Timpurile verbale n Enlez

Present Tense Simple

I watch TV daily. (M uit la TV zilnic.)
o aciune pe care o fac n mod regulat;

repeated actions daily routine: I wake up at 7 every day.

repeated actions habits: I usually swim at the weekend.
likes and dislikes: I like horror movies.
general truths: Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
generalizations: People talk too much.
scheduled events: The plane takes off at 9.

Present Tense Continuous

I am watching a movie right now. (M uit la TV chiar acum.)
o aciune pe care o fac n momentul vorbirii

1. When the action is happening right now.

e.g.: I am reading a book on the beach.

2. When the action is happening at present, even if it takes more time.

e.g.: He is studying to become a doctor.

3. When we refer to plans for the close future.

e.g.: Clara is meeting Ruby tomorrow. (Read more)

4. When we refer to a repetitive and, most often, annoying action.

e.g.: He is always arriving late.

Past Tense Simple

I watched a great movie last night. (Am vzut un film grozav noaptea trecut.)
o aciune ncheiat n trecut

one action in the past: I watched TV yesterday.

a series of actions in the past: I woke up, then I had breakfast and read the newspaper.
historical facts: The Second World War started in 1939.
generalizations in the past: People watched less TV 10 years ago.
Past Tense Continuous
I was watching TV when you called. (M uitam la TV cnd ai sunat.)
o aciune ntrerupt din trecut

We use Past Continuous when we refer to interrupted actions in the past.

e.g.: He was talking to Jeremy when I took that photo.

He was talking to Jeremy the interrupted action (Past Continuous)

when I took that photo. the action that causes the interruption (Past Simple)

Use cases:

a past action interrupted by another past action:

He was talking to Jeremy when I took that photo.
a past action interrupted by a specific time:
They were watching a movie yesterday at 10 p.m.
parallel actions in the past:
The girls were preparing the meat while the boys were chopping sticks for the fire.
to describe the atmosphere in the past:
When I arrived at Ruby's place, Ruby was playing with the cats, Clara was making a cake and
Brian and Jeremy were discussingpolitics.

Present Perfect Tense Simple

I have just watched the news. Do you want me to tell you whats new? (Tocmai m-am uitat la tiri.
Vrei s i spun ce e nou?)
o aciune care tocmai s-a ncheiat

recent actions that have an impact on the present situation:

I have just eaten lunch. (So I am not hungry.)
uncompleted actions that should be completed soon:
(The negative form is used in this case.)
He has not finished his homework yet.
changes over time:
She has cut her hair (since the last time I saw her).
actions/situations that started in the past and continue in the present:
He has lived here for 10 years. (He still lives here.)
life experience:
I have been to Japan.
I have seen this movie three times (up to now / so far).
Past Perfect Tense Simple
I had watched that movie before Jane told me about it. (Vzusem acel film nainte ca Jane s mi
spun despre el.)
o aciune care s-a ncheiat nainte de un anumit moment din trecut

to refer to an action that happened before another action in the past:

Ruby had left when Brian arrived.
1. Ruby had left (before Brian arrived).
2. Brian arrived (at a moment in the past, after Ruby had left).
to form the Third Conditional, which we will learn at level Advanced.

Verb (infinitive) Past simple form Past participle

arise arose arisen

awake awoke awoken

bear bore borne

beat beat beaten

become became become

begin began begun

bend bent bent

beset beset beset

bet bet/betted bet

bid bid bid

bind bound bound

bite bit bitten

bleed bled bled

blow blew blown

break broke broken

breed bred bred

bring brought brought

broadcast broadcast broadcast

build built built

burn burnt/burned burnt/burned

burst burst burst

buy bought bought

Verb (infinitive) Past simple form Past participle

cast cast cast

catch caught caught

choose chose chosen

cling clung clung

come came come

cost cost cost

creep crept crept

cut cut cut

Verb (infinitive) Past simple form Past participle

deal dealt dealt

dig dug dug

dive dived/dove (AmE) dived

do did done

draw drew drawn

dream dreamt /dreamed dreamt /dreamed

drink drank drunk

drive drove driven

E

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

fit fit fit

flee fled fled

fling flung flung

fly flew flown

forbid forbade forbidden

forget forgot forgotten

forego /forgo forewent foregone

forgive forgave forgiven

forsake forsook forsaken

foretell foretold foretold

freeze froze frozen

English irregular verbs G R

Verb (infinitive) Past simple form Past participle

get got got (BrE) /gotten (AmE)

give gave given

go went gone

grind ground ground

grow grew grown

H

hang hung hung

hang hanged hanged

have had had

hear heard heard

hide hid hidden

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

keep kept kept

kneel knelt knelt

know knew known

Verb (infinitive) Past simple form Past participle

lay laid laid

lead led led

lean leant /leaned leant /leaned

leap leapt /leaped leapt /leaped

learn learnt /learned learnt /learned

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

lie lay lain

light lit /lighted lit /lighted

lose lost lost

M

make made made

mean meant meant

meet met met

misspell misspelt /misspelled misspelt /misspelled

mistake mistook mistaken

mow mowed mowed/mown

overcome overcame overcome

overdo overdid overdone

overtake overtook overtaken

overthrow overthrew overthrown

pay paid paid

plead pleaded/plead pleaded/plead

prove proved proved/proven

put put put

quit quit quit

read read read

rid rid rid

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

rise rose risen

run ran run

sand-cast sand-cast sand-cast

saw sawed sawed / sawn

say said said

see saw seen

seek sought sought

sell sold sold

send sent sent

set set set

sew sewed sewn / sewed

shake shook shaken

shave shaved shaved / shaven

shear sheared sheared / shorn

shed shed shed

shine shined / shone [?] shined / shone [?]

shit shit / shat / shitted shit/ shat / shitted

shoot shot shot

show showed shown / showed

shrink shrank / shrunk shrunk

shut shut shut

sight-read sight-read sight-read

sing sang sung

sink sank / sunk sunk

sit sat sat

slay (kill) slew / slayed slain / slayed

slay (amuse) REGULAR slayed slayed

sleep slept slept

slide slid slid

sling slung slung

slink slinked / slunk slinked / slunk

slit slit slit

smell smelled / smelt [?] smelled / smelt [?]

sneak sneaked / snuck sneaked / snuck

sow sowed sown / sowed

speak spoke spoken

speed sped / speeded sped / speeded

spell spelled / spelt [?] spelled / spelt [?]

spend spent spent

spill spilled / spilt [?] spilled / spilt [?]

spin spun spun

spit spit / spat spit / spat

split split split

spoil spoiled / spoilt [?] spoiled / spoilt [?]

spoon-feed spoon-fed spoon-fed

spread spread spread

spring sprang / sprung sprung

stand stood stood

steal stole stolen

stick stuck stuck

sting stung stung

stink stunk / stank stunk

strew strewed strewn / strewed

stride strode stridden

strike (delete) struck stricken

strike (hit) struck struck / stricken

string strung strung

 strive strove / strived striven / strived

sublet sublet sublet

sunburn sunburned / sunburnt [?] sunburned / sunburnt [?]

swear swore sworn

sweat sweat / sweated sweat / sweated

sweep swept swept

swell swelled swollen / swelled

swim swam swum

swing swung swung

T
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
telecast telecast telecast
tell told told
test-drive test-drove test-driven
test-fly test-flew test-flown
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
thrust thrust thrust
tread trod trodden / trod
typecast typecast typecast
typeset typeset typeset
typewrite typewrote typewritten
U
unbend unbent unbent
unbind unbound unbound
unclothe unclothed / unclad [?] unclothed / unclad [?]
underbid underbid underbid
undercut undercut undercut
underfeed underfed underfed
undergo underwent undergone
underlie underlay underlain
undersell undersold undersold
underspend underspent underspent
understand understood understood
undertake undertook undertaken
underwrite underwrote underwritten
undo undid undone
unfreeze unfroze unfrozen
unhang unhung unhung
unhide unhid unhidden
unknit unknitted / unknit unknitted / unknit
unlearn unlearned / unlearnt [?] unlearned / unlearnt [?]
unsew unsewed unsewn / unsewed
unsling unslung unslung
unspin unspun unspun
unstick unstuck unstuck
unstring unstrung unstrung
unweave unwove / unweaved unwoven / unweaved
unwind unwound unwound
uphold upheld upheld
upset upset upset
W
wake woke / waked woken / waked
waylay waylaid waylaid
wear wore worn
weave wove / weaved woven / weaved
wed wed / wedded wed / wedded
weep wept wept
wet wet / wetted [?] wet / wetted [?]
whet REGULAR whetted whetted
win won won
wind wound wound
withdraw withdrew withdrawn
withhold withheld withheld
withstand withstood withstood
wring wrung wrung
write wrote written