Reading

Task 1

21 (B) 22 (A) 23 (D) 24 (C) 25 (B)

Task 2

21 (C) 22 (B) 23 (D)

25 (A)
Task 3

44. C 45. B 46. C 49. B 50. D

Part 2

Task 1

After inventing dynamite, Swedish-born Alfred Nobel became a very rich man. However, he
foresaw its universally destructive powers too late. Nobel preferred not to be remembered as the
inventor of dynamite, so in 1895, just two weeks before his death, he created a fund to be used
for awarding prizes to people who had made worthwhile contributions to mankind. Originally
there were five awards: literature, physics, chemistry, me, medicine and peace. Economics was
added in 1968, just sixty-seven years after the first award ceremony.

Nobels original legacy of nine million dollars was invested, and the interest on this sum is used
for the awards which vary from 1,5 million dollars to 2 million dollars.

Every year on December 10, the anniversary of Nobels death, the awards (gold medal,
illuminated diploma and money) are presented to the winners. Sometimes politics plays an
important role in the judges decisions. Americans have won numerous science awards, but
relatively few literature prizes.

No awards were presented from 1940 to 1942 at the beginning of World War II. Some people
have won two prizes, but this is rare; others have shared their prizes.

Task 2

In many old cities in Europe, there are narrow twisting roads with many shops huddling together
along the two sides. These commercial places are not so modern and convennient as those called
shopping centres in modern cities, especially in the suburbs of the big cities in the United States.

Shopping centres have developed rapidly because of the shift of the population to the suburbs,
the growing use of and dependence upon the automobile and the heavy traffic in downtown
areas.
A shopping centre is a large group of stores facing a huge central mall which maybe convered,
heated and air-conditional. A shopping centre is also surrounded by a parking area with space for
thousands of cars.

We can buy all kinds of food and get anything we need in a shopping centre. Unlike a
supermarket where groceries are chiefly sold, a shopping centre provides us with all services
besides food. We can get our hair cut, eyes examined, clothes washed; we can book our tickets
for a world tour and even enroll in special classes.

Shopping centres are, therefore, very convenient for customers, but they lack the sense of
closeness as felt in older commercial centres.

Task 3

In 1723 there arrived in Philadelphia a penniless young man, eager for work and for knowledge.
As the years passed, this man, Benjamin Franklin, contributed greatly to his city and to his
country. He became a printer and a publisher, and a learned man in many subjects. He also
helped to spread learning by establishing a public library and by founding the American
Philosophical Society, which is an important academy of great scholars to this day.

Franklin initiated many improvements in the city of Philadelphia, making it one of the worlds
first cities to have paved and lighted streets as well as a police force and a fire-fighting company.
He also made many practical inventions such as the Franklin stove, which was a very efficient
heater, and the lightning rod to protect buildings in electric storms. His scientific work with
electricity earned Franklin world fame.

Franklin played an important role in the early history of the United States. He took part in
drawing up the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution. He was the first ambassador to
France, and he helped negotiate the treaty of 1783, which ended the Revolutionary War.

As an active member and as president of the Abolitionist Society, Franklin devoted the last years
of his life to the movement to end slavery.

Part 2

Task 1

38 A B D B A B C

Task 2

36. A 37. A 38. A 39. A 40. D 41. B 42. D 43. B

Task 3

36. D 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. A 41. A 42. D

Part 3

12 cu u

12 cu tip

5. C 6. D 7. A 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. 16. A

12 cu tip

3. A 4. B 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. D 14. C

12 cu tip

6. C 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. D 15.C

Part 4

Task 1

D. aware
full
D. mind
D. dont let
D. lack
D. however
D. who
D. published
D. certain
D. turn out

Task 2

1. Expected 3. About 5.Result 7.position 9.other

2. fun 4.according 6.likely 8.depend 10.get on
Task 3

1. to 2. someone 3. away 4. studies 5. close

6. different 7. develop 8. try 9. contact 10. as