Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Geoffrey Steadman
First Edition
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ISBN-13: 978-0-9843065-5-8
ISBN-10: 0-9843065-5-2
geoffreysteadman@gmail.com
Table of Contents
Pages
Introduction to Ritchies Fabulae Faciles..v-vi
How to Use This Commentaryvii
Running Core Vocabulary Listviii-x
Abbreviations...xii
Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives...116-117
Verb Synopses....118-124
Alphabetized Core Vocabulary List...125-128
This book should be on the bedstand of every intermediate Latin student. The volume
is a graded reader of Latin stories, which the modern author Francis Ritchie composed
in order to give students additional practice before reading Caesars Gallic War. The
book includes the myths of Perseus, Heracles, Jason and the Argonauts, and Ulysses;
and the entire text is divided into 100 sections of Latin which are roughly a paragraph
in length. Although Ritchie assumes that readers know all five declensions, pronouns,
and active and passive verbs from the first story about Perseus, he does not introduce
the subjunctive mood until the middle of the the account of Heracles or indirect
discourse and ablative absolutes until Jason and the Argonauts. Ritchies purpose is to
provide readers with an opportunity to master simple Latin grammar and morphology
before they encounter more complex constructions in the later stories, and he does so
while presenting students with an informative and thoroughly engaging storyline.
This Latin text was first published by Ritchie in 1884 in a volume called Fabulae
Faciles: A First Latin Reader. In 1903, John Kirtland published a revised edition
entitled Ritchies Fabulae Faciles: A First Latin Reader. Kirtland modified Ritchies
Latin text, added grammatical notes, and eliminated a section of drill exercises found
in the beginning the original volume. Kirtlands book remained the standard edition
until 1991, when another revised volume was prepared by Gilbert Lawall, Stanley
Iverson, and Allan Wooley, entitled Fabulae Graecae: A Revised Edition of Ritchies
Fabulae Faciles. While the first two books are no longer protected by copyright law
and can be downloaded for free, the Fabulae Graecae remains available in paperback.
The aim of this current edition is to make Ritchies myths even more accessible to
intermediate-level Latin readers. To accomplish this goal, I have decided to adopt the
best features of Clyde Pharrs Aeneid. Facing each page of the Latin text is a single
page of commentary divided into halves. The top half includes all of the
corresponding vocabulary that occur fourteen or fewer times in the work, arranged
alphabetically in two columns. The bottom half is devoted to grammatical notes,
which are organized according to line numbers and arranged in two columns. The
advantage of this format is that it allows me to include as much information as
vi
possible on a single page and at the same time ensure that the commentary entries are
distinct and immediately accessible to readers.
To complement the vocabulary within the commentary, I have added a running
core word list at the beginning of this book that includes all words occurring fifteen or
more times. An alphabetized form of this same list can be found in the glossary.
Together, this book has been designed in such a way that, once readers have mastered
the running core list, they will be able to rely solely on the Latin text and facing notes
and not need to turn a page or consult outside dictionaries.
The greatest strength of this book, apart from captivating stories, is its ability to
expose readers to difficult constructions over and over again. As a rule, I prefer to
offer too much assistance in the grammatical notes rather than too little and, since
readers may begin anywhere in the book, I identify constructions consistently
throughout the commentaryoften multiple times on the same page. In the case of
Fabulae Faciles such support is appropriate. Even if readers rely on overly generous
notes the first time they encounter a difficult passage, Ritchie presents the same
constructions and same phrases so often that readers quickly become familiar with a
range of difficult clauses and therefore rely less and less on the notes as they progress.
By the time they encounter Ulysses, the constructions which readers have already
encountered are so dense and frequent that it is impossible to include the ample notes
found in earlier myths, and in most cases such notes are no longer necessary.
Although this volume may be used as a supplement in the classroom, I hope that
teachers will encourage students to keep a copy by their bedsides for casual reading
and rereading during the summer months and winter breaks. While there is no
substitute for meaningful classical and medieval Latin texts, most authentic Latin
prose still remains beyond the reach for intermediate-level students. This current
commentary is made in the hopes that the short sections of connected prose will help
readers of varying abilities develop reading proficiency and provide them with the
knowledge and confidence necessary to read authentic Latin authors.
2. Read actively.
Read in Latin word order. Initially, readers have a tendency both (a) to scan
through the entire Latin sentence quickly to order to attain a sense of the
constructions and (b) to treat the sentence as a puzzle and jump around the
passage from subject to verb to object and so on. As you acquire more
vocabulary and your comfort with the Latin increases, make reading in Latin
word order your primary method. It is a lot of fun and with persistence very
satisfying as well.
Develop the habit of making educated guesses as you read. The purpose of the
graded reader to provide you with an opportunity to encounter difficult
constructions, particularly subjunctive clauses and indirect discourse, so
frequently that you cannot help but to develop proficiency identifying and
translating them. Make educated guests as you read. If you guess correctly, the
commentary will reaffirm your knowledge of the Latin. If you answer
incorrectly, you will become more aware of your weaknesses and therefore more
capable of correcting them.
4. Reread the most recent passage immediately before you begin a new one.
This additional repetition will strengthen your ability to recognize vocabulary,
forms, and syntax quickly, bolster your confidence, and most importantly provide
you with much-needed context as you begin the next selection in the text.
viii
Page
2 , ab, abs: (away) from, out of, 72
2 accipi: to receive, get, accept, 26
2 ad: to, toward; near, 188
2 annus, - m.: year, 18
2 at: but; mind you; but, you say, 27
2 atque: and, and also, and even, 21
2 autem: however, moreover, 81
2 brevis, -e: short, brief, 15
2 conici, -ere, -ic: throw together, throw, take oneself, 13
2 cnsilium, -i n.: plan, advice; council, assembly, 23
2 constitu, -ere, -u, -tus: decide, establish, resolve, 36
2 cum: with (+ abl.); when, since, although, 196
2 d: down from, from, about, concerning (+ abl.), 29
2 deus, - m.: god, divinity, deity, 19
2 dc, -ere, dx, dictus: say, speak, tell, call, name, 17
2 d, dare, ded, datum: give, put, make; grant, allow, 42
2 enim: for, indeed, in truth, 77
2 et: and, also, even, 287
2 faci, -ere, fc, fectum: make, do, 89
2 habit (1): to inhabit, live, 18
2 hic, haec, hoc: this, that; he, she, it, 222
2 ibi: there, in that place, 21
2 igitur: therefore, then, accordingly, 71
2 ille, illa, illud: that (famous); he, she, it, 84
2 in: in (+ abl.) , into (+ acc.), 272
2 insula, -ae f.: island, 20
2 ipse, ipsa, ipsum: -self; the very, 50
2 is, ea, id: this, that; he, she, it, 230
2 ltus, ltoris n.: shore, beach, 19
2 mgnopere: greatly, very much, 15
2 magnus, -a, -um: great, large, tall; mighty, important, 79
2 mare, maris n.: sea, 15
2 multus, -a, -um: much, many, abundant, 36
2 omnis, omne: every, all, 96
2 Perseus, - m.: Perseus, 26
2 post: after, behind (+ acc.); afterward, next, 32
2 postquam: after, when, 58
Running Core Vocabulary ix
Abbreviations
-von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff
1. THE ARK
Haec nrrantur pots d Perse. Perseus flius erat Ivis, maxim 1
derum; avus eius Acrisius appellbtur. Acrisius volbat Perseum
neptem suum necre; nam propter rculum puerum timbat.
Comprehendit igitur Perseum adhuc nfantem, et cum matre in arc
ligne inclsit. Tum arcam ipsam in mare conicit. Dana, Perse 5
mater, magnopere territa est; tempests enim magna mare turbbat.
Perseus autem in sin mtris dormibat.
1 haec: these (things); neut. pl. suum: his; reflexive possessive adj., use the
d: about; often when object is not a place subject (su as in subject!) to translate
Ivis: of Jupiter; the god Iuppiter declines 5 in mare: acc. place to which, neuter sg.
in the 3rd decl.: Iuppiter, Ivis, Iv, Ivem Dana: Greek nominative, the two dots
and Ive; Ivis is gen. sg. (German umlaut) indicate that the e is
2 eius: gen. sg. of is, ea, id pronounced separately from the a
Acrisius: pred. nom. of appellbtur, 6 tempests: nom. sg., fem. 3rd decl.
which behaves as a linking verb 7 sin: 4th decl. abl. sg.
2. JUPITER SAVES HIS SON
Iuppiter tamen haec omnia vdit, et flium suum servre cnstituit. 1
Tranquillum igitur fcit mare, et arcam ad nsulam Seriphum
perdxit. Huius nsulae Polydects tum rex erat. Postquam arca ad
ltus appulsa est, Dana in harn quietem capibat. Post breve
tempus pisctore qudam reperta est, et ad domum rgis 5
Polydectis adducta est. Ille mtrem et puerum benign excpit, et
es sedem ttam in fnibus sus dedit. Dana hoc dnum libenter
accpit, et pr tant benefici rg gratis git.
addc, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 libenter: gladly, willingly, 12
appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 mater, matris f.: mother, 9
arca, -ae f.; chest, box, ark, 4 perdc, -ere, -x, -ctum: lead through, 4
beneficium, - n.: benefit, favor; kindness, 8 pisctor, pisctris m.: fisherman, 1
benignus, -a, -um: kind, 4 Polydects, -is m.: Polydectes, 7
Dana, -s f.: Danae, 5 pr: before, in front of, for, 9
domus, -s f.: house, home, dwelling, 11 quis, quitis f.: rest, repose, sleep, 5
dnum, - n.: gift, 6 reperi, -re, repper, repertum: find out, 9
excipi, ere, cp, ceptum: receive, welcome9 sdes, sdis f.: seat; abode, home, 5
fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 Seriphus, - m.: Seriphos (an island) 1
grtia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 serv (1): save, keep, preserve, 1
harna, -ae f.: sand, 1 tranquillus, -a, -um: calm, tranquil, 1
Iuppiter, Iovis m.: Jupiter, 8 tutus, -a, -um: safe, secure, 3
1 haec omnia: neuter acc. pl., add things declines but the first half of this indefinite
2 fcit: made (x) (y); tranquillum is an adj. adjective does and modifies pisctore (abl)
in the predicative position: not tranquil 6 benign: kindly; - indicates an adv.
sea but sea tranquil 7 es: dat. pl. is, ea, id; ind. obj. of dedit
3 huius nsulae: gen. sg. with rex; ius 8 pr: (in return) for
is a common gen. pronoun ending (hic) rg: dat. sg. 3rd decl. noun rex, rgis
4 quitam capibat: was taking a rest gratis git: gave thanks; common
5 qu-dam: a certain; the suffix -dam never idiom for gratis go, here pf.
3. PERSEUS IS SENT ON HIS TRAVELS
Perseus igitur mults anns ibi habitbat, et cum mtre su vtam 1
betam agbat. At Polydects Danan magnopere ambat, atque
eam in mtrimnium ducere volbat. Hoc tamen cnsilium Perse
minim grtum erat. Polydectes igitur Perseum dimittere cnstituit.
Tum iuvenem ad s vocvit et haec dxit: "Turpe est hanc ignvam 5
vtam agere; iam ddum t adulscns es. Qu sque hc manbis?
Tempus est arma capere et virttem praestre. Hinc ab, et caput
Medsae mihi refer.
abe, -re, -i, -itus: go away, go off, depart, 6 iuvenis, -is m.: youth, young man, 4
adulscns, -entis: young (man), youth(ful), 3 mane, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9
ag, agere, g, ctum: drive, lead, spend, 13 mater, matris f.: mother, 9
am (1): love, like, 1 matrimnium, -i n.: marriage, 6
arma, -rum n.: arms, equipment, tools, 6 Medsa, -ae f.: Medusa, 6
beatus, -a, -um: blessed, happy, 3 minim: least, by no means, not at all, 1
Dana, -s f.: Danae, 5 Polydects, -is m.: Polydectes, 7
dmitt, -ere, -ms, --: send away, let go, 8 praest, -stre, -stit: stand in front, show, 6
duc, -ere, dx, ductus: lead, draw, bring, 5 turpis, turpe: ugly, shameful, 1
ddum: a short time ago; just now, once, 2 usque: all the way to, up to, continuously, 2
grtus, -a, -um: pleasing, grateful, 1 virts, -tis f.: valor, manhood, excellence, 10
hinc: from this place, hence, 1 vta, -ae, f.: life, 9
ignavus, -a, -um: lazy, cowardly, 2 voc (1): call, summon, invoke, 2
abscd, -ere, -cd, -csum: cut away or off, 5 ictus, -s m.: strike, blow, 4
arma, -rum n.: arms, equipment, tools, 6 indu, -ere, indu, indtum: put on, 8
cter, -ae, -a: the other, remaining, 2 inspici, -ere, -spx, -spectum: look upon, 1
commove, -re, -mv, -mtum: move, ra, rae f.: anger, 12
trouble, upset, 14 magicus, -a, -um: magic, 5
conspectus, -s m.: sight, view, 6 Medsa, -ae f.: Medusa, 6
difficilis, -e: hard, difficult, troublesome, 6 Minerva, -ae f.: Minerva, 4
dormi, -re, -v: to sleep, 8 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14
vad, -ere, vs, vsum: go out, escape, 9 propter: on account of, because of, 6
excit (1): excite, rouse, incite, 8 rapi, -ere, rapu, raptum: to seize, snatch, 5
falx falcis f.: sickle, 2 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14
fugi, fugere, fg, --: to flee, hurry away, 9 speculum, - n.: mirror, 3
galea, -ae f.: helmet, 3 tergum, - n.: back, 8
Gorg, -onis f.: Gorgon, 4 vert, -ere, vert, versum: to turn, 4
1 in fns: into the borders; usual meaning Jupiter/Zeus, sometimes spelled Ammon
2 ill tempore: at; abl. of time when 6 mnstr: dat. sg. ind. obj. of trdere
Hc: note that the distinguishes this 7 nmine: by name; abl. of respect
adverb from the pronoun hic, this one virg: nom. sg. predicate
3 savissimum: superlative adj. saevus 8 haec: these (things); neut. acc. pl.
Hoc: this one; neut. sg. subject; this volbat: impf. of vol, velle, to wish,
(monster), monstrum is neuter not from vol, volre, to fly
4 mar: abl. sg. 3rd decl. i-stem noun 9 ob eam causam: for this reason
5 omnium: gen. pl. 3rd decl. i-stem adj. 10 imperta: commands; things having
de Hammnis: of the god Hammon; a been commanded neuter acc. pl. PPP
north African god often identified with (pf. pass. pple) imper
7. A HUMAN SACRIFICE
Tum rx diem certam dxit et omnia parvit. Ubi ea dis vnit, 1
Andromeda ad ltus dducta est, et in cnspect omnium ad rpem
alligta est. Omns fatum eius deplrbant, nec lacrims tenbant.
At subit, dum mnstrum exspectant, Perseus accurrit; et ubi
lacrims vdit, causam dolris quaerit. Ill rem ttam expnunt et 5
puellam demnstrant. Dum haec geruntur, fremitus terribilis
audtur; simul mnstrum horribil speci procul cnspicitur. Eius
cnspectus timrem maximum omnibus inicit. Mnstrum magn
celeritte ad ltus contendit, iamque ad locum appropinqubat ubi
puella stbat. 10
accurr, -ere, -cucurr, -cursum: to run to, 2 horribis, -e: horrible, dreadful, 11
adlig (1): bind to, tie to, 2 inici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: throw in or upon, 2
Andromeda, -ae f.: Andromeda, 4 lacrima, -ae f.: tear, 10
appropinqu (1): come near, approach, 8 maximus, -a, -um: greatest, 9
celerits, -ttis f.: speed, quickness, 7 nec: and not, nor, 10
certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 procul: from afar, from a distance, 5
conspectus, -s m.: sight, view, 6 puella, -ae f.: girl, 8
contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 rps, rpis f.: rock, cliff, 6
ddc, -ere: lead or bring down, launch, 10 simul: at the same time; at once, together, 10
dmonstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 st (1): to stand, 8
deplor (1): lament, weep, 1 tene, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13
expn, -ere, -su, -situm: set out, explain 7 terribilis, -e: terrible, dreadful, 5
ftum, - n.: fate, ruin, death, 2 ttus -a, -um: whole, entire, 14
fremitus, -s m.: roaring, roar, 2
1 diem certam dxit: appointed aday expnunt: explain; set out (in detail)
omnia: neut pl. acc. 3rd decl. i-stem 7 horribil speci: of; see p. 5, line 14
ea: this; is, ea, id as an adj. is a eius: of this one; or of it, i.e. monstrum
demonstrative which can be translated 8 omnibus: upon all; dat. of compound verb
as this/these or that/those magn celeritte: with..; abl. manner
3 eius: her; gen. fem. sg. is, ea, id often cum missing when there is an adj.
8. THE RESCUE
At Perseus ubi haec vdit, gladium suum dxit, et postquam tlria 1
induit, in ra subltus est. Tum dsuper in mnstrum impetum
subit fcit, et gladi su collum eius graviter vulnervit.
Mnstrum ubi snsit vulnus, fremitum horribilem didit, et sine
mor ttum corpus in aquam mersit. Perseus dum circum ltus 5
volat, reditum eius exspectbat. Mare autem intere undique
sanguine nficitur. Post breve tempus belua rrsus caput sustulit;
mox tamen Perse ict gravire vulnerta est. Tum iterum s in
unds mersit, neque poste vsa est.
2 subltus est: 3rd sg. pf. pass. toll vowels a and e often become I'
in mnstrum: against...; often in an attack 7 sustulit: pf. toll, belua is subject
impetumfcit: made an attack 8 gravire: graver; or more serious,
3 eius: his; of that one, gen. sg. abl. sg. comparative adj. gravis, -e
4 didit: /ex + dedit, in compound verbs
9. THE REWARD OF VALOR
Perseus postquam ad ltus dscendit, prmum tlria exuit; tum ad 1
rpem vnit ubi Andromeda vincta erat. Ea autem omnem spem
saltis dposuerat, et ubi Perseus adiit, terrre paene exanimta
erat. Ille vincula statim solvit, et puellam patr reddidit. Cpheus ob
hanc rem maxim gaudi affectus est. Meritam grtiam pr tant 5
benefici Perse rettulit; praetere Andromedam ipsam e in
matrimnium dedit. Ille libenter hoc donum accpit et puellam
dxit. Paucs anns cum uxre su in e regine habitbat, et in
magn honre erat apud omns Aethiops. Magnopere tamen
mtrem suam rursus vidre cupibat. Tandem igitur cum uxre su 10
regn Cphe discessit.
1 prmum: first (of all); adverbial acc. compare to red-it from red-e (go back)
3 saltis: for safety; objective gen., it is 5 maxim gaudi: with; abl. manner,
equivalent to the obj. of a verb hope without cum when modified by adj.
adiit: pf. ad-e pr: (in return) for
terrre: abl. of cause 6 rettulit: pf. refer with a dat. ind. obj.
4 patr: dat. ind. obj. of r + dedit e: dat. sg., is, ea, id
reddidit: red-dedit, pf. red-d (give back), 8 paucs anns: for; acc. of duration
10. POLYDECTES IS TURNED TO STONE
Postquam Perseus ad nsulam nvem appulit, s ad locum contulit 1
ubi mater lim habitverat, sed domum invnit vacuam et omnn
dsertam. Trs dis per ttam nsulam mtrem quaerbat; tandem
quart di ad templum Dinae pervnit. Hc Dana refgerat, quod
Polydectem timbat. Perseus ubi haec cognvit, r magn 5
commtus est; ad rgiam Polydectis sine mor contendit, et ubi e
vnit, statim in trium irrpit. Polydects magn timre affectus est
et fugere volbat. Dum tamen ille fgit, Perseus caput Medsae
mnstrvit; ille autem simul atque hoc vdit, in saxum versus est.
affici, -ere, -fc, fectum: influence, treat, 13 Medsa, -ae f.: Medusa, 6
appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 monstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 3
atrium, atri n.: atrium, 3 mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14
commove, -re, -mv, -mtum: move, lim: once, formerly, 10
trouble, upset, 14 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11
contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 Polydects, -is m.: Polydectes, 7
Dana, -s f.: Danae, 5 quartus, -a, -um: one-fourth, 3
dser, -ere, -u, -sertum: to desert, 2 refugi, -ere, -fg: flee back, 5
Dina, -ae f.: Diana, 1 rgia, -ae f.: palace, 4
domus, -s f.: house, home, dwelling, 11 simul: at the same time; at once, together, 10
fugi, fugere, fg, --: to flee, hurry away, 9 templum, - n.: temple, 3
hc: to this place, hither, 2 time, -re, -u: fear, dread, 6
inrump, -ere, -rp, -ruptum: burst in, 2 ttus -a, -um: whole, entire, 14
inveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: find, discover 8 trs, tria: three, 9
ra, rae f.: anger, 12 vacuus, -a, -um: empty, fear, vacant, 1
mater, matris f.: mother, 9 vert, -ere, vert, versum: to turn, 4
1 omnium hominum: of; partitive gen. 3 derat: plpf., simple past in sense
fuisse dcitur: is said to have been; pf. 4 hae (serpents): these; nom. subject
inf. sum; superlative validissimus as pred. medi nocte: in; abl. of time when
13. HERCULES AND THE SERPENTS
phicls, frter Herculis, magn vce exclmvit; sed Herculs ipse, 1
fortissimus puer, haudququam territus est. Parvs manibus
serpents statim prehendit, et colla erum magn v compressit.
Tl mod serpents puer interfectae sunt. Alcmna autem, mter
puerrum, clamrem audverat, et martum suum somn 5
excitverat. Ille lmen accendit et gladium suum rapuit; tum ad
puers properbat, sed ubi ad locum vnit, rem mram vdit,
Herculs enim rdbat et serpents mortus mnstrbat.
accend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: kindle, light, 2 mater, matris f.: mother, 9
Alcmena, -ae f.: Alcmena, 4 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7
clmor, -ris m.: shout, roar, applause, 4 mortuus, -a, -um: dead, 7
collum, - n.; neck, 6 parvus, -a, -um: small, 3
comprim, -ere, -press: press together, 2 prehend, -ere, -hend, -hnsum: seize, 5
excit (1): excite, rouse, incite, 8 proper (1): to hasten, 1
exclm (1): cry out, 3 rapi, -ere, rapu, raptum: to seize, snatch, 5
fortis, -e: strong, brave, valiant, 5 ride, -re, rs, -rsum: to laugh, 1
frter, -tris m.: brother, 5 serpns, serpentis f.: serpent, 6
gladius, - m.: sword, 10 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14
haudququam: not at all, in no way, 2 tlis, -e: such, 6
phicls, -is m.: Iphicles, 1 terre, -re, -u, territum: to terrify, scare, 5
lmen, lminis n.: light, 3 vx, vcis, f.: voice, 9
maritus, - m.: husband, 3
Aegypti, -rum m.: Egyptians, 1 impon, -ere, -posu, -positus: place on, 7
alius, -a, -ud: other, another, else, 9 insperg, -ere, -ers, -ersum: sprinkle upon, 1
alter, -era, -erum: other (of two), second, 7 inter: between, among (+ acc.), 10
antquus, -a, -um: ancient, 3 mola, -ae f.: meal, 1
appet, -ere, -v, -pettum: draw near, 3 ms, mris m.: custom, manner, law, 6
apud: among, in the presence of (+ acc.), 9 narr (1): to narrate, relate, 7
ra, -ae f.: altar, 2 nmen, nminis, n.: name, 12
Bsris, -idis m.: Busiris, 1 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
catna, -ae f.: chain, 2 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14
contus, -s m.: attempt, effort, 7 lim: once, formerly, 10
conici, -ere, -ic: throw together, throw, take perrump, -ere, -rp, -ruptum: break
oneself, 13 through, 2
consuesc, -ere, -v, -sutum: to accustom, 3 prostern, -ere, -strv, -tum: to lay out, 3
corripi, -ere, -u, -reptus: snatch (up), 6 regn (1): to rule, reign, 3
crdlis, -e: cruel, bitter, bloody, 6 rt: duly, fitly, 1
culter, cultr m.: knife, 1 sacerds, -dtis m. f.: priest(ess), 2
dmitt, -ere, -ms, --: send away, let go, 8 sacrificium, -i n.: sacrifice, 5
dc, -ere, -dx, -dictum: declare, proclaim, sl, salis m.: salt, 1
4 salsus, -a, -um: salted, salty, 1
fr, farris n.: spelt (wheat), sacrifical meal, 1 st (1): to stand, 8
ferreus, -a, -um: of iron, iron, 1 sum, sumere, sumps, sumptum: to take, 3
fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 victima, -ae f.: victim, 2
ictus, -s m.: strike, blow, 4 vinci, -re, vnx, vnctus: bind, tie, 4
immol, -re, -v, -tum: sacrifice, 1 vinculum, - n.: bond, chain, 4
abscd, -ere, -cd, -csum: cut away or off, 5 lgtus, - m.: ambassador, legate, 3
adulscns, -entis: young (man), youth(ful), 3 liber (1): to set free, release, 6
appell (1): call (by name), name, 12 Minyae, -rum f.: Minyae, 5
apud: among, in the presence of (+ acc.), 9 lim: once, formerly, 10
auris, -is f.: ear, 1 pend, -ere, , pepend, pensum: pay, hang, 1
bellicsus, -a, -um: warlike, 2 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11
centum: hundred, 3 quotanns: every year, yearly, 2
cvis, -is m/f: citizen, fellow citizen, 5 sanctus, -a, -um: sacred, holy, 1
comprehend, -ere, -d, -sum: grasp, seize, 3 stpendium, - n.: tax, tribute, 1
Creon, -ontis m.: Creon, 5 super (1): to overcome, defeat, 3
fnitimus, -a, -um: neighboring, bordering, 2 Thbae, -rum f.: Thebes, 4
gns, gentis f.: clan, race, nation, herd, 4 Thbn, -rum m.: Theban, 7
ignavus, -a, -um: lazy, cowardly, 2 tribtum, - n.: tribute, tax, contribution, 1
1 Thbs: in Thebes; locative (place where) 4 h: these; i.e. the lgt, envoys
2 Cren: nom. predicate Thbs: to Thebes; place to which, towns
bellicsissima: superlative adj. and cities do no require ad
3 Thbns: to Thebans; dat. with a special 6 pendbant: used to pay; iterative impf
adj. fnitim 7 hc stipendi: from; abl. separation
17. THE DEFEAT OF THE MINYAE
Ergnus, rx Minyrum, ob haec vehementer rtus statim cum 1
omnibus copis in fns Thbnrum contendit. Cren adventum
eius per explortrs cognvit. Ipse tamen pugnre nluit, nam
magn timre affectus erat; Thbn igitur Herculem impertorem
crevrunt. Ille nuntis in omns parts dmisit, et cpis cogit; 5
tum proxim di cum magn exercit profectus est. Locum
idneum dlgit et aciem nstrxit. Tum Thbn superire loc
impetum in hosts fcrunt. Ill autem impetum sustinre nn
poturunt; itaque acis hostium pulsa est atque in fgam conversa.
acis, - f.: sharp edge, battle line, army, 3 impertor, -ris m.: commander, 1
adventus, -s m.: arrival, approach, 3 impetus, -s m.: attack, onset, assault, 9
affici, -ere, -fc, fectum: influence, treat, 13 instru, -ere, -strx, -structum: equip, draw
cognsc, -ere, -nv, -nitum: to learn, perf. up, 6
know, 22 rtus, -a, -um: angry, 5
cg, cgere, -g, -ctum: collect, compel, 5 Itaque: and so, 8
contend, -ere, -, -ntus: strive; hasten; locus, - m.: place, region, situation;
compete, 11 opportunity, 51
convert, -ere, -, -rsus: turn (around), Minyae, -rum f.: Minyae, 5
reverse, 6 nam: for, 6
copia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 nl, nlle, nlu: notwish, be unwilling 12
cre (1): to create, 2 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
Creon, -ontis m.: Creon, 5 ob: on account of (acc.), 13
dlig, -ere, -lg, -lectum: choose, select, 6 proximus, -a, -um: nearest, next, 5
dmitt, -ere, -ms, --: send away, let go, 8 pugn (1): to fight, 4
Ergnus, - m.: Erginus, 1 superior, -ius: higher, upper, 3
exercitus, -s m.: army, 2 sustine, -re, u, -tentum: hold up, bear up 7
explrtor, -ris m.: scout, spy, 1 Thbn, -rum m.: Theban, 7
fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12
affici, -ere, -fc, fectum: influence, treat, 13 maxim: especially, very greatly, 5
ag, agere, g, ctum: drive, lead, spend, 13 nl, nlle, nlu: notwish, be unwilling 12
beatus, -a, -um: blessed, happy, 3 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14
cvis, -is m/f: citizen, fellow citizen, 5 proelium, -i n.: battle, 4
copia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 propter: on account of, because of, 6
Creon, -ontis m.: Creon, 5 recipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: accept, take
decor (1): to adorn, distinguish, 2 back, 8
effugi, -ere, -fg: flee away, escape, 1 redc, -ere, -x, -ctus: lead or bring back, 11
facinus, facinoris n.: bad deed, crime, 1 snits, -ttis f.: soundness, sanity, 1
furor, -ris m.: rage, fury, madness, 4 serm, sermnis m.: conversation, talk, 2
gaude, -re, gvsus sum: enjoy, rejoice, 4 silva, -ae f.: wood, forest, woodland, 7
honor, -ris m.: honor, glory; offering, 4 Thbn, -rum m.: Theban, 7
incid, -ere, -cid: fall into, fall upon, 3 uxor, xris f.: wife, spouse, 10
lber, -rum m.: children, 1 victria, -ae f.: victory, 1
matrimnium, -i n.: marriage, 6 vta, -ae, f.: life, 9
1 tantum scelus: neuter acc. sg. 5 es: dat. pl. ind. obj. with dabat
2 re: to go; inf. e 6 hominibus: dat. pl. ind. obj.
omnium: partitive gen. with superlative 7 colbat: used to worship; iterative
3 celeberrimum: predicate, superlative adj. hc: to here; place to which of hc
eratorntum: orntum erat, plpf. pass. scelus: neuter acc. sg.
20. THE ORACLE'S REPLY
Ubi Hercules fnem fcit, Pythia prm tacbat; tandem tamen iussit 1
eum ad urbem Tryntha re, et Eurysthe rgis omnia
imperta facere. Herculs ubi haec audvit, ad urbem illam
contendit, et Eurysthe rg s in servittem trdidit. Duodecim
anns crudelissim Eurysthe servibat, et duodecim labrs, qus 5
ille imperverat, cnfcit; hc enim n mod tantum scelus expir
potuit. D hs labribus plrima pots scripta sunt. Multa tamen
quae potae nrrant vix crdibilia sunt.
contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 pota, -ae m.: poet, 4
credibilis, -e: credible, 2 Pthia, -ae f.: Pythia, 4
crdlis, -e: cruel, bitter, bloody, 6 scelus, sceleris n.: wickedness, crime, 4
duodecim: twelve, 6 scrb, -ere, scrps, scrptum: write, 2
expi (1): expiate, 2 servi, -re, -v, -tum: to be slave to, serve, 1
fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 servits, servittis, f.: servitude, 2
imper (1): order, command, 12 tace, -re, -u, -itum: be silent, 2
narr (1): to narrate, relate, 7 Tryns, Tirynthis f.: Tiryns, 1
plrimus, -a, -um: most, very many, 3 vix: with difficulty, with effort, scarcely, 5
affer, -ferre, attul, alltum: carry to bring 5 intend, -ere, -nd, -ntum: stretch out, aim, 4
arcus, -s m.; bow, 4 le, lenis m.: lion, 5
bracchium, - n.: arm, 2 mors, mortis, f.: death, 9
cadver, -eris n.: corpse, dead body, 3 Nemeaeus, -a, -um: of Nemea, 1
clva, -ae f.: club, 1 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14
collum, - n.; neck, 6 oppidum, - n.: town, 4
complector, -plect, -plexus sum: embrace, 3 pellis, -is f.: hide, skin, pelt, 2
comprim, -ere, -press: press together, 2 percuti, -ere, -cuss, -cussum: strike, 2
dmum: at length, finally, 3 poste: after this, afterwards, 7
densus, -a, -um: thick, 2 pr: before, in front of, for, 9
dtrah, -ere, -ax, -actum: draw away/off, 2 redd, -ere, did, dditum: give back, return 4
exanim (1): to kill, exhaust, 9 respr (1): to breathe back, breathe out, 2
facults, -ttis f.: ability, opportunity, 5 semper: always, ever, forever, 2
fma, -ae f.: fame, reputation, report, rumor 7 silva, -ae f.: wood, forest, woodland, 7
faucs, -ium f.: throat, 2 trici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: pierce, throw
fera, -ae f.: wild animal, beast, 1 across, 2
frustr: in vain, for nothing, 13 umerus, - m.: shoulder, 3
gaude, -re, gvsus sum: enjoy, rejoice, 4 vallis, -is f.: valley, vale, 2
honor, -ris m.: honor, glory; offering, 4 vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
incol, -ere, -u: inhabit, 4 vestis, -is f.: clothing, 12
infstus, -a, -um: unsafe, dangerous, 1
1 prmum: first (of all); adverbial acc. vribus: with strength; abl. of means,
ill tempore: at; abl. time when pl. of vs, force; 3rd declension endings
3 s contulit: carried himself; i.e. he went, distinguish it from vir, vir
pf. cnfer 8 brev tempore: at; abl. time when,
scum: cum s 3rd decl. i-stem abl. sg.
4 attulerat: plpf. affer 9 resprand: gen. sg. of the gerund (-ing)
5 gerbat: he was carrying modifying nom. sg. facults
frustr: in vain; adverb e: dat. sg. indirect object of is, ea, id
6 hc mod: in this way; abl. of manner 10 rettulit: pf. refer
7 complexus est: a deponent verb; translate 12 magn honre: in great honor
as a perfect active verb
22. 2nd LABOR: THE LERNEAN HYDRA
Paul post iussus est ab Eurysthe Hydram necre. Hoc autem mnstrum 1
erat cui novem erant capita. Hercules igitur cum amc Iola profectus est
ad paldem Lernaeam, in qu Hydra habitbat. Mox mnstrum invnit, et
quamquam rs erat magni pericul, collum eius sinistr prehendit. Tum
dextr capita novem abscdere coepit; quotins tamen hoc fcerat, nova 5
capita exoribantur. Di frustr laborbat; tandem hc cnt dstitit.
Deinde arbors succdere et ignem accendere cnstituit. Hoc celeriter
fcit, et postquam ligna ignem comprehendrunt, face rdente colla
adssit, unde capita exoribantur. Nec tamen sine magn labre haec
fcit; vnit enim auxili Hydrae cancer ingns, qu, dum Herculs capita 10
abscdit, crra eius mordbat. Postquam mnstrum tal mod interfcit,
sagitts sus sanguine eius imbuit, itaque mortifers reddidit.
abscd, -ere, -cd, -csum: cut away or off, 5 itaque: and so, 8
accend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: kindle, light, 2 labr (1): work, toil, labor, strive, 2
adr, -rere, -ss, stum: set fire to, burn 1 Lernaeus, -a, -um: of Lerna, 1
arbor, -is f.: tree, 5 lgnum, - n.: wood, 4
arde, -re, ars, arsum: be on fire, burn, 3 morde, -ere, momord, morsum: bite, 1
cancer, -cancr m.: crab, 1 mortifer, -fera, -ferum: death-bearing, 2
celeriter: swiftly, quickly, 1 nec: and not, nor, 10
collum, - n.; neck, 6 nec (1): to kill, slay, put to death, 9
comprehend, -ere, -d, -sum: grasp, seize, 3 novem: nine, 3
contus, -s m.: attempt, effort, 7 novus, -a, -um: new, 4
crs, crris n.: leg, 1 pals, paldis f.: swamp, marsh, 3
deinde: then, thereupon, 8 prehend, -ere, -hend, -hnsum: seize, 5
dexter, -tra, -trum: right (hand); favorable, 1 quamquam: although, 4
di: a long time, long, 13 quotins: as often as, 2
exorior, -orr, -ortus sum: arise from, rise, 2 redd, ere, did, -dditum: give back, return, 4
fax, facis f.: torch, firebrand, 2 sagitta, -ae f.: arrow, 10
frustr: in vain, for nothing, 13 sanguis, sanguinis m.: blood, 6
Hydra, -ae f.: Hydra, 5 sinistra, -ae f.: left hand, 1
ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 succd, -ere, -cd, -csum: cut down or off, 1
imbu, -uere, -bu, -btum: wet, soak, 2 tlis, -e: such, 6
inveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: find, discover 8 unde: whence, from which source, 6
Iolus, - m.: Iolaus, 1
ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 liber (1): to set free, release, 6
altus, -a, -um: high, lofty, tall, 2 occurr, -ere: run into, meet, attack, 2
aper, arp m.: wild boar, 3 perterre, -re: frighten, terrify, 5
Arcadia, -ae f.: Arcadia, 2 proici, -icere, -ic, -iectum: throw forth, 4
difficults, -ttis f.: difficulty, 7 refugi, -ere, -fg: flee back, 5
Erymanthius, -a, -um: of Erymanthus, 1 repugn (1): fight against, oppose, resist, 2
ets: even if, although, though, 13 silva, -ae f.: wood, forest, woodland, 7
extrah, -ere, -trax, -tractum: draw out, 2 simul: at the same time; at once, together, 10
fortiter: bravely, 2 suscipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: undertake, 14
fossa, -ae f.: ditch, trench, 3 terre, -re, -u, territum: to terrify, scare, 5
incola, -ae m.: inhabitant, 7 vast (1): lay waste, 2
inici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: throw in or upon, 2 vr: in truth, in fact, certainly, 5
laqueus, - m.: noose, 1 vvus, -a, -um: living, alive, 4
1 ill tempore: in; abl. of time when 5 simul atque: as soon as; the same time as
4 profectus est: pf. dep. proficiscor, translate 6 altam: deep
in the pf. active 7 attulerat: pf. affer
paulum: adverbial acc. 8 ets: although
progressus est: pf. dep. progredior nll mod: in no way; abl. of manner
apr: dat. obj. of a compound verb 9 reltus est: pf. pass. re-fer
25. HERCULES AT THE CENTAUR'S CAVE
D quart labre, quem supr narrvimus, haec etiam trduntur. 1
Herculs dum iter in Arcadiam facit, ad eam reginem vnit quam
centaur incolbant. Cum nox iam appeteret, ad spluncam dvertit
in qu centaurus qudam, nmine Pholus, habitbat.
Ille Herculem benign excpit et cnam parvit. At Herculs 5
postquam cenvit, vnum Phol postulvit. Erat autem in
spelunc magna amphora vn optim replta, quam centaur ibi
dposuerant. Pholus igitur hoc vnum dare nolbat, quod reliqus
centaurs timbat; nllum tamen vnum praeter hoc in spelunc
habbat. "Hoc vnum," inquit, "mihi commissum est. S igitur hoc 10
dab, centaur m interficient." Herculs tamen eum irrsit, et ipse
pculum vn d amphor hausit.
absum, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take away, 1 rtus, -a, -um: angry, 5
aditus, -s m.: approach, access, entrance, 2 icundus, -a, -um: pleasant, sweet, 1
amphora, -ae f.: amphora, jar, 3 ntus, -a, -um: known, familiar, 3
aperi, -re, -u, -ertus: open, disclose, 3 odor, odris m.: smell, odor, 2
arde, -re, ars, arsum: be on fire, burn, 3 lim: once, formerly, 10
arma, -rum n.: arms, equipment, tools, 6 pet, petere, petv, pettum: seek, aim at, 10
bib, -ere, bib: drink, 4 Pholus, - m.: Pholus, 6
conici, -ere, -ic: throw together, throw, take rapi, -ere, rapu, raptum: to seize, snatch, 5
oneself, 13 sagitta, -ae f.: arrow, 10
conveni, -re, vn, ventum: come together 8 sanguis, sanguinis m.: blood, 6
diffund, -ere, -fd, -fsum: pour out, 1 suvis, -e: sweet, pleasant, 1
fax, facis f.: torch, firebrand, 2 sustine, -re, u, -tentum: hold up, endure, 7
fortis, -e: strong, brave, valiant, 5 tergum, - n.: back, 8
fuga, -ae f.: flight, haste, exile, speed, 6 undique: from everywhere, from all sides, 7
Hydra, -ae f.: Hydra, 5 vennum, - n.: poison, 7
imbu, -uere, -bu, -btum: wet, soak, 2 vert, -ere, vert, versum: to turn, 4
impetus, -s m.: attack, onset, assault, 9 vulner (1): wound, injure, 7
1 Simul atque: as soon as; at the same time rdents: pres. pple rde
as in: at or against in context of fighting
4 rt: angered; predicate nominative 8 eaedem: the same; the suffix -dem does
5 bibentem: pres. pple bib not decline, but eae- modifies sagittae
7 fortissim: very; superlative adverb 10 reliqu: the remaining (centaurs)
sustinbat: was holding off 11 fug: in flight; abl. of mean
Facs: acc. pl. fax peti(v)runt: syncopated pf. pet
27. THE FATE OF PHOLUS
Postquam reliqu fgrunt, Pholus ex splunc gressus est, et 1
corpora spectbat erum qu sagitts interfect erant. Magnopere
autem mirtus est quod tam lev vulnere exanimti erant, et causam
eius re quaerbat. Adiit igitur locum ubi cdaver cuiusdam
centaur iacbat, et sagittam vulnere trxit. Haec tamen sve cs 5
sve cnsili derum manibus eius lapsa est, et pedem leviter
vulnervit. Ille extempl dolrem gravem per omnia membra
snsit, et post breve tempus v venn exanimtus est. Mox
Herculs, qu reliqus centaurs sectus erat, ad spluncam rediit,
et magn cum dolre Pholum mortuum vdit. Mults cum lacrims 10
corpus amic ad sepultram dedit; tum, postquam alterum pculum
vn exhausit, somn s dedit.
acer, acris, acre: sharp; fierce, keen, 1 imper (1): order, command, 12
aneus, -a, -um: of bronze, 3 lacus, -s m.: lake, 3
r, aris n.: air, 7 lmus, - m.: mud, 1
appropinqu (1): come near, approach, 8 linter, lintris f.: boat, skiff, 3
aqua, -ae f.: water, 11 maxim: especially, very greatly, 5
avis, avis f.: bird, 4 nec (1): to kill, slay, put to death, 9
vol (1): to fly away, 2 numerus, - m.: number, multitude, 7
car, carnis f.: flesh, meat, 4 oppidum, - n.: town, 4
col, -ere, colu, cultum: cultivate, cherish, 3 perterre, -re: frighten, terrify, 5
contus, -s m.: attempt, effort, 7 ps, pedis m.: foot, 8
const, -stre, -stit, -stitum: stand together, pet, petere, petv, pettum: seek, aim at, 10
it is agreed, 6 procul: from afar, from a distance, 5
consm, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take, spend 9 rostrum, - n.: beak, 1
crepitus, -s m.: rattle, clatter, 1 sagitta, -ae f.: arrow, 10
crepundia, -rum n.: rattle, 1 Stymphalis, -idis: of Stymphalus, 1
dsist, -ere, -stit, -stitum: desist, stop, 5 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8
faber, fabr m.: smith, engineer, 2 trnsfg, -fgere, -fx, -fxum: pierce, 4
fabricor, -r, -tus sum: make, fashion, 1 vescor, vesc: to feed on, eat (+ abl.) 3
facults, -ttis f.: ability, opportunity, 5 Volcnus, - m.: Vulcan, 13
frustr: in vain, for nothing, 13
appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 imper (1): order, command, 12
appropinqu (1): come near, approach, 8 incolumis, -e: inscathed, uninjured, safe, 7
conscend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: climb aboard, 6 nauta, -ae f.: sailor, 3
consequor, -, sectus: follow after; pursue, 3 navig (1): to sail, 5
contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 occup (1): occupy, seize, 8
corior, -orr, -ortus sum: to arise, 4 paene: almost, nearly, 8
corn, -s n.: horn, 2 praeda, -ae f.: plunder, spoils, 2
Crta, -ae f.: Crete, 3 prehend, -ere, -hend, -hnsum: seize, 5
cursus, -s m.: course, running, haste, 10 quamquam: although, 4
deinde: then, thereupon, 8 recipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: take back, 8
dpon, -ere, -su, -situm: put down or aside9 taurus, - m.: bull, 7
doce, -re, -u, -ctus: teach, tell, 9 tene, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13
ets: even if, although, though, 13 terre, -re, -u, territum: to terrify, scare, 5
ferx, -cis: fierce, savage, 1 trah, -ere, trx, tractum: to draw, drag, 6
Graecia, -ae f.: Greece, 7 tranquillits, -ttis f.: calm, tranquility, 2
haudququam: not at all, in no way, 2 vast (1): lay waste, 2
idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 ventus, - m.: wind, 10
impertus, -a, -um: inexperienced, 1 vvus, -a, -um: living, alive, 4
affici, -ere, -fc, -: influence, affect 13 laetitia, -ae f.: joy, happiness, 3
antea: before, earlier, formerly, previously, 7 maximus, -a, -um: greatest, 9
Argolicus, -a, -um: of Argolis, 1 meritus, -a, -um: deserved, due, just, 4
cadver, -eris n.: corpse, dead body, 3 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7
car, carnis f.: flesh, meat, 4 mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14
celerits, -ttis f.: speed, quickness, 7 nanciscor, nancisc, nactus: attain, meet, 7
commttio, -tinis f.: change, 2 navig (1): to sail, 5
conloc (1): place together, 1 nec (1): to kill, slay, put to death, 9
contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 nl, nlle, nlu: notwish, be unwilling 12
Crta, -ae f.: Crete, 3 nunti (1): announce, 3
crucitus, -s m.: torture, 2 obici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: throw or cast at, 3
crdlis, -e: cruel, bitter, bloody, 6 occup (1): occupy, seize, 8
decor (1): to adorn, distinguish, 2 r (1): pray (for), entreat, beseech, 5
deinde: then, thereupon, 8 peregrnus, - m.: stranger, foreigner, 1
Dimds, -is m.: Diomedes, 3 portus, -s m.: harbort, port, 3
equus, - m.: horse, 7 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11
expn, -ere, -su, -situm: set out, explain 7 praemium, i n.: reward, 5
grtia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 redc, -ere, -x, -ctus: lead or bring back, 11
honor, -ris m.: honor, glory; offering, 4 supplicium, -i n.; punishment, supplication, 5
idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 suscipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: undertake, 14
incol, -ere, -u: inhabit, 4 Thrcia, -ae f.: Thrace, 3
ra, rae f.: anger, 12 vescor, vesc: to feed on, eat (+ abl.) 3
adhibe, -re, -u, -itum: to apply, hold to, 4 gns, gentis f.: clan, race, nation, herd, 4
Admta, -ae f.: Admeta, 1 Hippolyt, -s f.: Hippolyte, 4
Amzons, -um f.: Amazon, 7 infer, -ferre, -tul, -ltus: bring on, wage, 3
aude, -re, ausus sum: to dare, 1 mand (1): to entrust, give, commit, 2
balteus, -e m.: belt, girdle, 5 Mars, Martis m.: Mars, 1
bellum, -, n.: war, 6 maximus, -a, -um: greatest, 9
celeber, -bris, -bre: frequented, celebrated, 2 mlitris, -e: military, warlike, 3
cg, cgere, -g, -ctum: collect, compel, 5 mulier, mulieris f.: woman, 3
committ, -mittere, -ms: commit, entrust, 6 multitd, -tdinis f.: multitude, 2
const, -stre, -stit, -stitum: stand together, nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
it is agreed, 6 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11
conveni, -re, vn, ventum: come together 8 posside, -re, possd, possessum: possess 1
copia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 regna, -ae f.: queen, 2
cupi, -ere, -v, -tum: desire, long for, 4 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6
dlig, -ere, -lg, -lectum: choose, select, 6 sus, ss m.: use, employment, 3
dmitt, -ere, -ms, -missus: send away, vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
let go, 8 virts, -tis f.: valor, manhood, excellence, 10
flia, -iae f.: daughter, 20
acis, - f.: sharp edge, battle line, army, 3 hostis, -is m./f.: stranger, enemy, foe, 5
Amzons, -um f.: Amazon, 7 idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12
appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 instru, -ere, -x, -uctum: equip, draw up, 6
balteus, -e m.: belt, girdle, 5 intervallum, - n.: interval, distance, 2
bellum, -, n.: war, 6 neg (1): to deny, say thatnot, 3
castra, -rum n.: camp, 1 nunti (1): announce, 3
conscend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: climb aboard, 6 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
copia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 stium, -i n.: mouth, entrance, 3
dlig, -ere, -lg, -lectum: choose, select, 6 persude, -re, -sus, -susum: persuade, 9
doce, -re, -u, -ctus: teach, tell, 9 posc, -ere, popsc: ask, demand, 1
dc, -ere, -dx, -ductum: lead out, draw, 3 proximus, -a, -um: nearest, next, 5
voc (1): call out, challenge, 1 pugna, -ae f.: fight, 2
expn, -ere, -su, -situm: set out, explain 7 quoque: also, 1
fma, -ae f.: fame, reputation, report, rumor 7 tempt (1): to attempt; attack; test, probe, 1
fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 Thermdn, -dontis m.: Thermodon, 1
fortna, -ae f.: fortune, chance, luck, 3 virts, -tis f.: valor, manhood, excellence, 10
Hippolyt, -s f.: Hippolyte, 4
admitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: admit, allow, 1 nec: and not, nor, 10
Amzons, -um f.: Amazon, 7 neu: nor, and not, 1
cohortor, -hortr, -horttus: encourage, 2 neuter, neutra, neutrum: neither, 1
committ, -mittere, -ms: commit, entrust, 6 novus, -a, -um: new, 4
contr: against (+ acc.), 7 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14
ddecus, ddecoris n.: dishonor, disgrace, 1 opni, -inis f.: opinion, reputation, 6
dspr (1): to despair, give up, 4 plus, - m.: stake, 2
duo, duae, duo: two, 10 perturb (1): to trouble, greatly disturb, 2
rig, -ere, -rx, -rectum: raise up, lift, 1 praest, -stre, -stit: stand in front, show, 6
exercitus, -s m.: army, 2 prstinus, -a, -um: former, 1
fortis, -e: strong, brave, valiant, 5 proelium, -i n.: battle, 4
fortiter: bravely, 2 pugna, -ae f.: fight, 2
fortna, -ae f.: fortune, chance, luck, 3 redintegr (1): make whole again, renew, 1
fuga, -ae f.: flight, haste, exile, speed, 6 retine, -re, -u, -tentum: hold/keep back, 3
genus, -eris n.: birth, race; kind, family, 2 signum, - n.: sign, signal, 2
hostis, -is m./f.: stranger, enemy, foe, 5 sustine, -re, u, -tentum: hold up, endure, 7
impetus, -s m.: attack, onset, assault, 9 trnse, -re, -i (v), itus: pass (by), 10
initium, - n.: beginning, entrance, 1 vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
inter: between, among (+ acc.), 10 verbum, - n.: word, speech, 4
memoria, -ae f.: memory, 4 virts, -tis f.: valor, manhood, excellence, 10
mls, mlitis m.: soldier, 2 vulnus, -eris n.: wound, blow, 6
mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14
1 neutr: neither; nom. pl. subj. neuter 6 nov genere: by the new type
2 trnseund: gen. sg. gerund (-ing), 9 utsustinrent: ind. command
trns-e 11 quibus verbs: with these words; which
3 trnsiit: pf. trns-e 12 utredintegrrent: that; result clause,
4 fortissim: superlative adv. impf. subj.
sustinrunt: held off confect essent: plpf. pass. subj. in a
5 utoccderint: that; pf. subj. in a result rel. clause of characteristic
clause, translate as pf. indicative
35. THE DEFEAT OF THE AMAZONS
Di et acriter pugntum est; tandem tamen ad slis occsum tanta 1
commutti rrum facta est ut muliers terga verterent et fug
saltem peterent. Multae autem vulneribus defssae dum fugiunt
captae sunt, in qu numer ipsa erat Hippolyt. Herculs summam
clementiam praestitit, et postquam balteum accpit, liberttem 5
omnibus captvs dedit. Tum vr socis ad mare rdxit, et quod
nn multum aesttis supererat, in Graeciam proficsc maturvit.
Nvem igitur cnscendit, et tempesttem idneam nactus statim
solvit; antequam tamen in Graeciam pervnit, ad urbem Troiam
nvem appellere cnstituit, frmentum enim quod scum habbat 10
iam dficere coeperat.
1 pugntum est: they fought; it was fought, 4 Hippolyt: Greek 1st decl. nominative sg.
an impersonal passive is often translated in 6 vr: in fact; adverb
the active in English, supply a subject 7 multum aesttis: much of the summer;
ad: near partitive gen.
2 utpeterent: that; result, impf. subj. supererat: remained; impf. supersum
fug: in flight; abl. means proficisc: dep. inf. proficiscor
3 Multae: many (Amazons) 8 nactus: having obtained; dep. nancscor
vulneribus: abl. means 9 solvit: set sail
36. LAOMEDON AND THE SEA-MONSTER
Lamedon qudam ill tempore rgnum Troiae obtinbat. Ad hunc 1
Neptnus et Apoll ann superire vnerant, et cum Troia nndum
moenia habret, ad hoc opus auxilium obtulerant. Postquam tamen
hrum auxili moenia cnfecta sunt, nlbat Lomedn praemium
quod prposuerat persolvere. 5
Neptnus igitur et Apoll ob hanc causam rt mnstrum
quoddam mserunt speci horribil, quod cotdie mar venibat et
homins pecudsque vorbat. Troin autem timre perterrit in
urbe continbantur, et pecora omnia ex agrs intr murs
compulerant. Lomedn hs rbus commtus rculum cnsuluit, 10
ac deus e praecpit ut fliam Hsinen mnstr obiceret.
1 ill tempore: at; abl. time when 3rd decl. i-stem abl. adjective
2 ann superire: in the previous year 10 commtus: upset; troubled, PPP, as
cumhabret: since; causal in sense often, to move emotionally, not physically
3 ad: for; expressing purpose 11 e praecpit: instructed him; ordered
7 speci horribil: of; abl. of quality, utobiceret: ind. command, impf.
37. THE RESCUE OF HESIONE
Lamedn, cum hoc respnsum renntitum esset, magnum dolrem 1
percpit; sed tamen, ut cvs sus tant percul lberret, rcul parre
constituit et diem sacrifici dxit. Sed sve cs sve cnsili derum
Herculs tempore opportnissim Troiam attigit; ips enim temporis
pnct qu puella catns vncta ad ltus dducbtur ille nvem appulit. 5
Herculs nv gressus d rbus quae gerbantur certior factus est; tum
r commtus ad regem s contulit et auxilium suum obtulit. Cum rx
libenter e concessisset ut, s posset, puellam liberret, Herculs
mnstrum interfcit; et puellam, quae iam omnem spem saltis
dposuerat, incolumem ad patrem redxit. Lomedn magn cum gaudi 10
fliam suam accpit, et Hercul pr tant benefici meritam grtiam
rettulit.
appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 meritus, -a, -um: deserved, due, just, 4
atting, -ere, -tig, -tctum: touch at, reach, 3 offer, -ferre, -tul, -ltum: offer, present 5
beneficium, - n.: benefit, favor; kindness, 8 opportnus, -a, -um: suitable, convenient, 2
csus, -s m.: misfortune, accident, event, 8 rculum, - n.: oracle, 11
catna, -ae f.: chain, 2 pare, -re, paru: obey, 3
certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 pater, patris, m.: father, 12
cvis, -is m/f: citizen, fellow citizen, 5 percipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: feel perceive 5
concd, -ere; go away, withdraw, yield, 1 pr: before, in front of, for, 9
ddc, -ere: lead or bring down, launch, 10 puella, -ae f.: girl, 8
dpon, -ere, -su, -situm: put down or aside9 punctum, - n.: point, instant, moment, 1
gaudium, -i n.: gladness, joy, 9 redc, -ere, -x, -ctus: lead or bring back, 11
grtia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 renunti, (1): report, announce, 2
incolumis, -e: inscathed, uninjured, safe, 7 responde, -re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13
ra, rae f.: anger, 12 sve: or if, whether if, 6
Lamedon, -ontis m.: Laomedon, 5 Troia, -ae f.: Troy, 9
libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 vinci, -re, vnx, vnctus: bind, tie, 4
liber (1): to set free, release, 6
1 cumrennittum esset: plpf. pass. subj., 6 gressus: having stepped out; i.e. having
translates as a plpf. indicative disembarked dep. pf.
2 utlberret: so that; purpose quae gerbantur: which were being
tant percul: from; abl. of separation carried out; the antecedent is rbus
with impf. subj. of liber certior factus est: were made more certain;
parre: to obey; governs a dat. object i.e. were informed; commom idiom in
3 diemdxit: appointed the day Caesar; certior is a pred. adj. in the
sacrifici: for; dat. of purpose comparative degree
svesve: whetheror 7 s contulit: carried himself; pf. confer
cs: by chance; abl. of cause 8 concessisset: had yielded to him
cnsil: by the plan; abl. of cause utliberret: so that he might free;
4 opportnissim: most opportune; i.e. purpose
most timely, abl. time when s posset: if he should be able; impf.
ips pnct: at that very point; at the subj. possum; fut. less vivid condition in
point itself, abl. of time when secondary sequence
5 qu: at which (time); abl. time when 11 pr: for; i.g. in return for
vncta: PPP (pf. pass. pple) vinci 12 rettulit: pf. re-fer
38. 10th LABOR: THE OXEN OF GERYON
Tum vr missus est Herculs ad nsulam Erytham, ut bovs 1
Gryonis arcesseret. Rs erat summae difficulttis, quod bovs
qudam Eurytine et cane bicipite custdibantur. Ipse autem
Gryon speciem horribilem praebbat; tria enim corpora inter s
coniuncta habbat. Herculs tamen ets intellegbat quantum 5
perculum esset, negtium suscpit; ac postquam per mults terrs
iter fcit, ad eam partem Libyae pervnit quae Eurpae proxima
est. Ibi in utrque litore fret quod Eurpam Liby dvidit
columns cnstituit, quae poste Herculis Columnae appellbantur.
admror, -r, tus sum: admire, wonder at, 1 ra, rae f.: anger, 12
arcus, -s m.; bow, 4 libenter: gladly, willingly, 12
audcia, -ae f.: boldness, audacity, 2 linter, lintris f.: boat, skiff, 3
aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 mgnitd, -tdinis f.: size, greatness, 13
calor, -ris m.: heat, 1 moror, -r, -tus sum: delay, linger, 3
ddc, -ere: lead or bring down, launch, 10 nanciscor, nancisc, nactus: attain, meet, 7
Eurytin, -nis m.: Eurytion, 2 nl, nlle, nlu: notwish, be unwilling 12
Gryon, -onis m.: Geryon, 4 pet, petere, petv, pettum: seek, aim at, 10
idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11
incola, -ae m.: inhabitant, 7 que: and, 14
incommodum, - n.: inconvenience, 2 sagitta, -ae f.: arrow, 10
intend, -ere, -nd, -ntum: stretch out, aim, 4 sl, slis m.: sun, 10
inveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: find, discover 8
accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 imber, imbris m.: rain, 1
barbarus, -a, -um: foreign, savage, 1 incommodum, - n.: inconvenience, 2
bellicsus, -a, -um: warlike, 2 Iuppiter, Iovis m.: Jupiter, 8
cad, -ere, cecid, csum: to fall, 1 lapis, -idis m.: stone, 1
caelum, - n.: sky, 4 Liguria, -ae f.: Liguria, 1
cg, cgere, -g, -ctum: collect, compel, 5 long: far, far and wide, 6
compell, -ere, -pul: drive together, 3 nihil: nothing, 14
conici, -ere, -ic: throw together, throw, take numerus, - m.: number, multitude, 7
oneself, 13 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14
consuesc, -ere, -v, -sutum: to accustom, 3 opportnus, -a, -um: suitable, convenient, 2
contine, -re, -nu: hold or keep together, 4 paene: almost, nearly, 8
copia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 prohibe, -re, -hibu: hold back, hinder, 2
dmitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: to drop, 3 quidem: indeed, in fact, assuredly, certainly, 8
dpon, -ere, -su, -situm: put down or aside9 superior, -ius: higher, upper, 3
difficults, -ttis f.: difficulty, 7 tlis, -e: such, 6
fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 telum, - n.: weapon, arrow, spear, 3
gns, gentis f.: clan, race, nation, herd, 4 transport (1): carry over or across, 2
Hispnia, -ae f.: Spain, 1
ag, agere, g, ctum: drive, lead, spend, 13 talia, -ae f.: Italy, 2
Alps, -ium f.: Alps, 1 Ligurs, -um m.: Ligurians, 3
antequam: before, 9 mons, montis m.: mountain, mount, 5
ascend, -ere, -, -nsus: ascend, mount, 3 necesse: necessary, 2
celer, -eris, -ere: swift, quick, 12 nix, nivis f.: snow, 1
citerior, -ius: on this side, on the near side, 1 ob: on account of (acc.), 13
commetus, -s m.: supplies, provisions, 1 oner (1): to load, burden, 2
compar (1): prepare, collect, 4 opni, -inis f.: opinion, reputation, 6
consum, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take, spend 9 pabulum, - n.: food, fodder, pasture, 2
contr: against (+ acc.), 7 perennis, -e: perennial, perpetual, 1
copia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 quartus, -a, -um: one-fourth, 3
difficults, -ttis f.: difficulty, 7 super (1): to overcome, defeat, 3
dvid, -ere, -vs, -vsum: divide, separate, 3 tectum, - n.: roof, house, 1
frmentum, - n.: grain, 4 trdc, -ere, -x, -ctum: lead or bring over, 1
Gallia, -ae f.: Gaul, 1 trnse, -re, -i (v), itus: pass (by), 10
incolumis, -e: inscathed, uninjured, safe, 7 trs, tria: three, 9
inveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: find, discover 8 lterior, -ius: farther, 3
aditus, -s m.: approach, access, entrance, 2 mgi, -re, -v: moo, bellow, 2
mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: lose, let go, 8 natra, -ae. f.: nature, 9
animadvert, -ere: turn mind to, notice, 6 nsquam: nowhere, 1
Ccus, - m.: Cacus, 4 obstru, -ere, -x, -ctum: block, close off 4
celer, -eris, -ere: swift, quick, 12 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11
cl (1): hide, conceal, 5 posterus, -a, -um: following, next, 2
certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 praeda, -ae f.: plunder, spoils, 2
consum, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take, spend 9 recipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: accept, take
decipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: catch, deceive 1 back, 8
dici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: throw/cast down 2 redd, -ere, did, dditum: give back, return, 4
excit (1): excite, rouse, incite, 8 reperi, -re, repper, repertum: find out, 9
fall, -ere, fefell, falsum: deceive, 3 simul: at the same time; at once, together, 10
frustr: in vain, for nothing, 13 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14
furtum, - n.: theft, 1 vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
incld, -ere, -s, -sum: close in, shut in, 7 vestgium, -i n.: track, foot-print, 4
rtus, -a, -um: angry, 5
1 poster di: on; abl. time when 8 hc mod: in; abl. of manner
simul atque: as soon as; as the same certirem fcrunt: mademore certain;
time as i.e. informed, a double acc., comparative
2 misss: lost; PPP (pf. pass. pple) mitt adj. is is an acc. predicate
locs: in; abl. place where qu in loc clt essent: in qu loc;
3 nn modsed: not onlybut plpf. pass. subj., ind. question
quod: because 9 quam celerrim: quam + superlative: as
5 di: of the day; partitive gen., 5th decl. X as possible, here a superlative adverb
bbus: irreg. abl. pl. bs, bovis 10 s contulit: carried himself; pf confer
progred: dep. inf. progredior utreciperet: so thatmight; purpose
6 proficisc: dep. inf. proficiscor 11 utobstruertur: purpose
bbus: irreg. abl. pl. bs, bovis posset: impf. subj. possum (inf. posse)
7 e qu: those who; nom. pl. demonstrative
44. HERCULES AND CACUS
Herculs cum nllum alium introitum reperre posset, hoc saxum 1
movre cntus est, sed propter eius magnitdinem rs erat
difficillima. Di frustr laborbat neque quicquam efficere poterat;
tandem tamen magn cnt saxum movit et speluncam patefcit.
Ibi misss bovs magn cum gaudi conspxit; sed Ccum ipsum 5
vix cernere potuit, quod splunca replta erat fm quem ille mre
su vombat. Herculs insitt specie turbtus breve tempus
haesitbat; mox tamen in spluncam irrpit et collum mnstr
bracchis complexus est. Ille ets multum repugnvit, nll mod
s lberre potuit, et cum nlla facults resprand dartur, mox 10
exanimtus est.
alius, -a, -ud: other, another, else, 9 gaudium, -i n.: gladness, joy, 9
mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: lose, let go, 8 haere, -re, haes: stick, hesitate, linger, 3
move, -re, -mv, -mtum: move away, 5 inrump, -ere, -rp, -ruptum: burst in, 2
bracchium, - n.: arm, 2 introitus, -s m.: entrance, 6
Ccus, - m.: Cacus, 4 insittus, -a, -um: unusual, 1
cern, -ere, crv, crtus: discern, decide, 1 labr (1): work, toil, labor, strive, 2
collum, - n.; neck, 6 liber (1): to set free, release, 6
complector, -plect, -plexus sum: embrace, 3 mgnitd, -tdinis f.: size, greatness, 13
contus, -s m.: attempt, effort, 7 ms, mris m.: custom, manner, law, 6
conspici, -ere, -x, -ectum: catch sight of, 3 patefaci, -ere, -fc, -factum: to lay open, 2
difficilis, -e: hard, difficult, troublesome, 6 propter: on account of, because of, 6
di: a long time, long, 13 quisquam, quidquam: anyone, anything, 4
effici, -ere, -fc, -fectus: make, form, 3 reperi, -re, repper, repertum: find out, 9
ets: even if, although, though, 13 reple, -re, -plv, -pltum: fill again, fill, 4
vom, -ere, -u, -vomitum: vomit forth, 1 repugn (1): fight against, oppose, resist, 2
exanim (1): to kill, exhaust, 9 respr (1): to breathe back, breathe out, 2
facults, -ttis f.: ability, opportunity, 5 turb (1): to confuse, disturb, 2
frustr: in vain, for nothing, 13 vix: with difficulty, with effort, scarcely, 5
fmus, - m.: smoke, 2
antea: before, earlier, formerly, previously, 7 indc, -ere, -x, -ctum: induce, lead in, 2
aufer, -ferre, abstul, -ltum: carry away 11 In, -nis m.: Juno, 3
aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 longinquus, -a, -um: distant, remote, far off, 1
aurum, - n.: gold, 3 mand (1): to entrust, give, commit, 2
centum: hundred, 3 memor (1): to recall, mention, 1
circumd, -are, -ded, -datus: to surround, 1 mrus, - m.: wall, rampart, 4
committ, -mittere, -ms: commit, entrust, 6 namque: for, 2
cnor, cnr, cntus sum: to try, attempt, 7 narr (1): to narrate, relate, 7
cupidits, -ttis f.: desire, passion, 5 nympha, -ae f.: nymph, 2
custodi, -re, -v, -tum: to guard, 4 ob: on account of (acc.), 13
difficilis, -e: hard, difficult, troublesome, 6 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11
difficults, -ttis f.: difficulty, 7 opus, -eris n.: work, deed, toil, 9
diligenter: carefully, diligently, 3 pmum, - n.: fruit, apple, 9
drac, -nis m.: dragon, serpent, 7 porta, -ae f.: gate, 7
forma, -ae, f.: beauty, shape, form, 3 praest, -stre, -stit: stand in front, show, 6
Gryon, -onis m.: Geryon, 4 praetere: besides, moreover, 3
Hesperids, -um f.: Hesperides, 5 situs, -a, -um: situated, place, 2
hortus, - m.: garden, 7 supr: above, before, 6
ignr (1): not know, be ignorant, 5 undecimum: eleven, 1
imper (1): order, command, 12 undique: from everywhere, from all sides, 7
impon, -ere, -posu, -positus: place on, 7
2 parre to obey; governs a dat. obj. 9 ita trditum est: so it has been reported
simul ac: as soon as ndcideret: neg. purpose clause
7 orbis terrrum: of the world; sphere of 10 vrs: acc. pl. vs
lands a very common phrase for earth mirtus: having marveled at; dep. PPP
8 nmine: by name; abl. of respect 11 docuisset: plpf. subj. cum-clause
ingent magnitdine: of; abl. of quality
47. HERCULES BEARS UP THE HEAVENS
Atls autem Hercul maxim prdesse potuit; ille enim cum ipse 1
esset pater Hesperidum, cert scvit qu in loc esset hortus.
Postquam igitur audvit quam ob causam Herculs vnisset, "Ipse,"
inquit, "ad hortum b et filibus mes persuadb ut pma su
sponte trdant." Herculs cum haec audret, magnopere gvsus est; 5
vim enim adhibere nluit, s rs aliter fier posset. Cnstituit igitur
obltum auxilium accipere. Atls tamen postulvit ut, dum ipse
abesset, Herculs caelum umers sustinret. Hoc autem negtium
Hercules libenter suscpit, et quamquam rs erat summ labris,
totum pondus cael continus complurs dis solus sustinbat. 10
absum, -esse, fu: to be away, be absent, 7 negtium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13
adhibe, -re, -u, -itum: to apply, hold to, 4 nl, nlle, nlu: notwish, be unwilling 12
aliter: otherwise, in another way, 3 ob: on account of (acc.), 13
Atls, -antis m.: Atlas, 8 offer, -ferre, -tul, -ltum: offer, present 5
caelum, - n.: sky, 4 pater, patris, m.: father, 12
certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 persude, -re, -sus, -susum: persuade, 9
complrs, -plra: several, many, 1 pmum, - n.: fruit, apple, 9
continuus, -a, -um: continuous, successive, 2 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11
e, re, i (v), itrus: go, 3 prsum, prdesse, prfu: profit, benefit, 6
gaude, -re, gvsus sum: enjoy, rejoice, 4 quamquam: although, 4
Hesperids, -um f.: Hesperides, 5 sponte: of ones own will, voluntarily, 2
hortus, - m.: garden, 7 suscipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: undertake, 14
inquam, inquis, inquit: to say, 6 sustine, -re, u, -tentum: hold up, endure, 7
libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 umerus, - m.: shoulder, 3
maxim: especially, very greatly, 5
1 prdesse: inf. prsum, governs a dat. obj. su sponte: by their own will
cumesset: since; causal in sense, impf. 5 gvsus est: rejoiced; pf. dep.; gaude is
subj. semi-deponent (deponent in pf. tenses)
2 cert: for sure, in fact; adverb 6 vim: acc. sg. vs
qu in loc: in qu loc fier: to be done; inf. fi which can be
esset: impf. subj. sum, ind. question employed as the passive of faci
3 quam ob causam: for what reason 7 obltum: offered; PPP of-fer
vnisset: plpf. subj., ind. question ut...sustinret: ind. command
4 b: 1st sg. fut. e, re 8 abesset: impf. subj. ab-sum
filibus: irreg. dat. pl. obj. ind. obj. 9 summ labris: of; gen. of desciption
uttrdant: ind. command governed by 10 continusdis: for; acc. of duration
persuadb; pres. subj trd
48. THE RETURN OF ATLAS
Atls intere abierat et ad hortum Hesperidum, qu pauca milia 1
passuum aberat, s quam celerrim contulerat. E cum vnisset,
causam veniend expsuit et flis sus vehementer horttus est ut
pma trderent. Illae di haerbant; nlbant enim hoc facere,
quod ab ips Iunone (ita ut ante dictum est) hoc mnus accpissent. 5
Atls tamen aliquando es persusit ut sibi parrent, et pma ad
Herculem rettulit. Herculs intere cum plrs dis exspectvisset
neque llam fmam d redit Atlantis accpisset, hc mor graviter
commtus est. Tandem quint di Atlantem vdit redeuntem, et
mox magn cum gaudi pma accpit; tum, postquam grtis pr 10
tant benefici git, ad Graeciam proficisc maturvit.
abe, -re, -i, -itus: go away, go off, depart, 6 In, -nis m.: Juno, 3
absum, -esse, fu: to be away, be absent, 7 matur (1): to hasten, ripen, 7
aliquand: sometimes, at some time, 1 mlle (pl. mlia): thousand, 7
ante: before, in front of (acc.); adv. before, 5 mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14
Atls, -antis m.: Atlas, 8 mnus, mneris n.: service, gift, duty, 1
beneficium, - n.: benefit, favor; kindness, 8 nl, nlle, nlu: notwish, be unwilling 12
celer, -eris, -ere: swift, quick, 12 pare, -re, paru: obey, 3
expn, -ere, -su, -situm: set out, explain 7 passus, -s: pace, 7
fma, -ae f.: fame, reputation, report, rumor 7 persude, -re, -sus, -susum: persuade, 9
gaudium, -i n.: gladness, joy, 9 pls, plris: more, many, 1
Graecia, -ae f.: Greece, 7 pmum, - n.: fruit, apple, 9
grtia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 pr: before, in front of, for, 9
haere, -re, haes, haesrum: stick, cling, 3 quintus, -a, -um: fifth, 1
Hesperids, -um f.: Hesperides, 5 reditus, -s m.: return, 5
hortor, -r, -tus sum: to encourage, urge, 4 llus, -a, -um: any, 3
hortus, - m.: garden, 7 vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
intere: meanwhile, 7
1 trduntur: are reported; pres. pass. originally pf. ind., made plpf. subj.
Ut: when; as often with indicative volbat: was (Charon) willing
3 Huius reginis: gen. sg. with rex quam ob causam: for which reason
4 cui: whose; dat. of possession 12 ms erat: it was the customto
6 qu: by which; abl. of means e cnsili, ut: with this purpose
7 necesse erat: it was necessary; impersonal (namely) that; purpose clause
possent: were able; subj. of ideal limit 13 triectus: (when) sent across; PPP
9 ad: near, at 14 Equ: those who
10 pr: (in return) for 16 licbat: it would be allowed; iterative
11 nisidedisset: if he had not given; or customary impf.
protasis in a simple past condition,
51. THE REALM OF PLUTO
Ut autem mns Stygem hc mod trnsierant, ad alterum 1
venibant flmen, quod Lth appellbtur. Ex hc flmine aquam
bibere cogbantur; quod cum fcissent, rs omns in vt gests
memori dponbant. Denique ad sedem ipsus Pltnis venibant,
cuius introitus cane Cerber custdibatur. Ibi Plt nigr vestt 5
indtus cum uxre Proserpin in soli sdbat. Stbant etiam nn
procul ab e loc tria alia slia, in quibus sdbant Mns,
Rhadamanthus, Aeacusque, idics apud nfers. H mortus is
dicbant et praemia poensque cnstitubant. Bon enim in
Camps Elysis, sdem betrum, venibant; improb autem in 10
Tartarum mittbantur ac mults et varis supplicis ibi
excrucibantur.
1 Ut: When; ut + indicative, transe 6 stbant: subj. is neuter pl. tria slia
3 rsgests: all matters carried out 8 is dicbant: dispensed justice
5 cuius: of which; gen. qu, quae, quod 10 Camps Elysis: Elysian Fields
52. HERCULES CROSSES THE STYX
Herculs postquam imperia Eurysthe accpit, in Lacniam ad 1
Taenarum statim s contulit; ibi enim splunca erat ingent
magnitdine, per quam, ut trdbtur, homins ad Orcum
dscendbant. E cum vnisset, ex incols quaesvit qu in loc
splunca illa sita esset; quod cum cognvisset, sine mor 5
dscendere cnstituit. Nec tamen slus hoc iter facibat, Mercrius
enim et Minerva s e socis adiunxerant. Ubi ad rpam Stygis
vnit, Herculs scapham Charontis cnscendit, ut ad ulterirem
rpam trnsret. Cum tamen Herculs vir esset ingent magnitdine
corporis, Charn solvere nlbat; magnopere enim verbtur n 10
scapha sua tant pondere onerta in medi flmine mergertur.
Tandem tamen, mins Herculis territus, Charn scapham solvit, et
eum incolumem ad ulterirem rpam perdxit.
adiung, -ere, -iunx, -iunctum: join to, 2 nl, nlle, nlu: notwish, be unwilling 12
Charn, -ontis m.: Charon, 5 oner (1): to load, burden, 2
conscend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: climb aboard, 6 Orcus, - m.: Orcus, underworld, 11
dscend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: descend, 4 perdc, -ere, -x, -ctum: lead through, 4
imperium, -i n.: power to command, rule, 2 pondus, ponderis n.: weight, 2
incola, -ae m.: inhabitant, 7 rpa, -ae f.: bank, shore, 7
incolumis, -e: inscathed, uninjured, safe, 7 scapha, -ae f.: boat, skiff, 4
Lacnia, -ae f.: Laconia, Sparta, 1 situs, -a, -um: situated, place, 2
mgnitd, -tdinis f.: size, greatness, 13 slus, -a, -um: alone, only, lone, sole, 6
medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10 Styx, Stygis f.: Styx, 6
Mercurius, - m.: Mercury, 8 Taenarus, - m.: Taenarus, 1
merg, mergere, mers, mersum: to sink, 3 terre, -re, -u, territum: to terrify, scare, 5
minae, -rum f.: threads, 1 trnse, -re, -i (v), itus: pass (by), 10
Minerva, -ae f.: Minerva, 4 lterior, -ius: farther, 3
mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14 vereor, -r, -itus: be afraid, fear; revere, 5
nec: and not, nor, 10
2 s contulit: carried themselves; i.e. quod cum: which when; relative clause
betook himself, pf. confer 7 e: to him; dat. of compound verb
ingent magnitdine: of; abl. of quality; socis: as comrades; predicative
3rd decl. i-stem abl. 8 uttrnsret: so thatmight; impf. subj.
3 ut: as; ut + indicative trnse in a purpose clause
4 E: to there; ibi is there; inde is from 10 solvere: to set sail
there; and e to there verbtur: impf. dep. vereor
qu in loc: in qu loc nmergertur: thatmight sink; clause
5 esset: impf. subj. sum, ind. question of fearing, translate positively
53. THE LAST LABOR IS ACCOMPLISHED
Postquam flmen Stygem hc mod trnsiit, Herculs in sdem ipsus 1
Pltnis vnit; et postquam causam veniend docuit, ab e petivit ut
Cerberum auferre sibi licret. Plt, qu d Hercule fmam acceperat,
eum benign excpit, et faculttem quam ille petbat libenter dedit.
Postulvit tamen ut Herculs ipse, cum imperta Eurysthe fcisset, 5
Cerberum in Orcum rrsus redceret. Herculs hoc pollicitus est, et
Cerberum, quem nn sine magn pericul manibus prehenderat, summ
cum labre ex Orc in lcem et ad urbem Eurysthe trxit. E cum
vnisset, tantus timor animum Eurysthe occupvit ut ex tri statim
refgerit; cum autem paulum s ex timre recpisset, mults cum lacrims 10
obsecrvit Herculem ut mnstrum sine mor in Orcum redceret. Sc
contr omnium opninem duodecim ill labrs qus Pythia praecperat
intr duodecim anns confect sunt; quae cum ita essent, Herculs
servitte tandem libertus magn cum gaudi Thbs rediit.
1 hc mod: in this way; abl. manner 9 utrefgerit: that; result; unusual with
trnsiit: pf. trnse pf. subj., translate in the perfect tense
2 veniend: gen. sg. gerund (-ing) 10 paulum: a little; adverbial acc.
petivit ut: asked that; ind. command s recpisset: had retreated; idiom
3 licret: it be allowed; impersonal impf. 11 utredceret: ind. command
4 excpit: welcomed 12 praecperat: had instructed
5 utredceret: thatlead back; ind. 13 quae cum...essent: Since these things
command; impf. subjunctive were so; i.e. as a result,
6 pollicitus est: promised; pf. dep. 14 servitte: from; abl. of separation
8 E: to there Thbs: to Thebes
rediit: pf. red-e
54. THE CENTAUR NESSUS
Poste Herculs multa alia praeclara perfcit, quae nunc perscribere 1
longum est. Tandem iam aette prvectus Dianram, Oene fliam, in
matrimnium dxit; post tamen trs anns accidit ut puerum quendam,
cui nmen erat Eunomus, cs occderit. Cum autem ms esset, ut s quis
hominem cs occdisset, in exsilium ret, Herculs cum uxre sua 5
fnibus eius civittis exre matrvit. Dum tamen iter faciunt, ad flmen
quoddam pervnrunt in qu nllus pns erat; et dum quaerunt qunam
mod flmen trnseant, accurrit centaurus Nessus, qu vitribus
auxilium obtulit. Herculs igitur uxrem suam in tergum Ness impsuit;
tum ipse flmen trnvit. Nessus autem paulum in aquam prgressus ad 10
rpam subit revertbtur et Deanram auferre conbtur. Quod cum
animadvertisset Herculs, ira graviter commtus arcum intendit et pectus
Ness sagitt trnsfxit.
abripi, -ere, -ripu, -reptum: snatch away 2 malus, -a, -um: bad, 3
abscind, -ere, -scid, -scissum: tear off, 1 membrum, - n.: limb, member, 10
affer, -ferre, attul, alltum: carry to bring 5 mror, -r, -tus: to wonder, be amazed at, 7
celerits, -ttis f.: speed, quickness, 7 misericordia, -ae f.: pity, compassion, 1
circumst, -re, -stet: stand around, 1 mons, montis m.: mountain, mount, 5
cnor, cnr, cntus sum: to try, attempt, 7 nihil: nothing, 14
dmum: at length, finally, 3 nbs, -is f.: cloud, 1
densus, -a, -um: thick, 2 obscr (1): hide, conceal, 1
dtrah, -ere, -ax, -actum: draw away/off, 2 Olympus, - m.: Olympus, 1
di: a long time, long, 13 r (1): pray (for), entreat, beseech, 5
exanim (1): to kill, exhaust, 9 paene: almost, nearly, 8
exstru, -ere, -ux, -ctum: build, heap up, 1 pastor, pastoris m.: shepherd, 2
fmus, - m.: smoke, 2 quasi: as if, 4
furor, -ris m.: rage, fury, madness, 4 recs (1): refuse, give a reason against, 1
haere, -re, haes, haesrum: stick, cling, 3 rogus, - m.: pyre, 2
ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 subd, -ere, -did, -ditum: put under, apply, 1
impell, ere, -pul, -pulsum: drive on, incite3 succend, -ere, -cend, -censum: kindle, 1
impon, -ere, -posu, -positus: place on, 7 suspic, -re, -v, -tum: suspect, mistrust, 7
indc, -ere, -x, -ctum: induce, lead in, 2 llus, -a, -um: any, 3
indu, -ere, indu, indtum: put on, 8 vel (1): to veil, cover, 1
Iuppiter, Iovis m.: Jupiter, 8 vestis, -is f.: clothing, 12
Lichs, -ae m.: Lichas, 3
addc, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 frter, -tris m.: brother, 5
Aesn, -nis m.: Aeson, father of Jason, 4 gaudium, -i n.: gladness, joy, 9
alter, -era, -erum: other (of two), second, 7 morior, mor, mortuus sum: to die, 4
amcus, - m.: friend, 6 mors, mortis, f.: death, 9
appell (1): call (by name), name, 12 nesci, -re, -scv, -sctum: not know, 4
aufer, -ferre, abstul, -ltum: carry away 11 noct: at night, by night, 2
bene: well, 5 obtine, -re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9
cupidits, -ttis f.: desire, passion, 5 lim: once, formerly, 10
duo, duae, duo: two, 10 Pelis, -ae f.: Pelias, 14
ripi, -ere, -u, reptus: tear from, rescue, 2 percipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: feel perceive 5
ets: even if, although, though, 13 posterus, -a, -um: following, next, 2
expell, -ere, -pul, -pulsum: drive out, 3 praebe, -re, -u, -itum: to present, give, 7
fabula, -ae f.: story, 1 renunti, (1): report, announce, 2
fall, -ere, fefell, falsum: deceive, 3 sententia, -ae f.: thought, feeling, opinion, 2
flius, -i m.: son, 10 Thessalia, -ae f.: Thessaly, 4
fing, -ere, finx, fictum: make up, imagine, 1 verus, -a, -um: true, real, 2
accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 numerus, - m.: number, multitude, 7
ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
amcus, - m.: friend, 6 ob: on account of (acc.), 13
mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: lose, let go, 8 occup (1): occupy, seize, 8
apud: among, in the presence of (+ acc.), 9 rculum, - n.: oracle, 11
calceus, - m.: shoe, 3 Pelis, -ae f.: Pelias, 14
cave, -re, cv, cautum: be on guard, 1 Pelis, -ae f.: Pelias, 14
certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 praesentia, -ae f.: the present, 1
consul, consulere, -lu, -ltum: to consult, 3 pueritia, -ae, f.: childhood, 1
Delph, -rum m.: Delphi, oracle of Apollo, 2 responde, -re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13
dmonstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 sacrificium, -i n.: sacrifice, 5
dmitt, -ere, -ms, --: send away, let go, 8 trnse, -re, -i (v), itus: pass (by), 10
fraus, fraudis f.: fraud, deception, 2 undique: from everywhere, from all sides, 7
mone, -re, -u, monitum: to warn, 1 vereor, -r, -itus: be afraid, fear; revere, 5
nesci, -re, -scv, -sctum: not know, 4
1 cumposset: when; impf. subj. 5 ill tempore: at; abl. of time when
possum, translate as impf. indicative Huic: dat. ind. obj. of comissum erat
nll mod: in no way; abl. manner 6 commissum erat: had been entrusted
nnd: abl. absolute, add being, 7 ngtium ut: task, (namely) that
since there is no pple for sum, the subject 8 potrtur: that he possess; ind. command,
and pred. form the absolute without a pple impf. subj. deponent potior governs an abl.
2 quem cum: whom when; the pronoun is magn percul: of; gen. description
part of the cum-clause but often precedes 9 pertrum esse: fut. inf. in ind. disc.
the conjunction cum in transitions 10 cohorttus: having urged; deponent PPP
3 hunc esse: that; acc. subject in ind. disc. quid fer vellet: what he wanted to be
4 demonstrvisset: plpf. subj. in a done; ind. question, impf. subj. vol
relative clause of characteristic 11 difficillimam: superlative, acc. pred.
60. THE BUILDING OF THE GOOD SHIP ARGO
Cum tamen Colchis multrum dirum iter ab e loc abesset, slus 1
Isn proficisc nluit. Dmsit igitur nuntis in omns parts, qu
causam itineris docrent et diem certam conveniend dcerent.
Intere, postquam omnia quae sunt su ad armands nvs
comportr iussit, negtium dedit Arg cuidam, qu summam 5
scientiam nauticrum rrum habbat, ut nvem aedificret. In hs
rbus circiter decem dis consumpt sunt; Argus enim, qu oper
praeerat, tantam diligentiam adhibbat ut n nocturnum quidem
tempus ad labrem intermitteret. Ad multitdinem hominum
trnsportandam nvis paul erat ltior quam quibus in nostr mar 10
t consuvimus, et ad vim tempesttum perferendam tta rbore
facta est.
absum, -esse, fu: to be away, be absent, 7 ltus, -a, -um: wide, broad, 1
adhibe, -re, -u, -itum: to apply, hold to, 4 multitd, -tdinis f.: multitude, 2
aedific (1): make a building, build, 2 nauticus, -a, -um: naval, nautical, 1
Arg, -s f.: Argo, 2 negtium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13
Argus, - m.: Argus, builder of the Argo, 1 nocturnus, -a, -um: nocturnal, 2
arm (1): arm, equip, 4 nl, nlle, nlu: notwish, be unwilling 12
certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 noster, nostra, nostrum: our, 1
circiter: about, around, 1 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
Colchis, -idis f.: Colchis, 4 opus, -eris n.: work, deed, toil, 9
comport (1): carry together, collect, 1 perfer, -ferre, -tul, -ltus: bear, betake, 2
consuesc, -ere, -v, -sutum: to accustom, 3 praesum, -esse, -fu: be before, preside over 2
consum, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take, spend 9 quidem: indeed, in fact, assuredly, certainly, 8
conveni, -re, vn, ventum: come together 8 rbor, rbris n.: oak; strength, 1
decem: ten, 4 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6
diligentia, -ae f.: diligence, attentiveness, 5 slus, -a, -um: alone, only, lone, sole, 6
dmitt, -ere, -ms, --: send away, let go, 8 ttus -a, -um: whole, entire, 14
doce, -re, -u, -ctus: teach, tell, 9 transport (1): carry over or across, 2
intere: meanwhile, 7 sus, ss m.: use, employment, 3
intermitt, -ere: interrupt, break off, 5 tor, t, sum sum: use, employ, enjoy 2
1 iter: a journey of many days; acc. extent n, quidem emphasize an intervening word
3 dcerent: who would appoint; relative utintermitterent: that; result clause
clause of purpose, see line 4 9 ad labrem: for; ad expresses purpose
4 sunt su: are of use; for a use dat. sg. of ad: for transporting; ad + gerundive
purpose, 4th decl. noun sus 10 paul: a little; abl. of degree of difference
adnvs: for arming; for ships to be quam: than; follows a comparative adj.
armed use a gerundive-gerund flip and quibus: (those) which; abl. obj. of t
translate as gerund + acc. direct object 11 t: deponent inf. tor, governs an abl. obj.
6 utaedificret: that; purpose adperferendam: ad + gerundive; ll. 1, 6
8 praeerat: was (in charge) over + dat. vim: irreg. feminine acc. sg. of vs
n nocturnum quidem: not even night;
61. THE ANCHOR IS WEIGHED
Intere is dis appetbat quem Isn per nuntis dxerat, et ex 1
omnibus reginibus Graeciae mult, qus aut re novits aut sps
glriae movbat, undique convenibant. Trditum est autem in hc
numer fuisse Herculem, de qu supr multa perscrpsimus,
Orpheum, citharoedum praeclrissimum, Theseum, Castorem, 5
multsque alis qurum nmina sunt ntissima. Ex hs Isn qus
arbitrtus est ad omnia percula subeunda partissims esse, es ad
numerum quinquginta dlegit et socis sibi adiunxit; tum paucs
dis commortus, ut ad omns css subsidia comparret, nvem
ddxit, et tempesttem ad nvigandum idneam nactus magn 10
cum plaus omnium solvit.
adiung, -ere, -iunx, -iunctum: join to, 2 nanciscor, nancisc, nactus: attain, meet, 7
alius, -a, -ud: other, another, else, 9 navig (1): to sail, 5
appet, -ere, -v, -pettum: draw near, 3 nmen, nminis, n.: name, 12
arbitror, -r, -tus sum: to judge, think, 11 ntus, -a, -um: known, familiar, 3
aut: or (aut...aut eitheror), 2 novits, -ttis f.: newness, novelty, 3
Castor, -oris m.: Castor, 1 numerus, - m.: number, multitude, 7
csus, -s m.: misfortune, accident, event, 8 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
citharoedus, - m.: cithara-player, 1 Orpheus, - m.: Orpheus, 1
commoror, -r, -tum: delay, linger, tarry, 3 perscrb, -ere, -scrps, scrptum: write
compar (1): prepare, collect, 4 through, 3
conveni, -re, vn, ventum: come together 8 plausus, -s m.: applause, 1
ddc, -ere: lead or bring down, launch, 10 praeclrus, -a, -um: bright, very famous, 2
dlig, -ere, -lg, -lectum: choose, select, 6 qunqugint: fifty, 1
dc, -ere, -dx, dictum: declare, proclaim, 4 sube, -re, -i: to undergo, go up (to), 5
glria, -ae f.: glory, 1 subsidium, -i n.: support, relief, protection 1
Graecia, -ae f.: Greece, 7 supr: above, before, 6
idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 Thseus, - m.: Theseus, 1
intere: meanwhile, 7 undique: from everywhere, from all sides, 7
3 Trditum est: it was reported that nactus: having attained; PPP, nancscor
7 adsubeunda: for undergoing; sube 11 solvit: set sail
10 ad nvigandum: for sailing; a gerund
62. A FATAL MISTAKE
Haud mult post Argonautae (ita enim appellbantur qu in ist nv 1
vehbantur) nsulam quandam, nmine Cyzicum, attigrunt; et nv
gress rge illus reginis hospiti except sunt. Paucs
hrs ibi commort ad slis occsum rursus solvrunt; sed postquam
pauca mlia passuum progress sunt, tanta tempests subit corta est ut 5
cursum tenre nn possent, et in eandem partem nsulae unde nuper
profect erant magn cum percul dicerentur. Incolae tamen, cum nox
esset obscra, Argonauts nn agnscbant, et nvem inimcam vnisse
arbitrt arma rapurunt et es gred prohibbant. criter in ltore
pugntum est, et rx ipse, qu cum alis dcucurrerat, ab Argonauts 10
occsus est. Mox tamen, cum iam dlucsceret, snsrunt incolae s errre
et arma abicrunt; Argonautae autem cum rgem occsum esse vdrent,
magnum dolrem percprunt.
abici, -icere, -i, -itrum: throw away, 1 inimcus, -a, -um: unfriendly, hostile, 2
acriter: sharply, fiercely, 2 iste, ista, istud: that or those (of yours), 7
agnosc, -ere, -nv, -ntum: to recognize, 4 mlle (pl. mlia): thousand, 7
alius, -a, -ud: other, another, else, 9 nmen, nminis, n.: name, 12
appell (1): call (by name), name, 12 nox, noctis, f.: night, 7
arbitror, -r, -tus sum: to judge, think, 11 nper: recently, lately, not long ago, 2
arma, -rum n.: arms, equipment, tools, 6 obscrus, -a, -um: dark, 1
atting, -ere, -tig, -tctum: touch at, reach, 3 occsus, -s m.: fall, destruction, 4
commoror, -r, -tum: delay, linger, tarry, 3 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14
corior, -orr, -ortus sum: to arise, 4 passus, -s: pace, 7
curr, -ere, cucurr, cursus: run, rush, fly, 4 percipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: feel perceive 5
Cyzicus, - f.: Cyzicus, 1 prohibe, -re, -hibu: hold back, hinder, 2
dcurr, -ere, -cururr: to run down, 1 pugn (1): to fight, 4
dici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: throw/cast down 2 rapi, -ere, rapu, raptum: to seize, snatch, 5
dilcsc, -ere, -lx: grow light, 1 rursus: again, backward, back, 7
excipi, ere, cp, ceptum: receive, welcome9 sl, slis m.: sun, 10
haud: by no means, not at all, 4 tene, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13
hora, -ae f.: hour, 5 unde: whence, from which source, 6
hospitium, n.: hospitality, 5 veh, -ere, vx, vectum: to convey, carry, 5
incola, -ae m.: inhabitant, 7
1 mult: much; abl. of degree of difference 7 cumesset: since; causal, impf. subj.
3 gress: having stepped out; PPP, gredior nvemvnisse: that; ind. disc.
except sunt: were welcomed with pf. inf. veni, nvem is acc. subj.
4 hrs: for; acc. duration of time 9 arbitrt: having; dep. PPP
commort: having; PPP deponent gred: from stepping out; dep. inf. gredior
solvrunt: they set sail; set loose 10 pugntum est: they fought; it was
5 mlia passuum: formiles; acc. extent fought, impersonal pass., translate active
progress sunt: pf. deponent progredior, 11 incolae: nom. subject of snsrunt
translate in the active s errre: that; reflexive, ind. disc.
corta est: pf. deponent corior 12 occsum esse: pf. pass. inf. occd in
ut: that; result, impf. possum ind. discourse; acc. subject is rgem
63. THE LOSS OF HYLAS
Postrdi eius di Isn tempesttem satis idneam esse arbitrtus 1
(summa enim tranquillits iam cnsecta erat), ancors sustulit, et
pauca mlia passuum progressus ante noctem Mysiam attigit. Ibi
paucs hrs in ancors exspectvit; nauts enim cognverat
aquae cpiam quam scum habrent iam dficere, quam ob causam 5
qudam ex Argonauts in terram gress aquam quaerbant. Hrum
in numer erat Hyls qudam, puer form praestantissim. Qu dum
fontem quaerit, comitibus paulum scesserat. Nymphae autem
quae fontem colbant, cum iuvenem vdissent, e persudre
cntae sunt ut scum manret; et cum ille negret s hoc factrum 10
esse, puerum v abstulrunt.
ancora, ancorae f.: anchor, 7 mane, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9
ante: before, in front of (acc.); adv. before, 5 mlle (pl. mlia): thousand, 7
aqua, -ae f.: water, 11 Msia, -ae f.: Mysia, 1
arbitror, -r, -tus sum: to judge, think, 11 nauta, -ae f.: sailor, 3
atting, -ere, -tig, -tctum: touch at, reach, 3 neg (1): to deny, say thatnot, 3
aufer, -ferre, abstul, -ltum: carry away 11 nox, noctis, f.: night, 7
col, -ere, colu, cultum: cultivate, cherish, 3 numerus, - m.: number, multitude, 7
comes, -it is m. f.: companion, 3 nympha, -ae f.: nymph, 2
cnor, cnr, cntus sum: to try, attempt, 7 ob: on account of (acc.), 13
consequor, -, sectus: follow after; pursue, 3 passus, -s: pace, 7
copia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 persude, -re, -sus, -susum: persuade, 9
dfici, -ere, -fc, -fectum: fail, 3 postrdi: the day after, the next day, 4
fons, fontis m.: origin, fount, source, 3 praest, -stre, -stit: stand in front, show, 6
forma, -ae, f.: beauty, shape, form, 3 satis: enough, sufficient, 6
hora, -ae f.: hour, 5 scd, -ere, scess, scessum: to withdraw 1
Hyls, -ae m.: Hylas, 2 toll, tolle, sustul, subltum: raise, lift up 10
idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 tranquillits, -ttis f.: calm, tranquility, 2
iuvenis, -is m.: youth, young man, 4
1 postrdi eius di: the day after that made subjunctive in ind. discourse
day; abl. time when; gen. quam ob causam: for which reason
tempesttemesse: ind. disc. 6 Hrum: of these; partitive gen.
arbitrtus: having thought; dep. PPP 7 form: ofbeauty; abl. of quality
2 sustulit: pf. suf-fer Qu dum: while he; who while
3 mlia passuum: see note line 2 9 e: him; dat. sg. (is, ea, id) of persuade
progressus: dep. PPP progredior 10 ut..manret: to remain; ind command
4 paucs hras: for; acc. duration sfactrum esse: that; fut. inf.
5 cpiamdficere: that; ind. disc. 11 abstulrunt: pf. au-fer (/ab + fer)
habrent: subordinate verbs often are
64. DIFFICULT DINING
Post haec Argonautae ad Thrciam cursum tenurunt, et postquam 1
ad oppidum Salmydessum nvem appulrunt, in terram gress
sunt. Ibi cum ab incols quaesissent quis regnum eius reginis
obtinret, certirs fact sunt Phineum quendam tum rgem esse.
Cognvrunt etiam hunc caecum esse et dr qudam supplici 5
affic, quod lim s crudelissimum in flis sus praebuisset. Cuius
supplic hoc erat genus: missa erant Iove mnstra quaedam speci
horribil, quae capita virginum, corpora volucrum habbant. Hae
volucrs, quae Harpyiae appellbantur, Phine summam molestiam
adferbant; quotins enim ille accubuerat, venibant et cibum 10
appositum statim auferbant. Qu factum est ut haud multum
abesset qun Phineus fam morertur.
1 Post haec: after these (things); neuter acc. cuius supplic: gen. modifies genus
3 ab incols: from; abl. of source 7 speci horribil: of; abl. quality; the adj.
quisobtinret: who; ind. question is 3rd decl. i-stem (horribile horribil)
4 certrirs fact sunt: were made more 8 (et) corpora: and bodies; ellipsis, add et
certain; were informed a common phrase 9 Phine: to; dat. of compound verb
in Caesar, often followed by ind. discourse 10 quotins enim: for; enim is postpositive
5 hunc caecum esseaffic: that this one; 11 appositum: having been served;
ind. discourse with 2 verbs: pres. pass. inf. having been set before, PPP appn
6 quod: because Qu factummorertur: (because of)
in: against which it happened that it was by no means
praebuisset: had shown; governs a double very far away that Phineus would die from
acc.; relative clause of characteristic, famine; abl. of cause, noun result clause
praebe (prae-habe)
65. THE DELIVERANCE OF PHINEUS
Rs igitur male s habbat cum Argonautae nvem appulrunt. Phneus 1
autem simul atque audvit es in sus fns gresss esse, magnopere
gvisus est. Scibat enim quantam opninem virttis Argonautae
habrent, nec dubitbat qun sibi auxilium ferrent. Nntium igitur ad
nvem msit, qu Isonem socisque ad rgiam vocret. E cum 5
vnissent, Phneus demnstrvit quant in percul suae rs essent, et
prmsit s magna praemia datrum esse, s ill remedium repperissent.
Argonautae negtium libenter suscprunt, et ubi hra vnit, cum rge
accuburunt; at simul ac cna apposita est, Harpyiae cenculum
intrvrunt et cibum auferre cnbantur. Argonautae prmum gladis 10
volucrs petirunt; cum tamen vidrent hoc nihil prdesse, Zts et
Calais, qu als erant instruct, in ra s sublevvrunt, ut dsuper
impetum facerent. Quod cum snsissent Harpyiae, re novitte perterritae
statim aufgrunt, neque poste umquam redirunt.
1 male s habbat: was faring poorly; 3 gvisus est: pf. of semi-deponent gaude
idiom held itself poorly quantum opninem: how great a
2 simul atque: as soon as; same time as reputation; introduces ind. question
gresss esse: pf. dep., es is acc. subj 4 nec dubitbat qun: he did not doubt
65. THE DELIVERANCE OF PHINEUS
that; qun often follows nn dubit 11 hoc...prdesse: that this was not beneficial
5 qu: to call; relative clause of purpose 12 erant instruct: had been equipped
E: there; frequenctly an adverb, to there ut: so that; purpose
7 sdatrum esse: that he; fut. inf. 13 re novitte: by the novelty of the situation
9 simul ac: as soon as; same time as l. 17 14 redirunt: pf. red-e
66. THE SYMPLEGADES
Hc fact Phneus, ut pr tant benefici meritam grtiam referret, Ison 1
demnstrvit qu ratine Symplgads vitre posset. Symplgads autem
duae erant rps ingent magnitdine, quae Iove positae erant e
cnsili, n quis ad Colchida pervenret. Hae parv intervall in mar
natbant, et s quid in medium spatium vnerat, incredibil celeritte 5
concurrbant. Postquam igitur Phine doctus est quid faciendum esset,
Isn sublts ancors nvem solvit, et ln vent provectus mox ad
Symplgads appropinquvit. Tum in pror stns columbam quam in
man tenbat msit. Illa recta via per medium spatium volavit, et
priusquam rps cnflxrunt, incolumis vsit caud tantum miss. 10
Tum rps utrimque discessrunt; antequam tamen rursus concurrerent,
Argonautae, bene intellegents, omnem spem saltis in celeritte positam
esse, summ v rms contendrunt et nvem incolumem perdxrunt.
Hc fact ds grtis maxims gerunt, qurum auxili tant percul
erept essent; omns enim scibant nn sine auxili derum rem tam 15
flciter vnisse.
ag, agere, g, ctum: drive, lead, spend, 13 mgnitd, -tdinis f.: size, greatness, 13
mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: lose, let go, 8 maximus, -a, -um: greatest, 9
ancora, ancorae f.: anchor, 7 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10
antequam: before, 9 meritus, -a, -um: deserved, due, just, 4
appropinqu (1): come near, approach, 8 nat (1): to swim, float, 1
bene: well, 5 parvus, -a, -um: small, 3
beneficium, - n.: benefit, favor; kindness, 8 perdc, -ere, -x, -ctum: lead through, 4
cauda, -ae f.: tail, 2 Phneus, - m.: Phineus, 7
celerits, -ttis f.: speed, quickness, 7 priusquam: before than, sooner than, 2
Colchis, -idis f.: Colchis, 4 pr: before, in front of, for, 9
columba, -ae f.: pigeon, dove, 1 prra, -ae f.: prow, bow, 1
concurr, -ere, -curr, -cursus: run together 4 proveh, -ere, -vex, -vectum: carry forth, 3
conflg, -ere, -flx, -flctum: dash together 1 rati, -nis f.: plan, method, means, reason, 2
contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 rectus, -a, -um: direct, straight, 2
dmonstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 rmus, - m.: oar, 4
discd, -ere, -ss, -ssum: go away, depart, 4 rps, rpis f.: rock, cliff, 6
doce, -re, -u, -ctus: teach, tell, 9 rursus: again, backward, back, 7
duo, duae, duo: two, 10 sci, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9
mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: send out, 2 spatium, -i n.: space, span, extent, 6
ripi, -ere, -u, reptus: tear from, rescue, 2 st (1): to stand, 8
vad, -ere, vs, vsum: go out, escape, 9 Symplgads, -um f.: Symplegades, 3
veni, -re: turn out, happen, 8 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8
fliciter: happily, fortunately, 3 tene, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13
grtia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 toll, tolle, sustul, subltum: raise, lift up 10
incolumis, -e: inscathed, uninjured, safe, 7 utrimque: on both sides, from both sides, 1
incrdibilis, -e: incredible, 2 ventus, - m.: wind, 10
intervallum, - n.: interval, distance, 2 via, -ae, f.: way, road, 4
Iuppiter, Iovis m.: Jupiter, 8 vt (1): to avoid, 2
lnis, lne: gentle, 1 vol (1): to fly, 3
66. THE SYMPLEGADES
1 Hc fact: ablative abs., common transition 6 faciendum esset: had to be done; passive
2 qu ratine: by what means; ind. question periphrastic (gerundive + sum)
3 ingent magnitdine: of; abl. quality 7 sublts ancors: abl. abs., PPP of toll
e cnsili, n: with this purpose, so that 10 caud: with only the tail lost; abl. abs.
4 intervall: at a small interval; manner 14 grunt: gave thanks; idiom, grtis ag
67. A HEAVY TASK
Brev intermiss spati Argonautae ad flmen Phasim vnrunt, quod in 1
fnibus Colchrum erat. Ibi cum nvem appulissent et in terram gress
essent, statim ad rgem Aetem s contulrunt et ab e postulvrunt ut
vellus aureum sibi trderetur. Ille cum audvisset quam ob causam
Argonautae vnissent, r commtus est et di negbat s vellus 5
trditrum esse. Tandem tamen, quod scibat Isonem nn sine auxili
derum hoc negtium suscpisse, mutt sententi promsit s vellus
traditrum, s Isn labrs dus difficillims prius perfcisset; et cum
Isn dxisset s ad omnia percula subeunda partum esse, quid fier
vellet ostendit. Prmum iungend erant duo taur speci horribil, qu 10
flamms ex re debant; tum hs iuncts ager qudam arandus erat et
dents dracnis serend. Hs audits Isn ets rem esse summ percul
intellegbat, tamen, n hanc occsinem re bene gerendae mitteret,
negtium suscpit.
adam, -re, -v, -tum: fall in love, love, 1 medicna, -ae f.: medicine, art of healing, 4
aegr: with difficulty, wearily, 4 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10
al, -ere, alu, alitus: support, feed, nourish, 1 mlitris, -e: military, warlike, 3
antecell, -ere: surpass, excel, 1 mons, montis m.: mountain, mount, 5
arma, -rum n.: arms, equipment, tools, 6 morior, mor, mortuus sum: to die, 4
carp, -ere, -s, -tum: pluck, seize, 1 negleg, ere, -lx, neglctum: to neglect, 1
cense, -re: to think, 2 nervus, - m.: sinew, muscle, 1
confirm (1): make strong, strengthen, 5 nox, noctis, f.: night, 7
consum, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take, spend 9 oblin, -ere, -lv, -litum: daub over, smear, 1
ets: even if, although, though, 13 paene: almost, nearly, 8
vad, -ere, vs, vsum: go out, escape, 9 pater, patris, m.: father, 12
exprim, -ere, -press, -pressum: press out, 1 praecipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: order, take, 6
fer, ferre, tul, ltus: carry, bear, endure, 10 propn, -ere, -su, -situm: put or set forth, 4
fnitimus, -a, -um: neighboring, bordering, 2 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6
herba, -ae f.: plant, grass, 6 studium, - n.: zeal, desire, pursuit, 1
ine, -re, -, -itum: go into, enter, 4 sube, -re, -i: to undergo, go up (to), 5
inscins, -scientis: unknowing, 2 scus, - m.: juice, sap, moisture, 1
iste, ista, istud: that or those (of yours), 7 unguentum, - m.: ointment, 3
mgnitd, -tdinis f.: size, greatness, 13 venti, -tinis f.: hunting, 1
mn: in the morning, 1 vta, -ae, f.: life, 9
2 subitrum esse: fut. inf. sub-e 9 qu (di): on which; the second of two
aegr ferbat: bore poorly abl. of time when constructions
3 econsili, ut: withpurpose, so that conficiend essent: had to be; were
morertur: impf. of deponent morior (going) to be completed a passive
4 quae cumessent: since these things periphrastic (gerundive + sum) suggests
were so; i.e. as a result, obligation or necessity; here impf. subj.
5 insciente ptre: abl. absolute, pres. pple 10 hominibus: dat. of compound verb
6 sc express: abl. absolute magnitdine et vribus: in; abl of
7 quodaleretconfirmret: which; respect
impf. subj., relative clause of characteristic 11 re militris: of military affairs
v su: by its own power; abl. means 12 neglegendum esse: see line 3: passive
8 Hc fact: abl. absolute periphrastic in ind. disc.; cnsilium is
praecpit: governs an ind. command acc. subject, all governed by censbat
69. THE SOWING OF THE DRAGON'S TEETH
Ubi is dis vnit quem rx ad arandum agrum dxerat, Isn ort 1
lce cum socis ad locum constittum s contulit. Ibi stabulum
ingns repperit, in qu taur erant inclus; tum ports aperts taurs
in lcem trxit, et summ cum difficultte iugum impsuit. At
Aetes cum vidret taurs nihil contr Isonem valre, magnopere 5
mirtus est; nescibat enim fliam suam auxilium e dedisse. Tum
Isn omnibus aspicientibus agrum arre coepit, qu in r tantam
diligentiam praebuit ut ante meridiem ttum opus confcerit. Hc
fact ad locum ubi rx sdbat adiit et dents dracnis postulvit;
qu ubi accpit, in agrum quem arverat magn cum dligenti 10
sparsit. Hrum autem dentium natra erat tlis ut in e loc ubi
sments factae essent vir armt mr qudam mod ggnerentur.
ade, -re, -i(v): go to, approach, 4 mror, -r, -tus: to wonder, be amazed at, 7
Aets: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7
ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 natra, -ae. f.: nature, 9
ante: before, in front of (acc.); adv. before, 5 nesci, -re, -scv, -sctum: not know, 4
aperi, -re, -u, -ertus: open, disclose, 3 nihil: nothing, 14
ar, arre, -v: plow, 4 opus, -eris n.: work, deed, toil, 9
arm (1): arm, equip, 4 orior, orr, ortus sum: arise, spring up, 5
aspici, -ere, -spx, -spectum: look at, 1 porta, -ae f.: gate, 7
contr: against (+ acc.), 7 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11
dns, dentis m.: tooth, 5 praebe, -re, -u, -itum: to present, give, 7
difficults, -ttis f.: difficulty, 7 reperi, -re, repper, repertum: find out, 9
diligentia, -ae f.: diligence, attentiveness, 5 sede, -re, sd, sessum: to sit, 6
drac, -nis m.: dragon, serpent, 7 smentis, -is: seeding, sowing, 1
dc, -ere, -dx, dictum: declare, proclaim, 4 sparg, -ere, spars, sparsum: to sprinkle, 3
ggn, -ere, genu, genitum: bear, produce, 3 stabulum, - n.: stable, inclosure, 5
impon, -ere, -posu, -positus: place on, 7 tlis, -e: such, 6
incld, -ere, -s, -sum: close in, shut in, 7 taurus, - m.: bull, 7
iugum, - n.: yoke, 1 trah, -ere, trx, tractum: to draw, drag, 6
lx, lcis m.: light, 6 vale, -re, u: be strong, fare well, be able, 5
merds, - m.: midday, noon; south, 2
1 ad arandum agrum: for; employ a dat. sg. (is, ea, id) ind. obj
gerundive-gerund flip and translate this omnibus aspicientibus: abl. abs.
gerundive (adj.) as a gerund (noun) qu in r: in qu r; relative adj.
dxerat: had appointed 8 utconfcerit: that; result, pf subj.
ort lce: abl. abs.; deponent PPP Hoc fact: abl. abs.
3 ports aperts: abl. absolute; aperi 11 Hrum dentum: nature of these teeth
5 nihil: not at all; adverbial acc. serves as a tlis ut: such that; result, impf subj.
strong negative 12 mr mod: in a certain amazing way
6 fliamdedisse: thathad given; e is
70. A STRANGE CROP
Nndum tamen Isn ttum opus confcerat; imperverat enim e 1
Aetes ut armts virs qu dentibus ggnerentur slus
interficeret. Postquam igitur omns dents in agrum sparsit, Isn
lassitudine exanimtus quiet s trdidit, dum vir ist ggnerentur.
Paucs hors dormibat, sub vesperum tamen somn subit 5
excittus rem ita vnisse ut praedictum esset cognvit; nam in
omnibus agr partibus vir ingent magnitdine corporis gladis
galesque armt mrum in modum terr oribantur. Hc cognit
Isn cnsilium quod dedisset Medea nn mittendum esse
putbat. Saxum igitur ingns (ita enim Medea praecperat) in 10
medis virs conicit. Ill undique ad locum concurrrunt, et cum
quisque sibi id saxum habre vellet, magna contrversia orta est.
Mox stricts gladis inter s pugnre coeprunt, et cum hc mod
plurim occs essent, reliqu vulneribus confect Isone nll
negti interfect sunt. 15
Absyrtus, - m.: Absyrtus, Medeas brother, 2 mane, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9
Aets: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10
Arg, -s f.: Argo, 2 memoria, -ae f.: memory, 4
veh, -ere, -vex, -vectum: carry away, 1 mulier, mulieris f.: woman, 3
dser, -ere, -u, -sertum: to desert, 2 nec: and not, nor, 10
discrmen, -crminis n.: crisis, peril, 5 nox, noctis, f.: night, 7
dolus, - m.: trick, deceit, 4 obsecr (1): beseech, implore, entreat, 5
dubit (1): to hestitate, doubt, 5 pater, patris, m.: father, 12
vad, -ere, vs, vsum: go out, escape, 9 ps, pedis m.: foot, 8
excipi, ere, cp, ceptum: receive, welcome9 pet, petere, petv, pettum: seek, aim at, 10
fer, ferre, tul, ltus: carry, bear, endure, 10 proici, -icere, -ic, -iectum: throw forth, 4
frter, -tris m.: brother, 5 promitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: send forth, 3
fuga, -ae f.: flight, haste, exile, speed, 6 propn, -ere, -su, -situm: put or set forth, 4
hortor, -r, -tus sum: to encourage, urge, 4 prsum, prdesse, prfu: profit, benefit, 6
inscins, -scientis: unknowing, 2 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12
ra, rae f.: anger, 12 rgia, -ae f.: palace, 4
ra, rae f.: anger, 12 subdc, -ere, -dx, -ductum: draw up, 2
lacrima, -ae f.: tear, 10 tene, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13
libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 time, -re, -u: fear, dread, 6
2 nec dubitbat qun: he did not doubt interest and inner acc. so great a benefit;
that; qun often follows nn dubit plpf. subj. prsum, relative of characteristic
tulisset: plpf. subj. fer memori tenbat: i.e. remembered; in
4 fore: would be; ~futrum esse, fut. inf. memory is in fact an abl. of means
5 omnibusparts: abl. abs. svsisse: that he; follows tenbat
insciente ptre: abl. abs., pres. pple 10 excpit: welcomed; as often, received
6 quam celerrim: as quickly as possible 11 veniend: gen. sg. gerund
7 s contulit: carried himself; pf. confer horttus est: pf. dep. hortor
E: (to) there; adverb ntimret: negative ind. command
8 ndsereret: neg. ind. command 12 svectrum (esse): thatwould
9 e tantum prfuisset: had been so good to carry away; fut. inf. (add esse to the pple.)
him; had been so much profit to him, dat. quam prmum: as soon as possible
72. THE SEIZURE OF THE FLEECE
Postrdi eius di Isn cum socis sus ort lce nvem ddxit, et 1
tempesttem idneam nact ad eum locum rms contendrunt, qu
in loc Medea vellus cltum esse dmnstrbat. Cum e
vnissent, Isn in terram gressus est, et socis ad mare relicts,
qu praesidi nv essent, ipse cum Md in silvs s contulit. 5
Pauca milia passuum per silvam progressus, vellus quod quaerbat
ex arbore suspnsum vdit. Id tamen auferre erat summae
difficulttis; nn mod enim locus ipse egregi et ntr et arte erat
muntus, sed etiam drac qudam speci terribil arborem
custdibat. Tum Mda, quae, ut supr dmnstrvimus, 10
medicnae summam scientiam habuit, rmum quem de arbore
proxim dripuerat venno infcit. Hc fact ad locum
appropinquvit, et dracnem, qu, faucibus aperts, eius adventum
exspectbat, venn sparsit; deinde, dum drac somn oppressus
dormit, Isn vellus aureum de arbore dripuit et cum Md quam 15
celerrim pedem rettulit.
1 postrdi eius di: the day after that 2 nact: having attained; pple nancscor
day; abl. time when; gen. sg. contendrunt: hastened; strove
ort lce: abl. abs., deponent PPP 3 e: to there; see line 1
72. THE SEIZURE OF THE FLEECE
4 socisrelicts: abl. abs. 8 nn modsed etiam: not onlybut also
5 praesidi nv essent: served as guard for etet: bothand
the ship; for guard for the ship, double erat muntus: muntus erat; plpf. pass.
dat. (purpose and interest) 12 infcit: infected a branch with poison
7 idauferre: to carry it off; subject inf. 15 quam celerrim: as quickly as possible
summae difficulttis: of; gen. of 16 pedem rettulit: i.e. returned refer
description is a predicate
73. THE RETURN TO THE ARGO
Dum autem ea geruntur, Argonautae, qu ad mare relict erant, anxi 1
anim reditum Isonis exspectbant; id enim negtium summ esse
pericul intellegbant. Postquam igitur ad occsum slis frustr
exspectverunt, de eius salte dsprre coeperunt, nec dubitbant qun
aliqu csus accidisset. Quae cum ita essent, mtrandum sibi censurunt, 5
ut duc auxilium ferrent; sed dum proficisc parant, lmen quoddam
subit conspiciunt mrum in modum intr silvs refulgns, et magnopere
mrt quae causa esset eius re ad locum concurrunt. Qu cum vnissent,
Ison et Mdae advenientibus occurrrunt, et vellus aureum lminis
eius causam esse cognvrunt. Omn timre sublt magn cum gaudi 10
ducem suum excprunt, et ds grtis maxims grunt quod rs tam
feliciter vnisset.
accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 intr: within, among (+ acc.), 4
adveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: approach, 1 lmen, lminis n.: light, 3
ag, agere, g, ctum: to act, drive, lead, matur (1): to hasten, ripen, 7
spend, 13 maximus, -a, -um: greatest, 9
aliqu, -qua, -quod: some, any, definite, 3 mror, -r, -tus: to wonder, be amazed at, 7
anxius, -a, -um: anxious, 3 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7
aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 nec: and not, nor, 10
csus, -s m.: misfortune, accident, event, 8 negtium, i n.: task, business, occupation, 13
cense, -re: to think, 2 occsus, -s m.: fall, destruction, 4
concurr, -ere, -curr, -cursus: run together 4 occurr, -ere: run into, meet, attack, 2
conspici, -ere, -x, -ectum: catch sight of, 3 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12
dspr (1): to despair, give up, 4 reditus, -s m.: return, 5
dubit (1): to hestitate, doubt, 5 refulge, -re, -fuls: flash back, shine, 1
dux, ducis m/f.: leader, guide, chieftain, 5 relinqu, -ere, -lqu, -lictum: leave behind, 9
veni, -re: turn out, happen, 8 silva, -ae f.: wood, forest, woodland, 7
excipi, ere, cp, ceptum: receive, welcome9 sl, slis m.: sun, 10
fliciter: happily, fortunately, 3 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8
frustr: in vain, for nothing, 13 toll, tolle, sustul, subltum: raise, lift up 10
gaudium, -i n.: gladness, joy, 9 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12
grtia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10
1 ea: these (things); neuter pl. demonstrative 6 duc: to the leader; dat. ind. obj. dux
ad: near, at 7 mrum in modum: in an amazing way
anxi anim: with anxious heart; manner refulgns: pres. pple, modifies neut. lmen
2 id negtium: this task; acc. subj. 8 mrt: having wondered; dep. PPP
summ pericul: of; gen. description quaeesset: ind. question, impf. subj. sum
4 nec dubitbat qun: he did not doubt Qu: to where; to which place
that; qun often follows nn dubit 9 Ison, Mdae: dat. of compound verb
5 aliqu: some; nom. sg. adj. modifies csus advenientibus: dat. pl. pres. pple
quae cum...: Since these things were 10 omnsublt: abl. abs., PPP toll
so; i.e. as a result, common in Cicero remove, in other instances lifted up
mtrandum (esse) sibi: that he had to 11 excprunt: welcomed
hurry; (it is) (going) to be hurried by him grtis grunt: gave thanks; idiom, ag
passive periphrastic (gerundive + sum) with quodvnisset: because it had turned
dat. of agent: translate in active out; plpf. subj. of alleged cause
74. THE PURSUIT
Hs rbus gests omns sine mor nvem rrsus conscenderunt, et 1
sublts ancors prm vigili solvrunt; neque enim satis ttum
esse arbitrt sunt in e loc manre. At rx Aets, qu iam ante
inimc in es fuerat anim, ubi cognvit fliam suam nn mod ad
Argonauts s rcpisse sed etiam ad vellus auferendum auxilium 5
tulisse, hc dolre gravius exrsit. Nvem longam quam celerrim
ddc iussit, et mlitibus imposits fugients insectus est.
Argonautae, qu rem in discrmine esse bene scibant, omnibus
vribus rms contendbant; cum tamen nvis qu vehbantur
ingent esset magnitdine, nn edem celeritte qu Colch 10
prgred poterant. Qu factum est ut minimum abesset qun
Colchs sequentibus caperentur, neque enim longius intererat quam
qu tlum adic posset. At Mda cum vdisset qu in loc rs
essent, paene omn sp dposit, infandum hoc cnsilium cpit.
absum, -esse, fu: to be away, be absent, 7 long: far, far and wide, 6
adici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: throw at, hurl, 1 longus, -a, -um: long, 4
Aets: Aeetes, king of Cochis, 10 mgnitd, -tdinis f.: size, greatness, 13
ancora, ancorae f.: anchor, 7 mane, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9
ante: before, in front of (acc.); adv. before, 5 mls, mlitis m.: soldier, 2
arbitror, -r, -tus sum: to judge, think, 11 minimus, -a, -um: very little, 1
aufer, -ferre, abstul, -ltum: carry away 11 mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14
bene: well, 5 paene: almost, nearly, 8
Colch, -rum m.: Colchians, 3 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12
Colchis, -idis f.: Colchis, 4 recipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: accept, take
conscend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: climb aboard, 6 back, 8
contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 rmus, - m.: oar, 4
ddc, -ere: lead or bring down, launch, 10 rursus: again, backward, back, 7
dpon, -ere, -su, -situm: put down, deposit9 satis: enough, sufficient, 6
discrmen, -crminis n.: crisis, peril, 5 sci, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9
exrdsc, -ere, -rs, -rsum: catch fire, 2 sequor, -, sectus: follow, pursue, attend, 4
fer, ferre, tul, ltus: carry, bear, endure, 10 telum, - n.: weapon, arrow, spear, 3
fugi, fugere, fg, --: to flee, hurry away, 9 toll, tolle, sustul, subltum: raise, lift up 10
impon, -ere, -posu, -positus: place on, 7 tutus, -a, -um: safe, secure, 3
infandus, -a, -um: unspeakable, 1 veh, -ere, vx, vectum: to convey, carry, 5
inimcus, -a, -um: unfriendly, hostile, 2 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12
insequor, -sequ, -sectum: follow upon, 1 vigilia, -ae f.: watch, night-watch, 1
intersum, interesse, -fu: be between, 1
1 Hsgests: abl. abs., PPP ger 6 gravius: more strongly; comp. adv.
2 sublts ancors: abl. abs., toll lifted up 7 mlitibus imposits: abl. abs.
3 manre: subject of esse, ttum is the pred. 9 vribus: with all their strength; manner
4 inimc anim: of; abl. quality contendbant: hastened
5 s rcpisse: had retreated; idiom cum: since
ad auferendum: for carrying off qu: relative pronoun, abl. means
74. THE PURSUIT
10 ingent magnitdine: of; abl. quality, abl. of cause; the ut-clause is a noun result
pred. of esset; 3rd decl. i-stem ablative clause; minimum is adv. acc.
celeritte: with; abl. manner 12 Longius intererat quam: for it was no
qu: with which; abl. manner farther between than; comparative
11 prgred: pres. deponent inf. 13 qu tlum: (that) in which, (that) to which
Qu factummorertur: because of posset: impf. subj. possum + pass. inf.
which it happened that it was not at all far 14 paene omndposit: abl. abs.
from being captured by the pursuing cnsilium cpit: adopted a plan; took up
Colchians; were least away that they
75. A FEARFUL EXPEDIENT
Erat in nv Argonautrum flius qudam rgis Aetae, nmine 1
Absyrtus, quem, ut supr dmnstrvimus, Mda ex urbe fugins
scum abdxerat. Hunc puerum Mda interficere cnstituit e
cnsili, ut membrs eius in mare conictis cursum Colchrum
impedret; cert enim scibat Aetem, cum membra fl vdisset, 5
nn longius prsecutrum esse. Neque opni Mdam fefellit,
omnia enim ita vnrunt ut sprverat. Aets ubi prmum
membra vdit, ad ea colligenda nvem tenr iussit. Dum tamen ea
geruntur, Argonautae nn intermiss remigand labre mox
conspect hostium auferbantur, neque prius fugere dstitrunt 10
quam ad flmen Eridnum pervnrunt. Aetes nihil sibi
prfutrum esse arbitrtus s longius prgressus esset, anim
dmiss domum revertit, ut fl corpus ad sepultram daret.
addc, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 ostend (1): show, display, 6
adhuc: still, 5 Pelis, -ae f.: Pelias, 14
aets, aettis f.: age, lifetime, time, 4 permane, -re, -mans: to remain, 1
appropinqu (1): come near, approach, 8 polliceor, -cr, -citus: promise, proffer, 2
aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11
dcd, -ere, -cess, -cessum: depart; die, 2 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12
di: a long time, long, 13 responde, -re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13
dubius, -a, -um: doubtful, uncertain, 3 rog (1): to ask, 1
fi, fier, factus: become, be made, 9 succd, -ere, -cess: to come up, succeed, 1
licet, -re, -uit: is allowed, permitted, 5 suprmus, -a, -um: highest, last, 1
loquor, loqu, loctus sum: speak, address, 9 tace, -re, -u, -itum: be silent, 2
monstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 3 tristitia, -ae f.: sadness, 1
nihil: nothing, 14 tu: you, 10
obtine, -re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9 unde: whence, from which source, 6
obtine, -re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9 vellus, velleris n.: fleece, 12
rtio, -ionis f.: speaking, speech, language, 2 vvus, -a, -um: living, alive, 4
addc, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 loquor, loqu, loctus sum: speak, address, 9
aegr: with difficulty, wearily, 4 magicus, -a, -um: magic, 5
aneus, -a, -um: of bronze, 3 medicna, -ae f.: medicine, art of healing, 4
aets, aettis f.: age, lifetime, time, 4 membrum, - n.: limb, member, 10
ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 mors, mortis, f.: death, 9
aqua, -ae f.: water, 11 num: question expecting negative answer, 2
aris, -ietis m.: ram, battering-ram, 2 nunc: now, at present, 4
cant (1): sing, 1 pater, patris, m.: father, 12
carmen, carminis n.: song, 2 perfer, -ferre, -tul, -ltus: bear, betake, 2
cupidits, -ttis f.: desire, passion, 5 pon, ponere, posu, positum: to place, put, 5
curr, -ere, cucurr, cursus: run, rush, fly, 4 refici, -ere, fc, fectum: renew, make new 2
dmonstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 responde, -re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13
dolus, - m.: trick, deceit, 4 rursus: again, backward, back, 7
effervsc, -ere, -ferbu: to boil up or over, 1 satis: enough, sufficient, 6
exsili, -re, -silu: leap out or forth, 1 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6
fer, ferre, tul, ltus: carry, bear, endure, 10 sci, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9
fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 senex, senis m.: old man, 1
fi, fier, factus: become, be made, 9 suppon, -ere, -su, -situm; set beneath, 1
herba, -ae f.: plant, grass, 6 umquam: ever, 5
ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 vale, -re, u: be strong, fare well, be able, 5
infer, -ferre, -tul, -ltus: bring on, wage, 3 vs, vsis n.: vessel, 5
infund, -ere, -fd, fsum: pour into, 1 vester, vestra, vestrum: your, 2
iuvenis, -is m.: youth, young man, 4
ars, artis f.: skill, craft, art, 5 ms, mris m.: custom, manner, law, 6
color, colris m.: color, 1 mortifer, -fera, -ferum: death-bearing, 2
confirm (1): make strong, strengthen, 5 nihil: nothing, 14
Corinthus, - m.: Corinth, 1 nmen, nminis, n.: name, 12
Creon, -ontis m.: Creon, 5 novus, -a, -um: new, 4
dnum, - n.: gift, 6 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
duc, -ere, dx, ductus: lead, draw, bring, 5 obtine, -re, -u, -tentum: hold, maintain, 9
expell, -ere, pul, pulsum: drive out, expel 3 quasi: as if, 4
fmina, -ae f.: woman, 3 suspic, -re, -v, -tum: suspect, mistrust, 7
Glauc, -s f.: Glauce, 4 tlis, -e: such, 6
ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 tex, -ere, -u, textum: to weave, 1
indu, -ere, indu, indtum: put on, 8 Thessalia, -ae f.: Thessaly, 4
infici, -ere, -fc, -fectum: stain, dye, 4 ting, -ere, tinx, tinctum: wet, soak; dye, 1
iniria, -ae f.: wrong, insult, injustice, 2 ulcscor, ulcsc, ultus sum: to avenge, 2
ra, rae f.: anger, 12 r, rere, uss, ustum: to burn, 1
iur (1): to swear, 2 uxor, xris f.: wife, spouse, 10
is, iris n.: justice, law, right, 4 varius, -a, -um: various, 2
libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 vennum, - n.: poison, 7
malus, -a, -um: bad, 3 vestis, -is f.: clothing, 12
matrimnium, -i n.: marriage, 6
2 cuius urbis: of which city; + regnum 9 tlis: such; nom. predicate of erat
3 Crent: there was to Creon; Creon utrertur: thatburned; result
had, dat. of possession s quis: if anyone; quis is indefinite
6 ire iurand: by sworn oath; by oath before s, nisi, num, and n
(going) to be worn, abl. means 10 induisset: plpf. subj.
7 ultrum (esse): fut. inf. ulcscor ign: abl. of means, i-stem 3rd decl. noun
cpit: adopted; took up hc fact: abl. abs.
8 summ arte: with; abl. manner 11 nihil mal: nothing (of) evil; partitive
textam, infectam: PPP tex, infici 12 mre: by custom; from the custom
80. MEDEA KILLS HER SONS
Vix vestem induerat Glauc cum dolrem gravem per omnia membra 1
snsit, et paul post crdl crucit affecta vt excessit. Hs rbus
gests Mda furre atque menti impulsa flis sus necvit; tum
magnum sibi fore perculum arbitrta s in Thessali manret, ex e
regine fugere cnstituit. Hc cnstitut Slem orvit ut in tant percul 5
auxilium sibi praebret. Sl autem hs precibus commtus currum msit
cui erant iunct dracns als instruct. Mda nn omittendam tantam
occsinem arbitrta currum ascendit, itaque per ra vecta incolumis ad
urbem Athns pervnit. Isn ipse brev tempore mr mod occsus est.
Accidit sve cs sve cnsili derum ut sub umbr nvis suae, quae in 10
ltus subducta erat, dormret. Mox nvis, quae adhuc rcta steterat, in
eam partem ubi Isn iacbat subit dlpsa virum nflcem oppressit.
accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 inflx, -flcis: unhappy, unfortunate, 2
adhuc: still, 5 instru, -ere, -x, -uctum: equip, draw up, 6
r, aris n.: air, 7 itaque: and so, 8
affici, -ere, -fc, fectum: influence, treat, 13 iung, -ere, iunx, -iunctum: to join, 3
la, -ae f.: wing, 2 mane, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9
mentia, -ae f.: madness, 2 membrum, - n.: limb, member, 10
arbitror, -r, -tus sum: to judge, think, 11 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7
ascend, -ere, -, -nsus: ascend, mount, 3 nec (1): to kill, slay, put to death, 9
Athenae, -rum f.: Athens, 1 occsi, -inis f.: chance, opportunity, 6
csus, -s m.: misfortune, accident, event, 8 occid, -ere, -cid, -csus: kill, cut down, 14
crucitus, -s m.: torture, 2 omitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: neglect, omit, 6
crdlis, -e: cruel, bitter, bloody, 6 opprim, -ere, -press: to overpower 5
currus, -s m.: chariot, cart, 2 r (1): pray (for), entreat, beseech, 5
dlbor, -lb, -lapsum: slip or fall down, 1 praebe, -re, -u, -itum: to present, give, 7
dormi, -re, -v: to sleep, 8 precs, -um: prayer, entreaty, 3
drac, -nis m.: dragon, serpent, 7 sve: whether, or, 6
rig, -ere, -rx, -rectum: raise up, lift, 1 sl, slis m.: sun, 10
excd, -ere, -cess, -cessum: go out, depart, 2 st (1): to stand, 8
flius, -i m.: son, 10 sub: under, 4
fugi, fugere, fg, --: to flee, hurry away, 9 subdc, -ere, -dx, -ductum: draw up, 2
furor, -ris m.: rage, fury, madness, 4 Thessalia, -ae f.: Thessaly, 4
Glauc, -s f.: Glauce, 4 umbra, -ae f.: shade, shadow, 1
iace, -re, -u: to lie, lie low, 3 veh, -ere, vx, vectum: to convey, carry, 5
impell, -ere, pul, pulsum: drive on incite 3 vestis, -is f.: clothing, 12
incolumis, -e: inscathed, uninjured, safe, 7 vta, -ae, f.: life, 9
indu, -ere, indu, indtum: put on, 8 vix: with difficulty, with effort, scarcely, 5
1 Glauc: nom. subject; Greek 1st decl. sibi: reflexive, dat. of interest
2 paul post: a little later; abl. of degree smanret: fut. pf. ind. subordinate
of difference verb made subjunctive in ind. disc.
crdl: abl. i-stem modifies crucit 5 utpraebret: that; ind. command
Hsgests: abl. abs. 7 cui: to whichhad been joined
4 magnumfore perculum: that mittendam (esse): must not be omitted
would be; ~futrum esse, ind. disc governed 10 Acciditutdormret: it happened
by arbitrta (PPP arbitror) that; noun result clause
81. HOMEWARD BOUND
Urbem Troiam Graecs decem anns obsessam esse satis cnstat; d 1
hc enim bell Homerus, maximus potrum Graecrum, Iliadem, opus
ntissimum, scrpsit. Troi tandem per nsidis capt, Graec long bell
fess domum redre mtrvrunt. Omnibus rbus igitur ad profectinem
parts, nvs ddxrunt, et tempesttem idneam nact magn cum 5
gaudi solvrunt. Erat inter prims Graecrum Ulixs qudam, vir
summae virttis ac prudentiae, quem dicunt nnnull dolum istum
excgitsse qu Troiam captam esse cnstat. Hic rgnum nsulae Ithacae
obtinuerat, et paul antequam cum reliqus Graecs ad bellum profectus
est, puellam formsissimam, nmine Pnelopn, in mtrimnium 10
dxerat. Nunc igitur cum iam decem anns quasi in exsili
consumpsisset, magn cupiditte patriae et uxris videndae rdbat.
accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 imper (1): order, command, 12
alius, -a, -ud: other, another, else, 9 incola, -ae m.: inhabitant, 7
ancora, ancorae f.: anchor, 7 Libya, -ae f.: Libya, 3
appell (1): call (by name), name, 12 ltus, - f.: lotus, 1
appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 mior, mius: greater, larger; older, 1
aqua, -ae f.: water, 11 mane, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9
cibus, - m.: food, 5 merds, - m.: midday, noon; south, 2
confirm (1): make strong, strengthen, 5 mlle (pl. mlia): thousand, 7
consist, -ere, -stit, -stitum: stand still, 1 mrus, -a, -um: wonderful, amazing, 7
corior, -orr, -ortus sum: to arise, 4 natra, -ae. f.: nature, 9
cursus, -s m.: course, running, haste, 10 nnnllus, -a, -um: not none, some, 3
decimus, -a, -um: tenth, 1 obltus, -a, -um: forgetful, unmindful, 1
dfer, -ferre, -tul, -ltum: carry off, 1 obviam: in the way of, opposite to (+ dat.) 3
disici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: scatter, 1 patria, -ae f.: fatherland, country, 8
dulcis, -e: sweet, dear, fresh, 2 perpetuus, -a, -um: perpetual, everlasting, 1
expn, -ere, -su, -situm: set out, explain 7 qualis, -e: of what sort?, 1
fons, fontis m.: origin, fount, source, 3 semper: always, ever, forever, 2
frctus, -s m.: enjoyment, fruit, 1 Troia, -ae f.: Troy, 9
Graecus, -a, -um: Greek, 14 veh, -ere, vx, vectum: to convey, carry, 5
gust (1): taste, 2 vescor, vesc: to feed on, eat (+ abl.) 3
hospitium, n.: hospitality, 5 vinc, -ere, vc, victum: conquer overcome 1
iaci, -ere, ic, iactum: throw, cast, 1
1 mlia passuum: formiles; acc. of extent 9 accidit: it happened that; noun result clause
2 utposset: thatwere able; result erum hominum: of those men; with pars
4 v: irreg. abl. of means, vs inconsisteret: depended on; consists on
5 qu: who might; relative of purpose 11 gust(v)issent: sycopated plpf. subj.
6 qulis..reginis: what..; ind. question oblt: having forgotten; + gen., PPP dep.
7 imperta: orders; things ordered, PPP smansrs (esse): that; fut. inf.
8 quibusdam..obviam fact: put in the way of 12 utvscerentur: might eat; purpose
some from the inhabitants; PPP faci clause, vscor governs an abl. object
hospiti: with hospitality; abl. manner dulc: ablative sg., i-stem 3rd decl. adj.
83. THE RESCUE
Ulixs cum ab hr septim ad vesperum exspectsset, veritus n 1
soci su in percul versrentur, nnnulls reliqus msit, ut quae
causa esset morae cognscerent. H igitur in terram exposit ad
vicum qu non long aberat s contulerunt; qu cum vnissent,
socis sus quasi vn bris repperrunt. Tum ubi causam 5
veniend docurunt, es persudere cnbantur ut scum ad nvem
redrent. Ill tamen resistere ac man s defendere coeprunt, saepe
clamitants s numquam ex e loc abitrs. Quae cum ita essent,
nunti r infect ad Ulixem redirunt. Hs rbus cognits ipse cum
omnibus qu in nv relict erant ad locum vnit; et socis sus 10
frustr horttus ut su sponte redrent, manibus erum post terga
vincts invits ad nvem reportvit. Tum ancors sublts quam
celerrim port solvit.
absum, -esse, fu: to be away, be absent, 7 persude, -re, -sus, -susum: persuade, 9
ancora, ancorae f.: anchor, 7 portus, -s m.: harbort, port, 3
clamit (1): call out, 1 quasi: as if, 4
cnor, cnr, cntus sum: to try, attempt, 7 relinqu, -ere, -lqu, -lictum: leave behind, 9
dfend, dfendere, -ns, -nsum: to defend, 1 reperi, -re, repper, repertum: find out, 9
doce, -re, -u, -ctus: teach, tell, 9 report (1): to carry back, bring back, 1
brius, -a, -um: drunk, inebriated, 1 resist, -ere, -stit: resist, oppose; stand, 2
expn, -ere, -su, -situm: set out, explain 7 saepe: often, 1
frustr: in vain, for nothing, 13 septimus, -a, -um: seventh, 2
hora, -ae f.: hour, 5 sponte: of ones own will, voluntarily, 2
hortor, -r, -tus sum: to encourage, urge, 4 tergum, - n.: back, 8
infici, -ere, -fc, -fectum: stain, dye, 4 toll, tolle, sustul, subltum: raise, lift up 10
invtus, -a, -um: unwilling, 2 vereor, -r, -itus: be afraid, fear; revere, 5
long: far, far and wide, 6 versor (1): be engaged, move about, live, 3
mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14 vesper, vesper m.: evening, 4
nnnllus, -a, -um: not none, some, 3 vcus, - m.: village, 1
numquam: never, at no time, 4 vinci, -re, vnx, vnctus: bind, tie, 4
nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
animadvert, -ere: turn mind to, notice, 6 lc, lactis n.: milk, 1
appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 mgnitd, -tdinis f.: size, greatness, 13
cond, ere, condid, -ditum: found, store up 2 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10
contend, -ere, -, -tus: strive; hasten; fight 11 mror, -r, -tus: to wonder, be amazed at, 7
copia, -ae f.: abundance, supply; troops, 10 muni, -re, -v, -tum: to fortify, build, 2
Cyclps, Cyclpis m.: Cyclops, 7 natra, -ae. f.: nature, 9
duodecim: twelve, 6 nox, noctis, f.: night, 7
ets: even if, although, though, 13 oculus, -, m.: eye, 7
explor (1): search out, explore, 2 porta, -ae f.: gate, 7
fma, -ae f.: fame, reputation, report, rumor 7 postrdi: the day after, the next day, 4
figra, -ae f.: form, shape, 1 rmus, - m.: oar, 4
frns, frontis f.: forehead, 1 sdes, sdis f.: seat; abode, home, 5
horribilis, -e: horrible, dreadful, 11 sonitus, - m.: sound, noise, clang, 1
hmnus, -a, -um: cultured, refined, 4 terribilis, -e: terrible, dreadful, 5
ignr (1): not know, be ignorant, 5 torque, -re, tors, tortum: to twist, turn, 1
intr (1): go into, enter, 7 ttus -a, -um: whole, entire, 14
introitus, -s m.: entrance, 6 vs, vsis n.: vessel, 5
4 paulum: a little; adv. acc. quis: wonder who; ind. quest., impf. subj.
progress: dep. PPP progredior 10 oculstorts: abl. abs., PPP torque
5 quam: which; acc. subj. of habitr 11 hmnfigr: of; abl. of quality
eius: its; i.e. the caves 12 ingent magnitdine: of...; abl. of quality
6 introitum..muntum esse: that...; ind. disc. 13 mnstumhabre: ind. disc.
7 sfactrs (esse): would do; fut. inf. tantum: only; an adverb
8 quod: this; which object of fcissent 14 positum: placed; modifies oculum
9 condtam: stored up; PPP or pf. pass. inf. hunc: that this; acc. subject
(add esse) in ind. discourse d quibus: about whom
85. THE GIANT'S SUPPER
Cyclps autem pstrs erant qudam qu nsulam Siciliam et praecipu 1
montem Aetnam incolbant; ibi enim Volcnus, praeses fabrrum et ignis
inventor, cuius serv Cyclps erant, officnam suam habbat.
Graec igitur simul ac mnstrum vdrunt, terrre paene exanimt in
interirem partem spluncae refgrunt et s ibi abdere cnbantur. 5
Polyphmus autem (sc enim Cyclps appellbatur) pecus suum in
spluncam compulit; deinde, cum sax ingent portam obstrxisset,
ignem in medi splunc fcit. Hc fact, ocul omnia perlstrabat, et
cum snsisset homins in interire parte spluncae esse abdits, magn
vce exclmvit: "Qu homins estis? Merctrs an latrns?" Tum 10
Ulixs respondit s neque merctrs esse neque praedand caus
vnisse; sed Troi redeunts v tempesttum rect curs dpulss
esse. rvit etiam ut sibi sine iniri abre liceret. Tum Polyphmus
quaesivit ubi esset nvis qu vect essent; sed Ulixs, cum sibi maxim
praecavendum esse bene intellegeret, respondit nvem suam in rps 15
coniectam omnn fractam esse. Polyphemus autem nll respons dat
duo socis man corripuit, et membrs erum divulss carnem devrre
coepit.
abd, -ere, -did, -ditus: to hide, put away, 3 interior, -ius: interior, 3
abe, -re, -i, -itus: go away, go off, depart, 6 inventor, -oris m.: inventor, discoverer, 1
Aetna, -ae f.: Aetna, 1 inveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: come upon,
an: or (in questions), 1 find, 8
appell (1): call (by name), name, 12 latr, -nis m.: robber, 1
bene: well, 5 licet, -re, -uit: is allowed, permitted, 5
car, carnis f.: flesh, meat, 4 maxim: especially, very greatly, 5
compell, -ere, -pul: drive together, 3 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10
conici, -ere, -ic: throw together, throw, take membrum, - n.: limb, member, 10
oneself, 13 merctor, -ris m.: trader, merchant, 3
cnor, cnr, cntus sum: to try, attempt, 7 mons, montis m.: mountain, mount, 5
corripi, -ere, -u, -reptus: snatch (up), 6 obstru, -ere, -x, -ctum: block, close off 4
cursus, -s m.: course, running, haste, 10 oculus, -, m.: eye, 7
Cyclps, Cyclpis m.: Cyclops, 7 officina, -ae f.: workshop, shop, factory, 1
deinde: then, thereupon, 8 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11
dpell, -ere, -pul, -pulsum: drive away, r (1): pray (for), entreat, beseech, 5
drive off, 3 paene: almost, nearly, 8
dvor (1): swallow down, devour, 4 pastor, pastoris m.: shepherd, 2
dvell, -ere, -vell, -vulsum: tear apart, 1 pecus, pecoris n.: herd, flock, 4
exanim (1): to kill, exhaust, 9 perlustr (1): look over, examine, 2
exclm (1): cry out, 3 porta, -ae f.: gate, 7
faber, fabr m.: smith, engineer, 2 praecave, -re, -cv, -cautum: take
frang, -ere, frg, frctus: break, shatter, 1 precautions, guard against, 1:
ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 praecipu; especially, 2
incol, -ere, -u: inhabit, 4 praedor, -r, -tus sum: plunder, 1
iniria, -ae f.: wrong, insult, injustice, 2 praeses, praesidis m.: protector, 1
85. THE GIANT'S SUPPER
rectus, -a, -um: direct, straight, 2 simul: at the same time; at once, together, 10
refugi, -ere, -fg: flee back, 5 terror, terrris m.: terror, fright, 4
responde, -re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13 Troia, -ae f.: Troy, 9
rps, rpis f.: rock, cliff, 6 veh, -ere, vx, vectum: to convey, carry, 5
servus, -, m.: slave, 2 Volcnus, - m.: Vulcan, 13
sc: thus, in this way, 2 vx, vcis, f.: voice, 9
Sicilia, -ae f.: Sicily, 1
ag, agere, g, ctum: drive, lead, spend, 13 horribilis, -e: horrible, dreadful, 11
move, -re, -mv, -mtum: move away, 5 hortor, -r, -tus sum: to encourage, urge, 4
animadvert, -ere: turn mind to, notice, 6 hum: on the ground, 2
antea: before, earlier, formerly, previously, 7 introitus, -s m.: entrance, 6
antequam: before, 9 mgnitd, -tdinis f.: size, greatness, 13
arbitror, -r, -tus sum: to judge, think, 11 mors, mortis, f.: death, 9
cna, -ae f.: dinner, 5 nihil: nothing, 14
cnor, cnr, cntus sum: to try, attempt, 7 obstru, -ere, -strx, -strctum: build
decem: ten, 4 against, block, 4
dmitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: to drop, 3 occsi, -inis f.: chance, opportunity, 6
dmnstrvit occup (1): occupy, seize, 8
dpell, -ere, -pul, -pulsum: drive away, offer, -ferre, -tul, obltum: offer, present 5
drive off, 3 omitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: neglect, omit, 6
dpon, -ere, -su, -situm: put down, deposit9 pectus, pectoris n.: breast, chest, heart, 3
dsist, -ere, -stit, -stitum: desist, stop, 5 praesns, -sentis: present, 1
dspr (1): to despair, give up, 4 prostern, -ere, -strv, -tum: to lay out, 3
discrmen, -crminis n.: crisis, peril, 5 prsum, prdesse, prfu: profit, benefit, 6
dubius, -a, -um: doubtful, uncertain, 3 quidem: indeed, in fact, assuredly, certainly, 8
d, -ere, did, ditum: give out, put forth, 3 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12
vad, -ere, vs, vsum: go out, escape 9 rati, -nis f.: plan, method, means, reason, 2
existim (1): judge, consider, regard, think, 2 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14
explor (1): search out, explore, 2 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8
fams, -is f.: hunger, 3 temer: rashly, 1
fer, ferre, tul, ltus: carry, bear, endure, 10 terror, terrris m.: terror, fright, 4
fortna, -ae f.: fortune, chance, luck, 3 trnsfg, -fgere, -fx, -fxum: pierce, 4
gladius, - m.: sword, 10 vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
Graecus, -a, -um: Greek, 14 vx, vcis, f.: voice, 9
86. A DESPERATE SITUATION
1 utexspectrent: that; result 9 prfutrum (esse): there would be no
nquidem: not even benefit to him; adv. acc. or inner acc.
2 omn spdposit: abl. abs. 10 nquidem: not even by ten men
4 hum: on the ground; locative 11 hc cnt: from; abl. of separation
somndedit: gave himself to sleep 13 ndmitterent: neg. ind. command
quod: this; which, d.o. of vdisset 14 anims: courage; as often, in the plural
5 gerendae: of carrying out this matter svsisse: that they had escaped; pf.
mittendum (esse): had to be omitted; 15 nequequn: there is not a doubt that
pass. periphastic in secondary sequence 16 d: the gods; de, nom. pl.
6 nihilagendum (esse): that; cf. l. 15 latr essent: plpf. pass. subj. fer
87. A PLAN FOR VENGEANCE
Ort lce Polyphmus iam somn excittus idem quod hestern 1
di fcit; correpts enim dubus reliqus virs carnem erum sine
mor devrvit. Tum, cum saxum movisset, ipse cum pecore su
ex splunc progressus est; quod cum Graec viderent, magnam in
spem s post paulum vsrs vnrunt. Mox tamen ab hc sp 5
repuls sunt; nam Polyphmus, postquam omns ovs exirunt,
saxum in locum restituit. Reliqu omn sp saltis dposit laments
lacrimsque s dedrunt; Ulixs vr, qu, ut supr
dmnstrvimus, vir magn fuit cnsil, ets intellegbat rem in
discrmine esse, nndum omnn desperbat. Tandem, postquam 10
di haec tt anim cogitvit, hoc cnsilium cpit. ligns quae in
splunc rposita erant palum magnum dlgit. Hunc summ cum
dligenti praeacutum fcit; tum, postquam socis quid fier vellet
ostendit, redtum Polyphem exspectbat.
affer, -ferre, attul, alltum: carry to bring 5 occsi, -inis f.: chance, opportunity, 6
antea: before, earlier, formerly, previously, 7 omitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: neglect, omit, 6
appell (1): call (by name), name, 12 opprim, -ere, -press: to overpower, 5
beneficium, - n.: benefit, favor; kindness, 8 percipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: feel perceive 5
bib, -ere, bib: drink, 4 pet, petere, petv, pettum: seek, aim at, 10
cn (1): to dine, eat dinner, 2 pculum, - n.: cup, 7
cibus, - m.: food, 5 postremus, -a, -um: last, 1
comple, -re, v, -pltum: fill full, fill up, 1 pr: before, in front of, for, 9
convoc (1): to call together, 3 prm, -ere, -mps, -mptum: to bring out, 1
dvor (1): swallow down, devour, 4 provoc (1): call forth, 1
exhauri, -re, -aus, -austum: drink up, 1 recumb, -ere, u: lie back, lie down, 2
facults, -ttis f.: ability, opportunity, 5 reple, -re, -plv, -pltum: fill again, fill, 4
grtia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 responde, -re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13
gust (1): taste, 2 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14
inquam, inquis, inquit: to say, 6 tertius, -a, -um: third, 2
iterum: again, a second time, 3 ttus -a, -um: whole, entire, 14
loquor, loqu, loctus sum: speak, address, 9 tu: you, 10
nm, nllus, nmin, nminem, ter, tris m.: skin, wine-skin, 1
nll/nll: no one, 6 vesper, vesper m.: evening, 4
nmen, nminis, n.: name, 12 volupts, -ttis f.: pleasure, delight, 2
numquam: never, at no time, 4
abd, -ere, -did, -ditus: to hide, put away, 3 insnia, -ae f.: insanity, madness, 1
abe, -re, -i, -itus: go away, go off, depart, 6 intere: meanwhile, 7
adst, -stre, -stit: to stand at or near, 1 introitus, -s m.: entrance, 6
affici, -ere, -fc, fectum: influence, treat, 13 lgnum, - n.: wood, 4
ag, agere, g, ctum: to act, drive, lead, nec: and not, nor, 10
spend, 13 nm, nllus, nmin, nminem,
arbitror, -r, -tus sum: to judge, think, 11 nll/nll: no one, 6
caecus, -a, -um: blind, 2 ob: on account of (acc.), 13
calefaci, -ere, -fc, -factum: make hot, 1 oculus, -, m.: eye, 7
clmor, -ris m.: shout, roar, applause, 4 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11
cnor, cnr, cntus sum: to try, attempt, 7 rtio, -ionis f.: speaking, speech, language, 2
conveni, -re, vn, ventum: come together 8 plus, - m.: stake, 2
Cyclps, Cyclpis m.: Cyclops, 7 perfodi, -ere, -fd, -fossum: dig through, 1
dversus, -a, -um: different, contrary, 1 poste: after this, afterwards, 7
dormi, -re, -v: to sleep, 8 prehend, -ere, -hend, -hnsum: seize, 5
dubius, -a, -um: doubtful, uncertain, 3 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12
effici, -ere, -fc, -fectus: make, form, 3 resist, -ere, -stit: resist, oppose; stand, 2
err (1): wander, 3 responde, -re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13
excit (1): excite, rouse, incite, 8 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14
extrmus, -a, -um: outermost, farthest, last, 2 supplicium, -i n.; punishment, supplication, 5
ferve, -re: to boil; glow, 1 terribilis, -e: terrible, dreadful, 5
haud: by no means, not at all, 4 toll, tolle, sustul, subltum: raise, lift up 10
ignis, ignis, m.: fire, 9 tu: you, 10
incid, -ere, -cid: fall into, fall upon, 3 undique: from everywhere, from all sides, 7
infer, -ferre, -tul, -ltus: bring on, wage, 3 vulner (1): wound, injure, 7
inquam, inquis, inquit: to say, 6
1 hchabit: this speech made; idiom 4 sustulit: raised; pf. toll, see also l. 20
ign: abl. of means, 3rd decl. i-stem noun 7 adstants: standing near; pres. pple
2 fervent: abl., 3rd decl. i-stem adj. (pple) 12 haudquin: it is by means doubtful that
qu fact: abl. abs. translate qu as this 13 quibus: whom; dat. of compound verb
90. THE ESCAPE
Polyphmus, ubi socis sus abiisse snsit, furre atque menti 1
impulsus Ulixem iterum quaerere coepit; tandem cum portam
invnisset, saxum qu obstructa erat movit, ut pecus in agrs
exret. Tum ipse in introit cnsdit, et ut quaeque ovis ad hunc
locum vnerat, eius tergum manibus tractbat, n vir inter ovs 5
exre possent. Quod cum animadvertisset Ulixs, intellxit omnem
spem saltis in dol magis quam in virtte pon. Itaque hoc
cnsilium iniit. Prmum trs qus vdit pinguissims ex ovibus
dlgit, qus cum inter s vminibus coninxisset, num ex socis
sus ventribus erum ita subicit ut omnn latret; deinde ovs 10
hominem scum ferents ad portam git. Id accidit quod fore
suspictus erat. Polyphmus enim postquam terga ovium manibus
tractvit, es praeterre passus est. Ulixs ubi rem tam flciter
vnisse vdit, omns socis sus ex rdine edem mod msit;
qu fact ipse nvissimus vsit. 15
abe, -re, -i, -itus: go away, go off, depart, 6 iterum: again, a second time, 3
accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 late, -re, -u: lie hidden, 1
ager, -gr m.: land, field, territory, 11 magis: more, rather, 1
ag, agere, g, ctum: drive, lead, spend, 13 novus, -a, -um: new, 4
mentia, -ae f.: madness, 2 obstru, -ere, -x, -ctum: block, close off 4
move, -re, -mv, -mtum: move away, 5 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11
animadvert, -ere: turn mind to, notice, 6 rd, rdinis m.: arrangement, order, rank, 1
coniung, -ere, -nx, -nctum: join together, 2 ovis, ovis f.: sheep, 6
consd, -ere, -sd, sessum: sit down, settle 1 passus, -s: pace, 7
deinde: then, thereupon, 8 pecus, pecoris n.: herd, flock, 4
dlig, -ere, -lg, -lectum: choose, select, 6 pinguis, -e: fat, 1
dolus, - m.: trick, deceit, 4 pon, ponere, posu, positum: to place, put, 5
mitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: send out, 2 porta, -ae f.: gate, 7
vad, -ere, vs, vsum: go out, escape, 9 praetere, -re, -v, -itum: go pass, pass by 1
veni, -re: turn out, happen, 8 quisque, quidque: each one, each person, 3
exe, -re, -i, -itus: go out, 5 subici, -ere, -ic, -iectum: cast under, 1
fliciter: happily, fortunately, 3 suspic, -re, -v, -tum: suspect, mistrust, 7
fer, ferre, tul, ltus: carry, bear, endure, 10 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8
furor, -ris m.: rage, fury, madness, 4 tergum, - n.: back, 8
impell, -ere, pul, pulsum: drive on incite 3 tract (1): to handle, touch, 2
ine, -re, -, -itum: go into, enter, 4 trs, tria: three, 9
inter: between, among (+ acc.), 10 venter, ventris m.: belly, 1
introitus, -s m.: entrance, 6 vmen, vminis n.: willow, 1
inveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: find, discover 8 virts, -tis f.: valor, manhood, excellence, 10
itaque: and so, 8
1 abiisse: pf. inf. ab-e in ind. discourse obstructa erat: it; supply porta as subject
3 qu: by which; abl. mean utexret: so that; purpose, exe
90. THE ESCAPE
4 ut: as; as often, ut + indicative of verb
quaeque: each; nom. sg. modifies fem. ovis itaut: in such a waythat; result clause
5 npossent: neg. purpose, impf. possum 11 ferents: pres. pple, fer
6 quod: this; which git: pf. ag
7 magis quam: more than; magis is an adv. Idsuspictus erat: it happened as he
pon: was placed; pres. pass. inf. pon had suspected that it would be; that which
8 iniit: he initiated; pf. in-e he had suspected would be happened; id
prmum: first; adverb is subject; fore (~futrum esse) is fut. inf.
trs: supply acc. pl. ovs 12 ovium: of the sheep; i-stem gen. pl.
pinguissims: superlative adj. 13 es: them; i.e. the sheep
9 qus cum: whenthese (sheep) passus est: allowed; pf. dep. patior
inter s: to one another 15 qu fact: this done; abs.: which done
10 sus ventribus: under; dat compound nvissimus: last; most recent
91. OUT OF DANGER
Hs rbus ita confects, Ulixs veritus n Polyphmus fraudem 1
sentret, cum socis quam celerrim ad ltus contendit; qu cum
vnissent, ab es qu nv praesidi relict erant magn cum laetti
except sunt. H enim cum anxis anims iam trs dis continus
reditum erum exspectvissent, suspict (id quidem quod erat) es 5
in aliquod perculum magnum incidisse, ips auxiliand caus
gred parbant. Tum Ulixs non satis ttum arbitrtus in e loc
manre, quam celerrim proficisc cnstituit. Iussit igitur omns
nvem cnscendere, et ancors sublts paulum ltore in altum
prvectus est. Tum magn voce exclmvit: "T, Polyphme, qu 10
ira hospit spernis, istam et debitam poenam immnittis tuae
solvist." Hc voce audt Polyphmus r vehementer commtus
ad mare s contulit, et ubi nvem paulum ltore remtam esse
intellxit, saxum ingns man correptum in eam partem conicit
unde vcem venre snsit. Graec autem, etsi nn multum fuit 15
qun submergerentur, nll damn accept cursum tenurunt.
adlig (1): bind to, tie to, 2 mlle (pl. mlia): thousand, 7
Aeolia, -ae f.: Aeolia, 2 mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14
Aeolus, - m.: Aeolus, 2 nvigti, -nis f.: sailing, voyage, 2
ag, agere, g, ctum: drive, lead, spend, 13 passus, -s: pace, 7
antrum, - n.: cave, 1 patria, -ae f.: fatherland, country, 8
appell, -ere, -pul, -puls: drive to, 14 persude, -re, -sus, -susum: persuade, 9
beneficium, - n.: benefit, favor; kindness, 8 portus, -s m.: harbort, port, 3
carcer, -eris m.: prison, 1 praeter: except, besides, 2
commoror, -r, -tum: delay, linger, tarry, 3 prem, -ere, press, pressum: press, check, 1
corium, - n.: hide, leather, 1 pr: before, in front of, for, 9
cupidus, -a, -um: desirous, eager, 1 profecti, -tinis f.: departure, start, 3
dnum, - n.: gift, 6 recipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: accept, take
excipi, ere, cp, ceptum: receive, welcome9 back, 8
excld, -ere, -s, -sum: shut out, hinder, 2 recuper (1): recover, 1
fer: almost, nearly, closely, 1 saccus, - m.: sack, bag, 5
frn (1): to bridle, restrain, 1 sci, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9
grtia, -ae f.: graditude, favor, thanks, 10 secundus, -a, -um: following, favorable, 2
hospitium, n.: hospitality, 5 septimus, -a, -um: seventh, 2
imperium, -i n.: power to command, rule, 2 sonrus, -a, -um: sounding, loud, noisy, 1
incld, -ere, -s, -sum: close in, shut in, 7 statu, -ere, -u, -tus: establish, build, 3
libenter: gladly, willingly, 12 vastus, -a, -um: waste, huge, enormous, 1
luctor, -r, -tus sum: wrestle, struggle, 1 vinculum, - n.: bond, chain, 4
mlus, - m.: mast, pole, 1 Zephyrus, - m.: Zephyrus, 1
meridinus, -a, -um: midday, noonday, 1
92. THE COUNTRY OF THE WINDS
1 mlia passuum: few miles; acc. extent 8 s rcpissent: had retreated; idiom
3 Hc vastfrnat: prose word order: Hc n: so thatmight not; neg. purpose
in vast antr Aelus imperi premit ac 9 proficiscendum (esse): that he had to
vincls et carcere frnat luctants vents et set out; pass. periphrastic with dat. agent
tempestts sonrs 11 profectr: to the one about to set out
5 imperi premit: checks with his power 14 navigantsecundus: favorable to the
vincls et carcere: with chains and prison one sailing; dative of interest, pres. pple.
6 hospiti: with hospitality; abl. of manner 15 grtisacts: abl. abs. PPP ag, given
utcommorrentur: that; result 16 omnibusparts: abl. abs.
advrs: for;employ a gerundive- ad: for
gerund flip and translate this gerundive meridintempore: abl. time when
(adj). as a gerund with an object 17 solvit: set sail
93. THE WIND-BAG
Novem dis secundissim vent cursum tenurunt, iamque in 1
cnspectum patriae suae vnerant, cum Ulixs lassitdine
confectus (ipse enim gubernbat) ad quitem capiendam recubuit.
At soci, qu iam dudum mrbantur quid in ill sacc inclsum
esset, cum ducem somn oppressum vidrent, tantam occsinem 5
nn omittendam arbitrt sunt; credbant enim aurum et argentum
ibi esse clta. Itaque sp lucr adduct saccum sine mor solvrunt,
qu fact vent
velut agmine fact,
qu data porta, ruunt et terras turbine perflant. 10
Hc tanta tempests subit corta est ut ill cursum tenre nn
possent sed in eandem partem unde erant profect referrentur.
Ulixs somn excittus qu in loc rs esset statim intellxit;
saccum soltum, Ithacam post tergum relictam vdit. Tum vr r
vehementer exrsit socisque obiurgbat quod cupiditte pecniae 15
adduct spem patriae videndae pricissent.
addc, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 obiurg (1): child, scold, reproach, 2
agmen, agminis n.: formation, battle line, 1 occsi, -inis f.: chance, opportunity, 6
arbitror, -r, -tus sum: to judge, think, 11 omitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: neglect, omit, 6
argentum, - n.: silver, 1 opprim, -ere, -press: to overpower 5
aurum, - n.: gold, 3 patria, -ae f.: fatherland, country, 8
cl (1): hide, conceal, 5 pecnia, -ae f.: money, 1
conspectus, -s m.: sight, view, 6 perfl (1): to blow over, 1
corior, -orr, -ortus sum: to arise, 4 porta, -ae f.: gate, 7
crd, -ere, -did, -ditum: believe, trust, 2 proici, -icere, -ic, -iectum: throw forth, 4
cupidits, -ttis f.: desire, passion, 5 quis, quitis f.: rest, repose, sleep, 5
cursus, -s m.: course, running, haste, 10 recumb, -ere, u: lie back, lie down, 2
ddum: a short time ago; just now, once, 2 relinqu, -ere, -lqu, -lictum: leave behind, 9
dux, ducis m/f.: leader, guide, chieftain, 5 ru, -ere, ru: rush, 2
exrdsc, -ere, -rs, -rsum: catch fire, 2 saccus, - m.: sack, bag, 5
excit (1): excite, rouse, incite, 8 secundus, -a, -um: following, favorable, 2
gubern (1): steer, direct, 1 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14
incld, -ere, -s, -sum: close in, shut in, 7 tene, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13
ra, rae f.: anger, 12 tergum, - n.: back, 8
itaque: and so, 8 turb, turbinis m.: whirlwind, 1
Ithaca, -ae f.: Ithaca, 3 unde: whence, from which source, 6
lassitd, -inis f.: weariness, 2 vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
lucrum, - n.: gain, profit; money, 1 velut: just as, even as, as, 1
mror, -r, -tus: to wonder, be amazed at, 7 ventus, - m.: wind, 10
mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14 vr: in truth, in fact, certainly, 5
novem: nine, 3
93. THE WIND-BAG
1 Novem dis: for; acc. duration of time 7 clta (esse): two neuter acc. are subject
3 confectus: exhausted adduct: drawn; PPP, nom. pl.
adcapidendum: to take rest; for 9 velut: just as; the winds are likened to
taking, use a gerund-gerundive flip troops sacking a city; from Aeneid I.82-84
4 quid: what; ind. question plpf. pass. agmine fact: abl. abs.
subjunctive: translate in plpf. pass. tense 10 qu data (est) porta: where; relative cl.
5 oppressum: overcome; PPP opprim 14 soltum (et) loosened and
6 mittendam (esse): must not be neglected; 15 quodpricissent: subj., alleged cause
passive periphrastic in indirect discourse 16 videndae: of; gerundive-gerund flip
94. A DRAWING OF LOTS
Brev spati intermiss, Graec nsulae cuidam appropinquvrunt 1
in qu Circ, flia Slis, habitbat. Qu cum nvem appulisset,
Ulixs in terram frumentand caus grediendum esse statuit; nam
cognverat frmentum quod in nv habrent iam dficere. Socis
igitur ad s convocts qu in loc rs esset et quid fier vellet 5
ostendit. Cum tamen omns memori tenrent quam crudel morte
nect essent e qu nuper nv gress essent, nm repertus est
qu hoc negtium suscipere vellet. Quae cum ita essent, rs ad
contrversiam dducta est. Tandem Ulixs consens omnium
socis in dus parts divsit, qurum alter Eurylochus, vir summae 10
virttis, alter ipse praeesset. Tum h inter s sortt sunt ter in
terram gredertur. Hc fact, Euryloch sorte vnit ut cum
dubus et vigint socis rem susciperet.
accumb, -ere, accubu,: to lie (at dinner), 4 inveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: find, discover 8
addc, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 invt (1): to invite, 1
ade, -re, -i(v): go to, approach, 4 lacrima, -ae f.: tear, 10
aedific (1): make a building, build, 2 libenter: gladly, willingly, 12
aliquantum, - n.: somewhat, a little, 2 magnificentia, ae f.: splendor, magnificence 1
appn, -ere, -posu, -positum: set before, 3 mgnificus, -a, -um: splendid, magnificent, 2
benignits, -ttis f.: kindness, 1 medicmentum, - n.: drug, potion, 1
bib, -ere, bib: drink, 4 misce, -re, -u, mxtum: mix, mingle, 1
cantus, -s m.: song, singing, 1 mors, mortis, f.: death, 9
cna, -ae f.: dinner, 5 nihil: nothing, 14
compar (1): prepare, collect, 4 novits, -ttis f.: newness, novelty, 3
crd, -ere, -did, -ditum: believe, trust, 2 numquam: never, at no time, 4
domina, -ae f.: mistress, 1 obviam: in the way of, opposite to (+ dat.) 3
dubit (1): to hestitate, doubt, 5 occup (1): occupy, seize, 8
dulcd, -inis f.: sweetness, 1 opprim, -ere, -press: to overpower 5
dulcis, -e: sweet, dear, fresh, 2 stium, -i n.: mouth, entrance, 3
e, re, i (v), itrus: go, 3 quidem: indeed, in fact, assuredly, certainly, 8
Eurylochus, - m.: Eurylochus, 6 qun: nay (even), (but) that, 12
exe, -re, -i, -itus: go out, 5 relinqu, -ere, -lqu, -lictum: leave behind, 9
fors: out of doors, 1 retine, -re, -u, -tentum: hold/keep back, 3
fors: outdoors, out of doors, 1 somnus, - m.: sleep, 14
hospitium, n.: hospitality, 5 sorti, -re, iv, sorttum: to choose by lot, 2
ianua, -ae f.: door, 2 suspic, -re, -v, -tum: suspect, mistrust, 7
insidiae, -rum f.: ambush, 2 tene, tenre, tenu, tentum: to hold, keep 13
instru, -ere, -x, -uctum: equip, draw up, 6 villa, -ae f.: country-house, villa, 2
interior, -ius: interior, 3 vix: with difficulty, with effort, scarcely, 5
intr (1): go into, enter, 7 vx, vcis, f.: voice, 9
95. THE HOUSE OF THE ENCHANTRESS
accid, -ere, accid: to happen, fall (on)to, 8 mal, malle, malu: to prefer, 1
addc, -ere, -x, -ctum: to lead to, bring, 8 mane, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9
aedis, -is f.: temple, pl. house, 1 mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14
ag, agere, g, ctum: drive, lead, spend, 13 narr (1): to narrate, relate, 7
anxius, -a, -um: anxious, 3 obsecr (1): beseech, implore, entreat, 5
ars, artis f.: skill, craft, art, 5 occsus, -s m.: fall, destruction, 4
aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 stium, -i n.: mouth, entrance, 3
baculum, - n.: staff, wand, 4 perturb (1): to trouble, greatly disturb, 2
committ, -mittere, -ms: commit, entrust, 6 porcus, - m.: pig, swine, 5
complector, -plect, -plexus sum: embrace, 3 praesidium, -i n.: protection, guard, 3
convert, -ere, -, -rsus: turn (around), 6 regredior, -gred, -gressus sum: step back, 1
corripi, -ere, -u, -reptus: snatch (up), 6 responde, -re, -d, -nsus: to answer, 13
dmonstr (1): to show, demonstrate, 13 satis: enough, sufficient, 6
dsili, -re, -silu, -sultum: jump down, 1 scientia, -ae f.: knowledge, wisdom, 6
dilcid: distinctly, plainly, 1 sede, -re, sd, sessum: to sit, 6
discrmen, -crminis n.: crisis, peril, 5 sequor, -, sectus: follow, pursue, attend, 4
domus, -s f.: house, home, dwelling, 11 sl, slis m.: sun, 10
Eurylochus, - m.: Eurylochus, 6 sollicitd, sollicitdinis f.: anxiety, worry, 1
gladius, - m.: sword, 10 sollicitus, -a, -um: troubled, anxious, 1
ignarus, -a, -um: ignorant, not knowing, 1 slus, -a, -um: alone, only, lone, sole, 6
imper (1): order, command, 12 suscipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: undertake, 14
intere: meanwhile, 7 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8
invtus, -a, -um: unwilling, 2 tang, -ere, tetig, tactum: to touch, 3
iste, ista, istud: that or those (of yours), 7 llus, -a, -um: any, 3
lacrima, -ae f.: tear, 10 versor (1): be engaged, move about, live, 3
licet, -re, -uit: is allowed, permitted, 5 vix: with difficulty, with effort, scarcely, 5
magicus, -a, -um: magic, 5 vx, vcis, f.: voice, 9
96. THE CHARM
2 qu fact: this done; abl. abs. 9 impervit: ordered (dat) that; governs
3 quid in aedibus agertur: what was a dat. and ind. command (ut + subj.)
done in the house; ind. question governed 11 ns committeret: not to entrust
by the adjective ignarus himself; thatnot, ind. command
4 ad stium: near the entrance s quid: if anything more serious; quid is
6 E: to there; adverb indefinite before s; comparative adj.
tam perturbtus: so upset; predicate 13 futram (esse)adductrum (esse):
7 utposset: that; result, impf. subj. susceptrum (esse): all fut. infinitives
quae vdisset: (the things) which he in successive ind. discourse
had seen; relative of characteristic, the 14 e licere: that it is allowed for him
missing antecedent is obj. of narrre s mallet: if he preferred; impf. subj. ml
8 socisversr: that; pres. dep. inf. in 16 nll sequente: no one; abl. abs.
ind. discourse
97. THE COUNTERCHARM
Aliquantum itineris prgressus ad vllam magnificam pervnit, 1
quam cum oculs perlustrsset, statim intrre statuit; intellxit enim
hanc esse eandem domum d qu Eurylochus mentinem fcisset.
At cum in e esset ut limen intrret, subit e obviam stetit
adulscns form pulcherrim aureum baculum gerns. Hc Ulixem 5
iam domum intrantem man corripuit et, Qu ruis? inquit.
Nonne scs hanc esse Circs domum? Hc inclus sunt amic tu ex
hman speci in porcs convers. Num vs ipse in eandem
calamittem venre?" Ulixes simul ac vcem audvit, deum
Mercrium agnvit; nlls tamen precibus ab institt cnsili 10
dterrr potuit. Quod cum Mercrius snsisset, herbam quandam
e dedit, quam contr carmina multum valre dicbat. Hanc cape,
inquit, et ubi Circ t bacul tetigerit, t strict gladi impetum in
eam vid ut facis. Mercrius postquam fnem loquend fcit,
mortlis vss medi sermne relquit, 15
et procul in tenuem ex oculs vnuit auram.
adulscns, -entis: young (man), youth(ful), 3 loquor, loqu, loctus sum: speak, address, 9
agnosc, -ere, -nv, -ntum: to recognize, 4 mgnificus, -a, -um: splendid, magnificent, 2
aliquantum, - n.: somewhat, 2 medius, -a, -um: middle of, 10
amcus, - m.: friend, 6 menti, -tinis f.: mention, 2
aura, -ae f.: air, breeze, 1 mortlis, -e: mortal, 1
aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 nn-ne: introduces a yes/no question, 1
baculum, - n.: staff, wand, 4 num: question expecting negative answer, 2
calamits, -ttis f.: misfortune, calamity, 1 obviam: in the way of, opposite to (+ dat.) 3
carmen, carminis n.: song, 2 oculus, -, m.: eye, 7
contr: against (+ acc.), 7 perlustr (1): look over, examine, 2
convert, -ere, -, -rsus: turn (around), 6 porcus, - m.: pig, swine, 5
corripi, -ere, -u, -reptus: snatch (up), 6 precs, -um: prayer, entreaty, 3
dterre, -re, -u, territum: frighten off, 1 procul: from afar, from a distance, 5
domus, -s f.: house, home, dwelling, 11 pulcher, -chra, -chrum: beautiful, pretty, 2
Eurylochus, - m.: Eurylochus, 6 ru, -ere, ru: rush, 2
vanesc, -ere, vanu: vanish, pass away, 1 sci, -re, -v (i), -tus: know, understand, 9
fnis, -is m./f.: end, limit, border, boundary, 12 serm, sermnis m.: conversation, talk, 2
forma, -ae, f.: beauty, shape, form, 3 simul: at the same time; at once, together, 10
gladius, - m.: sword, 10 statu, -ere, -u, -tus: establish, build, 3
herba, -ae f.: plant, grass, 6 string, -ere, strinx, strictum: to draw out, 3
hmnus, -a, -um: cultured, refined, 4 tang, -ere, tetig, tactum: to touch, 3
impetus, -s m.: attack, onset, assault, 9 tenuis, -e: thin, 1
incld, -ere, -s, -sum: close in, shut in, 7 tu: you, 10
inquam, inquis, inquit: to say, 6 tuus, -a, -um: your, yours, 3
institu, -ere, -u, -tum: establish, set, 1 vale, -re, u: be strong, fare well, be able, 5
intr (1): go into, enter, 7 villa, -ae f.: country-house, villa, 2
lmen, lminis n.: threshold, 1 vx, vcis, f.: voice, 9
97. THE COUNTERCHARM
accumb, -ere, accubu,: to lie (at dinner), 4 loquor, loqu, loctus sum: speak, address, 9
adim, -ere, -m: take away, deprive, 1 magnific: magnificently, splendidly, 1
aliter: otherwise, in another way, 3 Mercurius, - m.: Mercury, 8
antea: before, earlier, formerly, previously, 7 minitor, -r, -tus sum: threaten, 1
ars, artis f.: skill, craft, art, 5 mors, mortis, f.: death, 9
aureus, -a, -um: golden, 13 obsecr (1): beseech, implore, entreat, 5
baculum, - n.: staff, wand, 4 omnn: altogether, wholely, entirely, 11
benignus, -a, -um: kind, 4 patefaci, -ere, -fc, -factum: to lay open, 2
cna, -ae f.: dinner, 5 pculum, - n.: cup, 7
cibus, - m.: food, 5 porcus, - m.: pig, swine, 5
convert, -ere, -, -rsus: turn (around), 6 praecipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: order, take, 6
dpell, -ere, -pul, -pulsum: drive away, 3 puls (1): to strike against, knock, 3
effici, -ere, -fc, -fectus: make, form, 3 quisquam, quidquam: anyone, anything, 4
ets: even if, although, though, 13 reple, -re, -plv, -pltum: fill again, fill, 4
veni, -re: turn out, happen, 8 spatium, -i n.: space, span, extent, 6
excipi, ere, cp, ceptum: receive, welcome9 spr (1): hope (for), expect, 5
exhauri, -re, -aus, -austum: drink up, 1 string, -ere, strinx, strictum: to draw out, 3
fams, -is f.: hunger, 3 sube, -re, -i: to undergo, go up (to), 5
foris, -is f.: door, entrance, 1 suspic, -re, -v, -tum: suspect, mistrust, 7
gladius, - m.: sword, 10 tang, -ere, tetig, tactum: to touch, 3
herba, -ae f.: plant, grass, 6 vale, -re, u: be strong, fare well, be able, 5
ianua, -ae f.: door, 2 vennum, - n.: poison, 7
impetus, -s m.: attack, onset, assault, 9 vennum, - n.: poison, 7
instru, -ere, -x, -uctum: equip, draw up, 6 verbum, - n.: word, speech, 4
intermitt, -ere: interrupt, break off, 5 vta, -ae, f.: life, 9
lacrima, -ae f.: tear, 10
affici, -ere, -fc, fectum: influence, treat, 13 laetitia, -ae f.: joy, happiness, 3
agnosc, -ere, -nv, -ntum: to recognize, 4 Mercurius, - m.: Mercury, 8
amcus, - m.: friend, 6 mora, -ae f.: delay, hesitation, hindrance, 14
atrium, atri n.: atrium, 3 nisi: if not, unless, 2
certus, -a, -um: fixed, sure, 11 nuntius, -i m.: messenger, 12
Circaeus, -a, -um: of Circe, 1 ostend (1): show, display, 6
confirm (1): make strong, strengthen, 5 perterre, -re: frighten, terrify, 5
convert, -ere, -, -rsus: turn (around), 6 ps, pedis m.: foot, 8
debe, -re, -u, debitum: to owe, ought, 2 poena, poenae, f.: punishment, 3
domus, -s f.: house, home, dwelling, 11 porcus, - m.: pig, swine, 5
dux, ducis m/f.: leader, guide, chieftain, 5 postul (1): demand, claim, request, ask, 11
gaudium, -i n.: gladness, joy, 9 proici, -icere, -ic, -iectum: throw forth, 4
hmnus, -a, -um: cultured, refined, 4 recipi, -ere, -cp, -ceptum: take back, 8
immitt, -ere, -ms, -missum: send, et in, 2 redc, -ere, -x, -ctus: lead or bring back, 11
imper (1): order, command, 12 signum, - n.: sign, signal, 2
inru, -ere, -ru: rush in, 1 sum, sumere, sumps, sumptum: to take, 3
iur (1): to swear, 2 ung(u), -ere, unx, unctum: to oil, annoint, 1
is, iris n.: justice, law, right, 4 unguentum, - m.: ointment, 3
lacrima, -ae f.: tear, 10 universus, -a, -um: entire, whole, 1
adflg, -ere, -flx, -flctum: dash, shatter, 1 mane, -re, mans, --: to stay, wait, 9
adhibe, -re, -u, -itum: to apply, hold to, 4 matur (1): to hasten, ripen, 7
aegr: with difficulty, wearily, 4 moror, -r, -tus sum: delay, linger, 3
amor, -ris m.: love, desire, pasfansion, 3 nanciscor, nancisc, nactus: attain, meet, 7
ante: before, in front of (acc.); adv. before, 5 nvigti, -nis f.: sailing, voyage, 2
antequam: before, 9 navig (1): to sail, 5
apud: among, in the presence of (+ acc.), 9 obsecr (1): beseech, implore, entreat, 5
beneficium, - n.: benefit, favor; kindness, 8 obtestor, -r, tum: call to witness, implore1
compar (1): prepare, collect, 4 odium, -i n.: hatred, 1
consum, -ere, -mps, -mptum: take, spend 9 opus, -eris n.: work, deed, toil, 9
convert, -ere, -, -rsus: turn (around), 6 r (1): pray (for), entreat, beseech, 5
convoc (1): to call together, 3 ostend (1): show, display, 6
dscend, -ere, -nd, -nsum: descend, 4 paene: almost, nearly, 8
desiderium, -i n.: desire, longing, 1 patria, -ae f.: fatherland, country, 8
dsist, -ere, -stit, -stitum: desist, stop, 5 perfici, -ere, -fc, -fectum: accomplish, 3
diligentia, -ae f.: diligence, attentiveness, 5 perscrb, -ere, -ps, -ptum: write fully, 3
discd, -ere, -ss, -ssum: go away, depart, 4 persude, -re, -sus, -susum: persuade, 9
di: a long time, long, 13 postrdi: the day after, the next day, 4
excld, -ere, -s, -sum: shut out, hinder, 2 precs, -um: prayer, entreaty, 3
existim (1): judge, consider, regard, think, 2 profecti, -tinis f.: departure, start, 3
facilis, -e: easy, 1 quidem: indeed, in fact, assuredly, certainly, 8
fer, ferre, tul, ltus: carry, bear, endure, 10 refici, -ere, fc, fectum: renew, make new 2
idneus, -a, -um: suitable, appropriate, 12 sube, -re, -i: to undergo, go up (to), 5
impetr (1): to obtain, gain ones end, 1 tam: so, so much, so very, such, 8
inutilis, -e: not useful, useless, 1 tertius, -a, -um: third, 2
inveni, -re, -vn, -ventum: find, discover 8 sus, ss m.: use, employment, 3
longus, -a, -um: long, 4 vehementer: strongly, violently, ardently, 11
100. AFLOAT AGAIN
1 postrdi eius di: the day after that 8 tam afflictam: so dashed; PPP
day; abl. time when; gen. 9 utesset: that; result, impf. subj. sum
quam celerrim: as fast as possible ad navigandum: for; ad + acc., here a
in anim: had in mind; i.e. intended gerund expresses purpose
2 haec: these (things); neuter pl. acc. obj. 10 quaesu essent: who were of use;
3 omnibus precibus: abl. means, with rre dat. purpose; omnia is antecedent
utmorrtur: that he linger; ind. ad nvs reficiends: for; employ a
command gerund-gerundive flip: translate the
paucs dis: for; acc. of duration of time gerundive (adj) as a gerund with obj.
4 apud s: at her house 11 utperfcerint: that; result; unusual
qu r impert: which matter having pf. subj., translate in the pf. tense
been attained; abl. abs. i.e. Circe got 12 ad profectinem: for setting out
what she had requested above 13 ferbat: endured
5 contulit: pf. confer, Circe is subject e cnsili: from this purpose; separation
utpersusum sit: that she persuaded 14 nexcludertur: neg. purpose clause
him; impersonal pf. pass., translate active mtrandum (esse): that it had to be
utmanret: that; ind. command hastened by him; i.e. he had to hasten,
ditius: longer; comparative adv. passive periphrastic in secondary seq. with
6 apud Circn: at Circes house dat. of agent
patriae suae: for his country; objective 16 subeunda erant: had to be undergone;
gen. governed by desideri passive periphrastic with dat. of agent
7 socis convocts: abl. abs. or dat. i.o. quae: which (dangers); obj. of perscribere
Quidhabret: ind. question 17 longum est: it is long; nom. predicate
116 Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives
Selected Pronouns
Nom. is he ea she id it
Gen. eius his eius her eius its
Dat. e to/for him e to/for her e to/for it
Acc. eum him eam her id it
Abl. e with/from him e with/from her e with/from it
Subjunctive
Pres. amem ammus same as amer ammur same as
ams amtis indicative amris ammin indicative
amet ament ametur amentur
Impf. amrem amrmus amrer amrmur
amrs amrtis amrris amrmin
amret amrent amretur amrentur
Perf. amverim amvermus amta sim amtae smus
amvers amvertis amta ss amtae stis
amverit amverint amta sit amtae sint
Plpf. amvissem amvissmus amta essem amtae essmus
amvisss amvisstis amta esss amtae esstis
amvisset amvissent amta esset amtae essent
Imperative
am amte love!
Participle
Pres. amns (amantis) loving
Perf. amtus, -a, -um having been loved
Fut. amtrus, -a, -um going to love amandus, -a, -um going to be loved
Infinitive
Pres. amre to love amr to be love
Perf. amvisse to have loved amtum esse to have been loved
Fut. amtrum esse to be going to loved
Synopsis: 2nd Conjugation 119
Subjunctive
Pres. videam videmus same as videar videmur same as
vides videtis indicative videris videmin indicative
videat videant videatur videantur
Impf. vidrem vidrmus vidrer vidrmur
vidrs vidrtis vidrris vidrmin
vidret vidrent vidrtur vidrentur
Perf. vderim vdermus vsa sim vsae smus
vders vdertis vsa ss vsae stis
vderit vderint vsa sit vsae sint
Plpf. vdissem vdissmus vsa essem vsae essmus
vdisss vdisstis vsa esss vsae esstis
vdisset vdissent vsa esset vsae essent
Imperative
vid vidte see!
Participle
Pres. vidns (videntis) seeing
Perf. vsus, -a, -um having been seen
Fut. vsrus, -a, -um going to see videndus, -a, -um going to be seen
Infinitive
Pres. vidre to see vidr to be seen
Perf. vdisse to have seen vsum esse to have been seen
Fut. vsrum esse to be going to see
120 Synopsis: 3rd Conjugation
Subjunctive
Pres. dcam dcmus same as dcar dcmur same as
dcs dctis indicative dcris dcmin indicative
dcat dcant dcatur dcantur
Impf. dcerem dcermus dcerer dcermur
dcers dcertis dcerris dcermin
dceret dcerent dceretur dcerentur
Perf. dxerim dxermus ducta sim ductae smus
dxers dxertis ducta ss ductae stis
dxerit dxerint ducta sit ductae sint
Plpf. dxissem dxissmus ducta essem ductae essmus
dxisss dxisstis ducta esss ductae esstis
dxisset dxissent ducta esset ductae essent
Imperative
dc ducite lead!
Participle
Pres. ducns (dcentis) leading
Perf. ductus, -a, -um having been led
Fut. ductrus, -a, -um going to lead ducendus, -a, -um going to be led
Infinitive
Pres. dcere to lead dc to be lead
Perf. dxisse to have led ductum esse to have been led
Fut. ductrum esse to be going to led
Synopsis: 3rd-io Conjugation 121
Subjunctive
Pres. capam capmus same as capar capmur same as
caps captis indicative capris capmin indicative
capat capant capatur capantur
Impf. caperem capermus caperer capermur
capers capertis caperris capermin
caperet caperent caperetur caperentur
Perf. cperim cpermus capta sim captae smus
cpers cpertis capta ss captae stis
cperit cperint capta sit captae sint
Plpf. cpissem cpissmus capta essem captae essmus
cpisss cpisstis capta esss captae esstis
cpisset cpissent capta esset captae essent
Imperative
cape capite take!
Participle
Pres. capins (capientis) taking
Perf. captus, -a, -um having been taken
Fut. captrus, -a, -um going to take capiendus, -a, -um going to be taken
Infinitive
Pres. capere to take cap to be take
Perf. cpisse to have taken captum esse to have been taken
Fut. captrum esse to be going to taken
122 Synopsis: 4th Conjugation
Subjunctive
Pres. audiam audimus same as audiar audimur same as
audis auditis indicative audiris audimin indicative
audiat audiant auditur audiantur
Impf. audrem audrmus audrer audrmur
audrs audrtis audrris audrmin
audret audrent audretur audrentur
Perf. audverim audvermus audta sim audtae smus
audvers audvertis audta ss audtae stis
audverit audverint audta sit audtae sint
Plpf. audvissem audvissmus audta essem audtae essmus
audvisss audvisstis audta esss audtae esstis
audvisset audvissent audta esset audtae essent
Imperative
aud audte hear!
Participle
Pres. audins (audientis) hearing
Perf. audtus, -a, -um having been heard
Fut. audtrus, -a, -um going to hear audiendus, -a, -um going to be heard
Infinitive
Pres. audre to hear audr to be heard
Perf. audvisse to have heard audtum esse to have been heard
Fut. audtrum esse to be going to heard
Synopsis: sum and possum 123
Subjunctive
Pres. sim smus same as possim possmus same as
ss stis indicative posss posstis indicative
sit sint possit possint
Impf. essem essmus possem possmus
esss esstis posss posstis
esset essent posset possent
Perf. fuerim fuermus potuerim potuermus
fuers fuertis potuers potuertis
fuerit fuerint potuerit potuerint
Plpf. fuissem fuissmus potuissem potuissmus
fuisss fuisstis potuisss potuisstis
fuisset fuissent potuisset potuissent
Imperative
xxx xxx
Infinitive
Pres. esse to be posse to be able
Perf. fuisse to have been potuisse to have been heard
Fut. futrum esse* to be going to be ----
Subjunctive
Pres. sequar sequmur same as indicative
sequris sequmin
sequtur sequantur
Impf. sequerer sequermur
sequerris sequermin
sequertur sequerentur
Perf. secta sim sectae smus
secta ss sectae stis
secta sit sectae sint
Plpf. secta essem sectae essmus
secta esss sectae esstis
secta esset sectae essent
Imperative
sequere sequitor follow!
Participle
Pres. sequns (gen. sequentis) following
Perf. sectus, -a, -um having followed
Fut. sectrus, -a, -um going to follow sequendus,-a -um going to be
followed
Infinitive
Pres. sequ to follow
Perf. sectum esse to have followed
Fut. sectrum esse to be going to follow
125