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In 2006, the energy sector (including stationary energy, transport and fugitive emissions) was
the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions comprising 65.4% of total GHG emissions in
CO2-equivalent. The second largest source of GHG emissions was agriculture sector (41.4%).
For Land use change and forestry sector, the total CO2 removals were 13.3% due to increase
of the area of abandoned lands and reduce of newly cultivated land. Other relatively minor
sources currently include emissions from industrial process and waste sector.
Mongolia’s GHG Inventory
The main contributor to the total methane emissions is the agriculture sector with about
92- 93% of the total methane emissions The second biggest contribution comes from the
energy sector with about 5-6%, while all other sectors are contributing with less then 2%
in total.
Mongolia’s GHG Inventory
Total Greenhouse gas emissions
In 1990, Mongolia’s net GHG emissions were 22532 thousand tones CO2-eq. and the net GHG
emissions were reduced up to 14850 thousand tones in 1995. The reduction of net GHG emissions
is mostly due to socio-economic slowdown during the transition period from socialism to market
economy. But during this period the methane emissions are increased due to increase of livestock
population. The HFCs are increased for the period 1990-2006 due to increase of refrigerators and
vehicles with air conditions.
Mongolia’s GHG Inventory
Per Capita Emissions
7 7.50
6.97
6
4 4.41
3
2.68
2
1 0.70 0.75
0.24
0
If compare with the other developed and developing countries, the total GHG emissions
is small, but per capita and per GDP emissions is high. Mongolia’s per capita emissions
were 6.0 tons /person, which is almost 2 times more than developing countries average.
Per GDP CO2 emissions are 10 times more than world average
Mitigation strategies to Climate change
Mitigation options
(The energy sector of Mongolia is the largest contributor to GHG emissions. The cold continental
climate and use of coal contribute to high rate of emissions per capita and domestic production)
Energy sector
• Increase Renewable options
– Hydro Power Plants
– Wind farms
– PV and solar heating
• Efficiency improvement of Heating boilers
– Efficiency improvement of existing HOB,
– Install boilers new design with high efficiency
– Converting steam boilers into small capacity thermal power plant
• Improvement of household stoves and furnaces
– Modernization of existing household stoves and furnaces
– Implementation of new design household stoves and furnaces
– Change of fuels for household stoves and furnaces
• Improving of coal quality
– Coal briquette
– Application of effective mining technology and facilities, including
selective mining, dewatering system coal handling plant.
• CHP improvement options
– Efficiency improvement
– Reduction of internal use
Mitigation strategies to Climate change
Non-energy sector
• Building • Agriculture
– Building insulation improvements – To limit the increase of the total
– Building standards number of livestock by increasing
– Improvements of district heating the productivity of each type of
system in buildings animals, especially cattle.
– Lighting efficiency improvements – To promote industrial livestock
production enterprises
• Industry
• Land use change and forestry
– Technology change (Dry process of
cement industry and others) – Natural regeneration
– Motor efficiency improvements – Plantation forestry
– Lighting efficiency improvements – Agro-forestry
– Promotion of ESCO activities – Bioelectricity
• Transport • Waste
– Vehicle fuel combustion efficiency – Landfill methane recovery
improvement – Comprehensive waste management
– Improvements road conditions – Alternative waste
– Taxes on vehicle management, such as recycling
purchase, registration, use and
motor fuels, road and parking pricing
Mitigation strategies to Climate change
Energy Balance
Scenario: Reference, Year: 2006 (Thousand Tons of Coal Equivalent)
Electricity Gasoline Jet Diesel LPG Coal Coal Wood Wind Solar Heat Total
Kerosene Bituminous Lignite
Production 0 0 0 0 0 230 2999 588 0 1 0 3818
Imports 21 280 28 438 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 768
Exports -1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1
From Stock Change 0 0 0 0 0 0 172 0 0 0 0 172
Total Primary Supply 20 280 28 438 1 230 3171 588 0 1 0 4756
HOBs 0 0 0 0 0 0 -409 0 0 0 245 -164
Generation 415 0 0 -25 0 0 -2385 0 0 0 868 -1126
Transmission and -53 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -26 -79
Distribution
Station own use -69 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -62 -131
Total Transformation 293 0 0 -25 0 0 -2794 0 0 0 1026 -1500
Statistical Differences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Unmet Requirements 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
GHG Mitigation
assessment analysis
GHG Mitigation
assessment analysis
GHG Mitigation assessment analysis
Energy Balance
Scenario: Reference, Year: 2030 (Thousand Tons of Coal Equivalent)
Electricity Gasoline Jet Diesel LPG Coal Coal Wood Wind Solar Hydro Heat Total
Kerosene Bituminous Lignite
Production 0 0 0 0 0 1432 9367 645 38 1 152 0 11636
Imports 35 1157 58 2673 99 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4021
Exports 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
From Stock Change 0 0 0 0 0 0 172 0 0 0 0 0 172
Total Primary Supply 35 1157 58 2673 99 1432 9539 645 38 1 152 0 15828
HOBs 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1025 0 0 0 0 615 -410
Generation 1673 0 0 -6 0 0 -7045 0 -38 0 -152 2138 -3430
Statistical Differences 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Household 383 0 0 0 99 0 993 645 1 1 0 1199 3321
Unmet Requirements 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
GHG Mitigation assessment analysis
GHG Mitigation assessment analysis
Cost-Benefit Analysis