The spent acid from a nitrating process contains 33% sulfuric acid and 36% nitric acid and

31% water. This acid is strength

and concentrated nitric acid containing 75% HNO3. The strengthened mixed acid is to ocntain 40% H2SO4 and 43% HNO3
mixed together to yield 1500 kg of desired product.

C
95% Sulfuric Acid
5% Water

1500 kg Product
40% Sulfuric Acid
43% Nitric Acid

MIX
A 17% Water

33% Sulfuric Acid

36% Nitric Acid

ER
31% Water

75% Nitric Acid

25% Water

MATRIX

A B C P WEIGHT
0.31 0.25 0.05 255 48.78049
0.33 0 0.95 600 836.5854
0.36 0.75 0 645 614.6341
% water. This acid is strengthened by the addition of concentrated sulfuric acid containing 95% sulfuric acid
n 40% H2SO4 and 43% HNO3. Calculate the quantities of the spent and concentrated acids that should be

Overall Material Balance:

A+B+C=P
A + B + C = 1500

H20 Balance
A(0.31) + B(0.25) + C(0.05) = 1500(0.17)
Sulfuric Acid Balance
P A(0.33) + C(0.95) = 1500(0.40)
Nitric Acid Balance
A(0.36) + B(0.75) = 1500(0.43)
A feed of 1000 kg of soybeans is processed in a sequence of three stages or steps. The feed contains 35%wt% protein, 27.
In the first stage the beans are crushed and pressed to remove oil, giving an expressed oil stream and a stream of pressed
In the second step, the pressed beans are extracted with hexane to produce an extracted meal stream containing 0.5 wt%
the last step the extracted meal is dried to give a dried meal of 8 wt% moisture. Calculate:
a. kg of pressed beans from the first stage
b. kg of extracted meal from stage 2
c. kg of final dried meal and the wt% protein in the dried meal

F
1000kg soybeans

CRUS EXTRA
35% protein
27.1% carbohydrate
P1 P2
9.45% fiber and ash
10.5% moisture
18.0% oil HING
6%
oil CTION 0.5%
oil

oil (A) oil-hexane (B)

ANSWER
A P1 F P2 B P1 M
1 1 10000 1 1 8723.404 1
1 0.06 1800 0.005 1 523.4043 1

INVERSE INVERSE INVERSE

-0.06383 1.06383 10000 1.005025 -1.00503 8723.404 -0.08696
1.06383 -1.06383 1800 -0.00503 1.005025 523.4043 1.086957

A= 1276.596 kg P2= 8241.206 kg M=

P1= 8723.404 kg B= 482.1982 kg P=

wt% of protein= 44.77691 %

ntains 35%wt% protein, 27.1wt% carbohydrate, 9.45%wt% fiber and ash, 10.5wt% moisture, and 18.0wt% oil.
am and a stream of pressed beans containing 6% oil. Assume no loss of other constituents with the oil stream
stream containing 0.5 wt% of oil and hexane-oil stream. Assume no hexane in the extracted meak. Finally, in

OMB: F = A + B + M + P
Moisture bal: 0.105 F = M + 0.08 P
Oil bal: 0.18 F = A + B + xP

Crusher bal: F = A + P1
oil bal: 0.18 F = A + 0.06 P1

DRYI P
Extractor bal: P1 = B + P2
oil bal: 0.06 P1 = B + 0.005 P2

NG
8% moisture
OMB: F = A + B + M + P
10000= 1276.6 + 8241.21 + M + P
oil bal: 0.18 F = A + B + xP
0.18(10000) = 1276.6 + 8241.21 + xP
Moisture (M) protein bal: 0.35 F = xP

P F
1 8241.206
0.08 1050

INVERSE
1.086957 8241.206
-1.08696 1050

424.6777 kg
7816.528 kg
.08 P

P2

M+P
1 + xP
3
A mixture consisting of n-butane, isopentane, and n-pentane is to be
distilled. The following tabulation gives the the composition of the stream in
mole fraction:

Component Feed Distillate Bottoms

n-butane 0.23 X 0.129
isopentane 0.32 Y 0.3
n-pentane 0.45 0.024 Z

Per 100 moles of feed, find the amount of distillate and the bottom streams.
Complete the tabulation of the composition.

Per 100 moles of feed, find the amount of distillate and the bottom streams.
Complete the tabulation of the composition.

OMB: F=D+B B = 100 - D D

0.129B B
n-butane: 10.1 = XD - 0.129D

isopentane: 32 = YD + 0.3B 2 = YD - 0.3D

n-pentane: 45 = 0.24D + 0.571B (-12.1) = 0.24D - 0.571D

ANSWER
n-butane x 0.129
isopentane y 0.3
n-pentane z 0.571
 D
IS
100 moles TI
0.23 n-butane
0.32 isopentane
L
0.45 n-pentane
L
A
TI
36.556
63.444
O
N
C
O
L
U
M
N