Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
at Krishnarajapuram. Bangalore
HI5TOF|1C.AL REVIEW
'11:: modern cable Itny-ed bridge was born in 1950': while
Diadningerfrun umnnydcsignedthcslloemnnd tidgein
Svmden . Tb rrtmstmctiun of clhlc stnyctl bridges in Iil
I'll
developed cotmuiat.-.5. So far only three cable stayed-bridges
hlveb-aenonnsuuct1edinlndm.AlltbcsclIidgesu'eacIuas
riwtlsandu-endbntInI:edtypc.11tc;|-opooedctbleltnyed
hridgaatangaknlsaruaduvcrlridgeacrocsanilw-ayyard
IIIII the spit outgurnm is unsymmetrical.
1. INTRODUCTION
T'tl:c|iItingR.u|dDvcrlJridgrtROBinrarl{R.Pttnmllai]wny
Suburban Sti tllt on the busy BI:lgnInrrMndra.< Nttioul
Highwly No. 4 in nlrorw with 5-cunt: on either sidt. The
width Df on the hnclgc is nut suicial In cuartn
lilhuvytn cmdinnlnhn.-s rnsullud intruicuungus uu. PH. I Cable Stayed lrlifgl at Krisllnarujaptrrlll.
Thelpproncltesuneitherside hmrcshupctirvlhlreunndtitc Bangalore Arri.tr'.t Vinv
jtII:limwhu1th:tuudtnVr'hitcrIdtakesustf.i5nimciusc
Iaotitcexislinghtidgc. Inordtrtocascuuttiteunfccungeltian A schematic tlilgnm indicating the various features of the
and further to improve the road npprmtch geometry, l::rid;einchI:Hn;IiIeIpproncheaissltowninFig.1.
racunatructiun at Road Dvcr Bddge with the mu:-or-the In
Cubic stayed lritlge wu conceived nnd the oon.I=t:I'uction was
tlken up by Southern Rniiwuy. Cmstrumtinn Orgnnizatim.
Btngaiorutau:t:lcm.turR_s_4I9tilal:lu.Theprnjactisfundud
by Ministry of Surface Tran-span. Ministry of Railways and
Iheuvarnmnmofiarnatakn. Thedt.-sign Inticonstmctionnf
Ih:l:I'idgeItcnu1uta:dmM!siRCDN IntermtioIu.llJd.'lhe
design was nude by Hi: IRCDN in collul-nralmn with M1:
BBR. SI"iI3 'lII The. ctmstructiuu ofthr bridge is in program
audisexpncteti lobe t:ump|t.'ted by the cm! dyer 201}. The
Artist: view of the uotttpietcd bridge is shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 Sdmna m!lnngimdituf Section
2. SALIENT FEATURES The mlirmfmuru of that bridge an dmliird btiawz
The prepared bridge essentially cuttuim of 1 single Pylon cl Tculheagtltofthellridge 230m
twin-legged 'A' frame type with acahlr: .-tnyrd span oer Iam.
l.c|tgt|tofC.|hlcStnjvI:dportinn l8lJmtl35m+45mJ
1011 BSSud'11rC1'1nr14:Iha. RR1a1'1a1damAs1rmdS1.1r;1lSIna
u1mid1!thcrLilwty1rId:a.'l'h:un1n1un1pI:d spmebulnwihe
npln would Elcililltl: 11:-1nod1:Ii11g{1f Railway fad wi.l:hou1 any
constraint. Cable ayed hrldp reprenenu the Inca!
dc-H-cI1:p11suu inltcttdnfmndcrnhtidgccutmluztiunhllhe IIEH
wurld.Hureuver. 1C|b|St:3rudBridg:willheIasd1u1icIlly
playing with lung Ipnns of slander sections and whnn
con11tmcIed11r1Il1ief1ni1;el3rhellndn:|riinKu'n.u|h. lrl-IUI
ucahhuyaddgehnduptaddauwthafo uwtng
Idvmugu:
xlll-III?
U hsnofwndllinmlllpputhluuluiwiliainlerlilwny
1r'Ii. 1uI:willnnthamyhnunqadmmnuuylnf c
during 111: 1.'1:I1m1'n1:li1:111 :11! fun d:1r:lq'.11nI:11I. can be
. L5@% 2.65 30
+74
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so/70L .- ._7o/so
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asziso
o 3
a 393.50
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PLAN VIEW COLUMN B314 PLAN VIEW
L00
LOO
0.!lI._. .
._ .
.1991.
N P
(CABLE STAY PORTION!
.1 .. as.uo>f.
nu
A
%
g
! ."" W H. 2% 5..
9 la 3 ._
J9
7. EXPANSION JOINT 0 Epoxy min lling inside the anchor heads for high
{line resistance.
Suipseulexpuuioojointsueptopoeodtohetnedmeither
eodofthehridge. lS0tntnnnd70Inmm'ipuealexpunioo 10. PROTECTION MEASURES FOR DINA-
STAY CABLE
unsymmetncalnpanoonftgtntiootespecuvely.
1'hme|evelptotecxion'Ls;iventoDlNACab|e.TheftnIpto-
B. BEARING tectionis;ivenhyq:plyh)gvme:solub|eoiIon7mmHT
P0TbeaingsnreptopoeedtobensedfotthishIidge.Mui- wiresseccudptotectionisgivenbyuteuuofprovidingl-IDPE
mum|oedforP0"l'hatin;is l6l(X)kN. pipeovetthewitehutdle.1'hesuycahlesue;iventhirdpto-
Iectionhy;totttin3theannula'spaoehetv:eentheHDPBpipe
9. STAY CABLES nndthehund|eofI'Ivites.Additiotnlptotectionhymeans
ofsteelpipeovetHDPEPipenentthedeckfotahei;htof2m
High feti;uetesisuntDlNA(Bnnd NuneofMIsBBRprod- ftotndecklevelissuuestedtopteveutanydnmagetothecahle
uct)cah|esareheingtuedfotthishrid;e.1he|engthofthe hythepedesuian:.1hedesi;nnndconsuuctionofthesestay
cab|esvuiesftotn37mtol|3tnmdthenumhetof7mmdia cableutetnatleinmchnwaysoutofncilitueresueuingmd
I-lTwi:sineachstaycah|evntiesfmtn96to264.11teUl'S force adjustment at any time prior to final grouting. The
nine of these HT wires are up to I510 Nlmm and the deuikofaIypialDlNA-Cebleuenhownl-'tg.7.
iuquiredfetigueunplitudets IwNImmwithanuppersu'ess
of0.45uts.11teaecda|esuedesip:edtocanytiltimaIetemile 11. ANCHORAGES
fomesinthemt;eofS800|:Ntol5950kN.'l1tecah|eswillhe
nunufactuted in the BER factory at Bangnlote under sttict 1hemcht:ngesuelti;hfItiguet'esistntttAspecialepoxytesin
qualitycontml. isftlledimothenchotheadtouvoidootttacthetweenthewires
andtheanchongeandtocxcludenirinotdertopteventftet-
ThepI'hdpa|coIIpole&oltypicalDlNAstaycab|eareas
ting eomosion. normally responsible for fuigue failures. Due
follows:
mcbotsynemisdesipedtodeveloptltefullultimatetensile
0 7tnInl<rl'\\rite|Ii;hfaIiguctt:sistnntqtIalityInutttfaculed sueagtltofthewitehundlemndnfntigiietenistatnceinexceu
inlndiafxotnitwonedhillets of2(DNIuln.
Storing plate
eanv
human hoods
Anchor hood
ms Pylon
14.2 Abutment
MIIIIS side !I.m'neI'|I Iuund.Il|-In work I~ completed. Fol Ban-
galore side lhtrtlnent. l'num|;nIuII orig :- yet to sun. Fig. 9
shows lit concruing nl l\1.n1r.t- abutment lnun-.1.mnn
14.3 Plan
Founduions for three pier h.n: been s:n|I|pI;-ted Ind funilct
want is in progress. one [JLf h;I~ been completed npto the bot-
tom ofdeck Fig. 10 shows lhu: p'n:rwm1nIIprogte.-Ls.
172 BSSUcll'rChandIa. Rliichaa'cba:1Asira:1dSu1m'zShgrn
by
H. S. Chandramauli*
1. Introduction
Bridges are regarded as the most fascinating creations of a Civil Engineer due
to their monumental impact and majestic appeal. A concept that developed from a
fallen tree trunk acting as a bridge across a stream since pre-historic times, the art
and science of bridge engineering has developed to such an extent that, very large
span bridges ( > 1000m) are being built in various parts of the world. The Tatara
Cable Stayed Bridge (890m span) and the Akashi Kaikyo Suspension Bridge (1190m
span) in Japan, are the longest cable stayed and suspension bridges built
respectively in the world as master pieces of engineering.
Even though, worlds first modern Cable Stayed bridge, the Stromsund Bridge
designed by Prof. Dischinger was completed in Sweden in the year 1955 itself, the
construction of Cable Stayed bridges in India, is still in infancy. The Vidyasagar Setu
in Kolkata, the Akkar Bridge in Sikkim and the bridge across an irrigation canal at
Hardwar were the only three Cable Stayed Bridges built in India when the
construction of bridge at Krishnarajapuram was taken up.
2. Necessity
The old Road Over Bridge near Krishnarajapuram Railway Station on the busy
Bangalore- Chennai National Highway No.4 was narrow with reverse curves on either
side. Over the years, the traffic on the bridge increased many folds and in turn
became a severe traffic bottleneck.
A proposal for construction of a new bridge with a wider carriage way was
under consideration by the Ministry of Surface Transport and Highways in consultation
with the Southern Railway for quite some time. Finally, the task of identifying a
suitable type of bridge through preliminary feasibility study followed by detailed
design and construction was entrusted to IRCON International Ltd., by the Southern
Railway.
After studying various alternatives, the proposal for construction of cable stayed
bridge was accepted as ideal to meet the functional requirements and specific
boundary conditions of the project.
3. Salient Features:
4. Construction of Pylon
Pylon which is the most important and imposing part of a cable stayed bridge
had to be constructed with precision to ensure correct configuration of the bridge. As
the height of pylon is 59 m from the top of footing, it was difficult to construct with the
conventional scaffolding and ensure correct geometry of pylon. The self climbing form
work system( SCFS) also known as Jump form was specially designed and
fabricated in India for the first time for the purpose. The SCFS consists of a shuttering
system with eight hydraulic jacks of 3T capacity, connected to a central hydraulic
power pack unit . The jacks lift the entire shuttering system upwards by taking
reaction from the already cast concrete. The pylon concreting using SCFS was done
in lifts of 3 m height in a single pour. Once the concreting of a particular lift was
completed, the shuttering was lifted to the next position in increments of 300mm per
stroke of jack using the special self climbing mechanism. The inclined legs of 59 m
tall pylon with tapering cross section was successfully completed with the said
system.
Construction of pylon head at the top of pylon was demanding. All the fixed end
anchorages of the stay cables are located in this portion and correct fabrication and
erection of this complex structural component was very much essential for safe
transmission of stay cable forces to the pylon. The entire pylon head was fabricated
in factory under stringent quality control and then was lifted and erected in position
with care. The entire head after erection was embedded in pylon concrete and
stressed with high tensile Mac-alloy bars imported from UK to take care of splitting
forces.
Pylon Head
5. Construction of Deck
The cable stayed deck was cast by balanced cantilever construction procedure.
After casting of cantilevered deck segment, the CFT was moved on to the next
position using a system of mechanical winches and pulleys. The 105m long
cantilevered deck was cast in segments over the electrified railway tracks without
obstructing the running train traffic even for a single day.
Throughout the construction, safety was given top priority and all safety
precautions were taken to ensure safe working conditions. A special protective hood
using FRP sheets and insulated J bolts had to be provided to protect the CFT from
induction effects of 25KV traction line running underneath the bridge deck. The entire
CFT was earthed with two independent earth connections for additional safety. The
entire work was completed without any loss of life due to accident.
7. Stay Cables
The stay cable consists of 7mm dia, high fatigue resistant HT wires in parallel
wires in parallel wire assembly, BBR DINA type. The wire bundle is encased in a UV
resistant HDPE tube and the annular space between the wires and the tube is filled
with cement grout for corrosion protection. The cable ends are anchored in sockets
filled with patented special compound under controlled thermal curing, granting a high
fatigue resistance at the anchorages.
The button headed (BBRV type) wires together with the threaded sleeve and
lock nut arrangement at the anchorages ensures zero slip and facilitates easy
adjustment of stay cable forces.
Construction of 180m long span with the structural depth of just 2.31m
resulted in reduced bank height and length of approaches on either side.
As no foundation or support is located within the railway yard, slewing of
existing tracks, shifting of platforms, relocation of points and other complex yard
remodeling works were eliminated.
Use of the latest Cantilever Form Traveler (CFT) technology and stay cable
support system resulted in uninterrupted train traffic throughout the
construction period.
Improved road geometry facilitated smooth flow of National Highway traffic.
Better riding quality, as no expansion joints are located within the entire bridge
length.
Availability of sufficient free space underneath bridge deck for future
development and expansion of the railway station yard.
Assimilation of latest bridge building technology by Indian Engineers and
development of expertise for construction of cable stayed bridges in India.
Creation of an extremely aesthetic and graceful structure.
9. Conclusion