HJH NOR WARIZA BT JUFRI

The second moment of area also known as

the area moment of inertia, moment of inertia
of plane area, or second moment of inertia is
property of a cross section that can be used
to predict the resistance of beams to bending
and deflection, around an axis that lies in the
cross-sectional plane.
The deflection of beam under load depends
not only on the load, but also on the
geometry of the beams cross section.
 y

y
x
Figure : Moment of inertia

The moment of inertia of an area (or mass)

may also be found out by the method of
integration.
Moment of inertia at x axis, Ix= 2 dA
Moment of inertia at y axis, Iy= 2 dA
 Shape Area, A Ipg Ixx

x
3 3
h bh 12 3
y

hC x 3 3
y 2 36 12

y
r 2 4 4
2 @
x 4
d 64 32

2 0.11r4 4
4
8 8
y=
3 d
 I = Ipg + Ad2

Where:
A = Area of the section
d = distance between the axis Ipg and center
of gravity of the section.
 b

b Ipg = 3
h Ipg =
3
x x 12
x x 12

h
Figure (b)
Figure (a)

Pertimbangkan dua keratan rasuk segiempat

tepat di atas.
Kedua-dua rasuk mempunyai luas keratan
rentas yang sama, namun nilai momen luas
kedua, Ipg yang berbeza.
Keratan pertama memberi nilai momen luas
kedua yang lebih besar, dengan itu ianya
lebih kukuh dari bentuk yang kedua.
 Takrifan : nisbah di antara nilai momen luas
kedua sekitar paksi centroid bagi sesuatu
keratan dengan jarak terjauh di antara paksi
sentroid dengan bahagian bawah/atas
keratan.
Lazimnya simbol yang digunakan adalah Z.
y

x x d

y
b
 Anggap Ix sebagai momen luas kedua sekitar
paksi xx.

Zx =

= (di mana b/2 merupakan jarak sentroid terjauh ke hujung keratan atau ymax.)
/2
@

Zx =

 Find the moment of inertia of a T-section
shown in figure below about x-x and y-y
axes through the center gravity of the
section. x
150 mm

50 mm

y y 150 mm

50 mm

x
 x
150 mm
1 50 mm

2
y y 150 mm

50 mm
x

Section y (mm) Ax (mm3) Ay (mm3)

1 50/2 + 150 = 175 (150x50)(150/2)= (150x50)(175) =
562500 1312500
2 150/2 = 75 (150x50)[(50/2)+50] (150x50)(75) =
=562500 562500
Sum 1,125,000 1,875,000
 150
= = 75 mm
2

1,875,000
= = = 125 mm
15000

Moment of inertia about x-x axis

Section Ipg Ad2 Ixx=Ipg + Ad2

3= (150)(50)3 (150x50)(175-125)2
1 =
12 12
=18.75 x 106 mm4 20.3125 x 106 mm4
1.5625x106 mm4
3= (50)(150)3 (50x150)(125-75)2
2 = 32.8125 x 106 mm4
12 12
=18.75 x 106 mm4
14.0625x106 mm4
Ixx 53.125 x 106 mm4
 Moment of inertia about y-y axis
Section Ipg Ad2 Iyy=Ipg + Ad2

3= (50)(150)3
1 =
12 12
(50x150)(75-75)2 = 0 14.0625 x 106 mm4
14.0625x106 mm4

3= (150)(50)3
2 = (50x150)(75-75)2= 0 1.5625 x 106 mm4
12 12

1.5625x106 mm4
Iyy 15.625 x 106 mm4
 Based on the figures below, find the second moment of
area through the center gravity of the section.

150mm

15mm

400mm

85mm
15mm

100mm
15mm

700mm 105m
m

(a) (b)
(c)

(d) (e)
 Example:
1. The figure below shows a rolled steel beam of an
unsymmetrical I-section. Find the bending stress at the
extreme fibers of the cross section.
60 mm

20 mm

17 N/mm
20 mm 100 mm

3m
20 mm

100 mm
SOLUTION:

a) Find the center gravity fo the section,

ycompression = 79.23 mm, ytensile = 60.77mm

a) Find the second moment area,

Ixx = 1.285 x 107 mm4

a) Determine the maximum moment,

2
Mmax=
8
2
17 3000
= = 19.13 x 106 Nmm
8

compression = (y)compression

19.13 x 106 Nmm

= (79.23mm)
1.285 x 107 mm4

= 117.95 N/mm2

tensile = (y)tensile

19.13 x 106 Nmm
= (60.77mm)
1.285 x 107 mm4

= 90.47 N/mm2

Distribution of bending stress across the section.

117.95N/mm2

ytensile =60.77m

90.47 N/mm2