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 sarCevi

cxovrebis jansaRi wesi ................................ 1

es bukleti Seiqmna aSS saerTaSoriso fsiqoaqtiuri nivTierebebi

ganviTarebis saagentos mxardaWeriT da wamaldamokidebuleba ................................ 2
mimdinare saqarTveloSi aiv
prevenciis proeqtis farglebSi da Tambaqo ................................ 7
gankuTvnilia skolebis
ufrosklaselTaTvis. alkoholi ................................ 11
bukletSi ganxilulia Tambaqos,
alkoholisa da narkotikebis moxmare- marixuana ................................ 17
bis Sedegebi, mocemulia informacia
aiv infeqciisa da sqesobrivi gziT narkotikze uaris Tqma ................................ 21
gadamdebi sxva infeqciebis Sesaxeb.
es is sakiTxebia, romlebic ganixileba aiv infeqcia ................................ 23
biologiisa da sportis gakveTilebze
axalgazrdebSi cxovrebis jansaRi sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebi
wesis dasamkvidreblad. infeqciebi ............................... 29

adreuli qorwineba ................................ 35

adreuli orsuloba ................................ 39


Cveni bednierebis cxra meaTedi imazea
damokidebuli, Tu ramdenad jansaRia Cveni
cxovrebis wesi.
artur Sopenhaueri
yovel CvenTagans surs, rom bednieri iyos da
didxans icocxlos. mecnierTa azriT, adamians
Rrma siberemde gayveba zneobrivi, fsiqikuri da
fizikuri janmrTeloba, Tuki is cxovrebis jan-
saRi wesis 10 ZiriTad mcnebas Seasrulebs:
1. ecade, siamovnebiT akeTo Seni saqme;
2. ar mogeridos sakuTari azris
gamoTqma;
3. daicavi kvebis swori reJimi;
4. uari Tqvi Tambaqos, alkoholisa da
narkotikebis moxmarebaze;
5. nu daikleb Zils;
6. yvelas da yvelafers siyvaruliT
moepyari;
7. avarjiSe goneba;
8. nu ityvi uars fizikur Sromaze;
9. xSirad mieci sakuTar Tavs emoci-
uri ganmuxtvis saSualeba;
10. uari Tqvi iseT qcevaze, romelmac
SeiZleba safrTxe Seuqmnas Sens
janmrTelobas.
1 gareSe) da aqvs unari, gamoiwvios miCveva.
narkotikebs moixmaren imisaTvis, rom k
gaeqcnen realobas; magram gaugebaria, ratom g
gavurbivarT realobas, roca is aseTi k
mdidari da mravalferovania? m
jeraldina Caplini b
b
realobisagan gaqcevis sur- m
d
vili yvela CvenTaganisaTvis
nacnobia, magram xSirad ar
vfiqrobT imaze, rom, SesaZloa,
es survili problemad iqces.
adamianebs, romlebsac uWirT
garemosTan an sirTuleebTan
Segueba, SiSi euflebaT arsebu-
li sinamdvilis winaSe. swored
es SiSi badebs sxva realobaSi gaqcevis survils.
realobisagan gaqcevis yvelaze gavrcelebul sa-
b
Sualebebs fsiqoaqtiuri nivTierebebi warmoadgens.
S
fsiqoaqtiuri saSualebebi moqmedebs adamianis
u
cnobierebaze, grZnobebsa da aRqmaze. fsiqoaqtivo-
T
ba gamoixateba centralur nervul sistemaze niv-
a
Tierebis gasakuTrebuli zemoqmedebiT _ mastimuli-
b
rebeli, amgznebi, damamSvidebeli, Zilis momgvreli, l
halucinaciebis gamomwvevi da sxva efeqtebiT. u
narkotikis qveS ki igulisxmeba fsiqoaq- d
tiuri nivTiereba, romelic fsiqikaze misi
gansakuTrebuli efeqtebis gamo, gamoiyeneba
arasamedicino mizniT (eqimis daniSnulebis
2
kanoni ganasxvavebs e.w. legalur da arale-
galur narkotikebs. aralegaluri narkoti-
ki aris fsiqoaqtiuri nivTiereba, romlis SeZena,
moxmareba, Senaxva da gavrceleba kanoniT isje-
ba. yvelasTvis kargad nacnobi alkoholi, Tam-
baqo, kofeinis Semcveli sasmelebi da zogierTi
medikamentic narkotikebia, magram kanoniT neba-
darTul, legalur narkotikebs miekuTvneba.
visac SeumCnevia, rom narko-
tikebis saSualebiT, anu Ri-
lakze TiTis daWeriT cudi
emociebi qreba, igi am sa-
SualebiT TandaTan Trgu-
navs sakuTari fizikuri
da sulieri regulaciis
bunebriv process. fsiqoaqtiuri nivTierebebis sa-
SualebiT problemis qimiuri gandevna bevrad
ufro swrafi da ioli gza gaxlavT, vidre saku-
Tar Tavze muSaoba. rac ufro xSirad ganicdis
adamiani Rilakze TiTis daWeriT xanmokle Sve-
bas, miT ufro izrdeba aseTi saSualebebis mimarT
ltolva. iqmneba avtomatizmi, romelic yoveli
ugunebobis momentSi iwyebs funqcionirebas.
droTa ganmavlobaSi warmoudgeneli xdeba am
daxmarebis gareSe sulieri simSvidis mopoveba,
TandaTan ingreva ukan dasaxevi gza da ikvreba
mankieri wre...
3 4
rodesac raime nivTiereba an qceva adamianis
cxovrebaSi gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas iZens,
adamiani kargavs Tavisuflebas da damokide-
buli xdeba siamovnebis momtan saSualebaze.
paTologiuri damokidebule-
ba aris realobisagan gaqce-
vis saSualebebze mudmivi
fiqris mdgomareoba, rasac
adamianis droisa da energi-
is udidesi nawili miaqvs.
paTologiuri damokidebulebis erT-erT gamoxa-
tulebas wamaldamokidebuleba warmoadgens.
wamaldamokidebuleba (narkomania da alkoholizmi)
fsiqikuri damokidebulebiT iwyeba. narkotikis miRe-
bis Sedegad viTardeba narkotikuli Trobis mdgo-
mareoba, romelic garkveul siamovnebasTan aris
dakavSirebuli. siamovnebis miRebis survili ubi-
Zgebs adamians narkotikis ganmeorebiT miRebisaken.
TandaTan Zlierdeba ltolva narkotikisadmi,
narkotikis gareSe adamiani mowyenili an gaRi-
zianebulia, naklebad mniSvnelovani xdeba sxva
interesebi. es fsiqikuri damokidebulebis
Camoyalibebaze metyvelebs.
rac ar unda mimzidveli iyos adamianis fsiqiki-
saTvis narkotiki, organizmi masze, rogorc Sxamze,
ise reagirebs da axdens damcvelobiTi sisteme-
bis mobilizebas. Sedegad, am Sxamis daSla or-
ganizmSi TandaTan ufro swrafad xdeba, amitom,
sasurveli fsiqologiuri efeqtis misaRebad,
narkotikebis mudmivad mzardi dozebia saWiro.
fsiqikuri damokidebulebis mqone adamiani iwyebs
narkotikebis regularul miRebas xan siamovne-
bisTvis, xan ki cxovrebiseuli problemebiT
gamowveuli ugunebobisgan Tavis dasaRwevad da
garkveuli periodis Semdeg aRmoaCens, rom Tu
narkotiki ar miiRo, awuxebs saxsrebisa da kun-
Tebis tkivili, Semcivneba, oflianoba da sxva
Semawuxebeli movlenebi, romlebic narkotikis
miRebisTanave qreba. es imas niSnavs, rom adamians
Camouyalibda fizikuri damokidebuleba narko-
tikze. organizmi egueba ucxo nivTierebas da
misi moxmareba grZeldeba ara imdenad siamovne-
bis misaRebad, aramed, Zlieri fizikuri diskom-
fortis (e.w. lomkis) Tavidan acilebis mizniT.
raime saSualebaze damokidebuli nebismieri
pirovneba safrTxes uqmnis sakuTar suli-
er da fizikur janmrTelobas. aseT damo-
kidebulebas uvargisi medikamentiT TviT-
mkurnalobis cdis saxe aqvs. es niSnavs
5 Rilakze TiTis daWeriT problemis gadaWras.
magram rac ufro metad cdilobs adamiani saku-
Tari problemebis mxolod dafarvas an gandevnas,
saboloo jamSi, miT ufro mZime mdgomareobaSi
aRmoCndeba is.
narkotikebis moxmarebis garTulebebi:
* yvela narkotiki, miuxedavad imisa, ra gziT
xvdeba organizmSi, seriozul zians ayenebs ada-
mianis janmrTelobas, azianebs Tavis tvins da
mTel nervul sistemas, imunur sistemas, guls,
RviZls, filtvebs.
* narkotikebis ineqciuri moxmareba katastrofu-
lad zrdis virusuli hepatitiT (B,C) da aiv-iT
dainficirebis albaTobas.
* narkotikebis momxmareblebi, daqveiTebuli imu-
nitetis gamo, xSirad avaddebian tuberkuloziT.
* alkoholisa da narkotikis moxmarebis
Sedegad izrdeba ubeduri SemTxvevebis albaTo-
ba, imatebs agresiuloba da TavSeukavebloba;
* yvelaze xSirad narkotikebis momxmareblis
sicocxles safrTxes uqmnis zedozireba, anu
narkotikis didi doziT gamowveuli mwvave
mowamvla.
* narkotikis moxmarebis Sedegad adamiani
kargavs jer Tavisuflebas, Semdeg
janmrTelobas, dabolos - sicocxles.
6

sigareti, misi sworad gamoyenebis
SemTxvevaSi, klavs.
Tambaqos sawinaaRmdego kampania, aSS
rodesac adamiani pirve-
lad iRebs xelSi si-
garets, ar fiqrobs im
mZime Sedegebze, romlebsac
moweva iwvevs, miT umetes,
rom sistematiuri mowevis
savalalo Sedegebi mogvi-
anebiT iCens Tavs. yoveli
mweveli, romelic dReSi
1 kolof sigarets eweva,
nebayoflobiT imoklebs sicocxles 5 wliT,
yoveli moweuli sigareti mas sicocxlis 5,5 wuTi
ujdeba. mwevelebs Soris sikvdilobis maCvenebeli
orjer ufro maRalia aramwevelebTan SedarebiT.
Tambaqos bolSi 4000-mde nivTiereba Sedis, xolo
miCvevas maTgan mxolod erTi nikotini iwvevs.
swored nikotinis moTxovnileba aiZulebs adami-
ans, kvlav da kvlav SeisunTqos Tambaqos boli.
dasawyisSi,nikotini iwvevs centraluri nervu-
li sistemis stimulirebas da mweveli grZnobs
energiis mozRvavebas, xdeba ufro aqtiuri.
7 8
damokidebulebis Camoyalibebis Semdeg,
mowevis Sewyveta iwvevs guneb-ganwyobis
daqveiTebas, SfoTvas, koncentraciis unaris
daqveiTebas. TandaTan mwevelis organizmi veRar
kmayofildeba nikotinis uwindeli dozebiT, Se-
sabamisad, izrdeba moweuli sigaretebis raode-
noba da mcirdeba intervali mowevebs Soris.
Tambaqos bolSi Semavali niv-
Tierebebidan yvelaze toqsiku-
ria: naxSirJangi, kancerogenuli
(kibos gamomwvevi) fisebi, radio-
aqtiuri nivTierebebi, azotis Se-
naerTebi, mZime liTonebi (ver-
cxliswyali, kadmiumi, kobalti,
nikeli) da sxv. erTi sigaretis
moweva manqanebiT gadatvirTul
avtomagistralze 36 saaTis gan-
mavlobaSi yofnis tolfasia.
sayovelTaod cnobilia, rom Tambaqos moweva
iwvevs sisxlZarRvovan cvlilebebs. nikotini
zrdis miokardiumis infarqtisa da Tavis tvinSi
sisxlis mimoqcevis darRvevis risks. nikotinis
mcire doza iwvevs arteriuli sisxlis wnevis
momatebas, xolo didi doza _ gulsisxlZarRvTa
sistemis muSaobis daTrgunvas. swored amiT
aixsneba nikotiniT mwvave mowamvlis dros
arteriuli wnevis mkveTri davardna, rac
iwvevs Tavbrusxvevas, gonebis dakargvas da,
mZime SemTxvevebSi, sikvdils.
mwevelebSi momatebulia sasunTqi gzebis daavadebebi _
qronikuli bronqiti, bronquli asTma, filtvis kibo. mwevelebi: Tuki adamiani
Tambaqos wevis Sedegad avTvisebiani simsivne SeiZleba Sewyvets mowevas:
ganviTardes, agreTve, piris RruSi, xorxSi, saylapav milSi,
TirkmelSi, Sardis buStSi.
maTi sicocxlis xangr- ukanaskneli sigaretis
Zlivoba 15 wliT nak- mowevidan 20 wuTSi nor-
nikotini aZlierebs kuWis malizdeba arteriuli
lebia aramwevelebTn
wvenis gamoyofas, mkveTrad wneva, umjobesdeba kidu-
SedarebiT
imatebs kuWisa da nawlave- rebis sisxlmomarageba
bis anTebis ganviTarebis
maT 8-jer ufro 8 saaTis Semdeg nor-
riski. Tambaqos kvamlis Se-
xSirad emarTebaT mi- mas ubrundeba sisxlSi
sunTqvisas ziandeba kbilis
okardiumis infarqti Jangbadis Semcveloba
minanqari, rac iwvevs kariesis
gaCenas, kbilebi yviTldeba,
xSirad viTardeba stomatiti. 2-jer ufro xSirad 2 dRis Semdeg
orsulobis periodSi Tam- emarTebaT kuWis umjobesdeba ynosva da
baqos moweva aferxebs wyluli gemovneba
nayofis sisxliT momarage-
bas da Jangbadis miwodebas, 1 kviris Semdeg qreba
3-4-jer ufro xSirad
azianebs nayofis gulsa da usiamovno suni kanidan,
kvdebian uecrad
Tavis tvins, zrdis TviTneburi Tmebidan da piridan
abortis, mkvdrad Sobadobisa
da naadrevi mSobiarobis risks.
11-jer ufro xSirad 1 Tvis mere
bevri aramweveli ganicdis Tambaqos bolis zemoqmede- emarTebaT filtvis umjobesdeba sunTqva,
bas, radgan isunTqavs mas saxlSi, samsaxurSi, sazoga- kibo qreba xvela
doebrivi TavSeyris adgilebSi, yvelgan, sadac arian
mwevelebi. radgan es procesi ar aris damokidebuli ada- RamiT bevrad ufro 1 wlis Semdeg gulis
mianis survilze, mas SeiZleba vuwodoT pasiuri moweva. cudad xedaven daavadebis riski mniS-
vnelovnad mcirdeba
adamians, romelic sunTqavs Tambaqos boliT dabi-
nZurebul haers, pasiuri mweveli ewodeba. pasiuri 5 wlis Semdeg mkve-
moweva gansakuTrebul safrTxes uqmnis bavSvebs da uqveiTdebaT smena Trad mcirdeba
mozardebs; adamianebs, romelTac aqvT filtvebis, filtvis kibos ganvi-
gulis Tu sxva organoebis seriozuli daavadebebi. Tarebis albaToba
9 10

alkohols ar SeuZlia Tqveni problemebis
mogvareba, magram Tavisuflad SeuZlia, Tqve-
ni mTavari problema gaxdes.
ucnobi avtori
dRes bevrs weren imaze, rom erTi-ori Wiqa Rvi-
no ara marto karg gunebaze dagvayenebs, aramed
dadebiTad imoqmedebs Cvens janmrTelobze. meore
mxriv, 1975 wels janmrTelobis msoflio orga-
nizaciam daadgina: alkoholi CaiTvalos narko-
tikul Sxamad. ras warmoadgens sinamdvileSi al-
koholuri sasmeli RmerTebis sasmels, rogorc
Zveli berZnebi Tvlidnen, Tu mavne nivTierebas?
alkoholi, anu eTilis spirti
adamianis organizmze
sxvadasxvagvar zemoqmedebas
axdens: eiforiuls, toqsikurs da
narkotikuls. eiforiuli efeqti
siamovnebas da modunebas iwvevs,
toqsikuri zemoqmedeba mwvave da
qronikuli mowamvliT gamoi-
xateba, xolo narkotikuli
zemoqmedebis Sedegad viTardeba
alkoholze damokidebuleba, anu
alkoholizmi.
11
alkoholi wyalSi zavdeba nebismieri Tanafar-
dobiT. sxvadasxva alkoholuri sasmeli eTi-
lis spiritis gansxvavebul raodenobas Seicavs:
ludi _ 2-6%, Rvino _ 9-20%, liqiori _ 20-40%,
arayi _ 40-56%, viski da jini _ 40-55%, romi _
70-77%. alkoholis Tanabar raodenobas Seicavs
1 kaTxa ludi, 1 Wiqa Rvino da 1 sirCa arayi.
organizmSi moxvedrili alkoholi swrafad Sei-
woveba kuWidan da wvrili nawlavidan da gadadis
sisxlSi. Trobis xarisxi, anu centralur nervul
sistemaze alkoholis zemoqmedeba damokidebulia
imaze, Tu ra koncentraciiT Seicavs sisxli alko-
hols. Sesabamisad, gansxvavebulia Trobis suraTi.
alkoholuri Trobis dinamika:
I faza ibRinZeba, moZraobs
narnarad
II faza iwyebs xumrobas da
laqucs
III faza amayi, sakuTar ZalebSi
darwmunebuli
IV faza wevs lafSi
12
alkoholis toqsikuri doziT miReba (zedozire- yoveli daTrobis dros tvi-
ba) xSirad cnobierebis daTrgunvis mizezi xde- ni mniSvnelovnad ziandeba,
ba. umravles SemTxvevebSi, es mdgomareoba gansa- magram Tu es iSviaTad xdeba,
kuTrebul samedicino Carevas ar moiTxovs da tvini,metnaklebad,umklavde-
cnobiereba, garkveuli periodis Semdeg, TavisiT ba am problemas. alkoho-
aRdgeba. magram zedozirebis dros SeiZleba ganvi- lis regularulad miRe-
Tardes koma, romelic, Sesabamisi samedicino dax- bis SemTxvevaSi ki, TandaTan
marebis gareSe, SeiZleba, sikvdiliT damTavrdes.. uaresdeba tvinis funqcio-
nireba _ qveiTdeba mexsiereba,
azrovneba da bolos, mTavrdeba Wkuasusto-
biT, rasac alkoholuri demencia ewodeba.

yvelaze didi dat-

virTva alkoholis
miRebis dros RviZls
adgeba. gamokvleve-
biT dadgenilia, rom
alkoholis didi raodenobiT miRebas alkoholis Tundac
xSirad Tan sdevs Rebineba. Rebineba orga- erTjeradi, zomieri
nizmis TavdacviTi reaqciaa, magram, SeiZle- raodenobiT miRebis
ba, pirnaRebi masebis sasunTq gzebSi moxve- SemTxvevaSic ki, erTi
dra gaxdes sikvdilis mizezi. amis Tavidan kviraa saWiro imisaTvis,
asacileblad, aucilebelia, gverdiT myo- rom RviZli Tavis normalur mdgomareobas
febma gaakontrolon, rom Zlieri simTvra- daubrundes. rodesac sisxlSi mudmivad aris
lis dros adamians gverdze dawolils alkoholi, RviZls gansakuTrebul reJimSi
eZinos da araviTar SemTxvevaSi _ piraRma. uwevs muSaoba, TandaTan viTardeba anTebiTi
procesi da RviZlis qsovilis gadagvareba.

13 14
miRebuli dozis miuxedavad, alkoholi aqveiTebs mozardebisaTvis alkoho-
fizikur da fsiqikur SesaZleblobebs _ mxed- li gansakuTrebiT sazianoa.
velobis simaxviles, yuradRebas, moZraobis koor- maTi sxeulis wona naklebia,
dinacias, cvlis gemovnebiT, ynosviT da smeniT ufro male Tvrebian da maTi
SegrZnebebs, iwvevs Tavbrusxvevas, anelebs reaqci- organizmi da tvini ufro
is siswrafes; aqveiTebs sakuTari SesaZleblobe- advilad ziandeba. erTi
bis kritikuli Sefasebis, axali informaciis ga- alkoholuri mowamvlac ki,
damuSavebisa da swori gadawyvetilebis swrafad SeiZleba sasikvdilo aR-
miRebis unars. zemoTCamoTvlili darRvevebi Sei- moCndes, an gamoiwvios Ta-
Zleba sabediswero aRmoCndes manqanis marTvisas vis tvinis mZime dazianeba
arafxizel mdgomareobaSi. am dros Cndeba e.w.
gvirabis efeqti _ mZRoli mkafiod ver aRiq-
vams, ra xdeba marjvniv da marcxniv. Tumca, TviTon
eqmneba iluzia, rom manqanas mSvenivrad marTavs,
ukeTesad, vidre Cveulebriv, kargavs sifrTxiles
da SeiZleba gaumarTlebel riskzec wavides.

alkoholis zemoqmedebiT alkoholis momxmarebeli

gamowveulma siTamamem, gau-
frTxileblobam, TviTkon-
trolis daqveiTebam SeiZleba
adamians sapirispiro sqesTan
urTierTobaSic daaSvebi-
nos seriozuli Secdomebi.
es SeiZleba iyos naadrevi an SemTxvevi-
Ti sqesobrivi kontaqtebi, rac, moraluri
problemebis garda, SeiZleba arasasur-
veli orsulobis da sqesobrivi gziT ga-
15 damdebi daavadebebis mizezi gaxdes.
mozardi advilad iRleba,
uWirs axali informaciis sworad aRqma,
damaxsovreba, analizi, azrovneba. mozardeb-
Si alkoholisadmi miCveva ufro advilad vi-
Tardeba, vidre ufrosebSi. rac ufro adre
iwyebs mozardi alkoholis miRebas, miT ufro
swrafad xdeba igi alkoholze damokidebuli.
16
vcvli marixuanas marsidan ukan dasa-
brunebel bileTze
marixunas momxmarebeli
marixuana niSnavs momwamvlels da pirdapir
miuTiTebs mosalodnel Sedegebze. marixuanas bo-
lis Semadgenloba sakmarisad Seswavlili ar aris.
mas aqvs specifikuri (damwvari Tokis) suni da
masSi Semavali narkotikulad moqmedi nivTiereba
tetrahidrokanabinolis (thk) saxeliT aris cnobili.
marixuanas mowevis
Sedegad wiTldeba sklerebi,
farTovdeba sisxlZarRvebi,
qveiTdeba arteriuli wneva,
SeiniSneba gulis cemisa da
sunTqvis aCqareba,
mowevis dros, Cveulebriv, iwyeba xvela, iTrgune-
ba RviZlis fermentebis aqtivoba, rasac Sedegad
mosdevs RviZlis funqciis daqveiTeba.
17
preparatis moqmedeba iwye-
ba mowevidan ramodenime
wuTis Semdeg lorwovani
garsebis gaSrobiT, Zlieri
wyurvilisa da SimSilis
SegrZnebiT, SeiZleba iyos
yurebSi Suili, Tavbru-
xveva, Tavis tkivili,
sicxis an sicivis SegrZneba.
Cveulebriv, Tumca ara yovelTvis, viTardeba ei-
foria, aramotivirebuli sicili, irRveva sagnebis
zomebisa da maT Soris manZilis aRqma; irRveva
yuradRebis koncentracia da mexsiereba wina-
dadebis dasawyisi mis damTavrebamde aviwydebaT;
zogjer SeiniSneba SiSnarevi eWvneuloba, panika.
marixuanas regularuli miRe-
bis Sedegad viTardeba bodvi-
Ti azrovnebisaken midrekile-
ba. didi dozebiT sistematurma
moxmarebam SeiZleba gamoi-
wvios qronikuli fsiqozi
bodva, iluziebi, halucina-
ciebi, panika, agresiuloba.
18
thk grovdeba cximovan ujredebSi da organoebSi
Tavis tvinSi,saTesle jirkvlebsa da sakvercxeebSi, marixuanas moxmarebis gadavadebuli
efeqtebi:
elenTaSi, RviZlsa da
TirkmlebSi. es ki imas
niSnavs, rom narkotikis
moxmarebis Sewyvetis Sem-
> imunitetis daqveiTeba
degac misi zemoqmedeba
> simaRleSi zrdis SeCereba
xangrZlivi drois gan-
> mamakacis sasqeso hormonebis
mavlobaSi grZeldeba.
Semcvelobis Semcireba
> seqsualuri potenciis daqveiTeba
> filtvis qsovilis dazianeba
> axali informaciis aTvisebis unaris
daqveiTeba/dakargva
> pirovnuli Tvisebebis Secvla
marixuanas moweva bevrad ufro Zlierad azianebs > garemos aRqmis gaukuRmarTeba
sasunTq sistemas, vidre Tambaqosi. > mexsierebis daqveiTeba
bevrad ufro maRalia > Tavis tvinis Seuqcevadi dazianeba
filtvis kibos ganvi- (Wkuasustoba)
Tarebis riskic. Tavisi
damazianebeli efeqtebiT,
1 ulufa marixuana 5 Reri
sigaretis tolfasia.

19 20
ubralod, Tqvi: ara!
nensi reigani SesaZloa, Tqven SemogTavazon narkotiki.
ubralod, TqviT: ara!
uaris Tqma sxvadasxva formiT SeiZleba:

1. TqviT: ara! da daasaxeleT mizezi:

SesaZloa, Tqven SemogTavazon narkotiki. SesaZ-
didi madloba SemoTavazebisTvis,
loa, giTxran, rom narkotikis zemoqmedebiT Tavs
magram amis gakeTeba ar SemiZlia/ar
kargad igrZnobT, gagiadvildebaT urTierToba,
minda.
da rom mxolod erTxel araviTar zians ar
2. mieciT sakuTar Tavs dro: movifiqreb
moitans. rogor moiqceviT? arCevani Tqvenzea!
da xval getyvi Cems gadawyvetilebas
Tqvens gadawyvetilebazea damokidebuli Tqveni
3. SeinarCuneT simtkice. TqviT pirdapir:
momavali cxovreba.
gmadlobT, ar minda sigareti
(narkotiki, sasmeli). me minda...
4. Tqven sruliad ara xarT valdebuli,
auxsnaT sxvebs uaris Tqmis mizezi.
ubralod, TqviT: ara! da morCa!
5. uari TqviT ise, rom irgvlivmyofebisaT-
vis naTeli iyos Tqveni gadawyvetilebis
Tu arCevans narkotikis
simtkice.
sasargeblod gaakeTebT, is,
6. SeaqeT an daajildoveT sakuTari Tavi
adre Tu gvian, aucileblad
miRweuli warmatebisaTvis.
daangrevs Tqvens
janmrTelobas,
dagakargvinebT axlobel
adamianebs, mogispobT
21 momavlis perspeqtivas. 22
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom aiv epidemia klasi-
kuri autogolia, romelic kacobriobam sa-
kuTar Tavs gautana
irlandiis princesa ana
aiv epidemia gamoucxadebeli omiviT
moulodnelad daatyda Tavs ka-
cobriobas, agrZelebs Sete-
vas da TandaTan i pyrobs axal
saxelmwifoebsa da kontinentebs.
adamianis imunodeficitis virusi (aivi) - es aris
virusi, romelic adamianidan adamians garkveu-
li gziT gadaecema da iwvevs adamianis imunuri
sistemis darRvevas an saerTod dangrevas, anu
imunodeficits. imunuri sistema uzrunvelyofs
adamianis organizmis dacvas ucxo agentebisagan
virusebisa da baqteriebisagan; deficiti aris SeZenili imitom, rom es aris araTandayoli-
raimes nakleboba. aivi Zalian mcire zomis mikro-
organizmia da misi danaxva mxolod eleqtronul
mikroskopSia SesaZlebeli.
23
aiv infeqcia - es daavadebaa,
romelic adamianis
organizmSi aiv-is SeWris
Sedegad viTardeba, mimdinare-
obs usimptomod da SeiZleba
gagrZeldes mravali wlis
ganmavlobaSi.
aiv infeqciis saboloo stadia aris Sidsi .
Sidsi es aris abreviatura, romelic
Semdegnairad iSifreba:
SeZenili
imunodeficitis
sindromi.
imunodeficiti organizmis mdgomareoba,
rodesac imunuri sistema imdenad dangreulia,
rom nebismier, Tundac umniSvnelo daavadebasTan
gamklavebas veRar axerxebs;
li, cxovrebis ganmavlobaSi SeZenili daavadeba;
sindromi aris garkveuli avadmyofuri mdgo-
mareobisTvis damaxasiaTebeli niSnebisa da
simptomebis erToblioba.
24
 stadia, romelsac Sidsi ewodeba, dgeba maSin, roca
aivs gamravleba mxolod adamianis organiz-
imunur sistemas aRar gaaCnia iseT daavadebebTan
mSi SeuZlia, garemoSi is sakmaod male iRu-
brZolis unari, romlebic adre organizmisaTvis
peba, mgrZnobiarea maRali temperaturis mi-
saSiSroebas ar warmoadgendnen. am etapze adamians
marT. adamianis organizmSi moxvedris Semdeg,
imunuri sistema sabolood uziandeba da uviTarde-
imunodeficitis virusi iwyebs gamravlebas da
ba sxvadasxva infeqciebi, daavadebebi, avTvisebi-
saSen masalad iyenebs imunuri sistemis Semad-
ani simsivneebi, nervuli sistemis dazianeba da a.S.
genlobaSi Semaval ujredebs limfocitebs da
nel-nela anadgurebs maT, rasac Sedegad imu-
nuri sistemis TandaTanobiTi dazianeba moyveba. amgvarad, aivi da Sidsi erTi da igive ar aris.
aivi aris virusi, romelic iwvevs imunuri sistemis
daTrgunvas, xolo Sidsi janmrTelobis prob-
lemebisa da daavadebebis kompleqsia, romlebic
daqveiTebuli imunitetis fonze aRmocendeba.
aivi Cveulebrivi virusi ar aris, radgan ada-
miani SeiZleba inficirebuli iyos wlebis
aivi vrceldeba mxolod adamianidan adamianze. in-
manZilze da ar icodes amis Sesaxeb. aiv in-
feqciis wyaro SeiZleba iyos inficirebuli ada-
feqciis stadiaze inficirebuli adamiani
miani daavadebis nebismier stadiaze, e.i. klinikuri
Cveulebrivad gamoiyureba da Tavsac kargad
simptomebis ararsebobis drosac. gamokvleve-
grZnobs, magram SeuZlia, gadasdos infeqcia
biT dadgenilia, rom aivi adamianis organizmis
sxvebs. aris Tu ara adamiani inficirebuli
sxvadasxva biologiur siTxeSi sxvadasxva raode-
aiviT, dgindeba mxolod specialuri labora-
nobiT aris warmodgenili. im koncentraciiT,
toriuli gamokvlevis adamianis imunodefici-
romelic sakmarisia inficirebisTvis, aivi aris
tis virusze sisxlis testirebis saSualebiT.
sisxlSi, spermaSi, saSos gamonadenSi, dedis rZeSi.

25 26
a aivi adamianis organizmSi mxolod aiv infeqcia sayofacxovrebo kontaqte-
n sami gziT xvdeba: biT ar gadadis. SeuZlebelia,
s
s
dainficirde sacurao auziT, abazaniT,
- > aiv-inficirebul adamianTan daucveli sqeso- sapirfareSoTi sargeblobis Sedegad,
- brivi kontaqtis dros (sqesobrivi partniorebis aiv-inficirebulis napirali sakvebiT
. xSiri cvla dainficirebis risks zrdis; sqeso- an WurWliT, masTan misalmebiTa da
brivi gziT gadamdebi infeqciebis arseboba xel- CaxutebiT. igi ar gadaecema
sayrel pirobebs qmnis aivis gavrcelebisTvis); cxovelebiT da mwerebiT.
.
s
-
> aiv-inficirebuli adamianis sisxlis moxvedris aiviT inficirebisgan aravin dazRveuli ar aris,
c
gziT janmrTeli adamianis organizmSi (es SeiZle- miuxedavad asakisa, sqesisa, sacxovrebeli adgili-
.
ba moxdes aiv-inficirebuli donorebis sisxlis sa da religiuri mrwamsisa. TiToeuli CvenTagani
gadasxmiT; arasteriluri samedicino xelsawyoe- valdebulia, icodes, rogor daicvas sakuTari
- bis, maT Soris, sxvisi naxmari Spricis gamoyenebiT; Tavi aiv epidemiisagan da moeridos safrTxis
- yurebis gaxvretis an sviringebis (tatu) gakeTebis Semcvel qcevebs.
i dros dabinZurebuli instrumentebis gamoyenebiT);
yovel 15 wamSi dedamiwaze 1 adamiani in-
-
ficirdeba... Cvenzea damokidebuli, gavxdebiT
s
Tu ara am savalalo statistikis obieqtebi.
-
> aiv-inficirebuli dedidan Svilze (es cnobismoyvareobis gamo gakeTebuli narkotikis
T,
SeiZleba moxdes rogorc orsulobis dros, aseve Tundac erTi ineqcia, an Tundac erTi daucveli sqe-
s
mSobiarobis procesSi da ZuZuTi kvebis dros.) sobrivi kavSiri SeiZleba sabediswero aRmoCndes.
.

27 28
seqsualuri revolucia virusebis sruli
gamarjvebiT dasrulda...
patrik o-rurki
sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebi infeqciebi (sggi) _
es aris sxvadasxva saxis infeqciebi, romelTa
gadacema xdeba sqesobrivi kontaqtebis dros. sggi
cnobilia uxsovari droidan. adre maT veneriul
sneulebebs uwodebdnen. dReisaTvis cnobilia 100-
ze meti sggi, magram maT Soris yvelaze xSirad
gvxvdeba sifilisi, qlamidiozi, sasqeso orgnoebis
herpesi, gonorea, triqomoniazi, papilomavirusuli
infeqcia, aiv infeqcia, virusuli hepatitebi (B da C),
citomegalovirusuli infeqcia da sokovani in-
feqcia. es daavadebebi mimdinareobs xangrZlivi
drois ganmavlobaSi, talRiseburad, xSirad,
faruladac.
29
sggi TavisiT, mkurnalobis gareSe ar ganikurne-
ba, amitom, rac ufro adre mivmarTavT eqims,
miT meti iqneba imis Sansi, rom swrafad ganvi-
kurnebiT da Tavidan avicilebT garTulebebs:
1. daavadeba SeiZleba qronikul stadiaSi
gadavides da ufro Znelad daemorCilos
mkurnalobas;
2. anTeba SeiZleba gavrceldes saSarde
sistemasa da Tirkmlebze;
3. infeqciam SeiZleba gamoiwvios unayofoba.
aris Tu ara adamiani inficirebuli sqesobrivi
gziT gadamdebi daavadebiT, amis dadgena SeuZlia
mxolod eqims specialuri analizebis Catarebis
Semdeg, magram aris garkveuli simptomebi, rom-
lebic sggi-is savaraudo arsebobaze miuTiTebs:
> uCveulo gamonadeni sasqeso organoebidan;
> qavili gareTa sasqeso organoebis
midamoSi;
> siwiTle da sxvadasxva saxis gamonayari
(buStukebi, meWeWebi, wylulebi) gareTa
sasqeso organoebis midamoSi;
> sxvadasxva saxis diskomforti _ wva,
tkivili, SeSupeba;
> gaZnelebuli, mtkivneuli an xSiri Sardva.
30
unda aRiniSnos, rom yovelTvis aseTi gamovlinebe-
bi ar aris - xSirad, gansakuTrebiT, mamakacebSi,
sggi usimptomod mimdinareobs. jer kidev naxe-
vari saukunis win, e.w. faruli infeqciebis Sesa-
xeb arc ki icodnen da venerologebi, ZiriTadad,
mxolod or daavadebas sifilissa da gonoreas
mkurnalobdnen; magram, seqsualuri revoluciis
Semdeg, scenaze sxva mikrobebic gamovidnen qla-
midiebi, virusebi, sokoebi, mikoplazmebi. am agente-
biT gamowveuli daavadebebi TveobiT da, xSirad,
wlobiTac praqtikulad usimptomod mimdinareobs.
aseTi faruli infeqciebis sawyisi gamovlinebe-
bis SemCneva sakmaod rTulia: umniSvnelo qavi-
li, msubuqi wvis SegrZneba, msubuqi gamonayari,
mcire gamonadeni male gaivlis, adamiani maT
yuradRebas ar aqcevs da swrafad iviwyebs
maT Sesaxeb; Tumca, sul tyuilad: organizmSi
myudrod mokalaTebuli faruli infeqcia nel-
31 nela viTardeba da azianebs mTel rig organoebs.
sasurvelia gamokvlevis Catareba sasqeso organoe-
bis midamoSi nebismieri, Tundac Zalian xanmokle
usiamovno SegrZnebebis SemTxvevaSic ki drouli
diagnostika da adreuli mkurnaloba swraf Sedegs
iZleva; isic unda aRiniSnos, rom faruli infeqcie-
bisagan gaTavisufleba gvian dawyebuli mkurnalo-
bis SemTxvevaSic xdeba, Tumca, SesaZloa, rom
garTulebebi da sxvadasxva organoebis dazianebe-
bi adamians mTeli sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi gayves.
sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebi infeqciebis
gavrcelebis ZiriTadi gza aris yvela saxis
daucveli sqesobrivi kontaqti.
32
garda amisa, zogierTi sggi - aiv infeqcia, B da C
hepatitebi, sifilisi, adamians SeiZleba sisxlis rac Seexeba profilaqtikas rogor k
saSualebiTac gadaedos _ Seumowmebeli sisxlis aviciloT Tavidan sggi? q
gadasxmis, arasteriluri samedicino instrumente- qorwinebamde sqesobrivi kontaqtebisagan T
bis gamoyenebis, narkotikebis ineqciuri moxmarebis TavSekaveba profilaqtikis saukeTeso
dros. saSualebaa;
aranakleb mniSvnelovania ojaxuri si-
zogierTi sggi gadadis wmindis dacva _ meuRleebis erTmaneTi-
a
daavadebuli dedidan sadmi erTguleba;
a
Svilze orsulobis, dabolos, SemTxveviTi sqesobrivi kon-
g
mSobiarobis an ZuZuTi taqtebisagan Tavis arideba, ukidures
w
kvebis dros. aseTebia: SemTxvevaSi, Tavdacvis saSualebis (kon-
e
citomegalovirusi, aiv domi, igive prezervativi) gamoiyeneba. usa-
g
infeqcia, qlamidiozi. frTxo sqesobrivi qceva niSnavs, moiqceT
g
SesaZlebelia zogierTi ise, rom sqesobrivi kontaqtebis dros
n
sggi-s sayofacxovrebo infeqciebiT Tqveni dasnebovnebis riski
m
gziT gavrcelebac. minimumamde iyos dayvanili.
a
magaliTad: triqomo-
niazi gadadis in-
ficirebuli adamianis
TeTreulis, pirsaxo-
cis gamoyenebiT, auzSi
curvis dros, Tuki
wyali arasakmarisad
aris qlorirebuli.

33 34
mozardebi Zalian arc Secvlilan: isini
kvlavindeburad izrdebian, midian saxlidan,
qorwindebian magram ara aucileblad am
TanmimdevrobiT
ucnobi avtori
adreuli qorwinebis cneba
arc Tu ise didi xnis win
gaCnda. qorwinebis asakze
warmodgena sxvadasxva
epoqaSi sxvadasxva iyo, ma-
gram TaobaTa gamocdileba
gviCvenebs, rom ojaxis Seqm-
na mizanSewonilia mxolod
maSin, rodesac adamiani
amisaTvis momwifdeba.
magram, aq ismis kiTxva: romelia simwifis asa-
ki? biologiuri asaki mniSvnelovani, magram
ara erTaderTi kriteriumia am sakiTxis gada-
sawyvetad. ojaxuri cxovrebisaTvis mzaobas
ganapirobebs ara marto fizikuri, aramed zneo-
brivi da socialuri momwifebis xarisxic. ada-
mianis Camoyalibebis es etapebi ki erTdrou-
lad da yvelasTan erTnairad ar mimdinareobs.
35
Tqven Seyvarebuli xarT.
es pirveli siyvarulia.
yvelaze Zlieri da samu-
damo. cxovreba mSvenieria,
Tuki gverdiT is aris.
uzomod bednieri xarT.
gindaT, mTeli cxovreba
erTad iyoT. amitom,
gadawyviteT, daqorwindeT.
vin Tqva, rom siyvarulSi
asakobrivi SezRudva ar-
sebobs? vin moigona cneba
adreuli qorwineba?
sanam iseTi mniSvnelovani nabijis gadadgmas daa-
pirebT, rasac adreuli qorwineba qvia, dafiqrdiT.
SesaZloa,qvemoT mocemulma informaciam SegaCeroT:
droTa ganmavlobaSi, siyvaruli fermkrTal-
deba. meuRlis is patara nakli, romelic adre
Rimils gvgvrida, axla Zalian gvaRizianebs. ax-
algazrda ojaxSi TandaTan xSirdeba Cxu-
bi da konfliqturi situaciebi, rac, saboloo
jamSi, SeiZleba ganqorwinebiT dasruldes.
materialuri problemebi. sad vicxovroT? fuli
saidan movitanoT? Seswevs Tu ara axalgazrda vaJs
unari, Seinaxos sakuTari Tavi, meuRle da Semdeg
Svili? Tu ara mSoblebis kiserze unda viyoT?
36
yofiTi problemebi. Taflobis Tvis Semdeg aR-
gamoucdeloba. mzada xarT, aiRoT pasuxismge-
moCndeba, rom colma ar icis saWmlis momzadeba
bloba ara marto sakuTar Tavze, aramed sxva
da recxva, xolo qmarma gafuWebuli onkanis
adamianzec? miiRoT gadawyvetileba? SeasruloT
SekeTeba.
dapireba? gadawyvitoT esa Tu is problema?
Svilebi. bavSvis gaCena didi pasuxismgeblobaa. cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebis nakleboba adreu-
mzada xarT, rom patara mtirala arsebisaTvis li qorwinebis aucilebel problemad iqceva.
msxverplad gaiRoT Tqveni dro, janmrTeloba,
nervebi, Zili?
iciT, ra unda
aswavloT? gyavT
Tavisuflebis SezRudva. ojaxuri movaleobebi
dedebi da bebiebi,
gulisxmobs imasac, rom naklebad geclebaT me-
romlebic mouvlian,
gobrebTan, diskoTekaze an kinoSi wasasvlelad,
abanaveben, eqimTan
gansakuTrebiT im SemTxvevaSi, Tu bavSvi gaCnda.
waiyvanen?
mzad xarT imisTvis, rom Tqveni meore naxevari
uTqvenod wava gasarTobad?
ararealuri molodinebi. qorwinebamdeli
molodinebi ar gamarTlda realur cxovre-
baSi yvelaferi bevrad ufro mosawyeni da Cveu-
ra Tqma unda, es ar aris adreul
lebrivia. Tqven imedgacruebuli rCebiT.
qorwinebasTan dakavSirebuli
problemebis sruli CamonaTvali.
TiToeul ojaxur wyvils Sei-
mSoblebis Careva gansakuTrebiT aqtualu- Zleba aRmoaCndes Tavisi, sxvebi-
ria, Tuki isini materialurad gexmarebian. isi- sagan gansxvavebuli gadauWreli
ni erevian Tqvens urTierTobebSi, gaswavlian, problemebi.
rogor icxovroT, mudmivad gaZleven SeniSvnebs.
37 38
sityvaara uwindeburad rCeba yvelaze
efeqtur Casaxvis sawinaaRmdego saSuale-
bad
Jarko petani
adreul anu mozardTa orsulobebis umravle-
soba arasasurvelia. aqedan gamomdinareobs sam-
wuxaro statistika: aseTi orsulobebis daax-
loebiT 70% xelovnuri abortiT mTavrdeba, 15%
- TviTneburi abortiT da mxolod 15% - mSobi-
arobiT. mozardTa orsulobas Tan sdevs prob-
lemaTa mTeli jaWvi, romelic cvlis rogorc Ta-
vad mozardis, aseve misi axloblebis cxovrebasac.
xSirad, orsulobis faqts gogonebi gvian
acnobiereben. pirveli bunebrivi reaqcia
Sokia sircxvilis, braleulobis gancda,
dabneuloba, SiSi, panika. aseT stresTan gam-
klaveba maTTvis Zalian rTulia.
39
rac ufro axalgazrdaa momavali deda, miT ufro
maRalia orsulobisa da mSobiarobis garTule-
baTa riski da raime daavadebis ganviTarebis al-
baToba rogorc dedis, aseve SvilisaTvis.
mozardebSi orsulobasa da mSobiarobas
SeiZleba Semdegi garTulebebi axldes:
> sisxlnakleboba (anemia)
> arteriuli wnevis momateba
> toqsikozi
> naadrevi mSobiaroba;
> gaxangrZlivebuli an garTulebuli
mSobiaroba;
> nayofis samSobiaro travmebi;
> xSiria mSobiarobis Semdgomi
depresia;
> adreuli ganmeorebiTi orsulobebi,
rasac xSirad moyveba aborti.
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adreul asakSi orsuloba da mSobiaroba
SeiZleba gaxdes risk-faqtori
axalSobilisTvis da gamoiwvios:
> axalSobilis mcire masa
(2500g-ze naklebi);
> orsulobis, mSobiarobis an
mSobiarobis Semdgom periodSi
nayofis sikvdilobis maRali
maCvenebeli;
> araadekvaturi kveba dedis rZiT;
> arasakmarisi mzrunveloba, rac
Sesabamisad zrdis bavSvis avadobis
risks.
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am problemaTa umravlesoba gamowveulia
imiT, rom mozardTa organizmi ar aris bo-
lomde momwifebuli. amas garda, mozardi
orsulebi xSirad ignorirebas ukeTeben
TavianT mdgomareobas da ar icaven kve-
bisa da dasvenebis Sesabamis reJims. amas
emateba isic, rom gogonebi xSirad didi
xnis ganmavlobaSi umalaven mSoblebs or-
sulobis faqts da cdiloben, Tavad gaum-
klavdnen sakuTar problemas. adreuli
orsulobis gamo gogonebi iZulebulni
xdebian, Tavi daanebon swavlas, riTac sa-
frTxe eqmneba maT momaval ganaTlebas,
TviTrealizacias da karieras.
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narkomania, aiv infeqcia, sqesobrivi gziT gadamde-
bi sxva infeqciebi am daavadebaTa gavrceleba
damokidebulia adamianebis cxovrebis wessa da
qcevis Taviseburebebze.

Cveni sicocxle fasdaudebelia!

SevejibroT erTmaneTs
cxovrebis jansaR wesSi - am SejibrSi
damarcxebuli ar arsebobs!

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