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As Per Amendment 1 This Standard is IS 12800 : Part 2
IS 12800 ( Part S/Set 1 ) : 1989
0 .
.
Q BIS 1990
FOREWORD
This Indian Standard ( Part 2/Set 1 ) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on 22 August 1989,
after the draft finalized by the Hydroelectric Power House Structures Sectional Committee had been
approved by the River Valley Division Council.
Pumped storage is a system wherein economical electrical energy, usually available at night or on weekend
days, is used to pump water from a lower to a higher elevation. In that process, electrical energy from
the system is converted to potential energy in the form of stored water. As and when needed, water is
released from storage through hydraulic turbines to generate high value electrical energy during periods of
maximum demand, usually during day time.
In fact all the reaction turbines may be used for reversible pumping and generating mode, however, in
most of the cases Francis type units find application. The reversible Francis type pump turbine is
essentially a centrifugal pump, which with certain modifications, performs as a turbine when operating in
the opposite direction. The conventional Francis turbine runner with its large number of blades is not
well adopted due to cavitation consideration when operating in the reverse direction as a pump.
In the reversible turbines head variation should be limited and kept between 110 percent to 80 percent of
rated head for smooth operation.
For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final
value, observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance
with IS 2 : 1960 Rules for rounding off numerical values ( revised ). The number of significant places
retained in the rounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.
IS 12800 ( Part 2/See 1 ) : 1989
Indian Standard
GUIDELINES FOR SELECTION OF TURBINES,
PRELIMINARY DIMENSIONING AND
LAYOUT OF SURFACE HYDROELECTRIC
POWER HOUSES
PART 2 PUMPED STORAGE POWER HOUSE
1.1 This standard ( Part 2/Set 1 ) lays down guide- It is the input at reversible pump turbine shaft during
lines for selection of reversible pump turbine, pumping.
preliminary dimensioning and layout of pumped
storage power houses for Francis reversible turbine. 3.5 Pump Specific Speed ( +_, )
However, it does not deal with multistage pumping.
The speed at which a pump turbine when operating
2 REFERENCES in pumping mode would operate, if runner was
reduced to a size which would deliver one m3/sec
2.1 The following Indian Standards are necessary discharge under one metre head.
adjuncts to this standard:
3.6 Rated Dynamic Head for Pumping ( HP )
IS No. Title
IS 4410 Glossary of terms relating to The head at which the reversible pump turbine
( Part 10 ) : 1987 river valley projects: Part 10 deliver the rated discharge at the rated speed and
Hydro-electric power station full gate opening.
including water conductor system
(first revision ) 3.7 Suction Head ( HS )
1s 7418 : 1974 Criteria for design of spiral
Difference in elevation between minimum tail water
casing ( concrete and steel )
level and centre line of reversible pump turbine.
IS 4461 : 1976 Code of practice for joints in
surface hydro-electric power 3.8 Turbine Output ( Pt )
station ($rst revision )
Output at reversible pump turbine shaft during
3 TERMINOLOGY turbining.
3.0 For the purpose of this standard the definitions 4 MAIN PARAMETERS OF PUMP TURBINE
given in IS 4410 (Part 10) : 1987 and IS 7418 : 1974
and following shall apply. 4.1 Speed
3.1 Dynamic Head for Pumping As the rated generating capacity is the most signi-
ficant requirement, the speed of rotation is selected
Effective head against which reversible pump turbine on the basis of rated output during turbining. The
has to discharge which is gross head plus all the statistical relationship between head and turbine
losses in water conductor system. specific speed is given in Fig. 1. Corresponding to
rated head, the turbine specific speed is obtained and
3.2 Maximum Net Head speed of rotation is calculated by the following
equation:
Maximum effective head available for power gene-
Ild Pt X 135%
ration which is gross head plus all the losses in llbt =
[#I,
water conductor system including penstock,
where
3.3 Minimum Net Head t/St = specific speed of pump turbine when
operating in pumping mode,
Minimum effective head permitted for power gene- )I -_ rated speed in revolutions/minute,
ration and is gross defined as minimum gross head
plus all the losses in water conductor system inclu- lt -= turbine output in kW, and
ding penstock. ZZt= rated read acting in metres.
1
IS 12800 ( Part 2/Set 1) : 1989
i
0
200
u
W
I
jS0
Z
0
z
: 100
50
2
.
0.6
4.5 Spiral Casing
0.6
The dimensions of spiral casing as given in Fig. 5
may be obtained from Fig. 7 and 8.
0.1 . ,.
The weight of the turbine runner is obtained from
Fig. 10.
20 30 40 50 60 70
SPECIFIC
SPEED[,nsp)
4.8 Axial Hydraulic Thrust
FIG. 3 RELATIVECAPACITY VARIATION w
Hydraulic thrust on the turbine runner may be
SPECIFICSPEED AS PUMP
determined by the following formula:
y __ _$L_
IZ
where
P = number of pairs of poles,
f= frequency in cycles per second, and
L 1
3
Is 12800( Part 2/&c 1) : 1989
_---.
-T W
I LOO 600 f 3
0,
C
-- --
E,
20 30 40 50 60 70 810
5
IS 12800(Part 2/Sec1):1989
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Outer core diameter ( DO ) of the stator can be Inner diameter in case of circular shaped barrel ( or
determined by the following relationship: inner across flat dimension in case of polygonal
shaped barrel ) can be determined by adding 20 to
Do = Dg 1 + +- 24 metres to stator frame diameter:
( >
where Db = Df + 2'0to 2'4m
P = number of pair of poles. 5.6 Core Length of Stator ( LL.)
5.4 Stator Frame Diameter ( Dr ) Core length of stator can be determined as below:
Stator frame diameter ( Dr ) ( across flat dimension LCQ - W
in case of polygonal shape), can be found out KoD&l
by adding 12 metres to the outer core diameter:
where
Dr = DO f 1'2metres W -- rated kVA, aud
; i 12m K - output coefficient ( obtained from
Fig. 13 ).
6
IS 12800 ( Part 2/Set 1 ) : 1989
0.251
I I I I
01 I I I 1
SO 100 150 200 250 z
SPECIFIC SPEED ( nst)
FIG. 1 I RELATIONSIIIP
BETWEENAXIAL HYIIRAKJLICTHKUST COEE'FICIENT ANI>
SPECIFICSPEEDAS TURBINE
7
IS 12800 ( Part 2/&c 1) :1989
110 -
ZlOO-
iii
i go-
80-
60 -
l 1 I I I I
so-0 5 10 15 20 25 30
d------J 5 10 15
I
20
L 1
25 30 35
8
IS 12800 ( Part Z/Set 1 ) : 1989
5.7 Length of Stator Frame ( h ) Maximum total load is sum of maximum hydraulic
thrust and weight of rotating parts. Generally 4
Length of stator frame can be determined by adding to 8 arms are taken.
15 to 20 m to the length of stator core.
Lr = Lc -I- 15 to 16 m 5.10 Axial Hydraulic Thrust
5.8 Height of Load Rearing Bracket The axial hydraulic thrust on the turbine runner
may be determined by following formula:
The height ( hj ) of the load bearing bracket can be
determined by the following formula: Pli = KD2 H Max in tonnes.
hj = K&x fordsuspended type generator, The value of K may be obtained from Fig. 11.
- K& Dg for umbrella type generator. 5.11 Weight of Generator Rotor - The weight of
generator rotor in relation to air gap diameter and
where rotor weight in tonnes per meter of core length may
Kb = V6Jkefp a load of 50 t/arm of the be obtained from Fig. 14. This value shall be
multiplied by the core length to get rotor weight.
= 075 fo; a load of less than 100 t/arm
and more than 50 t/arm of the bracket, 5.12 Axial load acting downward is the sum of
and hydraulic thrust, weight of turbine runner and
= 085 for a load of 100 t/arm. weight of rotor.
The number of arms of the bracket are decided on The weight of Turbine Runner may be obtained
the basis of total load on the thrust bearing. from Fig. 10.
2 4 6 6 10 12 14 16
AIR GAP DIAMETtR (L$) IN METRES
9
.
6.2 Length of the Power Station d) Provision of width for auxiliary equipments in
the floors.
It depends upon the unit spacing, length of erection
bay and length required for the crane to handle the 6.4 Height of the Power Station
last unit.
6.2.1 Unit Spacing 6.4.1 The height of power station from the bottom
of the draft tube to the centre line of the spiral
For determining the distance between the centre casing ( H1+H2 ) ( see Fig. 15 ) can be determined
line of the successive units, the overall dimensions from Fig. 9. The thickness of the concrete below
of the spiral casing, the draft tube and the hydro- the lowest point of the draft tube may be taken from
generator should be drawn with respect to the 1 to 25 m depending upon the type of foundation
vertical axis of the machine. A clearance of 15 to strata.
20 m should be added on either side of the extre-
mities of the above drawn figures to determine the 6.4.2 The height from the centre line of the spiral
unit, spacing. The clearance should be such that casing up to the top of the generator = HO ( Fig. 15 )
a concrete thickness on either side of steel scroll case can be determined as follows:
should be at least 1 to 15 m.
Ha=Lithr+K
6.2.2 The length of the erection bay may be taken
as 07 to 15 times the unit spacing as per erection Lf and hi have been defined in 5.7 and 5.8
requirements. respectively.
6.2.3 The total length L of the power station can The value of K may be taken as 55 to 50 m
then be determined as follows: depending upon the size of the machine.
L=Nox( unit spacing)fLs+K
where 6.4.3 The height of the machine hall above the top
No=number of units, bracket of the generator depends upon the hook
level and the corresponding crane rail level, and
Ls-length of the erection bay, and the clearance required between the ceiling and the
K=space required for the crane to handle top of the crane. Further the height shall depend
the last unit depending on the number upon the height of service bay floor from where the
and size of the crane which is usually equipment has to be handled.
30 to 50 m.
6.3 Width of the Power Station Super Structure 6.4.3.1 The hook level and the corresponding crane
level are determined by providing adequate clearance
The super structure of the power station is required for the following cases:
to cover only the machines and not the entire length
of the draft tube which is accommodated in the 4 Handling/moving major items of equipment
lower extended portion of the substructure. For viz turbine runner assembly, rotor assembly
determining the width of the power station super and even entire generator stator.
structure, the overall dimensions of the spiral casing b) Unloading of heaviest equipment from the
and the hydro generator may bc drawn with respect trailors. For this purpose a height of 70 to
to the vertical axis of the machine. Super-structure 85 m between the erection bay floor and the
columus should be clear of the down-stream extremi- highest hook lcvcl may be sufficient.
ties of the above drawn figure by about 15 to 20 m.
On the upstream side provision should be made for 4 Hauling the main transformer with bushing
the following: into the erection bay under the crane girder.
a) A clearance of about 15 lo 20 m for coucretc: d) Clearance required for untanking of trans-
upstream or scroll case. lormers.
10
.
IS 12800 ( Part 2/&c 1) : 1989
FIG. I5 CROSSSECTION
OF POWERHouse
6.4.3.2 A minimum clearance above the service 7.1.1 Main Machine Hall
gangway of the crane for the movement of working
personnel may be 2 to 25 m and the clearance The main machine hall accommodates the hydro-
between the highest part of the gantry crane and electric generating unit. The different unit blocks
ceiling of power house should be 03 m. With this separated by expansion/contraction joints and shall
consideration the height of the power house ceiling be in accordance with IS 4461 : 1979. The level of
above the top level hook may generally vary from centre line of the scroll case as given in 5.3. An
4 to 65 m depending upon the width of the machine elevation difference of 40 to 50 m between the
hall and capacity of the gantry crane. A typical generator floor and turbine floor may be adequate
example for calculating the overall dimensions is to accommodate equipments to bc handled on the
given in Annex A. turbine floor. The foundation levels of the stator
and lower bearing bracket should be so fixed that
7 GENERAL LAYOUT OF POWER STATION in the turbine pit, at least 22 to 25 m of head room
7.1 In general, a power station may be divided into is available above the speed ring top cover. The
two areas as follows: gantry columns may or may not be equally spaced.
These columns may also be preferably located on
a) The main machine hall housing the generating the central areas of the draft tube. The clear spacing
units, and between the gantry columns may be kept 50
b) Erection bay. to 60 m.
11
IS 12800 ( Part 2/Set 1) : 1989
ANNEX A
( Clause 6.4.3.2 )
TYPICAL EXAMPLE FOR CALCULATING THE OVERALL
DIMENSIONS OF POWER HOUSE
12
IS 12800 ( Part 2/Set 1 ) : 1989
for n8D Ku = 107 from graph ( Fig. 6 ) iii) Outer core diameter =
2/2x981x105x,.07
60x m
DI =
3.14~ 1667
= 5564 = 56 m
Dimension of spiral case
recommended velocity ( refer Fig. 7 ) = 86 m
at 105 metres = 10 mjsec. iv) Stator frame diameter =
112.9x4 Dt = DO + 12m
Inlet diameter D =
J 10xn = 86+12 5: 98 m
= 3 791 mm
Assume = 3 800 mm v) Inner diameter of barrel =
A = 3 800 mm Db = Dr+20 to 24 m
= 98+22 = 120 m
Dimensions of spiral case
B = 11 x 56 = 616 m Core length of stator
c = 121 x 56 = 673 m L0 = W ( Output in kVA )
D = 132 x 56 = 739 m K D go n
E = 105 x 56 = 588 m 111 111
Size of draft tube = = 67 x ( 79 ) x 1667
HI= 028 x 56 = 1570 m = 1594 m say 16 m
He== 105 x 56 = 588 m Length of stator frame = Lr = LO+ 15
(HI+Hz) = 225 x 56 = 12825 m = 16 + 15 = 310 m
L = 345 x 56 = 1932 m
w- 195 x 56 = 1175 m Height of load bearing bracket =
13
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