03 Solutions 46060 5/7/10 8:45 AM Page 2

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32. Data taken from a stressstrain test for a ceramic are

S (ksi) P (in./in.)
given in the table. The curve is linear between the origin and
the first point. Plot the diagram, and determine the modulus 0 0
of elasticity and the modulus of resilience. 33.2 0.0006
45.5 0.0010
Modulus of Elasticity: From the stressstrain diagram 49.4 0.0014
51.5 0.0018
53.4 0.0022
33.2 - 0
E = = 55.3 A 103 B ksi Ans.
0.0006 - 0
Modulus of Resilience: The modulus of resilience is equal to the area under the
linear portion of the stressstrain diagram (shown shaded).

1 lb in. in # lb
ut = (33.2) A 103 B 2 0.0006 = 9.96 Ans.
2 in in. in3

33. Data taken from a stressstrain test for a ceramic are

given in the table. The curve is linear between the origin S (ksi) P (in./in.)
and the first point. Plot the diagram, and determine 0 0
approximately the modulus of toughness. The rupture stress 33.2 0.0006
is sr = 53.4 ksi. 45.5 0.0010
49.4 0.0014
51.5 0.0018
Modulus of Toughness: The modulus of toughness is equal to the area under the
53.4 0.0022
stressstrain diagram (shown shaded).

1 lb in.
(ut)approx = (33.2) A 103 B 2 (0.0004 + 0.0010)
2 in in.

lb in.
+ 45.5 A 103 B (0.0012)
in2 in.

1 lb in.
+ (7.90) A 103 B 2 (0.0012)
2 in in.

1 lb in.
+ (12.3) A 103 B 2 (0.0004)
2 in in.

in # lb
= 85.0 Ans.
in3

2
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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

*312. The stressstrain diagram for a steel alloy having an

original diameter of 0.5 in. and a gauge length of 2 in.
is given in the figure. Determine approximately the modulus
of resilience and the modulus of toughness for the material.

The Modulus of resilience is equal to the area under the stressstrain diagram up to
the proportional limit.

sPL = 60 ksi PPL = 0.002 in>in.

Thus,

1 1 in # lb
(ui)r = sPLPPL = C 60(103) D (0.002) = 60.0 Ans.
2 2 in3

The modulus of toughness is equal to the area under the entire stressstrain
diagram. This area can be approximated by counting the number of squares. The
total number is 38. Thus,

lb in in # lb
C (ui)t D approx = 38 c 15(103) 2
d a0.05 b = 28.5(103) Ans.
in in in3

s (ksi)

105
90
75
60
45
30
15
0 P (in./in.)
0 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
0 0.001 0.002 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.006 0.007

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exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.

318. A tension test was performed on an aluminum s (ksi)

2014-T6 alloy specimen. The resulting stressstrain
diagram is shown in the figure. Estimate (a) the modulus of 70
resilience; and (b) modulus of toughness.
60
03 Solutions 46060 5/7/10 8:45 AM Page 22
50
40
30
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20
exist. No portion of this material may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the publisher.
10

0 P (in./in.)
0.02 0.04 0.06y 0.08 0.10
330. The block is made of titanium Ti-6A1-4V and is 0.002 0.004 0.006 0.008 0.010
subjected to a compression of 0.06 in. along the y axis, and its
shape is given a tilt of u = 89.7. Determine Px, Py, and gxy.
stressstrain diagram up to the proportional limit. From the stressstrain diagram,
Normal Strain:spl = 44 ksi epl = 0.004 in.>in.
4 in. u
dLy - 0.06
Thus, ey = = = -0.0150 in.>in. Ans.
Ly 4
1 1 #
in lb x
A UiThe
Poissons Ratio: B r =lateral
s e = (44)(103)(0.004) = 88
and longitudinal strain can be related
Ans.
using Poissons ratio.
2 pl pl 2 in3 5 in.

e = -vey = - 0.36( -0.0150)

Modulus of Toughness:x The modulus of toughness is equal to the area under the
entire stressstrain diagram. This area can be approximated by counting the number
= 0.00540 in. >in. Ans.
of squares. The total number of squares is 65. Thus,
Shear Strain: lb in. in # lb
C A Ui B t D approx = 65 B 10(103) 2 R c 0.01 d = 6.50(103) 3 Ans.
b = 180 - 89.7 = in in.
90.3 = 1.576032 rad in
The stressstrain diagram for a bone is shown, and can be described by the equation
p p
gxy = - b = - 1.576032 = - 0.00524 rad Ans.
2 2

319. The stressstrain diagram for a bone is shown, and P
can be described by the equation P = 0.45110-62 s !
0.36110-122 s3, where s is in kPa. Determine the yield s
strength
331. Theassuming a 0.3% offset.diagram for a steel alloy is
shear stressstrain
P P/2
shown in the figure. If a bolt having a diameter of 0.75 in. P/2
is made of this material and used in the double lap joint,
determine the modulus of elasticity E and the force P
P " 0.45(10#6)s + 0.36(10#12)s3
t(ksi)
required to cause the material to yield. Take n = 0.3.
60 P P
The shear force developed on the shear planes of the bolt can be determined by
considering the equilibrium of -6
the FBD shown in Fig. a
e = 0.45(10 )s + 0.36(10-12)s3,
g(rad)
:
+ F = 0; P 0.00545
x = A 0.45(10
dP +) V+ -1.08(10
V -6 P = 0-12) s2VB ds
= =
2
ds 1
E = 2 = = 2.22 MPa Ans.
dP diagram, -6
From the shear stressstrain 0.45(10the )yield stress is ty = 60 ksi. Thus,
s=0
Vy P>2
ty = ; 60 =
A p
A 0.752 B
4

P = 53.01 kip = 53.0 kip Ans.

From the shear stressstrain diagram, the shear modulus is

60 ksi
G = = 11.01(103) ksi
0.00545

Thus, the modulus of elasticity is

15
E E
G = ; 11.01(103) =
2(1 + y) 2(1 + 0.3)

E = 28.6(103) ksi Ans.

03 Solutions 46060 5/7/10 8:45 AM Page 28

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341. The stone has a mass of 800 kg and center of gravity

P
at G. It rests on a pad at A and a roller at B. The pad is fixed 0.4 m G 0.3 m
to the ground and has a compressed height of 30 mm, a
width of 140 mm, and a length of 150 mm. If the coefficient
of static friction between the pad and the stone is ms = 0.8, B 1.25 m 1.5 m A
determine the approximate horizontal displacement of the
stone, caused by the shear strains in the pad, before the
stone begins to slip. Assume the normal force at A acts
1.5 m from G as shown. The pad is made from a material
having E = 4 MPa and n = 0.35.

Equations of Equilibrium:

a + MB = 0; FA(2.75) - 7848(1.25) - P(0.3) = 0 [1]

:
+ F = 0;
x P - F = 0 [2]

Note: The normal force at A does not act exactly at A. It has to shift due to friction.

Friction Equation:

F = ms FA = 0.8 FA [3]

Solving Eqs. [1], [2] and [3] yields:

FA = 3908.37 N F = P = 3126.69 N

Average Shear Stress: The pad is subjected to a shear force of V = F = 3126.69 N.

V 3126.69
t = = = 148.89 kPa
A (0.14)(0.15)

Modulus of Rigidity:

E 4
G = = = 1.481 MPa
2(1 + v) 2(1 + 0.35)

Shear Strain: Applying Hookes law for shear

t 148.89(103)
g = = = 0.1005 rad
G 1.481(106)

Thus,

dh = hg = 30(0.1005) = 3.02 mm Ans.

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