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net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962

Volume-6, Issue-2, March-April 2016

International Journal of Engineering and Management Research
Page Number: 20-23

Alcohol Detection with Vehicle Controlling

Abhishek Gupta1, Shriram Ojha2, Vikash Kumar3, Vikrant Singh4, Vipin Malav5
1
Assistance Professor, Department of Electrical Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology, Management &
Gramothan, Ramnagariya, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA
2,3,4,5
Student, B. Tech-IV Year, Department of Electrical Engineering, Swami Keshvanand Institute of Technology,
Management & Gramothan, Ramnagariya, Jagatpura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA

ABSTRACT
This system is aimed at making vehicle driving safer than
before. The main purpose behind this project is Drunken
driving detection. Now days, many accidents are
happening because of the alcohol consumption of the driver
or the person who is driving the vehicle. Thus drunk
driving is a major reason of accidents in almost all
countries all over the world. We have propose the detection
of alcohol using alcohol detector connected to Printed
circuit board (PCB) such that when the level of alcohol
crosses a permissible limit, the vehicle ignition system will
turn off. Alcohol Detector in Car project is designed for the
safety of the people seating inside the car. Alcohol breath
analyzer project should be fitted / installed inside the
vehicle.

Keywords---- Alcohol detection system, Vehicle

controlling system, Accident prevention system, Drunk
driving detection, Printed circuit board.

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I. INTRODUCTION
India had earned the dubious distinction of
having more number of fatalities due to road accidents in
the world. Road safety is emerging as a major social
concern around the world especially in India. Drinking
and driving is already a serious public health problem,
which is likely to emerge as one of the most significant
problems in the near future [1]. The system implemented
by us aims at reducing the road accidents in the near
future due to drunken driving. The system detects the
presence of alcohol in the vehicle and immediately locks
the engine of the vehicle. Hence the system reduces the
quantum of road accidents and fatalities due to drunk
driving in future. This application is in the area of
embedded systems. An embedded system is some
combination of computer hardware and software, either
fixed in capability or programmable, that is specifically
designed for a particular function. Since the embedded
system is dedicated to specific tasks, design engineers
can optimize it reducing the size and cost of the product
and increasing the reliability and performance.
Embedded systems are controlled by one or more main
processing cores that are typically either a
microcontroller or a digital signal processor (DSP).
The entire system adopted the PCB
Microcontroller unit (based on AT89S52) the principle
of the hardware chart as shown in figure 1. The core
functions modules are Alcohol Sensor module (MQ-3),
Comparator, Microcontroller (AT89S52), 16x2 LCD
Display, DC Motor, transistor, voltage regulator and
relay.
A) PCB:
A printed circuit board (PCB) [2] mechanically
supports and electrically connects electronic components
using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched
from copper laminated onto a non-conductive substrate.
All the components are interfaced to the board and
programmed as per their functionality.
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B) ALCOHOL SENSOR MODULE:
It is used to sense the alcohol. The analog
output of which is applied to the comparator. The analog
gas sensor - MQ3 is suitable for detecting alcohol, this
sensor can be used in a Breathalyzer. It has a high
sensitivity to alcohol and small sensitivity to Benzene.
The sensitivity can be adjusted by the potentiometer.
Sensitive material of MQ-3 gas sensor is SnO2, which
with lower conductivity in clean air. When the target
alcohol gas exist, the sensors conductivity is higher
along with the gas concentration rising, use of simple
electro circuit, Convert change of conductivity to
correspond output signal of gas concentration MQ-3 gas
sensor [3] has high sensitivity to Alcohol, and has good
resistance to disturb of gasoline, smoke and vapor. The
sensor could be used to detect alcohol with different
concentration; it is with low cost and suitable for
different application.
1) Sensitivity Adjustment: Resistance value of MQ-3
is difference to various kinds and various concentration
gases. So, when using these components, sensitivity
adjustment is very necessary. It is recommended to
calibrate the detector for 0.4mg/L (approximately
200ppm) of alcohol concentration in air and use value of
load resistance that (RL) about 200 K (100K to 470
K).
When accurately measuring, the proper alarm point for
the gas detector has to be determined after considering
the temperature and humidity influence.
2) Character configuration:
Good sensitivity to alcohol gas
Simple drive circuit
Long life and low cost
High sensitivity to alcohol and small towards
benzene
3) Specifications:
Power supply needs: 5V
Interface type: Analog
Pin Definition: 1-Output 2-GND 3-VCC
High sensitivity to alcohol and small sensitivity
to Benzene
Fast response and High sensitivity
Stable and long life
Simple drive circuit with size: 40x20mm
C) COMPARATOR:
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The ADC0801, ADC0802, ADC0803,
ADC0804 and ADC0805 are CMOS 8-bit successive
approximation A/D converters [4] that use a differential
potentiometric ladder similar to the 256R products.
These converters are designed to allow operation with
the NSC800 and INS8080A derivative control bus with
TRI-STATE output latches directly driving the data
bus. These A/Ds appear like memory locations or I/O
ports to the microprocessor [5] and no interfacing logic is
needed. Differential analog voltage inputs allow
increasing the Common-mode rejection and offsetting
the analog zero input voltage value. In addition, the
voltage reference input can be adjusted to allow
encoding any smaller analog voltage span to the full 8
bits of resolution.
1) Features:
Compatible with 8080 P [6] derivatives no
interfacing
Logic needed - access time - 135 ns
Easy interface to all microprocessors, or
operatesStand alone
Works with 2.5V (LM358) voltage reference
On-chip clock generator
0V to 5V analog input voltage range with single
5V supply
No zero adjust required
D) MICROCONTROLLER (AT89S52):
The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-
performance CMOS 8-[7] bit microcontroller with bytes
of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is
manufactured using Atmels high-density non-volatile
memory technology and is compatible with the industry-
standard 80C51 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip
Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed
in-system or by a conventional non-volatile memory
programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with
in-system programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the
Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller which
provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to
many embedded control applications. The AT89S52 [8]
provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of
Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, Watchdog timer,
two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-
vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex
serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In
addition, the AT89S52 is designed with static logic for
operation down to zero frequency and supports two
software selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode
stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters,
serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning.
The Power-down mode saves the RAM contents but
freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip functions
until the next interrupt or hardware reset.
1) Features:
Compatible with MCS-51 Products [9]
8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP)
Flash Memory
4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
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Three-level Program Memory Lock
256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
32 Programmable I/O Lines
Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
Eight Interrupt Sources
Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes
Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
Watchdog Timer
Dual Data Pointer Power-off Flag
D) LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY:
1) Introduction: LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen
is an electronic display module and find a wide range of
applications. A 16x2 LCD display [10] is very basic
module and is very commonly used in various devices
and circuits. These modules are preferred over seven
segments and other multi segment LEDs. The reasons
being: LCDs are economical; easily programmable; have
no limitation of displaying special & even custom
characters (unlike in seven segments), animations and
so on. A 16x2 LCD means it can display 16 characters
per line and there are 2 such lines. In this LCD each
character is displayed in 5x7 pixel matrix. This LCD has
two registers, namely, Command and Data.
Fig.3 16x2 LCD
The command register stores the command
instructions given to the LCD. A command is an
instruction given to LCD to do a predefined task like
initializing it, clearing its screen, setting the cursor
position, controlling display etc. The data register stores
the data to be displayed on the LCD. The data is the
ASCII value of the character to be displayed on the
LCD.
1) Features:
5 x 8 dots with cursor
Built-in controller (KS 0066 or Equivalent)
+ 5V power supply (Also available for + 3V) 1/16 duty
cycle [11]
B/L to be driven by pin 1, pin 2 or pin 15, pin 16 or A.K
(LED)
N.V. optional for + 3V power supply
F) DC MOTOR:
This DC or direct current motor [12] works on
the principal, when a current carrying conductor is
placed in a magnetic field; it experiences a torque and
has a tendency to move. This is known as motoring
action. If the direction of current in the wire is reversed,
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the direction of rotation also reverses. When magnetic
field and electric field interact they produce a
mechanical force, and based on that the working
principle of dc motor established. The direction of
rotation of a this motor is given by Flemings left hand
rule, which states that if the index finger, middle finger
and thumb of your left hand are extended mutually
perpendicular to each other and if the index finger
represents the direction of magnetic field, middle finger
indicates the direction of current, then the thumb
represents the direction in which force is experienced by
the shaft of the dc motor.
Fig.4 DC Motor
III. SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM
Fig.5 Schematic Diagram of Alcohol Detection
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IV. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE
ENHANCEMENT
1) CONCLUSION
The project ALCOHOL DETECTOR WITH
VEHICLE CONTROLLING has been successfully
designed and tested. It has been developed by integrating
features of all the hardware components used. Presence
of every module has been reasoned out and placed
carefully thus contributing to the best working of the
unit. Secondly, using highly advanced ICs and with the
help of growing technology the project has been
successfully implemented. Microcontroller
communication industry is blossoming at a great pace.
As microcontroller communication systems evolve,
service quality and capacity are of primary importance.
To ensure reliable communication over a mobile radio
channel, a system must overcome multi path fading,
polarization mismatch, and interference. The trend
towards low power hand held transceivers increases all
of these challenges. Keeping all the above parameters in
view we have designed a low cost integrated system for
monitoring the different types of parameters between
two systems. Finally we conclude that Embedded
System is an emerging field and there is a huge scope
for research and development.
2) FUTURE ENHANCEMENT:
i) We can implement GSM technology to inform the
relatives or owners of the vehicle about the alcohol
consumption.
ii) We can implement GPS technology to find out the
location of the vehicle.
REFERENCES
[1] National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS), 2009 [cited
2009 June]; Available from: ftp://ftp.nhtsa.dot.gov/fars/.
[2] Standard Reference Designations for Electrical and
Electronics Parts and Equipments: IEEE 200-1975
(Reaffirmed 1988): Section 4.1.5.3 (2). IEEE and ANSI,
New York, NY.1975.
[3] Lee, Assessing the Feasibility of Vehicle Based
Sensors to Detect Alcohol Impairment. 2010, National
Highway Traffic Safety Administration: Washington,
DC.
[4] Microprocessor Architecture, Programming
Application - Ramesh S. Gaonkar
[5] Fundamentals of Microprocessors and
Microcomputers - B. Ram
[6] The 8051 Micro controller Architecture,
Programming & Applications -Kenneth J.Ayala
[7] www.national.com
[8] The 8051 Micro controller and Embedded Systems -
Muhammad Ali Mazidi -Janice Gillispie Mazidi
[9] www.datasheetcatlog.net/key/lcd
[10] www.electrical4u.com/dc-motor/