INNOVA JUNIOR COLLEGE

JC 2 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2
in preparation for General Certificate of Education Advanced Level
Higher 1

CANDIDATE
NAME

CLASS INDEX NUMBER

PHYSICS 8866/02
Paper 2 Structured Questions 16 September 2013

2 hours
Candidates answer on the Question Paper
No Additional Materials are required

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST For Examiners Use

Write your name, class and index number on all the work you hand in. Section A
Write in dark blue or black pen on both sides of the paper.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working. 1
5
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
2
6
Section A 3
Answer all questions. 7

Section B 4
7
Answer any two questions.
5
6
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in the brackets [ ] at the end of each 6
question or part question. 9
Section B

7
20
8
20
9
20
Penalty

Total
80
Percentage

This document consists of 21 printed pages and 1 blank page. [Turn over
 2

Data

speed of light in free space, c = 3.00 108 m s1

elementary charge, e = 1.60 1019 C

the Planck constant, h = 6.63 1034 J s

unified atomic mass constant, u = 1.66 1027 kg

rest mass of electron, me = 9.11 1031 kg

rest mass of proton, mp = 1.67 1027 kg

acceleration of free fall, g = 9.81 m s2

Formulae
1 2
uniformly accelerated motion, s = ut + at
2
v2 = u2 + 2as

work done on/by a gas, W = pV

hydrostatic pressure, p = gh

resistors in series, R = R1 + R2 +

resistors in parallel, 1 1 1
= ...
R R1 R 2

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
3 Use

Section A

Answer all questions in this section.

1 (a) The string of a particular bow is pulled back so that, just before the arrow is fired, the
archer exerts a force of 260 N on the string, as shown in Fig. 1.1.

Fig.1.1

The line of action of the 260 N force makes an angle of 50 with each section of the
string.
The tension in the string is T.

(i) On Fig. 1.1, indicate the directions of the tension in the two sections of the
string at point P. [1]

(ii) Determine, using a vector diagram, the magnitude of the tension T in the
string.

T = .. N [2]

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
4 Use

(b) A student measured the density of a metal cylinder by finding its dimensions with a
ruler, which he could not read to better than 1 mm because of parallax error, and
its mass with a balance reading to 0.1 g. He recorded his readings as follows:

diameter of cylinder = 20.0 mm

height of cylinder = 18.0 mm
mass of cylinder = 51.3 g

With his readings, he made the following calculation:

density of cylinder = 9.072 103 kg m3

Calculate the actual uncertainty of the density, expressing your answer to an

appropriate number of significant figures.

density = .. kg m3 [2]

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
5 Use

2 A stone is being thrown from the top of the cliff, situated above the sea, with velocity
13 m s1 at an angle of 50 to the horizontal as shown in Fig. 2.1.

13 m s1
50o
cliff

Fig. 2.1

(a) On the axes of Fig. 2.2, ignoring air resistance, draw and label graphs to represent
the variation with time of

(i) VH, the horizontal component of the velocity,

(ii) VV, the vertical component of the velocity of the stone.
Take upwards as positive direction. Indicate on the diagram the time taken for
the stone to reach the maximum height.
[4]

20

Velocity /
m s1 10

0
time / s
1.0 2.0 3.0

10

20
Fig. 2.2

(b) Given that the time taken for the stone to reach the surface of the sea is 2.5 s, use
your graph in (a) to find h, the height of the cliff above the surface of the sea.

h = .. m [2]

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
6 Use

3 Fig. 3.1 shows a rock climber abseiling down a rock face. At the instant shown, the climber
is stationary. The forces acting on the climber are shown in Fig. 3.1.

Fig. 3.1

(a) The rock climber in Fig. 3.1 is in equilibrium.

(i) Explain why the reaction force FR by the rock face on the climbers feet must
have a horizontal component and a vertical component.

..............................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................

..............................................................................................................................

......................................................................................................................... [2]

(ii) Draw an arrow in Fig. 3.1 to represent the reaction force FR by the rock face on
the climbers feet. [1]

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
7 Use

(b) Given that the weight of the rock climber is 590 N, and that the tension in the rope is
610 N and it acts at an angle of 20 to the vertical, calculate the magnitude of the
reaction force FR and the angle it makes with the vertical.

magnitude of FR = N

angle of FR = [4]

4 (a) Define the tesla.

.............................

.............................

........................... [2]

(b) A large horseshoe magnet produces a uniform magnetic field of flux density B
between its poles. Outside the region of the poles, the flux density is zero.
The magnet is placed on a top-pan balance and a stiff wire XY is situated between
its poles, as shown in Fig. 4.1

Fig. 4.1

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
8 Use

The wire XY is horizontal and normal to the magnetic field. The length of wire
between the poles is 4.4 cm.
A direct current of magnitude 2.6 A is passed through the wire in the direction from
X to Y.
The reading on the top-pan balance increases by 2.3 g.

(i) State and explain the polarity of the pole P of the magnet.

..............................

..............................

..............................

..............................

..............................

............................... [3]

(ii) Calculate the flux density between the poles.

flux density = T [2]

5 (a) (i) State Newtons first law of motion and show how it leads to the concept of
force.

...

.......

.......

.. [2]

(ii) Express the unit of force in terms of S.I. base units.

S.I. base units of force is ..... [1]

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13
 For
Examiners
9 Use

(b) Michael drove his car of mass 1200 kg to a maximum speed of 40 m s 1. During a
driving test, it was found that the average retarding force due to air resistance and
friction from the ground, f, is 1200 N when the car was accelerating uniformly.

Calculate the forward driving force Fdrive when the car accelerated uniformly from
rest to its maximum speed in 11.0 s under driving test conditions.

Fdrive
f

Fdrive = N [3]

6 (a) A constant current is maintained in a long straight vertical wire. A Hall probe
(a device that measures magnetic flux density) gives the maximum reading when
the magnetic field lines are perpendicular to the cross-sectional area of the Hall
probe.

In the experiment, the Hall probe shows a reading VH and is positioned a distance r
from the centre of the wire, as shown in Fig. 6.1.

Fig. 6.1

(i) Suggest why, when the Hall probe is rotated about the horizontal axis XY, the
reading varies between a maximum positive value and zero.

..............................

..............................

................................... [1]

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
10 Use

(ii) The maximum reading VH is measured at different distances r.

Data for VH and the corresponding values of r are shown in Fig. 6.2.

VH / V r / cm

0.290 5.0
0.190 7.5
0.140 10.0
0.097 15.0
0.073 20.0
0.060 25.0

Fig. 6.2

It is thought that VH are r are related by an expression of the form

k
VH
r
where k is a constant.

1. Without drawing a graph, use data from Fig. 6.2 to suggest whether the
expression is valid.

[2]

1
2. A graph showing the variation with of VH is plotted.
r
State the features of the graph that suggest that the expression is valid.

..............................

..........................[1]

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
11 Use

(iii) The students converted the reading on the Hall probe to obtain the actual
magnetic flux density and plotted the graph as shown in Fig. 6.3.

Fig. 6.3

The student then placed a coil PQRS of sides of 9.0 cm carrying a current of
2.0 A placed parallel to the conductor at a distance of 6.0 cm away as shown
in Fig. 6.4. Determine the resultant magnetic force experienced by the coil
and state the direction in which the coil will move.

6.0 cm
Fig. 6.4

magnetic force = N [4]

direction that coil will move = [1]

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
12 Use

Section B

Answer two of the questions in this section.

7 (a) Explain what is meant by the resistance of a conductor.

.[1]

(b) Define electromotive force (e.m.f.).

.[1]

(c) Define the coulomb.

.[1]

(d) A fully charged car battery has an e.m.f. of 12 V and an internal resistance of 0.026 .
This battery can deliver a constant current of 2.1 A for a period of 5.0 hours.

(i) Calculate the total number of electrons passing through the battery in a time of
5.0 hours.

number = [2]

(ii) The fully charged car battery is connected to a starter motor, four sidelights
and two headlights as shown in Fig. 7.1.

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
13 Use

At 12 V, the power rating of each headlight is 48 W. When operating at 12 V,

the material of the filament has resistivity 7.9 x 107 m and radius
9.0 x 105 m.

1. Calculate the resistance of a single headlight.

resistance of headlight = .. [3]

2. Calculate the length of the filament of the headlight. Comment on the

answer.

length = ..m [3]

Comment: .

[1]

3. The resistance of each sidelight is 24 . Calculate the current in the

battery when switches S2 and S3 are closed and switch S1 is open.

current = .. A [2]
IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over
 For
Examiners
14 Use

4. The sidelights and headlights are switched on. With S1 closed, the
current in the starter motor is 120 A. Explain why all the lights become
less bright when S1 is closed.

[2]

5. The headlight is about 2.0% efficient at transforming electrical energy into

visible light. The light from the headlight has a particulate nature and can
be modeled as a stream of photons.

A. Explain what is meant by a photon and suggest how it differs from a

particle such as an electron.

[2]

B. The average energy of a photon of light emitted from the headlight is

3.6 x 1019 J. Calculate the rate at which photons are emitted from the
headlight.

rate = .. s1 [2]

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
15 Use

8 (a) A student is studying a water wave in which all the wavefronts are parallel to one
another. The variation with time t of the displacement x of a particular particle in the
wave is shown in Fig. 8.1.

Fig. 8.1

The distance d of the oscillating particles from the source of the waves is measured.
At a particular time, the variation with this distance d of the displacement x is shown
in Fig. 8.2.

Fig. 8.2.
(i) Use Figs. 8.1 and 8.2 to determine, for the water wave,

1. the period T of vibration,

T = ............................................... s [1]

2. the wavelength ,

= ............................................ cm [1]

3. the speed v.

v = .......................................cm s1 [1]

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
16 Use

(ii) 1. Use Figs. 8.1 and 8.2 to state and explain whether the wave is losing
power as it moves away from the source.

.. [2]

2. Estimate the amplitude of the wave at the point 5.0 cm from the source.

amplitude = .... cm [1]

3. Hence, determine the ratio

intensity of wave at source
intensity of wave 5.0 cm from source

ratio = ....................................... [2]

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
17 Use

(b) Fig. 8.3 shows two dippers, D and E, mounted on the same vibrating beam. The
dippers touch the surface of the shallow water in a ripple tank. When the beam
vibrates, waves travel outwards in all directions on the surface of the water from
each dipper.

Fig. 8.3

(i) State the principle of superposition as applied to waves.

.. [1]

(ii) Explain why dippers D and E are coherent.

.. [1]

(iii) Explain why a stationary wave will be formed on the surface of the water along
the line joining D and E.

.. [4]

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
18 Use

(iv) Wavefronts produced by the two sources are illustrated in Fig. 8.4.

D E

Fig. 8.4

On Fig. 8.4, draw a line to show one direction along which the waves have
1. maximum amplitude (label this line as X).
2. minimum amplitude (label this line as Y). [2]

(v) When the beam vibrates at a certain frequency, the distance between two
adjacent nodes along the line between D and E is 12 mm. When the frequency
of vibration is increased by 2.0 Hz, the distance between two adjacent nodes is
decreased to 10 mm.

Calculate
1. the frequency at which the beam vibrated originally,

frequency = ............................................... Hz [3]

2. the speed at which the waves travelled on the surface of the water.

speed = .......................................m s1 [1]

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
19 Use

9 (a) Two metal electrodes A and B are sealed into an evacuated glass envelope and a
potential difference V, measured using the voltmeter, is applied between them as
shown in Fig. 9.1.

Fig. 9.1

B is then illuminated with monochromatic light of wavelength 365 nm and I, the

current in the circuit, is measured for various values of V. The results are shown in
Fig. 9.2.

Fig. 9.2

(i) Use Fig. 9.2 to deduce the p.d. required to stop photoelectric emission from B.

p.d = . V [1]

(ii) Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons.

kinetic energy = .. J [2]

(iii) Deduce the work function energy of B.

work function energy = .. J [2]

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
20 Use

(iv) If the experiment were repeated using monochromatic radiation of wavelength

313 nm, determine where the new graph would meet the V-axis.

voltage = V [2]

(b) Fig. 9.3 illustrates some of the energy levels of an outermost electron in an isolated
atom of lithium. The energies of the levels are given in electron-volts (eV).

Fig. 9.3

(i) The outer electron of a lithium atom is in the lowest energy level shown. How
many joules of energy are required to remove this electron from the atom?

energy = .. J [1]

(ii) 1. Which of the transitions A, B, C or D would lead to the emission of

radiation of the shortest wavelength?

transition : . [1]

2. Calculate the wavelength of this radiation.

wavelength = m [2]

3. State the region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which this

radiation lies.

region = . [1]

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13

 For
Examiners
21 Use

(iii) Sketch the appearance of the spectrum which these four transitions produce.
[1]

(iv) On Fig. 9.3, draw four transitions of greater energy change which give rise to
another set of wavelengths. [2]

(v) The work function energy of lithium differs from the energy required to remove
the outer electron from an isolated lithium atom. Suggest why this is so.

..

..

..

[2]

(c) Electromagnetic waves have a wave nature as well as a particulate nature. This is
known as wave/particle duality. Describe a situation in which particles can be shown
to have a wave nature.

... [3]

END OF PAPER

IJC2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13 [Turn Over

 For
Examiners
22 Use

BLANK PAGE

IJC 2013 8866/Prelim2/02/13