Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
gphpT m
Section a
(kpfr;rpwpa mstpy; tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
Fwpg;G: i) midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilasp. xt;nthd;wpw;Fk; 30 nrhw;fSf;F
kpfhky; tpilaspf;fTk;
UNIT- I
4. Why the 1980 General election to the parliament was not held in Assam except in
two constituencies?
,uz;L njhFjpfs; jtpu kw;w mrhk; khepy ghuhSkd;w njhFjpfspy; 1980-k;
Mz;L ghuhSkd;w Njh;jy; Vd; eilg;ngwtpy;iy?
5. Write on the contributions of the Sangeet Natak Academy to Indian culture.
,e;jpa gz;ghl;bw;F rq;fj
P ehlf mfhlkpapd; gq;fspg;gpidg; gw;wp vOJf.
6. Illustrate the significance of the National Literacy Mission.
Njrpa vOj;jwpT gzpj; jpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij tpsf;Ff.
12. What led to the nationalisation of Private Insurance Companies and the creation of
LIC?
jdpahh; fhg;gL
P epWtdq;fs; Njrpakakhf;fg;gl;L LIC cUthdjw;fhd
fhuzk; ahJ?
UNIT II
16. The interest on a certain principal amount at 10% per annum compounded half
yearly for 6 months is Rs. 2,100. Find the amount invested.
fPof
; hZk; tptuq;fSf;F xU guty; nrt;tf tiuglk; jahhpf;fTk;.
gphpT M
Section B
(RUf;fkhf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdhtif)
(Brief Answer Type)
Fwpg;G:
Note
UNIT I
36. Evaluate the role of Press in fostering National consciousness during 19th century.
19-k; E}w;whz;by; Njrpa czh;it Cf;Ftpg;gjpy; gj;jphpf;iffspd; gq;fpid
kjpg;gpLf.
37. What was the political set up aimed by the British Government for India after the
World War II?
,uz;lhk; cyfg; NghUf;F gpwF vg;gbg;gl;l muR ,e;jpahtpy; mika
Ntz;Lnkd Mq;fpNya muR tpUk;gpaJ?
UNIT II
42. A milk can contains 10 litres of milk. 3 litres of milk is taken out of it and 3 litres of
water is poured into it. Again 3 litres of mixture is taken out of the milk can and 3
litres of water is poured into it. Find the percentage of milk and water in the milk
can.
xU ghj;jpuj;jpy; 10 ypl;lh; msT ghy; cs;sJ. mjpypUe;J xUth; 3 ypl;lh;
ghiy vLj;J tpl;L> 3 ypl;lh; jz;ziP u Cw;Wfpwhh;. kw;nwhUth;
mf;fyitapypUe;J 3 ypl;lh; vLj;J tpl;L> 3 ypl;lh; jz;zhP ; Cw;Wfpwhh;.
,g;NghJ mg;ghj;jpuj;jpy; vj;jid tpOf;fhL>ghy; kw;Wk; jz;zhP ; cs;sJ?
43. 2 men and 3 women can do a work in 10 days. 3 men and 2 women can do the same
work in 8 days, In how many days 2 men and 1 woman can do the same work?
2 Mz;fSk; 3 ngz;fSk; xU Ntiyia 10 ehl;fspy; nra;a ,aYk;. 3
Mz;fSk; 2 ngz;fSk; mNj Ntiyia 8 ehl;fspy; nra;a ,aYk; 2
Mz;fSk; 1 ngz;Zk; mNj Ntiyia vj;jid ehl;fspy; nra;a ,aYk;?
Agriculture 12.9%
Irrigation 12.5%
Energy 27.2%
Industry 15.4%
UNIT III
47. What are the measures taken by our Government to tackle cyber crimes?
ekJ muR tiy topf; Fw;wq;fis fl;Lg;gLj;j vLj;Js;s eltbf;iffs;
ahit?
48. What are the effects of nuclear winter?
mZf;fU Fsph; fhyj;jpd; tpisTfs; ahit?
49. Detergents are superior to soaps in their cleaning action Explain.
Rj;jk; nra;Ak; jpwdpy; nraw;if mOf;F ePff
; pfs; Nrhg;Gf;fis tpl rpwe;jJ.
tpthp.
51. What do you understand by RQ? How does it vary on the basis of food material
involved?
RQ vd;why; vd;d? mJ vt;thW xt;nthU czT nghUSf;Fk; NtWgLfpwJ?
52. Explain X-linked inheritance in man with special reference to Hemophilia and
Colour blindness.
kdpjdpy; `PNkhgpypah kw;Wk; epwFUL Mfpatw;iw cjhuzkhf nfhz;L X-
,izT ghuk;ghpaj;ijg; gw;wp tpsf;F.
gphpT - ,
Section C
(tphpthf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
(Detailed Answer type)
Fwpg;G
Note
i) fPof
; z;ltw;Ws; VNjDk; MW tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; tpil jUf. xt;nthU tpdhtpw;Fk; 250
nrhw;fSf;F kpfhky; tpilaspf;fTk;
Answer six of the following questions not exceeding 250words each
UNIT - I
56. Give an account of the role played by women of Tamilnadu in the freedom struggle.
tpLjiyg; Nghuhl;lj;jpy; jkpo;ehl;Lg; ngz;fspd; gq;fspg;gpidj; njhFj;J
vOJf.
UNIT II
57. (a)A sum of Rs, 2,000 is deposited in a bank which pays compound interest for the
first year at r % per annum and for the second year at 5% per annum. If the maturity
amount at the end of second year is Rs. 2,163, find the value of r.
(b) Find the smallest 5 digit number exactly divisible by 16,24,36 and 54.
(m) tq;fp xd;wpy; &. 2000 Nrkpg;G njhifahf nrYj;jg;gLfpwJ. $l;L tl;b
mspf;Fk; tq;fpahdJ Kjy; Mz;bw;F r% tl;bAk;> ,uz;lhk; Mz;bw;F 5%
tl;bAk; mspf;fpwJ. ,uz;lhk; Mz;L Kbtpy; ngwg;gl;l Kjph;Tj; njhif &.
2.163 vdpy; r-,d; kjpg;gpid fhz;f.
58. How do you define the IP addresses of Internet and Email? Explain.
,izak; kw;Wk; kpd; mQ;rYf;fhd IP Kfthpia vt;thW tiuaWg;gha;?
tpsf;Ff.
UNIT III
59. "Solar energy has promise, but it still poses challenges" - Comment on this
statement.
#hpa Mw;wy;> xU tug;gpurhjk;> vdpDk; vjph;nfhs;s Ntz;ba rthy;fs;
mjd; Kd; epw;fpd;wd. ,e;j $w;wpidg; gw;wpa fUj;jpid vOJf.
61. Enumerate the angiosperm like features of Gnetum. Give reasons for and against
considering this genus as ancestral to angiosperms.
ePll
; j;jpw;Fk;> G+f;Fk; jhtuj;jpw;Fk; cs;s xj;j mk;rq;fis tthpirg;gLj;Jf
,e;j jhtuk; G+f;Fk; jhtuj;jpw;F %yjhukhf ,Ue;jpUf;Fk; vd;gjw;F xj;j
kw;Wk; vjpuhd fhuzq;fis nfhLf;fTk;.
gphpT m
Section a
(kpfr;rpwpa mstpy; tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
Fwpg;G: i) midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilasp. xt;nthd;wpw;Fk; 30 nrhw;fSf;F
kpfhky; tpilaspf;fTk;
UNIT I
(INDIAN POLITY EMERGING POLITICAL TRENDS ACROSS THE WORLD AFFECTING
INDIA)
6. gPll
; h; nry;g; vd;gthpd; fUj;jpd;gb murpay;thjpf;Fk; kw;Wk; muR eph;thfpfsf;FkpilNa
Vw;gLk; ghpkhw;wj;jpypUf;Fk; ehd;F Kf;fpa gFjpfis $Wf
According to Peter Self, what are four important areas of interaction between the
politicians and the administrators?
UNIT II
ANSWER TAMIL (OR) ENGLISH
(TAMIL LANGUAGE, TAMIL SOCIETY ITS CULTURE AND
HERITAGE)
21. rpyg;gjpfhuk; Fwpg;gpLk; ehlf Nkil mikg;G gw;wp tpsf;Ff
Or
(ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS)
Read carefully the passage given below and based on your understanding, answer the
questions given underneath.
The co-presence of different communities within the same polity is, therefore, not a
new occurrence. Cultural plurality has been a hallmark of many societies for a very long
time. However, the existence of plurality at the societal level does not imply that
multiculturalism as a value prevailed in these societies. The simultaneous presence of
many cultures and communities within the same social space points to a plural social
fabric, but it does not be token the presence of multiculturalism. The latter entails
something more than the mere presence of different communities or the attitude of
tolerance in society. Multiculturalism is concerned with the issue of equality: it asks
whether the different communities, living peacefully together, co-exist as equals in the
public arena.
Questions
30. Who are public criers and for what purpose, have they been employed in the past?
32. Why do the scholars praise the Millet system while compared to the other systems?
33. Fill in the blanks with suitable answer from the passage:
a. The Ottoman Empire gave primary importance to ________ religion
b. Emperor Akbars allowing high ranking Rajput officers in his service to build temples is
a case of _______ and________
UNIT III
(ADMINISTRATION OF UNION AND STATE WITH REFERENCE TO
TAMIL NADU)
35. Jiwapil gjpypgzp mkh;jJ ; jy; gzp vd;gjd; nghUs; vd;d?
What is meant by Inter-Cadre Deputation?
gphpT M
Section B
UNIT II
ANSWER TAMIL (OR) ENGLISH
Write reports on each of the following in about 150 words, following the proper format
56. Imagine that for a Minor Project, you are working on the feasibility of having flexible
working hours for your organization. Write a report on your findings and conclusions.
57. As Cultural Secretary, write a report to your Principal on the inter-collegiate cultural fest
organised by your department on the theme of Environmental Pollution and its outcome.
58. As a newspaper reporter, write on the need for installing auto meters and the extent of the
success of their implementation.
UNIT III
59. ,aw;if Nguoptpw;fhd mikr;ruitf; FOtpd; Nehf;fq;fs; ahit?
Write the objectives of the Cabinet Committee on Natural Calamities (CCNC)
60. Foe;ijfSf;Fj; Njitahd ftdk; kw;Wk; ghJfhg;gpid vt;thW jkpof muR mspf;fpwJ?
How, children in need of care and protection are taken care of by the Tamil Nadu
Government?
gphpT - ,
Section C
(tphpthf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
(Detailed Answer type)
Fwpg;G
Note
iv) fPof
; z;ltw;Ws; VNjDk; MW tpdhf;fSf;F kl;Lk; tpil jUf. xt;nthU tpdhtpw;Fk; 250
nrhw;fSf;F kpfhky; tpilaspf;fTk;
67. epy mjph;T kw;Wk; mjd; tiffis tiuaWj;J> mjd; tpisTfis tphpthf tpsf;Ff
Define Earthquakes, its types and elaborate the impact of Earthquakes
UNIT II
ANSWER TAMIL (OR) ENGLISH
68. rq;ffhy jkpoh; jpUkz Kiw Fwpj;J tpsf;fpf; fl;Liu tiuf
Injections alarm some patients; they can also alarm doctors and nurses. In America
several thousand healthcare workers contract hepatitis every year by pricking themselves
with needles carrying contaminated blood. They run a risk of contracting many other
diseases too. Safer injections that cause less pain to patients are now available, but at a high
price.
The Biojector made by Bioject of Portland, Oregon is a hand held device about 20
km long. A plastic container that looks like a syringe without a needle fits on to one end.
The plunger on the syringe is pressed not by a finger, but by a blast of carbon-dioxide
which works much quicker. The drug gets blurted out of the fine blunt nozzle, at the end of
the syringe at 800 km per hour; at that speed it hardly notices when it hits the patients skin
and passes through. As the resulting hole is a third of the area of the syringe needle, and
the whole process takes but a fraction of a second, the patient hardly notices either. Slip on
a new sterile syringe and you are ready for the next patient with almost no risk of infection.
Miniaturizing the machine took Bioject seven years and $10 m. the company had to
find a way of ensuring that the pressure applied to deliver the medicine remains constant
for each injection even though the volume of carbon-dioxide within the canister is always
changing. It also had to make sure that the syringe can deliver variable amounts of the
liquid and that the materials used to make the device do not buckle under the high
pressure applied to them. The company developed a range of five different syringes, each
tailored to suit a particular need. Children, for example, have less fat under their skins, and
so the force with which the medicine is delivered, should not be so great as for older, fatter
adults.
Some snags remain. Although each Biojector can deliver up to 50,000 shots, they are
costly, almost $1,000 a piece, and 90 cents for each syringe. A disposable syringe with a
needle typically costs 20 cents. Still some American hospitals and private doctors have
started using the Biojector. If the company can get the price down, more may follow; in
time injections may be no more traumatic than swallowing pills.
A hardly microbe that can withstand huge doses of radiation could have evolved
this ability on Mars.
That is the conclusion of Russian scientists who say it would take far longer than life
has existed here for the bug to evolve that ability in Earths clement conditions. They
suggest the harsher environment of Mars makes it a more likely birthplace.
They hardy bugs could have travelled to Earth on pieces of rock that were blasted
into space by an impacting asteroid and fell to Earth as meteorites.
During the first cycle just a hundredth of the lethal human dose was enough to wipe
out 99.9 percent of the bacteria, but after 44 cycles is took 50 times that initial level to kill
the same proportion.
However, the researchers calculate that it would take thousands of such cycles
before thee-coli were as hardy as Deinococcus. And on Earth it would take between a
Since life originated on Earth 3.8 billion years ago, Pavlov does not believe that there
has been enough time for this resistance to evolve.
On Mars, the bugs could receive the necessary dose in just a few hundred thousand
years, since radiation levels are much higher.
UNIT III
72. ,e;jpahtpy; mjpfhu th;ff ; j;jpd; gz;G eyd;fis tpsf;Ff
Explain the characteristics of Bureaucracy in India.
73. ,e;jpa eph;thfj;jpy; fhzg;ngWk; kpd;dD MSiff;F jfty; njhopy; El;gj;jpd; gq;fpid
kjpg;gpLf
Evaluate the role of information and Communication Technology in E-Governance of
Indian Administration.
gphpT m
Section a
(kpfr;rpwpa mstpy; tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
Fwpg;G: i) midj;J tpdhf;fSf;Fk; tpilasp. xt;nthd;wpw;Fk; 30 nrhw;fSf;F
kpfhky; tpilaspf;fTk;
UNIT I
(CURRENT EVENTS OF NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL
IMPORTANCE)
1. M~hg+h;zh Njtpapd; gq;fspg;G gw;wp ePtph; mwptJ ahJ?
What do you know about the contribution of Ashapurna Devi?
9. /ngnul;hpf; rhq;fh; vd;gtUf;F kl;Lk; Gfo;ngw;w Ntjpapay; Nehngy; ghpR ,UKiw 1958
Yk; 1980 Yk; toq;fg;gl;lJ. ,t;tpuz;L Mz;bYk; mtuJ Ma;T vd;d?
Fredrick Sanger is the only Nobel Laureate to be awarded the coveted Nobel Prize in
Chemistry twice in 1958 and 1980. What were his works in the two incidents?
UNIT
(CURRENT ECONOMIC TRENDS, INDIAN ECONOMY, IMPACT OF
GLOBAL ECONOMY OF INDIA)
13. Ntiytha;gG; nghWg;GWjpr; rl;lk; 2005 gpw Ntiytha;gG ; cUthf;Fk; jpl;lq;fspypUe;J
vt;thW NtWgl;Ls;sJ?
How does the Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 differ from other employment generation
schemes?
17. %yjd cUthf;fk; vd;why; vd;d? nkhj;j %yjd cUthf;fk; kw;Wk; epfu %yjd
cUthf;fk; NtWgLj;Jf?
What is meant by capital formation? Distinguish between Gross Capital Formation and Net
Capital Formation.
22. 80tJ murpay; khw;wpaikg;Gr; rl;lk; (2000) epjpf; FOtpy; Vw;gLj;jpa tpisTfs; ahit?
What are the effects of 80th Amendment Act (2000) of the Constitution on Finance
Commission?
UNIT III
(SOCIO ECONOMICS ISSUES IN INDIA AND TAMIL NADU)
23. ngz;fs; Nkk;ghL vd;why; vd;d?
What is meant by Womens Empowerment?
30. gpuhe;ja
P czh;tpid jLg;gjw;fhd jPht ; pid ghpe;Jiuf;fTk;
Suggest remedies to eliminate regionalism
gphpT M
Section B
(RUf;fkhf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdhtif)
(Brief Answer Type)
Fwpg;G:
Note
36. cyf Rfhjhu mikg;gpd; mwpf;ifapy; khw;W jpwdhspfs; eyDf;fhf $wg;gl;Ls;s rpwg;G
mk;rq;fs; ahit?
What are the salient features mentioned in the report of WHO for the welfare of the people
living with disability?
41. gf;kpdp];lh; Gy;yhPd; vd;why; vd;d? Vd; ,jw;F fl;blf;fiy ty;Yeh; ngah; ,lg;gl;lJ?
,J vt;thW kpd;rhuk; flj;Jk; jpwd; ngw;wJ/
What Buckminister fullerene? Why is named after an architect? Why is it possible for it to
carry electricity?
43. 2007-08k; Mz;Lfspy; cyf epjpr; rpf;fypdhy; Vw;gl;l ,e;jpa gq;F kw;Wk; me;epa
nryhtzp re;ijapd; tpisTfs; ahit?
What was the impact of Indian stock and foreign exchange market during 2007-08 Global
Financial Turmoil?
UNIT III
48. ve;j tpjkhd Fiwfs; FiwjPhf ; F
; k; kd;wj;jpw;Fl;gl;lJ?
What are the various disputes covered under the Lok Adalat
gphpT - ,
Section C
(tphpthf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
(Detailed Answer type)
Fwpg;G
Note
2 x 15 =30
UNIT I
UNIT II
55. jkpo;ehL kpd; cw;gj;jp kw;Wk; gfph;khd fofj;jpd; Nkhrkhd nray;ghl;bw;fhd fhuzq;fis
tpthjpf;f
Discuss the reasons for the poor performance of Tamilnadu Electricity Generation and
Distribution Corporation
UNIT III
56. ,e;jpahtpd; Njrpa kdpj chpik fkp~dpd; murpayikg;G nray; gq;fpidg; gw;wp njspT
nra;f
Highlight the constitutional functions of National Human Rights Commission in India.
gphpT - <
Section D
(fl;Liu tpdh tif)
(ESSAY)
Fwpg;G
Note
58. mf;fiuaw;w ,e;jpa murpaiy khw;wp mikf;Fk; jd;ik Njh;jy; rPhj ; pUj;jj;jpw;F cz;L
tpthjp
The apathy of Indian politics can be altered by electoral reform Discuss
UNIT II
SOCIOLOGY
(SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF INDIA AND TAMILNADU)
59. Fbg;gof;fj;jpw;fhd fhuzq;fis tpsf;fp mjpypUe;J tpLgLtjw;fhd rpfpr;iria tpthpf;f
Explain the problems of alcoholism and enumerate the treatment of alcoholics
Fwpg;G
Note:
UNIT I
41.,e;jpa muR rl;lk; 1935-y; cs;s Kf;fpa topfs; gw;wp Fwpg;G vOJf
Write the important provisions of the Government India Act of 1935
UNIT III
47.Modem vd;gJ ahJ? mjd; gad;ghl;ilf; $W
What is a Modem? Give its uses
48.m];ng];lh]; kw;Wk; m];ng];Nlh]p]; vd;why; vd;d?
m];ng];lhrpdhy; Rw;Wg;Gwj;jpy; Vw;gLk; ahit?
52.Fbfhuh;fis tifg;gLj;jTk;
Explain the classification of drinkers
gphpT - ,
Section C
(tphpthf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
(Detailed Answer type)
Fwpg;G
Note
UNIT I
UNIT II
UNIT III
13. ePhf
; N
; fhsk; tiuaW
Define hydrosphere
20. rhq;fN
; gh gw;wp rpWFwpg;G vOJf
Write a brief notes on Tsangpo
UNIT II
ANSWER EITHER TAMIL QUESTIONS OR ENGLISH QUESTIONS
Answer Tamil Question only in Tamil (Or) English question only in English
jkpo; tpdhf;fSf;F jkpopYk; (m) Mq;fpy tpdhf;fSf;F Mq;fpyj;jpYk; kl;Lk; tpilaspf;fTk;
OR
(ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS)
Comprehension:
Read the following passage and answer the questions given below: 7 x 3 = 21
Zoopharmacognosy is the study of how animals use plants, insects and other inorganic materials
in self-medication. Approximately 500 species of cone snails inhabit shallow tropical seas. They
defend themselves and paralyze their prey-worms, fish and other molluscs by injecting a
cocktail of toxins through a hollow, harpoon-like tooth. Each species has its own distinct set of
around 100 'conotoxins', which it mixes in constantly changing proportions, thereby preventing
evolution of resistance in their prey. Just as we are appreciating the remarkable potential of cone
snails as a source of new medicines, they are coming under intense pressure in the wild. Their
shallow tropical habitats are rapidly being destroyed and snails are being collected at alarming
rates from the wild to supply the ornamental shell trade as well as for biomedical research.
32. Mention two commercial use of the species notes in the passage
UNIT III
(ADMINISTRATION OF UNION AND STATES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
TAMILNADU)
gphpT M
Section B
(RUf;fkhf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdhtif)
(Brief Answer Type)
Fwpg;G:
Note
UNIT I
UNIT II
ANSWER EITHER TAMIL QUESTIONS OR ENGLISH QUESTIONS
nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s jkpo; (my;yJ) Mq;fpy tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspf;fTk;
Answer Tamil Question only in Tamil (Or) English question only in English
jkpo; tpdhf;fSf;F jkpopYk; (m) Mq;fpy tpdhf;fSf;F Mq;fpyj;jpYk; kl;Lk; tpilaspf;fTk;
55. %jpy; Ky;iy> Vwhz; Ky;iyj; Jiwfs; Gyg;gLj;Jk; kwf;Fu kfsph;jk; tPuTzh;itf;
$Wf
The earth's climate is driven by solar radiation. In the long term, the energy
absorbed from the sun must be balanced by outgoing longwave thermal radiation from the
earth and the atmosphere. Part of this outgoing energy is absorbed and re-emitted by
radioactive atmospheric gases ("greenhouse gases"), thereby reducing net emission of
energy to space. To maintain the global energy balances, both the atmosphere and the
surface will warm until the outgoing energy equals the incoming energy. This is the
greenhouse effect.
The main natural greenhouse gases are water vapour (the largest contributor to the
greenhouse effect), carbondioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. There are also purely
man-made greenhouse gases, including many ODS such as CFCs, which are controlled
under the Montreal Protocol. The main greenhouse gases differ in the intensity of their heat
trapping (or "radiative forcing") and thus in their ability to affect the radiative balance of
the earth. GFCs and nitrous oxide are many times more potent than the same quantity of
carbon dioxide or methane.
The largest sources of methane in the atmosphere are natural wetlands, rice paddies and
livestock. Natural gas production (drilling, venting and transmission), biomass burning,
termites, landfills and coal mining also release methane. Nitrous oxide is released by the
oceans and soil, but human activities such as biomass burning and the use of fertilisers play
a role that is not yet fully understood or quantified.
For decades, scientists have studied the climatic effects of greenhouse gases. In 1827
Fourier conceived the theory of the greenhouse effect. Arrhenius in 1896 analysed possible
climate change caused by industrial emissions of radiatively active gases.
The impact of the global warming process will be felt by several sectors-agriculture,
fisheries, forestry, etc. - which would ultimately affect the economies of countries. For
example, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) predicts a shift in the
current agricultural production pattern away from the current production areas to northern
latitudes. Changes in groundwater availability, increased occurrence of climate extremes
and crop diseases are also predicted. A rise in sea levels as a result of melting of ice from
the poles will threaten low-lying coastal areas, especially those which are densely
populated.
Health experts expect a rise in climate-related diseases such as heat strokes and a
spread of vector-borne diseases such as malaria into areas so far unaffected. Others have
warned about the consequences of increased water shortages.
Geoscientists agree that the Arctic has been and will continue to be significantly
affected by global warming. Much of the land surface in the Arctic is underlain by
permanently frozen ground called 'permafrost'. The uppermost 'active layer' experiences
seasonal thawing. Recent studies indicate that climatic warming may result in a 12 to 15 per
cent reduction in the area covered by permafrost and a 15 to 30 per cent increases in the
thickness of the active layer. As temperature rises permafrost melts, releasing stored
carbon, but just as importantly, methane. Increased warming results in more permafrost
melting pushing the earth system ever forward into a future enhanced greenhouse
environment.
Changes to the reflectivity of the surface (called the albedo) affects the amount of
solar radiation absorbed by the earth. As Arctic sea ice melts it exposes open water which is
less reflective (albedo decreases). The reduction in albedo allows more light to be absorbed
by the ocean. As the ocean water warms, more heat is added to the air driving Arctic
temperatures ever higher. The reduction in sea ice is having a significant impact on arctic
ecosystems.
57.
Rapid climate changes such as the ice age and catastrophic events like meteorite
impacts and volcanoes cause the extinction of many species. Nevertheless, mass extinction
which can be the bane of one species can become an opportunity for another. All mass
extinctions have been followed by periods of recovery, known as adaptive radiations. After
almost every mass extinction, numerous new species have evolved to fill new or vacated
ecological niches in the changed environment. The extinction of dinosaurs, for example,
was followed by an explosive rise of mammals. Fossil records suggest about 10 million
years or more are required for adaptive radiations to rebuild biological diversity after a
mass extinction.
Today, however, species are going extinct at an accelerated and dangerous rate,
because of non-natural environmental changes caused by human activities.
This increased rate does not allow for ecosystems to recover or other species to
occupy vacant slots. Species that have a very limited habitat or small population size are
particularly vulnerable to extinction.
Some of the activities have direct effects on species and ecosystems, such as habitat
loss/degradation, over exploitation (such as over fishing), and spread of non-native
species/diseases. Some human activities have indirect but wide-reaching effects on
biodiversity, including climate change, and pollution.
All of these threats have put a serious strain on the diversity of species on Earth.
According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), globally about
one third of all known species are threatened with extinction. That includes 29% of all
amphibians, 21% of all mammals and 12% of all birds. If we do not stop the threats to
biodiversity, we could be facing another mass extinction with dire consequences to the
environment and human health and livelihood.
58.
Globally about 6 million people die from tobacco use each year, both from direct
tobacco use and second-hand smoke.
Approximately 2.3 million die each year from the harmful use of alcohol, accounting
for about 3.8% of all deaths in the world. More than half of these deaths occur from NCDs
including cancers, cardiovascular disease and liver cirrhosis.
Adequate consumption of fruit and vegetables reduces the risk for high blood
pressure, heart disease, stroke, diabetes and stomach and colorectal cancer. On the other
side, high salt, saturated fats and trans-fatty acids consumption is ill-advised.
UNIT III
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Section C
(tphpthf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
(Detailed Answer type)
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Note
UNIT II
Answer Tamil Question only in Tamil (Or) English question only in English
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70. Smart Phones are path-breaking instruments of communication but they had made us
more dumb leading to quicker mental deterioration Discuss
71. The Aadhar Card as a unique identity card augurs for the welfare of the Indian Society and
its citizens Discuss
UNIT III
15. ,e;jpa &ghapy; gz kjpg;G Fiwj;jy; kw;Wk; gz kjpg;G $l;Ljy; vd;why; vd;d?
What is meant by depreciation and appreciation of rupee currency?
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tiuf
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Section B
(RUf;fkhf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdhtif)
(Brief Answer Type)
UNIT I
36. ,izajsj;jpy; Mghr Fwpg;Gf;fs; GFj;jpdhy; jz;lid vd;W ciuj;j tof;fpid gw;wp
tpthjpf;fTk;
Discuss the case involving conviction on posting of the obscene messages on the Internet.
39. EI epNdh vd;gJ gw;wp ePtph; mwptnjd;d? mjd; fhuzq;fs; kw;Wk; tpisTfis tpsf;Ff
What do you know about EI Nino? Explain its causes and effects.
41. gd;dhl;L Nkk;ghL fl;likg;G cr;rp khehL (IDDS) kw;Wk; tWikapy; thOk; kf;fspd;
Nkk;ghl;by; mjw; gq;F Fwpj;Jk; tpsf;Ff
Explain International Development Design Summit (IDDS) and its role on improvement of
people living in poverty.
42. ,e;jpa murhy; nfhz;L tug;gl;Ls;s kp~d; ,e;jpujD~; vd;w Rfhjhu jpl;lj;ij
RUf;fkhf tpthp
Briefly describe the Health Scheme Mission Indradhanush launched by Indian
Government
UNIT II
43. epjpf;FOtpd; gzpfs; ahit?
What are the functions of Finance Commission?
UNIT III
48. ,e;jpahtpy; FLk;gf; fl;Lghl;Lj; jpl;lj;ij nray;gLj;Jtjpy; cs;s fbdq;fis
gl;baypLf
Enumerate the difficulties in the implementation of Family Planning Program in India
49. 73tJ Njrpa murpay; (1993) rl;lj;jpl;lj;jpd; jpUj;jj;ij tpsf;Ff. mjd; VNjDk; ehd;F
Fiwfis gl;baypLf
Explain the 73rd Constitution Amendment Act 1993. List any four drawbacks of this Act
50. Njrpa kf;fs; njhif nfhs;if 1976> Njrpa kf;fs; njhif nfhs;if 2000 ,it
,uz;ilAk; xg;gpLf
Compare the National Population Policy (1976) with the National Population Policy (NPP
2000)
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Section C
(tphpthf tpilaspf;Fk; tpdh tif)
(Detailed Answer type)
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Note
UNIT II
UNIT III
56. rKjha Nkk;ghl;Lj;jpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa Fwpf;Nfhs;fis tpthp
Describe the main objectives of Community Development Programme
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Section D
(fl;Liu tpdh tif)
(ESSAY)
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Note
2 x 30 =60
Or
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; KbahjJ vd;gij tpsf;Ff
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