Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1 (2017) P a g e |1
National Institute of Geological Sciences, College of Science, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City 1101
2
ABSTRACT
THE EXPERIMENT WAS CONDUCTED TO DESCRIBE THE KINETICS OF THE REACTION OF I- AND S2O82- BY USING
DIFFERENT CONENTRATIONS OD THE REACTANTS WITH A CONSTANT CONCENTRATION OF S2O82-, USE THE INITIAL
RATE METHOD TO DETERMINE THE RATE LAW OF THE REACTION, OBSERVE THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE
REACTION RATE BY HEATING THE REACTANTS AND COOLING AND TIME THE REACTION RATE OR THE TIME IN WHICH
THE SOLUTION HAS CHANGED COLOUR, SPECIFICALLY A BLUE-BLACK COLOUR. A STARCH WAS USED AS AN INDICATOR
OF THE END POINT OF THE REACTION AS IT FORMED A BLUE-BLACK COMPLEX IODINE-STARCH COMPLEX. THE
DIFFERENT RUNS WAS TIMED FOR AND THE TIME WAS USED TO CALCULATE THE REACTION RATE, DETERMINE THE
RATE OF THE REACTION AND THE RATE CONSTANT.
C. Grefaldia / Chemistry 26.1 (2017) P a g e |2
The experiment aims to describe the kinetics of the Figure 3: Reaction between Iodine and thiosulfate
reaction between iodide ions and persulfate ions and also
to determine the rate, rate constant, rate law There were 5 different runs in the experiment. Each run
experimentally. The rate law describes the relationship
consisted of a mixture of beaker A which contained 0.2 M
between the rate of the reaction and the concentrations of
reactants and it is raised to different powers according the KI and 0.2 M KCl in varying volume per run and beaker B
their rate order. The rate constant (k) is a proportionality containing 3 drops of starch and varying volumes of 0.1 M
constant in the relationship between rate and K2S2O8, 0.1 M K2SO4 and 4mM Na2S2O3. To determine the
concentrations [2] relationship between the rate and concentration of the
reactants, a rate law is used: Rate = k[A] m[B]n, where k is
the rate constant, [A] and [B] are the concentrations of the
reactants, and m and n pertain to the order of the reaction
with respect to concentration of A and B respectively. Thus
the rate law between the reaction of iodine and thiosulfate
in figure 2 shows that the rate is directly proportional to
the concentrations of iodide ion and persulfate.
Methodology
10 beakers were prepared containing the prepared M and N refers to the order of the reaction with respect to
solutions in varying volumes, 5 beakers labeled as beaker A concentration of persulfate and iodide, respectively. The
contained 0.2 M KI and 0.2 M KCl whereas beaker B orders can be identify by picking two sets of data and
contained 3 drops of starch and 0.1 M K 2S2O8, 0.1 M K2SO4 comparing them to get a ratio of the rates and the
and 4mM Na2S2O. The two were mixed together at room concentrations. Therefore, the order is both 1 with respect
temperature and timed until the solution has turned to to both reactants so the overall order is 2. [4]
blue.
Rate = k [S2O82-] [I-]
Another set of beaker were prepared containing the same
reactants, only this time the temperature acted as an The rate law shows that the rate is directly proportional to
independent variable. One beaker A and B were heated the concentrations of the reactants. Doubling the reactants
between 40 60 degree Celsius using a hot plate before also doubles the rate of reaction. By using the rate law,
mixing together and timed and another beaker a and B substituting the values of the concentrations, rates and the
were prepared and cooled in an ice bath until it reached 0- exponents will give the rate constant value. [3]
10 degrees Celsius before it was mixed and timed.
Table 1. Effect of Reactant Concentration on Reaction Table 2. Effect of Temperature and Catalyst on Reaction
Rate Rate
2-
Runs [S2O8 ] [I ] -
[S2O32-] Time, s Rate, Run 2 Temp, K Time, s Rate, M/s k, M-1sec-1
M/s Set 1 301 308.6 1.31x10-6 1.63x10-3
1 0.02 0.08 8x10-4 174.8 2.29x10-6 Set 2 332 5.3 7.55x10-5 9.43x10-2
2 0.02 0.04 8x10 -4
308 1.30x10-6 Set 3 279 2,233 1.79x10-7 2.24x10-4
3 0.02 0.02 8x10-4 745 5.37x10-7 Set 4 297 123 3.25x10-6 4.06x10-3
-4
4 0.03 0.04 8x10 117.91 3.40x10-6
-4
5 0.04 0.04 8x10 34.7 1.15x10-5
One factor affecting the rate is the temperature as shown in
The result has shown that higher concentrations of the equation below. As the activation of energy E a, gets
reactants: S2O82- and I- are favoured. bigger, k gets smaller. So a large activation energy will
mean a slow rate. The equation also shows that as the
The iodine formed is immediately reacted with thiosulfate temperature rises, k increases. [5]
to reduce ion back to iodide. The reaction goes on until all
the thiosulfate has reacted and Iodine can now react with Ea
RT
starch to form a blue-black complex. k =Ae
Ea
ln k = + ln A
The rate of the reaction is determined by the equation: RT
Figure 4 below shows that the plot of ln (1/T) and (1/T) is Errors and uncertainties of the equipment used canot be
inversely proportional and so the rate of reaction is avoided, so the concentrations might have been higher or
inversely proportional to the time taken for the solution to lower than its true value. Stopwatches can also have errors.
Human error, as well is unavoidable, for example, the
change colour.
humans response time might differ in stopping the stop
watch once solutions have turned blue. This could be
remedied by doing more trials to make the data and the
ln result more reliable to use.
(1/T)
References (Cambria 10, Bold)