5
2 EI
MCB 25 ( B )
5
By equilibrium condition, M AB M BA 0 B 0

The final end moments are

MAB = -25 kN.m
MBA =25kN.m
MBC =-25 kN.m
MCB = 25 kN.m
Q1.1(b) Analyze the continuous beams shown in the Figure 1 using slope deflection method.

100kN

B
A C
2I 3I
zzz
6m 3m 3m

(b)

Solution:- Fixed End Moments

MAB = 0, MBA = 0, MBC = -75 kN.m and MCB=75 kN.m

Slope-deflection equations,
2EI
MBA 0 2 B
6
2(2EI )
MBC 75 2B C
6
2(3EI )
MCB 75 2C B
6
From Equilibrium Condition

M BA M BC 0
4EI 6EI
(2 B ) 75 (2 B C ) 0
6 6
20
B EI EIC 75
6

20 EI B 6 EIC 450 (i)

Also MCB=0

6 EI B 12 EIC 450 (ii)

675 975
B , C
17 EI 17 EI
Final Moments
M AB 26.47 kN .m

M BA 52.94 kN .m

M BC 52.94 kN .m
Q1.1(c) Analyze the continuous beams shown in the Figure 1 using slope deflection method.

B C
A
6.3mm
EI=100,000kNm2

6m 6m

(c)

Solution:-
Slope deflection equation
2 EI
M AB B
6
2EI
M BA 2B
6

2 EI 3
M BC 2
6
B C
6

2 EI 3
M CB
6 2C B 6

Equilibrium conditions

MBA+MBC 0 4 B C 0 (i)
2

M CB 0 2C B 0 (ii)
2
2 3
Solving (i) and (ii) B and
14 14
Substituting back in the two slope deflection equation

EI 105 6.3 103

M AB 15 kN .m
42 42

EI 105 6.3 103

M BA M BC 30 kN .m
21 21
Q1.1(d) Analyze the continuous beams shown in the Figure 1 using slope deflection method.

B 30kN/m 1.5m
C D
A
2m 60kN.m
4m 5m 3m

(d)
Solution:-

5wL2
F
M AB = 12.5 kN .m
192
11wL2
F
M BA = 27.5 kN .m
192
wL2
F
M BC = 62.5 kN .m
12
MFCB = 62.5 kN .m

M 0 M 0 M 0
MFCD = 7.5 kN.m
4 8 8
4 EI B
MBA = 27.5 + 27.5 EI B
4

4 EI B 2 EIC

MBC = -62.5 + 5 5
62.5 0.8EI B 0.4 EIC

3EIC
MCD = -7.5 + 7.5 EIC
3
Eqb condition
MBA+MBC = 0

1.8EI B 0.4 EIC 35 (i)

MCB+MCD=0

62.5 0.4 EI B 0.8EIC 7.5 EIC 0

0.4 EI B 1.8EIC 55

27.597 36.6888
B , C
EI EI

MAB = 12.5 2 27.597 1.2985 kN .m

4
MBA = 27.5 27.597 55.097 kN .m

MBC = 62.5 0.8 27.597 0.4 36.688 55.097 kN. m

MCB = 62.5 0.4 27.597 0.8 36.688 44.1888 kN .m

MCD = 44.1888 kN .m

Calculated value Sap value

MBA= 55.097 kN .m 54.81 kN .m

MBC= 55.097 kN .m - 54.81 kN .m

MCB = 44.1888 kN.m 43.62 kN .m

MCD = -44.1888 kN.m - 43.62 kN .m

Calculation of Reactions
30kN/m
1.2985 55.097
A 4m B

MB = 0

RA 4 1.2985 55.097 30 2 1 0
RA = 0.9 kN.m
SF at B = 59.1 kN.m
Member BC
30kN/m
55.097 44.1888
B 5m C
 Mc = 0
RB 5-55.097 + 44.1888 30 5 2.5 =0
RB =77.1816 kN.m
Total Reaction at B = 59.1+ 77.1816
= 136.28 kN.m (ii)
S.F at C (left) = 30 5-77.1816
= 72.8184 kN.m
Member CD
60 kN.m
44.1888
C 3m D
MD = 0
Rc 3 -44.1888-60 =0
RC =34.72kN
Total Reaction at C =72.8181+ 34.72= 107.5477 kN.m
RD = -34.72 kN.m
Support Reaction
RA = 0.9 kN.m
RB = 136.28 kN.m
RC = 107.5477 kN.m
RD = 34.72 kN.m
Q1.1 (e) Analyze the continuous beams shown in the Figure 1 using slope deflection method.

60kN

B
A D
2I 2I I
6m 3m 3m

(e)

Solution:- Figure 1.

Span AB

4 A I AB 2 B I AB
M AB M F AB
LAB LAB

2
EI B
3

4 B EI AB 2 EI AB A
M BA M F AB
LAB LAB

4 EI B

3
Span BC

4 EI BC B 2 EI BCC 6 EI BC
M BC M F BC 2
LBC LBC L BC

8 4EIC 4EI
EI B
3 3 3
Span CB
4EI B 8EI B 4EI
MCB =
3 3 3
M BC M CB
VCB= VCB
3

8EI
4 EI B 4 EIC /3
3
4EI B 4EIC 8EI

3 3 9
Span CD
4 EIC 6EI
M CD M F CD
3 9
4EIC 2
EI
3 3
2 EIC 2 EI
MDC=
3 3
M CD M DC
VCD = VCD
3
2EIC 4EI

3 9
Eqb Condition
MBA+ MBC = 0
4EI B 8EI B 4EIC 4EI
0
3 3 3 3

4 EI B 1.33EIC 1.33EI 0 (i)

MCB + MCD = 0
4EI B 8EIC 4EI 4EIC 2EI
0
3 3 3 3 3

1.33EI B 4 EIC 0.67 EI 0 (ii)

Now 60
VCBVCD

VCB + 60= VCD

VCD- VCB =60

-1.33EI B 0.67EI C + 1.33EI = 60 (iii)

Solving

B = 21.384
EI
C 4.399 / EI

68.713 / EI
Calculated SAP
MAB 14.256 kN.m 14.23 kN.m
MBA28.512kN.m 28.92 kN.m
MBC-28.512kN.m -28.92 kN.m
MCB -51.374 kN.m -51.5 kN.m
MCD 51.374 kN.m51.5kN.m
MDC48.74 kN.m48.09 kN.m
Calculation of Reaction
Member AB
14.256 28.512

RA= -7.128 kN.m

RB= 7.128 kN.m
Member BD
28.512 60 48.09
B 6 D
RB6-28.512-603+48.09=0
RB= 26.737 kN.m
Total Reaction at B = 26.737+7.128
= 33.865 kN.m
RD= 60-33.865
RD= 26.135 kN.m
Support Reaction
RA = 7.128 kN.m
RB = 33.865 kN.m
RD = 26.135 kN.m
Q1.2 (a) Derive the slope deflection equations for the members shown in the Figure 2.

A B
I 2I
L L
2 2
L L
Solution:-

The slope deflection equation for the members AC and CB are written as,

2 EI 3 C
M AB M AC 2 (i )
L / 2 L / 2
A C

2 EI 3
M CA 2C A C (ii)
L/2 L / 2

4 EI 3( C )
M CB 2C B (iii)
L/2 L / 2

4 EI 3( C )
M BA M BC 2 (iv)
L / 2 L / 2
B C

Joint equilibrium condition at joint C: MCA+MCB=0

2 EI 3 4 EI 3( C )
2C A C 2C B 0
L/2 L / 2 L / 2 L / 2

Or

C A B 2
C (v)
L 6 3 L

Also from equation shear on both sides of joint C, VCA=VCB

M AC M CA M CB M BC

L/2 L/2

2 EI 6 C 4 EI 6( C )
3 3 3 3
L / 2 L / 2 L / 2 L / 2
A C B C
 12 C 8
C A 2 B vi
L L
3 A 2 B 16
C and ,
11 11 11L
C 7 A 5 B 6

L 66 33 11L

Substituting C and C in Eqs (i) and (iv)

16 EI 5 16 EI 7
M AB
11L 3 A 2 B L and , M BA 11L 2 A 5 B L
Q1.2(b) Derive the slope deflection equations for the members shown in the Figure 2.

Hinge
A B
a b

Solution:-
Now
6
2 A 4 BA (i)
a
2EI A 4EI BA 6EI
M BA (ii)
a a a2

Substituting value of BAfrom (i) to (ii)

3EI A 3EI
MAB 2 (iii)
a a
Shear Condition, We Have
M AB M CB

a b
3EI A 3EI 3EIC 3EI

a2 a3 b2 b3
Solving
ab
(b2 A a 2C )
a b33

Substituting in (iii)

3EI A .a 2 ab
MAB 3 3 3EI 3 3
a b a b
Similarly

4EI BC 6EI 2EIC

MBC 2 0
b b b
Solving
C 3
BC
2 2b
Now
2EI BC 6EI 4EIC
M CB 2
b b b
3EI BC 3EI
2
b b
ab 2
Now Putting 3
b A a 2 C ,
a b
3

3EIC .b2 3EI A .ab2

M CB
a 3 b3 a 3 b3
Q1.3(a) Analyze the continuous beams shown in the Figure 3 using slope deflection method.

B
A C
Hinge M

L/2 L/2 L/2 L/2

(a)

Solution:-
Slope deflection equation
3EI
M AB
L B
(i )
2
2
3EI
M BA
L B
(ii )
2
2
M 2EI
M BC (2 B ) (iii)
4 L
M 2EI
M CB ( B ) (iv)
4 L
Joint equilibrium condition
M BA M BC 0
or

3EI M 2 EI
( B ) (2 B ) 0
L 4 L
or
ML
B
28EI
The final moments are
MAB = 3M / 28

MBA = 3M / 28

MBC = 3M / 28

MCB = 5M / 28
Q1.3(b) Analyze the continuous beams shown in the Figure 3 using slope deflection method.

24kN

B Hinge
A C

6m 3m 3m

(b)

Solution
2EI
M AB ( B ) (i)
6
2EI
M BA (2 B ) (ii)
6
3EI
M BC 36 ( B ) (iii)
23
3EI
M CB 36 ( B ) (iv)
23
Joint equilibrium condition
M BA M BC 0
or

2 EI 3EI
(2 B ) 36 ( B ) 0
6 23
or
216
B
7 EI
The final moments (kN.m)

MAB = 10.29

MBA = 20.57

MBC = 20.57

MCB = 51.43
Q1.3(c) Analyze the continuous beams shown in the Figure 3 using slope deflection method.

w/unit length

A B C
EI EI
12 EI
k
L3

L
L
2
(c)

Figure 3.

Solution:-
Slope deflection equation are

wL2 2EI
M AB (2 A B ) (i)
12 L
wL2 2EI
M BA (2 B A ) (ii)
12 L
2EI
M BC ( B ) (iii)
L
Joint equilibrium condition
M AB 0
or

wL2 2 EI
(2 A B ) 0
12 12
or

wL3
2 A B (iv)
24EI
M BA M BC 0
or
wL2 2 EI 2 EI
(2 B A ) ( B ) 0
12 L L
or

wL3
A 3 B (v )
24EI
Solving (iv) and (v)

wL3 wL3
A and B
30 EI 40 EI
Thus

wL2
M BA M BC
20
Consider BC and spring as Apply moment M: The rotation in the direction of M is

M ( L / 2) M L3 1

3EI ( L / 2) 12 EI ( L / 2)
M 'L

2 EI
Moment for unit rotation
(i.e. ' 1)

2EI

L
Q1.4(a) Analyzed the rigid-jointed plane frames shown below using the slope deflection method.
Take uniform value of the EI for all the members of the frame if it is not mentioned.

20kN/m

B C

4m

3m

Solution

20 32
MFBC= - MFCB= - = - 15 kN.m
12
Slope deflection equation
2EI
M AB ( B ) (i)
4
2EI
M BA (2 B ) (ii)
4
2 EI
M BC 15 (2 B C ) (iii)
3
2EI
M CB 15 (2C B ) (iv)
3
Joint equilibrium conditions
2 EI 2 EI
M BA M BC 0 (2 B ) 15 (2 B C ) 0
4 3
or
90
14 B 4C (v)
EI

45
M 0 2 (vi)
CB C B 2EI
Solving (v) and (vi)
 11.25 16.875
and
B EI C EI
Final moments are
MAB = 5.625 kN .m

MBA = 11.25 kN .m

MBC = 11.25 kN .m

MCB = 0
Q1.4(b)Analyzed the rigid-jointed plane frames shown below using the slope deflection method.
Take uniform value of the EI for all the members of the frame if it is not mentioned.

28 kN/m
B C
2I

I 3m
4m
I

A D

3m

Solution
MFAB = MFBA = 0

28 32
M F BC 21 kN .m, M F CB 21 kN .m and
12

M F CD M F DC 0
Slop deflection equation

2 EI 3
M AB B (i)
4 4

2 EI 3
M BA 2 B (ii)
4 4
4EI
M BC 21 (2 B C ) (iii)
3
4EI
M CB 21 (2C B ) (iv)
3
2EI 3
M CD (2C ) (v)
3 3
2EI 3
M DC (C ) (vi)
3 3
Joint equilibrium condition at joint B: MBA+MBC=0
 2 EI 3 4 EI
or 2 B 21 (2 B C ) 0
4 4 3
9 126
or 22 B 8C (vii)
4 EI

At joint C M CB M CD 0

4EI 2EI 3
or 21 (2C B ) (2C ) 0
3 3 3
63
or 4 B 12C 2 (viii)
EI
Shear condition since there is no external lateral forces

VBA VCD 0
M BA M BA M CD M DC
0
4 3
or
91
27 B 48C 0
2

Solve the above simultaneous equations B=8.49/EI, C=-8.784/E I and =-4.23/EI

Substituting back in the slope deflection equations the bending moments in (kN.m) are

M AB 5.83

M BA 10.07

M BA 10.07

M CD 8.9

M CD 8.9 And

M DC 3.04
Q1.4(c) Analyze the rigid-jointed plane frames shown below using the slope deflection method.
Take uniform value of the EI for all the members of the frame if it is not mentioned.

60kN
A B

4m

3m 3m

Solution:-

Slope deflection equation

2 EI 3 3
M AB B 3 4 (i )
3

2 EI 3 3
M BA 2 B 3 4 (ii )
3

2 EI 3 5
M BC 2 B C 5 4 (iii )
5

2 EI 3 5
M CB 2C B 5 4 (iv)
5

Joint conditions

At joint B:- M BA M BC 0

2 EI 3 3 2 EI 3 5
Or 2 B 3 4 2 B C 5 4 0
3 5

Or= 32 B 6C 3 0 (v)
At joint C:- M CB 0

5 / 4 0
2 EI 3
Or , 2 C B
5 5
Or , 4 B 8C 3 0 (vi)

Shear condition taking moments of all forces about C,

M AB M BA
6 M AB 603 0
3

Or= M AB 2M BA 180 0

2 EI 3 2 EI 3
Or , B 3 / 4 2 2 B 3 / 4 180 0
3 3 3 5
1080
Or , 20 B 9 (vii)
EI
Solving the above simultaneous equation

B 36.346 / EI, C = -93.461 / EI, and, 200.769 / EI

Substituting back in the slope deflection equation the bending moment in (kN.m) are

M AB -76.15, M BA -51.92, M BC 51.92, and, M CB 0

Q1.4(d) Analyzed the rigid-jointed plane frames shown below using the slope deflection method.
Take uniform value of the EI for all the members of the frame if it is not mentioned.

Solution:-DOFs are B , C and D .

Fixed end moments

12 4 2
M FAB 16 kN .m
12

12 4 2
M FBA 16 kN .m
12

Slope deflection equations are

M AB 16
2EI
B
4

M BA 16
2EI
2 B
4

2 EI 3
M BC 2 B C
5 5

2 EI 3
M CB B C
5 5
 2 EI 3
M BD 2 B D
5 5

2 EI 3
M DB B D
5 5

Joint equilibrium conditions,

At C, the shear is zero i.e.

M BC M CB
0
5

2 EI 3 2 EI 3
2 B C B C
5 5 5 5
0
5

3 C 3
2 B B C 0
5 5

C 2.5 B
(i)

Similarly at D, the shear is zero i.e.

M BD M DB
0
5

2 EI 3 2EI 3
2 B D B D
5 5 5 5
0
5

3 D 3
2 B B D 0
5 5

D 2.5 B
(i)

The equilibrium condition at joint B,

M BA M BC M BD 0
 3 3
16
2EI
2 B 2EI 2 B C 2 EI 2 B D 0
4 5 5 5 5

Substituting as C D 2.5 B and simplifying,

16
B
1.4 EI
40
Hence, C D
1.4 EI
Substituting above in the slope-deflections equations, the final moments are,

M AB 21.71 kN .m

M BA 4.57 kN .m

M BC 2.285 kN .m

M CB 2.285 kN .m

M BD 2.285 kN .m

M DB 2.285 kN .m
Q1.4(e) Analyzed the rigid-jointed plane frames shown below using the slope deflection method.
Take uniform value of the EI for all the members of the frame if it is not mentioned.

30kN/m
B C
2I

4m
I I

A D

2m 3m

Solution:-Fixed end moments

30 32
M FBC 22.5 kN .m
12

30 32
M FCB 22.5 kN .m
12

DOFs are B , B and .

Slope deflection equations are

2 EI 5 1 2 EI 3
M AB B 3
2 5 2 5 2 5
B
2 4

2 EI 3
M BA 2 B
2 5 4

M BC 22.5
2 E (2 I )
2 B C
3

M CB 22.5
2 E (2 I )
B 2 C
3

2 EI 3
M CD 2 C
4 4
 2 EI 3
M DC C
4 4

Joint equilibrium conditions,

M BA M BC 0

2 EI 3
2 B 22.5
2 E (2 I )
2 B C 0
2 5 4 3

12 B 4.5 10 5 B 5 5 C 22.5
3 2 5
EI

12 10 5 B 5 5 C 4.5
135 5
EI (i)

M CB M CD 0

22.5
2 E (2 I )
B 2 C 2 EI 2 C 3 0
3 4 4

270
16 B 32 C 12 C 4.5
EI

270
16 B 44 C 4.5
EI (ii)

Consider the equilibrium of the free body diagram and taking moment about point O,

M AB M BA M CD M DC 3
M AB M DC 30 3 0
2 5 4 2

1.5M AB 2.5M BA 2.5M CD 1.5M DC 135

2 EI 3 2 EI 3 2 EI 3 2 EI 3
1.5 B 2.5 2 B 2.5 2 C 1.5 C 135
2 5 4 2 5 4 4 4 4 4
 135 4 2 5
4 3 B 2.25 10 B 3.75 2 5 10 C 3.75 3 C 2.25
EI

52 B 26 5 C 4 2 5
135 4 2 5
EI (iii)

Solving equations (i), (ii) and (iii)

6.995
B
EI
11.927
C
EI
40.97

EI
Substituting above in the slope-deflections equations, the final moments are,

M AB 10.65 kN .m

M BA 7.52 kN .m

M BC 7.52 kN .m

M CB 27.29 kN .m

M CD 27.29 kN .m

M DC 21.33 kN .m
Q1.4(f) Analyzed the rigid-jointed plane frames shown below using the slope deflection method.
Take uniform value of the EI for all the members of the frame if it is not mentioned.

B C
100kN
I
2I
I 2m

2I 2I 2
A D m

3m 3m

Solution:-
Fixed End Moments

M FAB M FBA M FBC M FCB M FCD M FDC 0

Stop-deflection equations,

2(2 EI ) 3
M AB B
4 L

2(2 EI ) 3
M BA 2 B
4 L

16EI 16EI
M BC 2C 5 B 2C 5 B
11L 66

16EI
M CB 3C 2B
66

16 EI 5 16 EI 5
M CD
44 3C 2 D L 44 3C 2 D 4

16 EI 7 16 EI 7
M DC 2 5 2 5
L 4
C D C D
44 44
Joint equilibrium equations

35 32 80
M BA M BC 0 EI 2 B C B 0
4 66 66

48 32 48 80
M CB M CD 0 EI C B C 0
66 66 44 176

Shear condition

M BA M AB M CD M DC
100 0
4 4

EI 6 16 EI 12
3 B 5C 7 D 100 0
4 4 44 4 4

EI 6 EI 12
3 B 5C 100 0
4 4 11 4

EI 33
33 B 20C 12 100 0
44 2

EI 57
33 B 20C 100 0
44 2

The Three Equation Are

106 32 3
EI B C 0
33 66 4

32 20 80
EI B C 0
66 11 176

33 20 57
EI B C 100 0
44 44 88

Solving for

50.25 48.2 246.4

B , C and
EI EI EI
M AB 134.55 kN .m

M BA 84.3 kN .m

M BC 84.28 kN .m

M CB 59.42 kN .m

M CD 59.42 kN .m

M DC 121.75 kN .m