Geology the study of earth, its composition, Mineralogy study of minerals

structure, history and process that shaped the

Paleontology study of life of the past geologic
earths past.
period and the evolution of animals/plants whose
Scientific Method process by which problem is remains found in the rocks
identified, gathered and analyze data and formulate
Petrology identification, classification and
a hypothesis.
description of rocks
Hypothesis tentative explanation of a phenomena
Sedimentology / Stratigraphy study of soil
Model visual or statistical simulation that describe specially their depletion and erosion
the hypothesis.
Structural Geology study of the three-
Multiple Hypothesis several possible dimensional distribution of rock units
explanations of a phenomena evaluated
Volcanology - is the study of volcanoes, lava,
simultaneously
magma, and related geological, geophysical and
Theory widely accepted explanation for a group of geochemical phenomena.
facts.
Why is Geology Important?
Geophysics application of the principle of physics
- The study of geology is important for three
in the study of earth.
main reasons: it reveals the deep history of
Geochemistry- study of the chemistry of rocks and the Earth, informs other sciences, and it is
of the waters and atmosphere useful for economic purposes.
Petroleum Geology study of the origin and Age of earth 4.7 billion
occurrence of petroleum and natural gas
Most abundant element in crust silicon
Economic Geology study of the commercial and
Composed of iron and magnesium silicate rock
industrial uses of earths resources.
mantle
Hydrogeology / Hydrology- deals with the
Made up mostly of iron core
distribution and movement of groundwater in
the soil and rocks of the Earth's crust Consist of crust and upper mantle lithosphere
Engineering Geology geology applied to the Zone of easily deformable mantle asthenosphere
building of dams, highways, bridges and other
construction project Asthenosphere and core-mantle boundaries
mesosphere
Environmental Geology application of the
principles of geology in the solving of environmental Composition of continental crust- granite
problems Composition of oceanic crush-basalt
Seismology the study of earthquakes
Geochronology deals with the history of the earth
Geomorphology study of landforms their origins
and development
Planetary geology / cosmogeology the study of
planets composition. Embraces the field of
geomorphology , meteorology etc.
Glaciology the study of ice specifically naturally
occurring glaciers
Marine Geology study of history and structure of
ocean floor.