02.fundmentals of Rectifiers Power System

Fundamental of Power
Supply System
Training CenterJianbo Gong
Tel86-0755-26862543
Email:gjb@emersonnetwork.com.cn
Content
z Power Supply Function
z Power Supply Principle
z Switch Mode Power Supply
z Critical Technology of PS
z Network Power Total Solution
2 Emerson Confidential
Basic Principle
z Communication, never interrupt !
z Power, never interrupt!
Telecom Power System
Power
Switch

220V / 380VAC
Bus
bar
48VDC

Transmission

Battery
Rectifying
Power
Power
supply
supply Switch
Switch
Bus
220/380VAC
Bus
48VDC
Transmission
Transmission
Bar
Bar
z 1. AC DC rectifying
B attery Management
Battery -Battery Discharge
Management-Battery
Power
Power
supply
supply Switch
Switch
Bus
220/380VAC
Bus
48VDC
Transmission
Transmission
Bar
Bar
Battery
Battery
B attery management
Battery -Charge
management-Charge
Power
Power
supply
supply Switch
Switch
Bus
Bus
220/380VAC
48VDC
Transmission
Transmission
Bar
Bar
Battery
Battery
z 2. Manage the battery
Primary functions
z 1. AC DC rectifying
z 2. Manage the battery-

Provide suitable voltage, current
charging battery in time
Manage the battery(1)
z Charge Voltage
FC (Floating charge) 53.5V
Complement the charge loss for self-discharge in
the battery
EC (Equalizing charge) 56.4V
Quickly charge
Make the performance of each battery accordant
Equalizing Charge
Power
Power
supply
supply Switch
Switch
Bus
220/380VAC
Bus
Transmission
Transmission
Bar
Bar
Battery
Battery
Not full 56.4VDC
z 1. Charge the battery quickly
z 2. Make the performance of each battery accordant ( equalized )
Floating Charge
Power
Power
supply
supply Switch
Switch
Bus
220/380VAC
Bus
Transmission
Transmission
Bar
Bar
Battery
Battery
53.5VDC
full
z Complement the charge loss for self-discharge
Manage the battery(2)
z Charge Current
<= 0.1~0.15 C10

As the user, we hope the battery can be charged fully as
quickly as possible.
Not too small, otherwise the battery hasnt been
charged enough before next power cut.
Not too large, otherwise the battery will be damaged.
Example
z C10
Capacity (discharging all in 10 hours)
z Example
C10=1000AH
Charge current limit =100A ~150A
Content
Telecom power supply system
R S485
A C O u tp u t
48VDC
R e c tifyin g
DC Distribution
m o d u le
AC Distribution
A C In p u t R e c tifyin g
m o d u le

sampling
sampling
R e c tifyin g
Current
Current
m o d u le
R S485
P o w e r s u p p ly s ys te m R S 2 3 2 /4 8 5
B a c k g ro u n d m o n ito rin g
M o n ito rin g B a tte ry 1
F a ilu re m o d u le
c a ll b a c k
MODEM B a tte ry 2
PSTN
MODEM
R e m o te
m o n ito rin g L o ca l
m o n ito rin g
A u to ro u n d e d d e te c tio n
MODEM
Telecom power supply system
AC DC
Distributor Distributor
Monitoring
Rectifiers Module
Function of each Unit
z Rectifiercore partAC/DC
z AC Distributiondistribute AC
z DC Distributiondistribute DC
z Monitormonitoring, controlbattery
management
Rectifier
z Convert AC to DC
z At least 2 rectifiers
AC Distribution Unit
z AC access
z Distribute AC
for rectifiers
DC Distribution Unit
z Distribute DC for
load equipment
Monitor
z Monitoring
z Battery Management
z Provide standard communication ports, for
remote monitoring
PS Series
Capacity Small Medium Large
Capacity (A) <300 300-600 600-6000
Rectifier (A) 20, 25 50 100

System PS48100/25 PS48400/50 PS481000-2/100
PS48300-3/25 PS48600/50 PS481000-5/100
Applying Small station Mobil station Large switch
situation bureau
PS Series
Large capacity
PS481000-2/100
PS481000-5/100
Small capacity
PS48100/25
PS48300/25 Medium capacity
PS48300-3/25 PS48400-2/50
PS48600-2/50
Content
Switch Mode Power Supply
z Three Kinds of DC power
z Switch Mode Power Supply Principle
z Typical Circuit Analysis
Three Kinds of DC Power
Power tube principle power
Linear power transistor linear small

supply
Phase control SCR Phase control large

power supply
Switch mode MOS Switch mode large

power supply IGBT
Linear Power Supply
c VT1 e
+ RC2 RS +
Ube1 R2 Io
Ib1
b Uc2
IRc2 Ic2
Ui VT2
c Ib2 RL Uo
b
e Ube2
VDZ R1 UR1
- -
UoUR1UbeIb2Ic2Uc2Ib1Uce1Uo
Phase control power
UQ IQ L
+
Q
IL
g
T
Ui
U1 U2 C RL Uo
220V AC D
Working waveform
U1
U2
(a ) 0 o
o
180 360
* t1 *t
Ig
IQ
(b ) 0 o o
* t1 180 360 *t
UQ
(c )
0
o o
180 360
* t1 *t

Uo
(d ) 0
180
o
360
o
* t1 *t
Switch mode power supply principle
D
L
+
Q High +
frequency
converter
+
Voltage/pulse Vs Sampling L
converter voltage
o
C a
Ui Error -
d Uo
amplifier
Vref
Reference
voltage
- -
=Vs-Vref= ; > Pulse wide; < Pulse wide
PWM IC structure Block diagram
UREF Error
- Error signal
Feedbacksigna l +
amplifier
Uc -
Comparator Channel A
UF G1
+
Trigger Q Channel B
Oscillator CP G2
Oscillator
Q
output Us FF
PWM-Working Wave
PWM-Working
us uc
t
C omp ar ato r
o utp ut
t
FF Q
term in a l
o u tp u t
t
FF Q
t e r m i na l o ut p u t
t
C ha n ne l A
t
Channel B
DC/DC Convert
invert
DC1
AC1
310V
transformer
rectify
DC2
AC2
48V filter
z Three Kinds of DC power
Switch mode power principle diagram
Main circuit
DC/DC converter
T?
- +
AC
mains DC
Output rectify and filter

AC input filter invert
Rectify and filter
Error amplifier
PWM sampling
controller
oscillator reference
Control circuit
Rectifier
indication 3 2 Auxiliary power 1
Input filter
input
output
PWM control Full bridge Rectifying diode

4 5 6 7 8 9
Driving transformer DC capacitor

High Frequency transformer
Two -ends converter
Two-ends
L
+ Q1 D1 D3
T
+
D4
Ui R1 Uo
C
-
D2
- Q2
L
+ + -
T
+ + +
Ui R1 Uo
C
-
- -
Two -ends converter
Two-ends
L
+ Q1 D1 D3
T
+
D4
Ui R1 Uo
C
-
D2
- Q2
L
+ D1 - D3 + - +
T
- - +
Ui R1 Uo
C
-
D2 + +
Working waveform
U g
Ton ToFF
o t
U N p
U i
o
t
-U i
I N p I N p
I T
Io /n IN s /n I N p IN s /n I N p
o
IN s /n IN s /n t
IL
Io Io
o
Ts t
TS 1
U c
Um
Full bridge converting circuit
+ Q1 Q3 L
D1 D3 D5
T
C1 +
Ui Uo
C2 R
Q2 Np D6
Q4 D4 -
D2 Ns
Q1,Q4 conduct and current continued
+ Q3 L
D1 D3 D5 + -
T
C1 + +
Uo
Ui - R
Q2 - C2
D4 Np -
D2 Ns
+
-
+ Q1 Q3 L
D1 D3 RT D5 - +
T +
C1 +
-
Ui -
+ Uo
C2 R
Q2 + D6
Q4 D4 Np -
D2 -
Ns RT
-
Q 2,Q3 conduct and current continued
Q2,Q3
+ Q1 L
D1 D3 + -
T +
C1 +
-
Ui R Uo
+ D6 C2
Q4 D4 -
D2 Np -
Ns +
-
+ Q1 Q3 L
D1 D3 RT D5 - +
T
C1 - +
+
Ui +
- Uo
C2 R
Q2 - D6
Q4 D4 Np -
D2 +
Ns RT
-
Working Waveform
U g s (Q 1 )
o
t
U g s (Q 2 )
o
t
U d s (Q 1 )
Ui
U i /2
o t
U d s (Q 2 )
Ui
Ui /2
o
t
UN p
Ui
UT t
o
-U T
-U i
ID 5
IL
o
t
ID 6 IL
t
o
z Three Kinds DC power
R ectifier typical principle diagram
Rectifier
AC input Bridge Soft start Power Output
filtering rectifying circuit translation rectifying &
& filtering circuit output filtering
circuit
Sc
ai
Drive circuit
m
pr
lcu
i
n i
gt
Current
sharing
Auxiliary power circuit
supply of Input/output
Pulse width Voltage/current
voltage modulation isolating circuit comparator
stablizing Fan fault circuit amplifying circuit
circuit protection
circuit
Reference
power supply
Pulse signal meter reading

source circuit
circuit
Input filtering & High frequency High frequency Output

rectification convertor transformer rectification
AC
48DVC
Typical Main circuit
Soft start
L102 K101 DC-DC translation
V04
V1 Q3
R129
C117 DV302 L21
- + T01 L23
C116 R126
AC C118 C106 +
C114
N10 C205 C212
C113
C213 DC
V2 Q4
V304 -
EMI filtering
Softsrart FL01
Secondary filtering
Sampling circuit
+ R205 +
D202
R207
RP21
Vf
DC DC
R208 R204
C201 R208
C202
- R203
FL01
_
If
UB
Input soft start circuit
VCC1 VCC2
V106 R116
V109
R103 K101
R123
7
N11:A
3
VA + R126
6 V103
2 C114
-
N10 C113
R104
C101 V12 Main circuit

4
A uxiliary power supply
Auxiliary
vp+ R44 L9
D39 -5v
1 T3 5 R45
C3 D17
C79 2 6 C94
R89
4 8
D18 3 7 C44 C45 C9

U11
U9
D19
R24 7815
PWM Q11
3844 VCC1
controller L1
J5
R42 R25
Protection Circuit
z Output protection
Current limitshort-circuit fold back protection
output over-voltage protection.
z Input protection
Input over/under voltage protection, soft start.
z Other protection
Primary part over-current protectionfan fault
protection (alarm), over temperature protection.
Feedback control and current limit circuit
U7
SG3525
2
Vref + 9
1
Vf -
If Iref
RV1 VCC
D5
8
3 U6A
+ 1
2 358
-
-5V
Reference and Short -circuit fold back circuit
Short-circuit
VCC VCC
Iref
C74
RX
Vref U8 Q12 U3 Q13
Primary part over -current protection circuit
over-current
Vcc
D15
R76
D1
CT1 R2
8
3 D16
+ 1 R31
R77 C71 R1 C41 2 U4A
-
4
Vref
DC output overvoltage protection circuit
Vcc VO Vcc
R99
R96
D33 R124
R98
D24
RV4
R97
8
D34 3 D4
+ 1
2 U7A
-
C55 D32
4
R73
Fan fault protection circuit
VCC2
R116 R102
Fan N12 A R110
7
SHUT
3 V107 V11
+ 6 V102
2
C103 -
105
V12 C105
4
R109
R108
U2
U3
o
U6
o
Normal to Fault
AC input over/under voltage protection circuit
over/under
R116
Vcc2
Vcc2 R83
8
R75
5
8
+ R82
7 5 R26
6 U4B + 7
- 6 U5B
-
C85 R29 358 393
R30
4
Overvoltage comparator
4
Vref1
R115
R110 R109
Vref2 Vcc2 R80
R107
8
Vp+ R79 3
+ R27
1
2 U5A
-
393
R78
Undervoltage comparator
4
Content
Critical Technology of PS
Current Sharing
PFC
Soft Switch
Monitoring
Current Sharing Technology
V I1 V I2 V In
VIT
HD4850 HD4850
HD4850

Current sharing
Current sharing Current sharing
adjust
adjust adjust
V BUS
_
Low voltage difference automatic current sharing
Current Imbalance Calculation
n=In /Hn- Ii / Hi
n Rectifier n current imbalance
In Rectifier n output current
Hn Rectifier n rated current
Current Imbalance Calculation
Normally required n 5%
-5%H nIn-Ii /N+5%H n
Application
IMax-Imin5%H n
Current Sharing
PFC
Soft Switch
Monitoring
What is PF?
Power Factor = active power /apparent power
The higher the better.

Smaller PF means larger reactive power, more
harmonic current , which will pollute AC mains
network.
Active PFC Principle
U
I'
Active PFC Principle
L
D5
D1 D2
220V Q
C
Load
D3 D4
I'
Current Sharing
PFC
Soft Switch
Monitoring
Switching Tube
D Drain
D
G G
Gate
S
S Source
GDS
MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor FET
C
C
G IMOS IBJT
G Gate
IC
E E
aIGBT
IGBT Symbol bIGBTR
IGBT equivalent circuit
Hard switch and its switching process
(A)
v v
(B)
i i
v v
(C)
i i
No introduction
With introduction
(D)
p p
Resonance switch and its switching process
D
L
S C RL
(a)
i
Series resonace
v v
D
i v i
L
S C Switching on process Switching off process
(b)
RL
Parallel resonance
Soft Switch Principle
D
i
L v
S v
(a)
i v i
C Switching Switching
on off
Zero voltage switchZVS process process
L
S
(b)
Zero current swtichZCS
Phase shift full bridge converting circuit
+
Tr1 D1 Tr4 D4
Tr D
C
Vs I I
B
A
Tr3 D3 Tr2 D2
- Llk Lf
Vo
Vs'
+
+
Cf R
- -
Current Sharing
PFC
Soft Switch
Monitoring
Three Remote Items
z Remote signalingmeasure switch signal
z Remote Measurementmeasure analog signal
z Remote ControlControl state signal,
Limiting current, on/off rectifier, equalizing/floating
Structures of monitoring system
Background control center (PC)
Patrol Modem Control Modem
Call back Modem
PSTN
PC
PC
Modem Modem Modem
RS-232/RS-485 RS-232/RS-485
Monitoring module of Monitoring module of Monitoring module of

power supply system 1 power supply system 2 power supply system 3
RS-485 RS-485 RS-485
AC distribution Rectifier module DC distribution

monitoring unit monitoring unit monitoring unit
Two Kinds of Monitoring System
z Distributed monitoring systemsuit for Multiple
cabinet/single cabinet system
collect data from the corresponding part respectively, and
the monitor display and manage the data in the
centralized mode, and easily expand.
z Centralized monitoring systemonly for single

cabinet system
collects the system data directly, displays and manages
the data in the centralized mode, not easily expand.
Centralized Monitoring System
Centralized
Distributed Monitoring S
Monitoring ystem
System
RS485
AC Cabinet
PSM-A
RS485 RS485
DC Cabinet
Rectifier
Monitoring Unit of AC Distribution
Air
breaker Isolation Isolation RS-485
Input
alarm interface
contactor
Audio Buzzer
Lightning alarm
-arrester watch dog C control
fault interface
contactor Visible
P Indicator
alarm
AC virtual
input value
signal conversion U Display
AC failure DC contactor
relay for emergency
V/F Isolation lighting
output
Monitoring Unit of DC Distribution
Main voltage
Analog
Load current values Isolation
Fault Light/audio
V/F Isolation
Batt. current On-offs C diagnostics alarms output
Isolation RS-485 Display

Batt. fuse Difference Window P Monitoring
amplification comparison Isolation Isolation RS-485 module
Load fuse
watchdog
Data
Isolation U
acquisition
Temp.
isolation Drive
sensor
Monitoring Unit of the Rectifier
Full Zero LED
scale display
Watch
C dog
Voltage
Signal
processing Isolation Measurement
Current EPROM
interface P
Module
Address
Alarm U setting
Isolation Control
signal
interface
RS-485
ON-OFF Control
EC/FC control Isolation Manual
Current limiting Fault
control Isolation indication
Voltage
tuning Isolation
Buzzer
Diagram of the centralized monitoring module
Analog Multi- Displayer

value way VFC
collection switch
Key board
CPU
Switch Switch Communication
value value serial ports
collection detect
Rectifier
module control
Alarm output
Voltage Measurement
L o w D C v o lt a g e
AC/DC
AC input DC voltage
Transformer
DC Current Measurement
Shunt 075mv voltage signal
A
ACC Current Measurement
AC/DC
Sampling resistor DC voltage

Current
transformer
AC frequency Measurement
A
+ Frequency
- division Counting
C
B
Detection of the load fuse state
Vcc
Fuse
Load
B
-48V
Detection of the Battery Fuse State
VCC
Bus bar
A amplifier comparator
U1

Fuse
V0
U2
B
Battery
VEE
UAB=0, V0 is high; UAB 200mV and UAB200mV, V0 is low.
Content
Network Power Total Solution
Telecom Power Supply
Diesel Generator
UPS
TVSS
Communication
Machine Room
PPC Battery
PSMS
Precision Air Conditioner

Local Network Center
LAN
Superior Network Center
Network Power Total Solution
AC input Power load
AC Main
Power
Supply
DC
Switch
TVSS
ATS
battery
Air conditioner
UPS PPC
Diesel Generator
AC
Battery
LAN LAN
PSMS (Power and Environment Monitoring System
End
Thank You
Summary

02.fundmentals of Rectifiers Power System

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

02.fundmentals of Rectifiers Power System

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Fundamental of Power

z Communication, never interrupt !

z Power, never interrupt!

z 2. Manage the battery

z 2. Manage the battery-

z 1. Charge the battery quickly

z 2. Make the performance of each battery accordant ( equalized )

z Complement the charge loss for self-discharge

<= 0.1~0.15 C10

Rectifier (A) 20, 25 50 100

Linear power transistor linear small

Phase control SCR Phase control large

Switch mode MOS Switch mode large

=Vs-Vref= ; > Pulse wide; < Pulse wide

Output rectify and filter

PWM control Full bridge Rectifying diode

Driving transformer DC capacitor

Pulse signal meter reading

Input filtering & High frequency High frequency Output

C101 V12 Main circuit

D18 3 7 C44 C45 C9

Vref U8 Q12 U3 Q13

Low voltage difference automatic current sharing

-5%H nIn-Ii /N+5%H n

The higher the better.

Zero current swtichZCS

Patrol Modem Control Modem

Call back Modem

Monitoring module of Monitoring module of Monitoring module of

RS-485 RS-485 RS-485

AC distribution Rectifier module DC distribution

z Centralized monitoring systemonly for single

Isolation RS-485 Display

Analog Multi- Displayer

Shunt 075mv voltage signal

Sampling resistor DC voltage

Precision Air Conditioner

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen