15BME0921

Aditya Shivarkar

OBSERVATIONS AND TABULATION

Table 1 Results of Self Priming Pump

S. Pressure Vacuum Total Time Discharg Time Input Output Efficie

No gauge gauge Head for e(Q) for ncy
reading reading (H) h Nr power power
rise m3/sec ()
kg/cm2 mm of m Sec kW kW
Hg Sec

0.000929 0.9615 0.08263 8.5940

0.5 240 9.064 17 11.7
6 3846 484 2314
1

0.000882 1.0321 0.11941 11.570

1 220 13.792 17.9 10.9
9 1009 707 1875
2

0.000818 1.1138 0.14763 13.253

1.5 190 18.384 19.3 10.1
8 6139 01 9021
3

4 0.000735 1.1363 0.16562 14.575

2 160 22.976 21.5 9.9
1 6364 587 0764

5 0.000681 1.2228 0.18416 15.060

2.5 130 27.568 23.2 9.2
2 2609 601 687

Dimensions of the collecting tank = 0.158036 m2

Distance between the gauges = 0.80 m

Energy meter constant = 3200 rev/kWh or Impulse per kWh

Speed of the Pump = 2820 rpm

Exp. No:
Date :

PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF A SELF PRIMING PUMP

AIM
1. To study the performance characteristics of a Self-priming pump.
2. To find the specific speed of the pump.

BASIC CONCEPT
Centrifugal pumps are rotodynamic machines in which the dynamic pressure is
developed due rotation of impeller which enables the lifting of the liquids from a lower level
to higher level. The basic principle on which a centrifugal pump works is that when a certain
mass of liquid is made to rotate by an external force. It is thrown away from the central axis
to rotation and centrifugal head is impressed which enables it to rise to a higher level. Now
if more liquid is constantly made available at the center of rotation, a continuous supply of
liquid at higher level is ensured.

The first step in the operation of a centrifugal pump is the process of priming.
Priming is the operation in which the suction pipe, casing and portion of delivery pipe up to
the delivery valve are completely filled with the liquid which is to be pumped, so that the air
from the portion is driven out and no air pocket is left. The necessity of priming is that the
centrifugal head generated is directly proportional to the density of the fluid which is in
contact with the impeller. Hence, if the impeller is rotated in air, only a negligible pressure is
developed and is not sufficient to lift the liquid. In case of Self Priming pump the
construction is such that special arrangements containing a supply of liquid are provided in
the suction pipe, which facilitates the automatic priming of the pump.

The centrifugal pump consists an impeller or a rotor provided with a series of curved
vanes or blades encased in air tight chamber. A suction pipe whose upper end is connected
to the center of the impeller and its lower end is dipped in to the liquid being pumped. At
the exit of the pump i.e., at the exit of spiral casing a delivery valve is connected.
The following formulae are employed.
I) Discharge (Q) = Ah / t
A= Internal plan area of the collecting tank
h= Rise of water level in the collecting tank.
t= Time taken for rise of water level H in the collecting tank. (Sec)
ii) Total head (H) = Hs + Hd + (Vd2 - Vs2)/2g + X
Hs=Suction head in meters of water (Vacuum gauge reading in mm-Hg x 13.6 /1000 (m)
Hd=Delivery head in meters of water (Pressure gauge reading in Kg/ Cm2) x10(m)

X = Vertical Distance between pressure gauge and vacuum gauge (m)

Vd = Velocity of water in delivery pipe (m/s)

Vs = Velocity of water in suction pipe (m/s)

iii) Output of the pump (P0) = Q H/1000 (kW)

= Specific weight of the water (N/m3)

Q = Actual discharge of the pump (m3/s)

H = Total head (m)

iv) Input of the Pump (Pi) = (3600 x Nr)/ (Ne x T)

Ne = energy meter constant in revolutions per kWh or Impulse per kWh

Nr = number of revolutions of the energy meter disc

T = time taken for Nr revolutions of energy meter disc

v) Percentage efficiency of the pump ( ) = (P0/Pi) x 100

Specific speed of the pump (Ns) = NQ/ (H/n) 3/4

N = speed of the pump

n = number of stages

Q = discharge corresponding to maximum efficiency

H = head corresponding to maximum efficiency

APPARATUS

1. Self-priming Pump

2. Collecting tank with piezometer

3. Stop watch

4. Energy meter

5. Meter scale
GRAPHS

The following graphs are drawn taking Q on X axis

1. Head vs Q

2. Input power vs Q

3. Efficiency vs Q

MODEL GRAPHS

0.001

0.0008

0.0006
Head

0.0004

0.0002

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Q

1.4
1.2
1
Input Power

0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.001
Q

20

15
Effeciency

10

0
0 0.0002 0.0004 0.0006 0.0008 0.001
Q
RESULT

The operating characteristics curves of the Self Priming Pump are drawn at constant speed

The design head :

The design discharge :

The specific speed of the pump :