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for more info. 4/5/17, 09:17 - +967 777 722 477: . 4/5/17, 09:17 - +967 777 722 477: Global warming Global warming is defined as a gradual rise in temperature in the lower atmosphere of the Earth during the last hundred to two hundred years due to the rise in greenhouse gases (also known as greenhouse gases) such as carbon dioxide, methane and many other gases Other. Since the middle of the 20th century, climate scientists have begun to collect huge amounts of data and information indicating a change in climate at the planet level. These include precipitation, ocean currents and storm surges, all of which point to fundamental changes in the Earth's climate since The era of the industrial revolution, and that it was a direct result of human activities and man-made change in the Earth's environment. [1] Studies currently available, compiled by most climate scientists around the world, indicate that the planet's temperature rose between 1880 and 2012, 0.9 stairs The pre-industrial studies - before 1750 - indicate that the Earth's temperature has risen by 1.1 degrees Celsius over the last three centuries. The Global Climate Change Panel (IPCC) believes that most of the rise in global warming during the second half of the 20th century is due to human activities. Recent predictions suggest that if human activity continues at its current pace, the Earth's temperature will rise by as much as 4.8 degrees Celsius by the end of the 21st century, which will have disastrous consequences for human, animal and plant life on the face of the planet. Global warming The most fundamental cause of global warming, scientists now believe, is the emission of greenhouse gases to the Earth's climate. Industrial and commercial activity carried out by man, and the way of life in general, cause the proportion of gases naturally occurring in the atmosphere to change. The most significant effect that humans are doing in this regard is to raise the proportion of carbon dioxide from their very normal level, as well as methane gas, water vapor and nitrogen oxides. All of these gases are classified into a category known as greenhouse gases, and the reason for their designation is their great ability to absorb heat. [2] The bad effect of greenhouse gases on the climate is called the phenomenon of the glass house. This phenomenon occurs when rays of light and heat of the sun reach the Earth's atmosphere. After the sun reaches the ground, the soil, rocks and trees absorb naturally, thus heating the surface of the earth. But a large proportion of them are reflected in outer space, leading to cooling of the Earth. For example, white ice can absorb only 20% of the sun's rays, while the rest reflects it toward the sky, while the ocean water absorbs 90% of the light on it and reflects only 10%. [3] ] The problem caused by greenhouse gases is that they absorb 90 percent of the sun's reflected heat from the Earth's surface, so all the thermal energy of the sun is stored within the Earth's atmosphere, and this causes a very high temperature rise. [2] The Earth's atmosphere contains 280 parts per million of carbon dioxide naturally Carbon dioxide is one of the most important greenhouse gases in global warming. Before the Industrial Revolution, this figure was around 275 ppm, and in fact, it did not exceed 180- 280 ppm for the last 800,000 years of geological history of the globe. However, the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has increased dramatically from the time of the Industrial Revolution to the present, where scientists estimated in 2013 that it reached 400 molecules per million, a proportion that has not reached this gas in the atmosphere for any time since more than three million Year. Carbon dioxide alone accounts for 82% of US greenhouse gas exports, the first country responsible for climate pollution in the world. [2] At the fifth meeting of the Global Climate Change Panel (IPCC), which involved 1,300 scientific figures from around the world Under the auspices of the United Nations, the Commission announced that human activity was responsible for the warming of the Earth's atmosphere during the last 50 years with a probability of 95%. [4] Statistical studies show that at least 97% of climate scientists in the world now agree that warming Thermal is a reality that currently leads to a The warming of the earth, and the reason behind it is man's tampering with the environment. [5] The Danger of Global Warming to Humans and Earth Global warming may cause many catastrophic disasters for the planet, so scientists are still studying its effects and discovering more catastrophic consequences. Global warming could melt ice and snow on mountain peaks and poles, leading to a world-wide rise of several meters, and huge coastal cities drowning around the world. It is also likely to have overlaps and imbalances in the seasons of the year and a very high summer temperatures or rainfall rates at certain times of the year, this may lead to unprecedented floods and the spread of many pests and the destruction of many agricultural areas, and may be affected by the fisheries, The quantities of food available to mankind are much. Large numbers of animals and plants are likely to become extinct as a result of the destruction of rainforests, coral reefs and other ecosystems that can not withstand high temperatures.