Homework

MAQUINAS Y HERRAMIENTAS NRC3555 RODRIGUEZ ESPINOZA

JONATHAN BRANDO ID 000136307

21.9 What is the function of the chip breakers? How do they work?

The function of the chip breaker is to improve chip control and reduce cutting resistance,
thus achieving a better balance between these two factors, improving the machining
performance and allowing free movement of the material from the extracted part.
The breaker decreases the radius of the curvature of the chip and finally breaks it, in
addition chip breakers with slits near the edge cause the chips to be curled and
discharged quickly. In this case, the chips are curled and discharged once broken while
striking the workpiece or the side edge.

21.11 Explain the characteristics of the different types of tool wear.

De Edge wear:
Flank wear occurs on the relief face (or flank) of the tool
It is attributed to friction of the tool along the machined surface, which causes an
adhesive or abrasive wear, and high temperatures, that adversely affect the
properties of the tool material.
Excessive flank wear will lead to deterioration in surface quality, deterioration of
dimensional accuracy and increase in friction as a result of geometric transformation.
High temperatures that adversely affect the properties of the tool material.
Craterization:
Occurs on the attack face of the tool.
Change the contact geometry of the tool-chip interface.
Most significant factors that influence craterization.

a) The temperature at the tool-chip interface.

b) The chemical affinity between the materials of the tool and the workpiece.

Factors influencing flank wear also influence craterization.

It is attributed to a diffusion mechanism, which is the movement of atoms through the
tool-chip interface.
Craterization increases at the same time as temperature.
21.12 List the factors that contribute to a poor surface finish in the cut.

Cutting speed, cutting depth, feed rate, cutting fluids

Angles of the tool
Wood chips
Raised edge chip
Discontinuous chip
Temperature rise
Tool Wear
Machinability

21.13 Explain what the term machinability means and what it means. Why does titanium
have poor machinability?

Machinability can be defined as handling a good surface finish and a good surface integrity, a
long tool life and low requirements of strength and power, is related to tool life, surface finish,
forces and power and chip type.

Titanium have very poor thermal conductivity (the lowest of all metals), low thermal
conductivity and resistance, which decrease abruptly with temperature (thermal softening

21.29 Describe the consequences of exceeding the permissible depth of wear (Table 21.4) in
various cutting tool materials.

The surface of the machined workpiece begins to deteriorate.

Cutting forces increase significantly.
The temperature rises significantly.
Tool life.
Its dimensional accuracy.
The economics of cutting operations.